研究生英语过关考试2005[1][1].1

A 卷

GENERAL ENGLISH QUALIFYING TEST FOR NON-ENGLISH MAJOR GRADUATE STUDENTS (GETJAN0905,2005.1) 2005.1

考试注意事项

一、本考试由两份试卷组成:试卷一(Paper One) 包括听力理解、词汇、完形填空与阅读理解四部分，共80题，按顺序统一编号;试卷二(Paper Two)包括翻译与写作两部分，共3题。

二、试卷一(题号1-80)为客观评分题(听力Section C部分除外)，答案一律用中性(HB)铅笔做在机读答题纸上，在对应题号下所选的字母中间划黑道，如[A][B][C][D]。

三、试卷二为主观评分题，答案做在ANSWER SHEET II上。答题前，请仔细阅读试卷二的注意事项。

四、试卷一、试卷二上均不得作任何记号，答案一律写在答题纸上，否则无效。

五、本考试全部时间为150分钟，采用试卷一与试卷二分卷计时的办法。

一试卷一考试时间为90分钟，听力理解部分以放完录音带为准，大约25分钟;其余部分共计时65分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。

一试卷二共计时60分钟，每部分所占时间均标在试卷上，考生可自行掌握。

六、试卷一与试卷二采取分别收卷的办法。每次终了时间一到，考生一律停笔，等候监考教师收点试卷及答题纸。全部考试结束后，须待监考教师将全部试卷及答题纸收点无误并宣布本考试结束，方可离开考场。

PAPER ONE

PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (25 minutes, 20 points)

Section A ( I point each)

Directions: In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be read only once. Choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter "with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine’ scoring Answer Sheet

1. A. He refuses to help the woman.

B. He can’t handle th e equipment by himself.

C. He thinks some other people can do it better.

D. He thinks the equipment is too heavy for the woman

2. A. His colleagues have contributed a lot. _

B. All of his colleagues congratulate him.

C. The award has been given to his colleagues.

D. He doesn't deserve the honor.

3. A. He dislikes Jack's name-

B. He doesn't care who Jack is.

C. He doesn’t know Jack well.

D. He dislikes Jack.

4. A. The man is cracking a joke on her

B. It is impossible to bay a genuine antique for so little money.

C. The man is out of his mind about the old vase-

D. The man has run into a great fortune.

5. A. He can't find a good idea about the problem.

B. He feels hopeless about the project

C. He has encountered another problem.

D. He is going to give up the protect

6. A. It was worthwhile.

B. It had a very tight schedule.

C. It was a waste of time.

D. it took him too much time on the road.

7. A. It's useless to talk to the professor.

B. The professor is often unfair.

C. The man has done well enough.

D. The man can't be better next time.

8. A. The man should not say things like that

B. The man should fight back.

G. The man should show his anger openly.

D. The man should not complain openly.

9. A. She was injured in the shoulder.

B. She disliked the people who attended the party.

C. She was laughed at for her behavior.

D. She was unpopular at the party.

Section B ( I point each)

Directions: In this section you will hear two mini talks. At the end of each talk, there will be some questions. Both the talks and the questions will be read to you only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must choose the best answer from the four choices given by marking the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.

Mini-Talk One

10. A. Improving the conditions of farm animals.

B. Increasing the production of farm animals.

C. Regulating the food marketing system

D. Regulating the food stores and restaurant chains.

I 1. A. Because they want to save more money.

B. Because they want the hens to lay more eggs.

C. Because they want the hens to grow more lean meat.

D. Because they want to sell the hens at a better price.

12. A. Chickens should be kept in clean places.

B. Pigs should be kept in large metal boxes.

C. Farm animals should be slaughtered in factories.

D. Farm animals should be killed without feeling pain.

Mini-talk Two

13. A. Under the mountains in the state of Nevada.

B. At the power centers in almost forty states.

C. Under the deep ocean.

D. Near the inactive volcanoes.

14. A. People object to burying it at the power centers.

B. The power centers have no more space to store it

C. It is very dangerous to bury it in populous areas.

D. The new site Is the estate of the federal government.

15. A. There are active volcanoes nearby.

B. Some people still live in the area.

C. The area is close to Las Vegas.

D. The area is geographically unsafe.

Section C (I point each)

Directions: In this section, you will hear a talk. Answer the questions below. You will hear the recording twice. At the end of the talk there will be a 3-minute pause, during which time you are asked to write down your answers briefly on the Answer Sheet. You now have 25 seconds to read the questions below.

（请在录音结束后把16－20题的答案抄写在答题纸上）

16．What percentage of plant and animal species on Earth do rain forests contain?

