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2019年6月大学英语四级真题及参考答案(第一套)

2019年6月大学英语四级真题解析及参考答案

Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to

write a news report to yourcampusnewspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union toassistelderly people in the neighborhood. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words.

【参考范文】

OnJune 14, Friday, a volunteer activity where many students took an active part in visiting the local Nursing House was organized by the Student Union and it turns out to be a big success.

The activity was aimed at encouraging students to visit the elderly at the Nursing House and help elderly people deal with their troubles both physical and psychological. Many students volunteered to participate in this good deed and were engaged in helping the elderly here out by making their meals, washing their clothes and chatting with them. When asked about those volunteers’feelings about such an experience, all of them responded with a smile, saying“what a wonderful practice and I really appreciate this experience, for it makes me learn to care more for others in need.”

All in all, the activity turns out to be a success not only for the visited elderly but for those students involved.

【参考范文译文】

6月14日，星期五，学生会组织了一个参观当地敬老院的志愿活动，许多学生都积极参与其中，该活动取得了巨大的成功。

此次志愿活动旨在拜访当地敬老院的老人们并对他们各个方面的困难提供帮助。许多学生主动加入到此次善举当中，帮老人们洗衣做饭、谈心解闷，竭尽所能提供帮助。问及参与此次活动的感想时，他们毫无例外地回道“真是太有意义了，很感谢这次经历，它让我懂得要去更加关爱那些有困难的人”

总而言之，此次活动取得了巨大成功，不仅仅对那些老人来说受益多多，对于参与的学生来说也是意义良多。

total freedom to test their self-driving technology on public roads. They would be allowed to send groups of self-driving cars on cross-state road trips, and even set on-demand33of

self-driving cars, like the one General Motors and Lyft are building.

Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the commercial application of self-driving technology. In34,California, home of Silicon Valley,recently proposed far more35rules that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel, and commercial use of self-driving technology.

A) bid B)contrast C)deputy D)dominance E) fleets F) knots G) legislation I)replace

J) represent k) restrictive L) reward M) significant N)sponsor O) transmitted

【参考答案】26-30 HAGDI31-35 NJEBK

Section B

How Work Will Change When Most of Us Live to 100

A.Today in the United States there are 72,000centenarians（百岁老人）.Worldwide,

Probably 450,000. If current trends continue, then by 2050 there will be more than a

million in the US alone. According to the work of Professor James Vaupel and his

co-researchers, 50% of babies born in the US in 2007 have a life expectancy of 104 or

more. Broadly the same holds for the UK, Germany, France, Italy and Canada, and for

Japan 50% of 2007 babies can expect to live to 107.

B.Understandably, there are concerns about what this means for public finances given the

associated health and pension challenges. These challenges are real, and society urgently needs to address them. But it is also important to look at the wider picture of what

happens when so many people live for 100 years. It is a mistake to simply

equate longevity(长寿) with issues of old age. Longer lives have implications for all of life, not just the end of it.

C.Our view is that if many people are living for longer, and are healthier for longer, then

this will result in an inevitable redesign of work and life. When people live longer, they are not only older for longer, but also younger for longer. There is some truth in the saying

that“70 is the new 60”or“40 the new 30.”If you age more slowly over a longer time period, then you are in some sense younger for longer.

D.But the changes go further than that. Take, for instance, the age at which people make

commitments such as buying a house, getting married, having children, or starting a

career. These are all fundamental commitments that are now occurring later in life. In

1962, 50% of Americans were married by age 21. By 2014, that milestone(里程碑)had

shifted to age 29.

E.While there are numerous factors behind these shifts, one factor is surely a growing

realization for the young that they are going to live longer. Options are more valuable the longer they can be held. So if you believe you will live longer, then options become more valuable, and early commitment becomes less attractive. The result is that the

commitments that previously characterized the beginning of adulthood are now being

delayed, and new patterns of behavior and a new stage of life are emerging for those in

their twenties.

F.Longevity also pushes back the age of retirement, and not only for financial reasons. Yes,

unless people are prepared to save a lot more, our calculations suggest that if you are now in your mid-40s, then you are likely to work until your early 70s; and if you are in your

early 20s, there is a real chance you will need to work until your late 70s or possibly even into your 80s. But even if people are able to economically support a retirement at 65, over thirty years of potential inactivity is harmful to cognitive(认知的) and emotional vitality.

