高英第二册期末复习资料
The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys, no women –threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wailing a short chant over and over again. What really appeals to the files is that the corpses here are never put into coffins, they are merely wrapped in a piece of rag and carried on a rough wooden bier on the shoulders of four friends. When the friends get to the burying-ground they hack an oblong hole a foot or two deep, dump the body in it and fling over it a little of the dried-up, lumpy earth, which is like broken brick. No gravestone, no name, no identifying mark of any kind. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. After a month or two no one can even be certain where his own relatives are buried.
一支人数不多的送葬队伍——其中老少尽皆男性，没有一个女的——沿着集贸市场，从一堆堆石榴摊子以及出租汽车和骆驼中间挤道而行，一边走着一边悲痛地重复着一支短促的哀歌。苍蝇之所以群起追逐是因为在这个地方死人的尸首从不装进棺木，只是用一块破布裹着放在一个草草做成的木头架子上，有四个朋友抬着送葬。朋友们到了安葬场后，便在地上挖出一个一二英尺深的长方形坑，将尸首往坑里一倒。再扔一些像碎砖头一样的日、干土块。不立墓碑，不留姓名，什么识别标志都没有。坟场只不过是一片土丘林立的荒野，恰似一片已废弃不用的建筑场地。一两个月过后，就谁也说不准自己的亲人葬于何处了。
When you go through the Jewish quarters you gather some idea of what the medieval ghettoes were probably like. Under their Moorish rules the Jews were only allowed to own land in certain restricted areas, and after centuries of this kind of treatment they have ceased to bother about overcrowding. Many of the streets are a good deal less than six feet wide, the houses are completely windowless, and sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers. like clouds of flies. Down the center of the street there is generally running a little river of urine.
当你走过这儿的犹太人聚居区时，你就会知道中世纪犹太人区大概是个什么样子。在摩尔人的统治下，犹太人只能在划定的一些地区内保有土地。受这样的待遇经过了好几个世纪后，他们已经不再为拥挤不堪而烦扰了。这儿很多街道的宽度远远不足六英尺，房屋根本没有窗户，眼睛红肿的孩子随处可见，多的像一群群苍蝇，数也数不清。街上往往是尿流成河。
It is only because of this that the starved countries of Asia and Africa are accepted as tourist resorts. No one would think of running cheap trips to the Distressed Areas. But where the human beings have brown skins their poverty is simply not noticed. What does Morocco mean to a Frenchman? An orange grove or a job in Government service. Or to an Englishman? Camels, castles, palm trees, Foreign Legionnaires, brass trays, and bandits. Once could probably live there for years without noticing that for nine-tenths of the people the reality of life is an endless back-breaking struggle to wring a little food out of an eroded soil.
正因如此，贫穷至极的亚非国家反倒成了旅游观光的胜地。没有谁会有兴趣到本地的贫困地区去作依次毫无价值的旅行。但在那些居住着褐色皮肤的人的地方，他们的贫困却根本没有人能注意大批。摩洛哥对于一个法国人来说意味着什么呢？无非是一个能买到橘子圆或者谋取一份政府差使的地方。对于一个英国人呢？不过是骆驼、城堡、棕榈树、外籍兵团、黄铜盘子和匪徒等富于浪漫色彩的字眼而已。就算是在那儿呆过多年的人也未必会注意得到，对于当地百分之九十的居民来说，现实生活只意味着永无休止、劳累至极的斗争，其目的是从贫瘠的土壤中费力地弄出点吃的来。
This kind of thing makes one‘s blood boil, whereas –on the whole –the plight of the human
beings does not. I‘m not commenting, merely pointing to a fact. People with brown skins are next door to invisible. Anyone can be sorry for the donkey with its galled back, but it is generally owing to some kind of accident if one even notices the old woman under her load of sticks.
这种事情当然令人发指，可是，一般说来，人的苦难却没人理会。我并非在乱发议论，只不过是指出一个事实而已。这种人简直就是一种无影无行之物。一头背上被磨得皮破肉烂的驴子人人见了都会同情，而那驮着大捆柴草的老妇人则往往要有某种偶然因素才会受到注意。
They were Senegalese, the blackest Negroes in Africa, so black that sometimes it is difficult to see whereabouts on their necks the hair begins. Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms their feet squashed into boots that looked like blocks of wood, and every tin hat seemed to be a couple of sizes too small. It was very hot and the men had marched a long way. They slumped under the weight of their packs and the curiously sensitive black faces were glistening with sweat.