17. What critical role do rain forests play bosses being home (o animals and plants?

18. How much has global output of carbon dioxide increased in the past century?

19. To be classified as a rain forest, how should the trees look?

20. How large is the size of the rain forest in South America?

PART II VOCABULARY (10 minutes 10 points)

Section A (0.5 point each)

Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with one--word or phrase underlined. Below the sentence are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that is closest m meaning to the underlined one. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.

21. This student was expelled from school because he had forged some documents for overseas study.'

A. frustrated

B. formulated

C. fabricated

D. facilitated

22. Opinion polls suggest that the approval rate of the president is on the increase.

A. agreement

B. consensus

C. permission

D. support

23. A man of resolve will not retreat easily from setbacks or significant challenges.

A. pull out

B. pull up

C. pull in

D. pull over

24. As few household appliances are now perfect this minor defect is negligible.

A. detectable

B. trifling

C. inexcusable

D. magnificent

25. The U.S athletes topped the gold medal tally for the 3 straight time this summer.

A. direct

B. proceeding

C. vertical

D. successive

26. Despite tremendous achievement formidable obstacles to development will persist

A. difficult

B. sustainable

C. external

D. unpredictable

27. Moderate and regular exercise can boost the rate of blood circulation and metabolism.

A. restrict

B. reduce

C. increase

D. stabilize

28. The manager is seeking some cost-effective methods that can call forth their initiative.

A. efficient

B. conventional

C. economical

D. unique

29. The report proposes that students be allowed to work off their debt through

community service.

A. pay off

B. get off

C. dispose of

D. run off

30. It was a tragic love affair that only gave rise to pain.

A. brought forward

B. brought about

C. brought down

D. brought in

Section B (0.5 point each)

Directions: There are ten questions in this section. Each question is a sentence with something missing. Below each sentence ere four -words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose cue word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets.

31. As females in their 40s tend to _____ weight, they are to go in for outdoor activities.

A. take on

B. hold on

C. carry on

D. put on

32. The shop-owner took a loaf of_____ - crusted bread and handed it to the child.

A. fragile

B. crisp

C. vague

D. harsh

33. The excessive hospitality _____ the local officials failed to leave us assured.

A. on the point of

B. on the grounds of

C. on the advice of

D. on the part of

34. These intelligence. officers tried a _____ of persuasion and force to get the information

they wanted.

A. combination

B. collaboration

C. conviction

D. confrontation

35. The terminally impatient lying in the _____care unit was kept alive on life support

A. apprehensive

B. intensive

C. extensive

D. comprehensive

36. The very sound of our national anthem being played at the awarding ceremony is ______.

A. ice-breaking

B. eye-catching

C. painstaking

D. soul-touching

37. Leading universities in China prefer to enroll _____brilliant high school students.

A. intellectually

B. intelligibly

C. intelligently

D. intimately

38. When a heavy vehicle is _____in the mud, the driver has to ask for help.

A. involved

B. stuck

C. interfered

D. specialized

39. A risk or effect may diminish _____, but it may also increase for some reason.

A. at will

B. over time

C. under way

D. so far

40. It's in your best _____to quit smoking, for you have some breathing problems.

A. sake

B. benefit

C. advantage

D. interest

PART IV CLOZE TEST (10 minutes, 10 points, I point each)

Directions: There are 10 questions in this part of the test. Read the passage through' Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B. C. or D for each blank in the passage. Mark the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen with c single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.

"Techno-stress ----frustration arising from pressure to use new technology---is said to be__ 41___ reports MacLean’s magazine of Canada. Studies point to causes that __42__ "the never-ending process of learning how to use new technologies to the __41__of work and home life as a result of __ 44__ like e-mail, call-forwarding and wireless phones' How can you cope? Experts recommend setting __45__ . Determine whether using a particular device will really simplify life or merely add new __ 46__ , Count on having to invest time to learn a new technology well enough to realize its full benefits." __47__ time each day to turn the technology off," and devote time to other things afforded or deserving __ 48__ attention. "People start the day

by making the __49__mistake of opening their e-mail, instead of working to a plan,” notes Vancouver productivity expert Dan Stamp. "The best hour a half of the day is spent on complete __50___"

41 A descending B. narrowing C mounting D. widening

42. A. pass on B. range from C. deal with D. give up

43 A. confusion B. construction C. contribution D, conduction

44. A. creations B. promotions C. productions D. innovations

45. A. laws B. boundaries C. deadlines D. barriers

46. A. convenience B. advantage C. flexibility D. complexity

47. A. Put forward B. Put across C. Put aside D. Put up

48. A. prior B. major C. senior D. superior

49. A. fragmental B. fictional C. fractional D. fundamental

50. A. relaxation B. entertainment C. rubbish D. bobby

PART IV READING COMPREHENSION (45 minutes, 30 points, I point each) Directions: In this part of the test. there are five short passages. Read each passage carefully, and then do the questions that follow. Choose the best answer from the four choices given and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square. brackets on your machine-scoring Answer Sheet.

