【外研版】2019届高考英语一轮复习：语法专项突破(11)及答案解析

第二部分语法专项突破(十一)

真题改编，语法填空

1．(2018·四川改编)________ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.

答案：What 本题考查名词性从句中连词的用法。因为本题主语从句中said缺少宾语，而且主句中describes 缺少主语，故选择what作主语成分。

2．(2018·陕西改编)It remains to be seen ______ the newly formed committee's policy can be put into practice.

答案：whether 本题考查名词性从句。句意：那仍然得看新形成的委员会政策能否付诸实践。it在此为形式主语，故seen后为真正的主语从句，又由remains to be seen可知存在不确定的意思，所以用whether“是否”。3．(2018·重庆改编)________ struck me most in the movie was the father's deep love for his son. 答案：What 本题考查名词性从句的引导词。句意：电影中最打动我的是那位父亲对他儿子的深深的爱。分析结构可知，________ struck me most in the movie为主语从句，从句缺少主语，用what引导。4．(2018·江西改编)________(which) one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.

答案：Whichever 考查代词的用法。句意：你们当中无论哪一个打破窗子，都要照价赔偿。which(ever)“无论哪一个”，符合句意。

5．(2018·北京改编)________ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer. 答案：What 本题考查名词性从句的引导词。句意：使这本书与众不同的是作者的有创造性的想像力。分析结构可知，________ makes the book so extraordinary为主语从句，从句缺少主语，要用what引导。6．(2018·天津改编)________ I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents. 答案：What 本题考查名词性从句。句意：我想要告诉你的是我对我的父母的深深的爱与尊重。分析句子成分，is是系动词，the deep love and respect是表语，is前的从句为主语从句。在这个主语从句中，tell后要跟双宾语，所以tell you后缺一个宾语，名词性从句缺宾语，要用what 来引导主语从句。

7．(2018·新课标全国Ⅰ改编)Police have found ________ appears to be the lost ancient statue.

答案：what 本题考查宾语从句。句意：警察已发现看起来像那件丢失的古代雕像的东西。宾语从句中缺少主语，what“什么”，符合句意。

8．(2018·山东改编)It's good to know________the dogs will be well cared for while we are away.

答案：that 本题考查宾语从句。句意：知道在我们离开期间狗们会被好好照顾这很好。it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语；know后面跟宾语从句，从句中不缺少任何成分，故用that引导。

9．(2018·湖南改编)Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ________ close you may be to victory.

答案：how 考查宾语从句引导词的用法。句意：别为任何挫败而泄气，因为你无法知道你离成功有多近。此处用连接副词how引导宾语从句，how在从句中修饰形容词close，作程度状语。

10．(2018·北京改编)Experts believe ________ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.

答案：that 本题考查名词性从句的引导词。句意：专家认为只有必要的时候，人们才通过购物浪费少量的食品。分析结构可知，此处是experts believe作主句，that引导宾语从句，从句不缺少成分。11．(2018·陕西·15改编)________ the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather. 答案：when 句意：晚点的飞机何时起飞主要取决于天气情况。when引导的名词性从句作主语。根据语境和take off可知，所填词与时间有关，应选when。

12．(2018·天津·14改编)I think ________ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. 答案：what 句意：我认为他的油画给我的印象最深的是用色。此处what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。13．(2018·山东·7改编)It is difficult for us to imagine________life was like for slaves in the ancient world.

答案：what 句意：我们很难想象在古代社会奴隶们的生活是什么样的。此处用what引导宾语从句并在从句中作介词like的宾语。

14．(2018·湖南·24改编)As John Lennon once said，life is________ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.

答案：what 句意：正如约翰·列侬曾经说的，生活就是在你在忙于做出其他计划的时候发生在你身上的事情。考查名词性从句的连接词。根据句子结构可知，表语从句中缺少主语，且指“什么”的意思，应用what。15．(2018·四川·2改编)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said ，“That's ________ I was born.”答案：where 句意：奶奶指着那所医院说：“那就是我出生的地方”。由句子结构可知，此处缺少表示地点的副词，故用where。

16．(2018·浙江·8改编)“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is ________ my mother used to tell me.

答案：what 句意：母亲过去常常告诉我，“每次吃糖的时候，要喝点绿茶。”此处是由what引导的表语从句，因为表语从句中tell后面缺少宾语成分，所以用what来引导。

17．(2018·北京·30改编)The best moment for the football star was ________ he scored the winning goal. 答案：when 句意：对于这位足球明星来讲，最令人激动的一刻是他踢进了决胜一球的时刻。分析句子结构可知，空格后面的部分应该是一个表语从句，表语从句部分的成分完整，只是缺少连接词，根据前面的提示the best moment可以判断出连接词在后面的表语从句中应该作时间状语，所以when正确。

18．(2018·江苏·26改编)—What a mess! You are always so lazy!

—I'm not to blame, mum.I am ________ you have made me.

答案：what 句意：——“乱七八糟！你总是那么懒惰！”——“妈妈，我不该受谴责。我现在这样子正是你使我变成的。”分析句子结构可知，空处为表语从句引导词，并在从句中作make的宾语补足语，表示“什么”，故用what。

19．(2018·重庆·12改编)——Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday? —Yeah, but I have no idea ________ he did it; that's one of his favorite universities.

答案：why 句意：——“麦克昨天拒绝了耶鲁大学的入学邀请，是真的吗？”——“是真的，但我不知道他为什么这样做；那可是他最喜欢大学之一。”why he did it是对idea做解释说明。

20．(2018·安徽改编)From space, the earth looks blue. This is ________ about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.

答案：because 本题考查表语从句引导词。句意：从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为它的表面大约70%被水覆盖。because“因为”，后跟原因。That/This is because ...是固定句式，“这/那是因为……”。21．(2018·浙江改编)The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ________ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.

答案：that 本题考查同位语从句的引导词。句意：高层次的成功的唯一方法就是要相信在体育运动方面你比任何人都要强。分析结构可知，此处 belief后接了同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，用that引导。22．(2018·宁夏银川一中高三考试改编)Maybe all Americans realize that ________(who) they expect to be the next president will face masses of problems.

答案：whoever 或许所有的美国人都意识到无论他们期望谁当下一届总统，他都将面临诸多问题。“________ they expect to be the next president”是主语从句，从句中expect缺少宾语，再结合句意可知空处表示“无论谁”，故用whoever。

23．(2018·吉林长春三校高三调研改编)It is important to introduce children to healthy nutritious foods from ________ they begin to eat solids.

答案：when 句意：从孩子可以吃固体食物开始就引导他们食用健康营养的食物是很重要的。when在此引导宾语从句，作介词from的宾语，且在从句中作时间状语。

24．(2018·辽宁大连高三双基测试改编)—When choosing furniture, you only focus on function while I think more about the design.

—That's ________ we differ.

答案：where 句意：——“选家具时，你只关注功能而我却更多地考虑设计。”——“那就是我们不同的地方。”根据句意可知应用where，在表语从句中作地点状语。

25．(2018·甘肃兰州、靖远名校高三模拟改编)Telephone users sometimes complain about unreliable service and ______ they consider unfair charges.

答案：what 句意：电话用户有时抱怨服务不到位，还有他们认为不合理的收费。本句中的and连接了complain about的两个宾语，且空处在从句中作consider的宾语，因此选what。

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