Many people may simply not want to do it.

G.And yet that does not mean that simply extending our careers is appealing. Just

lengthening that second stage of full-time work may secure the financial assets needed for

a 100-year life, but such persistent work will inevitably exhaust precious intangible assets

such as productive skills, vitality, happiness, and friendship.

H.The same is true for education. It is impossible that a single shot of education,

administered in childhood and early adulthood, will be able to support a sustained,

60-year career. If you factor in the projected rates of technological change, either your

skills will become unnecessary, or your industry outdated. That means that everyone will, at some point in their life, have to make a number of major reinvestments in their skills. A.It seems likely, then, that the traditional three-stage life will evolve into multiple stages

containing two, three, or oven more different careers. Each of these stages could

potentially be different. In one the focus could be on building financial success and

personal achievement, in another on creating a better work/life balance, still another on exploring and understanding options more fully, or becoming an independent producer,

yet another on making a social Contribution. These stages will span sectors, take people to different cities, and provide Foundation for building a wide variety of skills.

J) Transitions between stages could be marked with sabbaticals(休假) as people find tim rest and recharge their health, re-invest in their relationships, or improve their skills. At times,these breaks and transitions will be self-determined, at others they will be forced as existing roles, firms, or industries cease to exist.

K）A multi-stage life will have profound changes not just in how you manage your career, but also in your approach to life. An increasingly important skill will be your ability to deal with change and even welcome it. A three-stage life has few transitions, while a multi-stage life has many. That is why being self-aware, investing in broader networks of friends, and being open to new ideas will become even more crucial skills.

L）These multi-stage lives will create extraordinary variety across groups of people simply because there are so many ways of sequencing the stages. More stages mean more possible sequences.

M）With this variety will come the end of the close association of age and stage. I n a three-stage life, people leave university at the same time and the same age, they tend to start their careers and family at the same age, they proceed through middle management all roughly the same time, and then move into retirement within a few years of each other. In a multi-stage life, you could be an undergraduate at 20, 40, or 60; a manager at 30, 50, or 70; and become an independent producer at any age.

N）Current life structures, career paths, educational choices, and social norms are out of tune with the emerging reality of longer lifespans. The three-stage life of full-time education, followed by continuous work, and then complete retirement may have worked for our parents or even grandparents, but it is not relevant today. We believe that to focus on longevity as primarily an issue of aging is to miss its full implications. Longevity is not necessarily about being older for longer. It is about living longer, being older later, and being younger longer.

36. An extended lifespan in the future will allow people to have more careers than now.

37. Just extending one’s career may have both positive and negative effects.

38. Nowadays, many Americans have on average delayed their marriage by some eight years.

39. Because of their longer lifespan, young people today no longer follow the pattern of life of their parents or grandparents.

40. Many more people will be expected to live over 100 by the mid-21st century.

41. A longer life will cause radical changes in people’s approach to life.

42. Fast technological change makes it necessary for one to constantly upgrade their skills.

43. Many people may not want to retire early because it would do harm to their mental and emotional well-being.

44. The close link between age and stage may cease to exist in a multi-stage life.

45. People living a longer and healthier life will have to rearrange their work and life.

【参考答案】36-40 IGDNA41-45 KHFMC

Section C Passage One Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

In the classic marriage vow（誓约）, couples promise to stay together in sickness and in health. But a new study finds that the risk of divorce among older couples rises when the wife-not the husband—becomes seriously ill.

“Married women diagnosed with a serious health condition may find themselves struggling with the impact of their disease while also experiencing the stress of divorce,”said researcher Amelia Karraker.

Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham analyzed 20 years of data on 2,717 marriages from a study conducted by Indiana University since 1992. At the time of the first interview, at least one of the partners was over the age of 50.

The researchers examined how the onset（发生）of four serious physical illnesses affected marriages. They found that, overall, 31% of marriages ended in divorce over the period studied. The incidence of new chronic（慢性的）illness onset increased over time as will, with more husbands than wives developing serious health problems.

“We found that women are doubly vulnerable to marital break-up in the face of illness,”Karraker said.“They’re more likely to be widowed, and if they’re the noes who become ill, they’re more likely to get divorced.”