Passage One

The study of genetics has given rise to a profitable new industry called biotechnology. As the name suggests, it blends biology and modem technology through such techniques as genetic engineering. Some of the new biotech companies, as they are called, specialize in agriculture and are working enthusiastically to patent seeds that give a high yield, that resist disease, drought, and frost, and that reduce the need for hazardous chemicals. If such goals could be achieved, it would be most beneficial. But some have raised concerns about genetically engineered crops.

"In nature, genetic diversity is created within certain limits' says the book Genetic Engineering, Food, and Our Environment. "A rose can be crossed with a different kind of rose, but a rose will never cross with a potato.... Genetic engineering, on the other hand, usually involves taking genes from one species and inserting them into another in an attempt to transfer a desired property or character. This could mean, for example, selecting a gene which leads to the production of a chemical with antifreeze properties from an arctic fish, and joining it into a potato or strawberry to make it frost-resistant It is now possible for plants to be engineered with genes taken from bacteria, viruses, insects, animals or even humans." In essence, then, biotechnology allows human to break the genetic walls that separate species.

Like the green revolution, what some call the gene revolution contributes to the problem of genetic uniformity - some say even more so because geneticists can employ techniques such as cloning and tissue culture, processes that produce perfectly identical copies, or clones. Concerns about the erosion of biodiversity, therefore, remain. Genetically altered plants, however, raise new issues, such as the effects that they may have on us and the environment "We are flying blindly into a new era of agricultural biotechnology with high hopes, new constraints, and little idea of the potential outcomes," said science writer Jeremy Rifkin.

51. According to the author, biotech companies are_______.

A. mostly specialized in agriculture

B. those producing seeds of better properties

C- mainly concerned about the genetically engineered crops

D. likely to have big returns in their business

52. Now biotech products are made_______.

A. within the limits of natural genetics

B. by violating laws of natural genetics

C. without the interference of humans

D. safer than those without the use of biotechnology

53. In nature, genetic diversity is created_______.

A. by mixing different species

B. within the species itself

C. through natural selection

D. through selection or contest

54. Biotechnology has made it possible _______.

A. for us to solve the food shortage problem in the world

B. for plants to be produced with genes of humans

C. for humans to assume the cold-resistant property

D. to grow crops with the taste of farm animals

55. According to the author, with the development of biotechnology ___ ___.

A. the species of creatures will be reduced

B. our living environment will be better than it is now

C. humans will pay for its side effect

D. we will suffer from fewer and fewer diseases

56. The author's attitude towards genetic engineering can be best described as

A. optimistic

B. pessimistic

C. concerned

D. suspicious

Passage Two

The practice of capital punishment is as old as government itself. For most of history, it has not been considered controversial. Since ancient times most governments have punished a wide variety of crimes by death and have conducted executions as a routine part of the administration of criminal law. However, in the mid-18th century, social critics in Europe began to emphasize the worth of the individual and to criticize government practices they considered unjust, including capital punishment The controversy and debate over whether governments should utilize tee death penalty continue today.

The first significant movement to abolish the death penalty began during the era known as the Age of Enlightenment. In 1764 Italian, jurist and philosopher Cesare Beccaria published An Essay on Crimes and Punishments. Many consider this influential work the leading document in the early campaign against capital punishment. Other individuals who campaigned against executions during this period include French authors V oltaire and Denis Diderot, British philosophers David Hume and Adam Smith, and political theorist Thomas Paine in the United States

Critics of capital punishment argue that it is cruel and inhumane, while supporters consider it a necessary form of revenge for terrible crimes. Those who advocate the death penalty declare

that it is a uniquely effective punishment that prevents crime- However, advocates and opponents of the death penalty dispute the proper interpretation of statistical analyses of its preventing effect Opponents of capital punishment see the death penalty as a human rights issue involving the proper limits of governmental power. In contrast, those who want governments to continue to execute tend to regard capital punishment as an issue of criminal justice policy. Because of these alternative viewpoints, there is a profound difference of opinion not only about what is the right answer on capital punishment, but also about what type of question is being asked when the death penalty becomes a public issue.

57. We can learn from the first paragraph that in ancient times _______-

A- death penalty had been carried out before government came into being

B- people thought it was right for the government to conduct executions

C- death penalty was practiced scarcely in European countries

D- many people considered capital punishment unjust and cruel

58. Why was capital punishment questioned in the mid-18th century in Europe?

A- People began to criticize their government.

B- The government was unjust in this period.

C- People began to realize the value of life.

D. social critics were very active at that time.

59. Italian jurist and philosopher Cesare Beccaria _

A. was the first person to question the rightness of death penalty

B. was regarded as an important author criticizing capital punishment

C. was the first person who emphasized the worth of the individuals

D. first raised the theory against capital punishment

60. Critics of capital punishment insist that it _______.

A. violates human rights regulations

B. is an ineffective punishment of the criminals

C. is just the revenge for terrible crimes

D. involves killing without mercy

61. The advocates and opponents of the death penalty _______.

A. agree that it is a human rights issue

B. agree that it can prevent crimes

C. explain its statistical analyses differently

D. think that they an* asked different types of questions

62. The author's attitude towards capital punishment can be summarized as

A. supportive

B. critical

C. neutral

D. contradictory

D. social critics were very active at that time.

Passage Three

Bears mostly live alone, except for mothers and their babies, and males and females during mating season. Bears form temporary groups only in exceptional circumstances, when food is plentiful in a small area. Recent evidence also suggests that giant pandas may form small social groups, perhaps because bamboo is more concentrated than the patchy food resources of other

bear species. Other bears may live alone but exist in a social network. A male and female may live in an area partly shared in common--although they tolerate each other, each defends its range from other bears of the same sex. Male young usually leave their mothers to live in other areas, but female young often live in a rang-- that is commonly shared with that of their mother.

The key to a bear's survival is finding enough food to satisfy the energy demands of its large size. Bears travel over huge territories in search of food, and they remember the details of the landscape they cover. They use their excellent memories to return to locations when they have had success finding food in past years or seasons. Most bears are able to climb trees to chase small animals or gain access to additional plant vegetation. The exceptions are polar bears and large adult brown bears--their heavy weight makes it difficult for them to climb trees.

Bears that live in regions with cold winters spend the coldest part of the year asleep in sheltered dens, including brown bears, American and Asiatic black bears, and female polar bears- Pregnant females give birth in the winter in the protected surroundings of these dens. After fattening up during the summer and fall when food is abundant, the bears go into this winter home to conserve energy during the part of the year when food is scarce. Winter sleep differs from hibernation in that a bear is easily aroused from sleep. In addition, a bear's body temperature drops only a few degrees in its winter sleep. In contrast, a true hibernator undergoes more extensive changes in bodily functions. For instance, the body temperature of the Arctic ground squirrel drops from 38C to as low as-3C.

63. Most bears live alone because _______.

A. they don't want to keep a social network

B. each bear feeds on different kinds of food

C. male and female bears can't tolerate each other

D. they don't want other bears to share their food

64. According to the passage, bears of the same sex ________.

A. can get along with each other peacefully

B. share their range with each other

C. live in an area partly shared in common '

D. cannot live peacefully in the same area

65. As is told about bears in the passage, we know that ____ __.

A. it is easy for bears to find enough food if they can climb trees

B. a bear can long remember where it has found food

C. all except polar bears are able to climb trees to catch their prey

D. all except polar bears and adult brown bears feed on small animals

66. Bears sleep in their sheltered dens in cold winter because _______.

A. their babies need to be born in a cold and protected surrounding

B. they need to fatten themselves up in the cold season

C. they need to convert their fat into energy in winter

D. they cannot find enough food in the cold season

67. Winter sleep differs from hibernation in that _______.

A. animals in hibernation don't wake up easily

B. animals in hibernation are aroused regularly for energy supply

C. the body temperature of animals in winter sleep doesn't change

D. animals in winter sleep experience drastic changes in bodily functions

68. The passage is mainly about _______.

A. the species of bears

B. the food category of bears

C. the winter sleep of bears

D. the behavior of bears

Passage Four

The young man who came to the door--he was about thirty, perhaps, with a handsome, smiling face--didn't seem to find my lateness offensive, and led me into a large room. On one side of the room sat half a dozen women, all in white; they were much occupied with a beautiful baby, who seemed to belong to the youngest of the women. On the other side of the room sat seven or eight men, young, dressed in dark suits, very much at ease, and very imposing. The sunlight came into the room with the peacefulness that one remembers from rooms in one’s early childhood--a sunlight encountered later only in one's dreams. I remember being astounded by the quietness, the ease, the peace, and the taste. I was introduced, they greeted me with a genuine cordiality and respect --and the respect increased my fright, for it meant that they expected something of me that I knew in my heart, for their sakes, I could not give--and we sat down. Elijah Muhammad was not in the room. Conversation was slow, but not as stiff as I had feared it would be. They kept it going, for I simply did not know winch subjects I could acceptably bring up- They knew more about me and had read more of what I had written, than I had expected, and I wondered what they made of it all, what they took my usefulness to be. The women were carrying on their own .conversation, in low tones; I gathered that they were not expected to take part in male conversations. A few women kept coming in and out of the room, apparently making preparations for dinner. WK, the men, did not plunge deeply into any subject, for, clearly, we were all waiting for the appearance of Elijah. Presently, the men, one by one, left the room and returned. Then I was asked if I would like to wash, and I, too, walked (town the 'hall to the bathroom. Shortly after I came back, we stood up, and Elijah entered. I do not know what I had expected to see. I had read some of his speeches, and had heard fragments of others on the radio and on television, so I associated him with strength. But, no--the man who came into the room was small and slender, really very delicately put together, with a thin face, large warm eyes, and a most winning smile. Something came into the room with him--his worshipers' joy at seeing him, his joy at seeing them. It was the kind of encounter one watches with a smile simply because it is so rare that people enjoy one another.