While the study didn’t assess why divorce in more likely when wives but not husbands become seriously ill, Karraker offers a few possible reasons.“Gender norms and social expectations about caregiving many make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses,”Karraker said.“And because of the imbalance in marriage markets, especially in older ages, divorced men have more choices among prospective partners than divorced women.”

Given the increasing concern about health care costs for the aging population, Karraker believes policymakers should be aware of the relationship between disease and risk of divorce.

“Offering support services to spouses caring for their other halves may reduce marital stress and prevent divorce at older ages,”she said.“But it’s also important to recognize that the pressure to divorce may be health-related and that sick ex-wives may need additional care and services to prevent worsening health and increased health costs.”

46. What can we learn about marriage vows from the passage

A) They may not guarantee a lasting marriage.

B) They are as binding as they used to be.

C) They are not taken seriously any more.

D) They may help couples tide over hard times.

47. What did Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham find about elderly husbands

A) They are generally not good at taking care of themselves.

B) They can become increasingly vulnerable to serious illnesses.

C) They can develop different kinds of illnesses just like their wives.

D) They are more likely to contract serious illnesses than their wives.

48. What does Karraker say about women who fall ill

A) They are more likely to be widowed.

B) They are more likely to get divorced.

C) They are less likely to receive good care.

D) They are less likely to bother their spouses.

49. Why is it more difficult for men to take care of their sick spouses according to Karraker

A) They are more accustomed to receiving care.

B) They find it more important to make money for the family.

C) They think it more urgent to fulfill their social obligations.

D) They expect society to do more of the job.

50. What does Karraker think is also important

A) Reducing marital stress on wives.

B) Stabilizing old couples’s relations.

C) Providing extra care for divorced women.

D) Making men pay for their wives’health costs.

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

If you were like most children, you probably got upset when your mother called you by a sibling’s(兄弟姐妹的)name. How could she not know you Did it mean she loved you less

Probably not. According to the first research to tackle this topic head-on, misnaming the most familiar people in our life is a common cognitive(认知的)error that has to do with how our memories classify and store familiar names.

The study, published online in April in the journal Memory and Cognition,found that

the“wrong”name is not random but is invariably fished out from the same relationship pond: children, siblings, friends. The study did not examine the possibility of deep psychological significance to the mistake, says psychologist David Rubin,“but it does tell us who’s in and who’s out of the group.”

The study also found that within that group, misnamings occurred where the names shared initial or internal sounds, like Jimmy and Joanie or John and Bob. Physical resemblance between people was not a factor. Nor was gender.

The researchers conducted five separate surveys of more than 1,700 people. Some of the surveys included only college students; others were done with a mixed-age population. Some asked subjects about incidents where someone close to them—family or friend—had called them by another person’s name. The other surveys asked about times when subjects had themselves called someone close to them by the wrong name. All the surveys found that people mixed up names within relationship groups such as grandchildren, friends and siblings but hardly ever crossed these boundaries.

In general, the study found that undergraduates were almost as likely as old people to make this mistake and men as likely as women. Older people and this mistake and men as likely as women. Older people and women made the mistake slightly more often, but that may be because grandparents have more grandchildren to mix up than parents have children. Also, mothers may call on their children more often than fathers, given traditional gender norms. There was no evidence that errors occurred more when the misnamer was frustrated, tired or angry.

might people often feel when they were misnamed

A)Unwanted.

B)Unhappy.

C)Confused.

D)Indifferent.

did David Rubin’s research find about misnaming

A)It is related to the way our memories work.

B)It is a possible indicator of a faulty memory.

C)It occurs mostly between kids and their friends.

D)It often causes misunderstandings among people.

53.What is most likely the cause of misnaming

A)Similar personality traits.

B)Similar spellings of names.

C)Similar physical appearance.

D)Similar pronunciation of names.

54.What did the surveys of more than 1,700 subjects find about misnaming

A)It more often than not hurts relationships.

B)It hardly occurs across gender boundaries.

C)It is most frequently found in extended families.

D)It most often occurs within a relationship groups.

55.Why do mothers misname their children more often than fathers

A)They suffer more frustrations.

B)They become worn out more often.