69. Which of the following is the best alternative word for "imposing" (line 6)?

A. Enthusiastic

B. Hostile

C. Impressive

D. Anxious

70. Which word best describes the atmosphere in the room?

A. Tranquil

B. Solemn

C. Chaotic

D. Stressful

71. How did the author feel when he was greeted with respect?

A. Delighted

B. Astonished

C. Embarrassed

D. Scared

72. Which of the following statements is true about the author?

A. He talked little.

B. He was puzzled.

C. He enjoyed the conversation.

D. He got more reject than he deserved

73. The men didn't get deeply involved in any subject because they

A. had little knowledge

B. didn't know ore another well

C. wanted to relax themselves

D. awaited the arrival of someone important

74. What can we learn about Elijah?

A. He was admired by others.

B. He was very handsome-

C. He was a man with determination.

D. He was happy to give speeches.

Passage Five

Singapore's Mixed Reality Lab is working on new ways of interacting with computers, including wearable devices and a virtual war room that will allow officials to work together online as if they were all in one place. Its director is a spiky-haired Australian, a postmodem match for the fictional British agent James Bond's tool man. Q. It is funded by the Defense Science & Technology Agency, which controls half the $5 billion defense budget, and sponsors hundreds of research projects every year. The agency came to worldwide attention last year when it took just one day to customize a thermal scanner in order to detect travelers with high fever, helping to stem the spread of SARS.

DSTA is now working on a range of projects that are attracting attention in both the commercial and military worlds. It devised an air-conditioning system that harnesses melting ice and cool seawater to conserve electricity at the new Changi Naval Base, and could have broad civilian applications.

Singapore can easily afford Western hardware, but off-the-shelf products are often unsuitable for the tropical conditions in Southeast Asia. For example, the DSTA is funding development of an anti-chemical-weapons suit that works not as a shield, but as a sort of weapon. The Singaporean garments, made of a revolutionary plastic-like material that is much lighter and cooler than traditional fabrics, actually degrade suspect substances on contact.

Much of the agency's work is geared toward helping this resource-poor city-state overcome its natural limitations, says its director of R&D, William Lau Yue Khei. Conserving manpower is one of the agency's most critical assignments, because Singapore is a nation of 4 million people dwarfed by larger neighbors, including Indonesia and Malaysia. Right now, the biggest DSTA project is computerizing a stealth warship so that it can run on half the usual crew. Making equipment lighter is a particular agency specialty, because the universal military rule of thumb is that a soldier should carry no more than one third his body weight, and that means that smaller Singaporean soldiers should carry no more than 24 kilos, or 20 percent less than Europeans, says DSTA project manager Choo Hui Weing. One such program: the Advanced Combat Man System, has produced a lightweight hand guard that controls an integrated laser range finder, digital compass and a targeting camera. Top that, Q.

75. It can be inferred from the passage that Q is probably _____.

A. a mechanic in James Bond's garage

B. a fictional Australian with spiky hair

C. a director of the Advanced Combat Man System

D. an imaginary engineer who invents advanced equipment

76. Which of the following statements concerning DSTA is NOT true?

A. It became world-known for its high efficiency m preventing the SARS spread.

B. It funds numerous research programs, including Mixed Reality Lab.

C. It devised an air-conditioning system now widely used in households.

D. It takes credit for conserving electricity at the new Changi Naval Base*

77. The suit described in the third paragraph can be used as a sort of weapon mainly

because________

A. It is made of a new material resembling plastics

B. it can reduce harmful effects of chemicals on it

C. it has been adapted to the tropical weather there

D. its light weight allows soldiers to carry more equipment

78. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a disadvantage of Singapore?

A. Smaller soldiers.

B. Smaller population.

C. Limited defense budget.

D. Limited natural resources.

79. The Advance Combat Man System is mentioned in the last paragraph mainly to show

A. what DSTA has done to meet the country’s special needs

B. how sophisticated the equipments designed by DSTA can be

C. why it is difficult for Q to compete with Choo Hui Weing

D. how Singapore's technology is superior to that of the British

80. The main purpose of the passage is to______.

A. analyze Singapore's defense system -

B. summarize the contributions of DSTA

C. introduce the technical advantages of a small country

D. describe the roles and achievements of a government agency

PAPER TWO

一、本试卷(Paper Two) 答案一律写在答题纸II (Answer Sheet II )上，草稿纸上的答题内容一律不予计分。

二、中、英文尽可能做到字迹清晰，书写工整，疏密相间均匀，字体大小适当。

三、英文作文必须逐行书写，不得隔行或跳行。

PART V TRANSLATION (30 minutes, 20 points)

Section A (15 minutes, 10 points)

Directions:: Put the following paragraph into Chinese. Write your Chinese version in the proper space on Answer Sheet II

Quitting smoking is more of a matter of willpower than of individual choice, for smoking is widely recognized as addictive. Although counseling and medication can increase the odds that a smoker quits permanently, the best way to avoid dilemmas is never to take up smoking to begin with. The irreversible effects of cigarette smoking vary in intensity and are related both to the amount and duration of exposure and the age at which the person is initially exposed. This report challenges the notion that a few years of exposure to smoking will have no lasting harmful consequences* We hope to discourage this prevalent but vital habit and suggest that tobacco-related health effects decline substantially as time away from smoking Increases- Section B (15 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: Put the following paragraph into English. Write your English version in the

proper space on Answer Sheet IL

人们越来越意识到开发环保型产品的重要性。为实现长期可持续发展，发达国家应不借代价减少温室气体的掂放。如果目前全球变暖的速度保持不变，东京和伦敦等大城市从地球上消失的可能性将是20年前的10倍。

PART VI WRITING (30 minutes, 10 points)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 words under the title of "Knowledge from books and knowledge from experience " Your composition should be based on the following outline:

1. Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books*

2. Explain which source is more important?

2005 年1月答案

Test A

1－5：BADBA 6－10：DACDA 11－15：BDBBD 16－20：

21－25：CDABD 26－30：ACCAB 31－35：DBDAB 36－40：DABBD

41－45：CBADB 46—50：DCADC 51－55：DBBBA 56－60：ＣＢＣＢＤ61－65：CCDDB 66－70：DADCCA 71－75：DADAD 76－89：CBCAB

16. (as high as) 90%

17. global climate regulation/lessening impact of carbon dioxide

18. nearly 30%

19. the tree tops must touch each other

20.3.5million square kilometers /3.5msqkm

Test B

1－5：ABCAB 6－10：CBDCB 11－15：ACAAC 16－20：

21—25：ABCDA 26－30：BDACC 31－35：BDDBD 36－40：ABDAB

41－45：DABCA 46－50：ADBCD 51－55：DDBDA 56－60：DDBBD

61－65：ACBCB 66－70：BCABC 71－75：BCABC 76－80：ADADA

1.英译汉

人们普遍认为吸烟成瘾，所以戒烟主要是意志力的问题，而不是个人选择的问题（与

其说戒烟时个人选择的问题，不如说是意志力的问题。虽然就医和药物治疗能增加永久戒烟的概率，但避免进退两难的最好方法是一开始就不吸烟。

吸烟带来的不可逆的影响程度不同，且与烟瘾和烟龄（;年头）有关，:也与最初接触

烟的年龄有关。本报告挑战的是一种现点，即几年的吸烟史不会产生长期的不良后果。我们希望劝说人们不要染上此常上但致命的习惯，并指出随着戒烟时间的增加，烟草对健康产生的影响就会大幅度减少。

People have become increasingly aware of the importance of developing environmentally friendly (pollution-free ) products. For the sake of longstanding sustainable development, developed countries are to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases at any cost.

If the current rate of global H-arming continues, big cities, such as Tokyo and London, are ten Times more likely to disappear from the earth as twenty years ago.

汉译英

1. By trial and error the scientist proves that the optimist feels in control of his own life. If things are going badly, he acts quickly, looking for solutions, forming a plan of action, and reaching out for advice.

2. Today one of the unhealthy trends is that many people spend much money just trying to keep up with Joneses. This objectively opens up the market to tastemakers indeed.

3. Don't spend and waste your lives accumulating objects that will only turn to dust and ashes. Pursue not so much the material as the idea!..

4. Every one is tired of him , because he is always telling his story with a lot of embroidery. That is why his colleagues discount what he is saying.

5. We must orient our work and study to national and people's livelihood, because we know that some unemployed workers were confronted with a maze of perils, besides hunger and cold. Death lay in wait for them at every turn.

6. After long years of unfailing toiling. groping and experimenting as well as countless failure, you are now on the way to success.