C)They communicate more with their children.

D)They generally take on more work at home.

PartⅣTranslation (30 minutes)

Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from

Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

剪纸是中国民间艺术的一种独特形式，已有2000多年历史。剪纸很可能源于汉代，继纸张发明之后。从此，它在中国的许多地方得到了普及。剪纸用的材料和工具很简单：纸和剪刀。剪纸作品通常是用红纸做成的，因为红色在中国传统文化中与幸福相联。因此，在婚礼、春节等喜庆场合，红颜色的剪纸是门窗装饰的首选。

【参考译文】

Paper cutting is a unique form of Chinese traditional folk art with a history of more than 2,000 years. Paper cutting probably originated in the Han Dynasty, following the invention of the paper. Since then, it has been spread widely in many parts of China. The materials and tools for paper cutting are simple:paper and scissors. Paper cutting works are usually made of red paper, because red is associated with happiness in traditional Chinese culture. Therefore, in the wedding, the Spring Festival and other festive occasions, red paper cutting is the first choice of door and window decoration.

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2015大学英语四级真题

2015年6月大学英语四级真题四级翻译在西方人心目中，和中国联系最为密切的基本食物是大米。长期以来，大米在中国人的饮食中占据很重要的地位，以至于有谚语说“巧妇难为无米之炊”。中国南方大多种植水稻，人们通常以大米为主食;而华北大部分地区由于过于寒冷或过于干燥无法种植水稻，那里的主

要作物是小麦。在中国，有些人用面粉做面包，但大多数人用面粉做馒头和面条。 In the eyes of the western, the basic food closest to China is rice. Rice has long occupied so significant a position in the diet of Chinese that there is a proverb “ Even a clever housewife cannot cook a me al without rice”. Rice is grown mostly in southern China where people usually take rice as their staple food, while it cannot be planted in northern China where the climate is either too cold or too dry for rice to grow. As a result, the main crop in the north is wheat. In China, flour is sometimes the main ingredient for bread but more often used to make buns and noodles。第一句，简单句;第二句如此以至于结构“so... that…"注意so的用法，直接接adj.或adv。第三句南北对比，可以用while或whereas连接，最后一句也是对比句，主语people是比较泛的大主语，考虑改写为被动句。六级翻译中国传统的待客之道要求饭菜丰富多样，让客人吃不完，中国宴席上典型的菜单包括开席的一套凉菜及其后的热菜，例如肉类，鸡鸭，蔬菜等。大多数宴席上，全鱼被认为是必不可少的，除非已经上过各式海鲜。如今，中国人喜欢把喜欢西方特色菜与传统中式菜肴融于一席，因此，牛排上桌也不少见，沙拉也已经流行起来，尽管传统上中国人一般不吃任何未经烹饪的菜肴，宴席上通常至少有一道汤，可以最先

2015年6月大学英语四级真题及答案

未得到监考老师指令前，不得翻阅该试题册! Part 1 Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and them comment on this kind of modern life. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. THIS MODERN LIFE: WORK HOME PLAY SLEEP 请用黑色签字笔在答题卡1指定区域作答作文题，在试题册上的作答无效。

Part II Listening Comprehension (30minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will bear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each questions there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 1 with a single line through the center. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答 1. A) He is pleased to sit on the committee C) He will tell the woman his decision later B) He is willing to offer the woman a hand D) He would like to become a clu b member 2. A) Their planned trip to Vancouver is obviously overpriced B) They should borrow a guide book instead of buying one C ) The guide books in the library have the latest information D) The library can help order guide books about Vancouver 3. A) He regrets having taken the history course B) He finds little interests in history books C) He has trouble finishing his reading assignments D) He has difficulty in writing the weekly book report 4. A) The man had better choose another restaurant B) The new restaurant is a perfect place for dating C) The new restaurant caught her fancy immediately D) The man has good taste in choosing the restaurant 5. A) He has been looking forward to sping C)He will clean the woman?s boots f or spring C) He has been waiting for the winter sale D) He will help the woman put things away 6. A) At a tailor?s C) In a cloth store B) At Bob?s home D) In a theatre 7. A) His guests favors Tibetan drinks C) Mineral water is good for health B) His water is quite extraordinary D) Plain water will serve the purpose