05 年6月

1－5：ACBAD 6－10：ABBAB 11－15：CDBAD 16－20：

16. in cinema, theater and concert halls

17. 30 meters

18. more attractive

19. surrounding streets

20. a six-month prison sentence

研究生英语期末考试作文,

long-distance education long-distance education, It is called network education in the file that released by department of education has introduced some , or called contemporary and long-range education network education. It refers to the use of TV and the Internet and other media teaching mode, the remote education is a very popular teaching model, because it broke through the time and space boundaries, accommodation in the school is different from the traditional teaching mode. Using this kind of teaching model of students, do not need to a specific location, anywhere. Students can also through television and radio, Internet, coaching line, a variety of different methods, such as mutual learning. Online learning has superior side, there are also some disadvantages. Learners can not adapt to the network teaching mode. Network education lack of interactivity and authenticity. On the BBS of the remote education, many netizens agree that network education's biggest drawback is the lack of interactivity and authenticity. In network education, between students and students, between students and the teacher only through BBS, E-mail or other network communication tools to communicate, people had built up a relationship is a kind of virtual environment of interpersonal relationships, interpersonal communication gradually from direct to indirect, from the diversification to the simplification, lost the traditional relationship between university students directly group consciousness gradually indifference. Education of students by this way, the collective idea and the spirit of solidarity and collaboration as generally traditional college students, is not conducive to the development of individuals and society.

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研究生英语期末考试试卷

ad if 命 封 线 密

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The shift counters longstanding assumptions that TV shows produced in the United States would continue to overshadow locally produced shows from Singapore to Sicily. The changes are coming at a time when the influence of the United States on international affairs has annoyed friends and foes alike, and some people are expressing relief that at least on television American culture is no longer quite the force it once was. “There has always been a concern that the image of the world would be shaped too much by American culture,” said Dr. Jo Groebek, director general of the European Institu te for the Media, a non-profit group. Given the choice, he adds, foreign viewers often prefer homegrown shows that better reflect local tastes, cultures and historical events. Unlike in the United States, commercial broadcasting in most regions of the world －including Asia, Europe, and a lesser extent Latin America, which has a long history of commercial TV －is a relatively recent development. A majority of broadcasters in many countries were either state-owned or state-subsidized for much of the last century. Governments began to relax their control in the 1980’s by privatizing national broadcasters and granting licenses to dozens of new commercial networks. The rise of cable and satellite pay-television increased the spectrum of channels. Relatively inexperienced and often financed on a shoestring, these new commercial stations needed hours of programming fast. The cheapest and easiest way to fill airtime was to buy shows from American studios, and the bidding wars for popular shows were fierce. The big American studios took advantage of that demand by raising prices and forcing foreign broadcasters to buy less popular programs if they wanted access to the best-selling shows and movies. “The studio priced themselves out of prime time,” said Harry Evans Sloan, chairman of SBS Broadcasting, a Pan-European broadcaster. Mr. Sloan estimates that over the last decade, the price of American programs has increased fivefold even as the international ratings for these shows have declined. American broadcasters are still the biggest buyers of American-made television shows, accounting for 90% of the $25 billion in 2001 sales. But international sales which totaled $2.5 billion last year often make the difference between a profit and a loss on show. As the pace of foreign sales slows －the market is now growing at 5% a year, down from the double-digit growth of the 1990’s －studio executives are rethinking production costs. 6. Which of the following best characterizes the image embodied in American shows? A. Self-contradictory B. Prejudice-free C. Culture-loaded D. Audience-targeted 7. The intervention of governments in the 1980’s resulted in __________ . A. the patenting of domination shows and movies B. the emergence of new commercial networks C. the promotion of cable and satellite pay-television D. the intense competition coming from the outside 8. The phrase “on a shoestring” (Para. 6) most probably means __________. A. in need of capital B. after a fashion C. on second thoughts D. in the interests of themselves 9. The main reason why American dramas and sitcoms are driven out of prime time is that ____. A. they lose competitiveness B. they are not market-oriented C. they are too much priced D. they fall short of audience expectations 10. American studio producers will give thought to production costs __________. A. if they have no access to popular shows B. because their endeavors come to no avail C. since bidding wars are no longer fierce D. as international sales pace slows down Passage Three How shops can exploit people's herd mentality to increase sales 1. A TRIP to the supermarket may not seem like an exercise in psychological warfare—but it is. Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they had intended. Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors. Now researchers are investigating how “swarm intelligence” (th at is，how ants，bees or any social animal，including humans，behave in a crowd) can be used to influence what people buy. 2. At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome，Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani，a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology，described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon. Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted: for instance，by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store，forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them. Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes，also of the Florida Institute of Technology, set out to enhance this tendency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct. The idea is that, if a certain product is seen to be popular, shoppers are likely to choose it too. The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying. 3. Enter smart-cart technology. In Mr Usmani's supermarket every product has a radio frequency identification tag, a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information，and every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer. As a customer walks past a shelf of goods, a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high, he is more likely to select it too.

()研究生英语水平能力测试样卷1

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研究生英语期末考试 选择(缩印版)

一.同义词 16.Children may ridicule other children new to a neighborhood. A. make fun of 17.It is useless to attempt to flee from every danger, some risks must be taken. C. run away 18.Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other drawbacks. B. disadvantages 19.Magazines are the fifth most important advertising medium, and magazine advertising requires a substantial investment from advertisers. D. considerable 20.Efforts to ameliorate housing conditions for the poor were halted because government funds were cut off. C. improve 21.Because of the close collaboration of architect and builder, the building was completed ahead of schedule. B. joint work 22.After World War , the Vietnamese believed that the French would allow them to be an autonomous people. A. self-governing 23.Physical well-being presupposes that one should vary his diet and often have some wholesome food. C. healthful 24.The layout of the book, with the text on the left and the notes on the right, makes it a pleasure to use. B. arrangement 25.A child leaving home before he is ready is analogous to bird trying to leave the nest before it can fly. D. similar 单选 26.He had always been oblivious to the way Ruth looked, and had never once paid her a compliment. 27.I like the professor's lecture because he amplified his lecture with some vivid slide shows. 28.On the seminar the historians still cannot agree on the date on which the particular war commenced . 29.Despite the news that her son had been dead years ago, she still clung to the hope that he would return some day. 30.During the night a person's temperature may drop one or two degrees, and it can be difficult to arouse him in the morning if his body hasn't become hot yet. 31.The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more at stake. 32.Man often wonders how the earth evolved from a hot, violent birth to the celebrated watery planet that stands out in pictures from space. 33.When business is depressed , there is usually an obvious increase in unemployment. 34.Social structure organization is simply the way that people, groups, and institutions are organized with respect. to one another. 35.One of the reasons for his popularity in our village is that he asks after almost everyone every time when he comes back from the big city. 二.同义词 16.The winner was deprived of his gold medal because he was found to have taken stimulants before the race. C. was deprived of 17.The army launched a major assault against the rebel army and many citizens joined the army. A. attack 18.Because Charles had forgotten his key, he was locked out. B. unable to in 19.His behavior had been perturbing me more than had cared to admit. D. troubling 20.Lighting levels are carefully controlled to fall within an acceptable level for optimal reading convenience. A. ideal 21It is said that you can intimidate your enemies by speaking in a low voice and carrying a big stick. C. frighten 22 .If you know in advance that the examination is going to be easy, you have no incentive to study very much. D. motive 23.The soldier discovers martial stirrings in his breast as he puts on his uniform. B. excitement 24.Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other drawbacks. C. disadvantages 25.You'll succeed in the final examination if you stick to your belief that you are not a failure. A. adhere to 单选 26Care should be taken to decrease the length of time that one is subjected to loud continuous noise. 27.The teacher set up those obstacles for no other purpose than to challenge the students to overcome them. 28.The police who was lack of experiences was completely, taken in by the thief's disguise. 29.My aunt wound a brightly-colored thread round her finger so as not to forget her appointment. 30.They could not go to the theater together because his free time never coincides with hers. 31.A (n) personnel manager has a variety of role relations with people occupying related statuses. 32.This is a difficult job that needs to be tackled whole-heartedly-not ply at. 33.The curtain had risen hardly when shot startled the audience. 34.He would go to endless trouble to help anyone he thought worthy of encouragement. 35.Some professors prefer to control discussion while others prefer to guide the class without dominating it. 三.同义词 16. If you know in advance that the examination is going to be easy, you have no incentive to study very much. B. motive 17.The mother soothed the disappointed child and then promised to take him on a picnic as soon as it stopped raining. D. comforted 18.It is not easy to remain tranquil when events suddenly change your life. C. calm 19.Sales are an accurate gauge of a book's popularity rather than a representation of it's real value. A. criterion 20.Because Charles had forgotten his key, he was locked out. D. unable to in 21.The army launched a major assault against the rebel army and many citizens joined the army. B. attack 22.The winner was deprived of his gold medal because he was found to have taken stimulants before the race. A. was deprived of 23.At the international conference on the nuclear weapons several dissenting statements were made. D. opposing 24.The dominant theme is of tranquility and peacefulness. C. major 25.A conservative person opposes change and too many new ideas. A. unprogressive 单选 26.It is very likely that the Martian will also be adapted to underground existence, for conditions are much more equable underground. 27.The medicine scientists discovered that the prime reason for her lung cancer is excessive smoking. 28.The interviewer interpreted the applicant's late arrival as a sign of disorganization, undependability or lack of interest in the job. 29.After about an early age of 13, perceptions have already been formed and ambitions cast. 30.South Africa's black majority got its first real say in governing early last December. 31.Technology has facilitated the sharing of information and the storage and 32.delivery of information, thus making more information available to more people. 32.Jack is the very person who can be entrusted with either money or secret information. 33.He stopped the car so abruptly that he was hit by the car behind him. 34.The black people launched civil movement, struggling for abolition of slavery. 35.After a long journey, the tourists who experienced danger and hardship reached their destination at length.