他们是塞内加尔人，是非洲肤色最黑的人——黑得简直难以看清他们颈项上的头发从何处生起。他们健硕的身躯罩在旧的卡其布制服里面，脚上套着一双看上去像块木板似的靴子，每个人头上戴着的钢盔似乎都小了一两号。天气正热,队伍已经走了很长一段路，士兵们都被沉重的包袱压得疲惫不堪，敏感得出奇的黑脸颊上汗水闪闪发光。
It was curious really. Every white man there had this thought stowed somewhere or other in his mind. I had it, so had the other onlookers, so had the officers on their sweating chargers and the white N.C.Os marching in the ranks. It was a kind of secret which we all knew and were too clever to tell; only the Negroes didn‘t know it. And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefully up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper.
真是怪有意思的。在场的每一个白人心里都有着这样一个共同的心思。我有，其他旁观者也有，骑在汗涔涔的战马上的军官们有，走在队伍中的白人军士也有。这是大家心里都明白而有彼此心照不宣的秘密，只有那些黑人对此尚茫然不知。看着这列一两英里长的队伍静静地向前开进，真好像看着一群牛羊一样，而那掠过它们头顶、朝着相反方向高翔的大白鹳恰似片片碎纸在空中泛着点点银光。
The charm of conversation is that it does not really start from anywhere, and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. The enemy of good conversation is the person who has ―something to say‖. Conversation is not for making a point. Argument may often be a part of it, but the purpose of the argument is no to convince. There is no winning in conversation. In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are prepared to lose. Suddenly they see the moment for one of their best anecdotes, but in a flash the conversation has moved on and the opportunity is lost. They are ready to let it go.
闲谈的引人入胜之处就在于它没有一个事先定好的话题。它时而迂回流淌，时而奔腾起伏，时而火花四射，时而热情洋溢，话题最终会扯到什么地方去谁也拿不准。要是有人觉得“有些话要说”，那定会大煞风景，使闲聊无趣。闲聊不是为了进行争论。闲聊中常常会有争论，不过其目的并不是为了说服对方。闲聊之中是不存在什么输赢胜负的。事实上，真正善于闲聊的人往往是随时准备让步的。也许他们偶然间会觉得该把自己最得意的奇闻轶事选出一件插进来讲一讲，但一转眼大家已谈到别处去了，插话的机会随之而失，他们也就听之任之。
Perhaps it is because of my upbringing in English pubs that I think bar conversation has a charm of its own. Bar friends are not deeply involved in each others‘ lives. They are companions, not intimates. The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern. They are like the musketeers of Dumas, who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into each other s‘ lives or the recess of their thoughts and feelings.
或许是由于我从小混迹于英国小酒馆的缘故吧，我觉得酒瞎里的闲聊别有韵味。酒馆里的朋友对别人的生活毫无了解，他们只是临时凑到一起来的，彼此并无深交。他们之中也许有人面临婚因破裂，或恋爱失败，或碰到别的什么不顺心的事儿，但别人根本不管这些。他们就像大仲马笔下的三个火枪手一样，虽然日夕相处，却从不过问彼此的私事，也不去揣摸别人内心的秘密。
It was on such an occasion the other evening, as the conversation moved desultorily here and there, from the most commonplace to thoughts of Jupiter, without any focus and with no need for one, that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all at once there was a focus. I do not remember what made one of our companions say it – she clearly had not come into the bar to say it. It was not something that was pressing on her mind – but her remark fell quite naturally into the talk.
有一天晚上的情形正是这样。人们正漫无边际地东扯西拉，从最普通的凡人俗事谈到有关木星的科学趣闻。谈了半天也没有一个中心话题，事实上也不需要有一个中心话题。可突然间大伙儿的话题都集中到了一处，中心话题奇迹般地出现了。我记不起她那句话是在什么情况下说出来的——她显然不是预先想好把那句话带到酒馆里来说的，那也不是什么非说不可的要紧话——我只知道她那句话是随着大伙儿的话题十分自然地脱口而出的。
―Someone told me the other day that the phrase, ?the King‘s English‘, was a term of criticism, that it means language which one should not properly use.
“几天前，我听到一个人说‘标准英语’这个词语是带贬义的批评用语，指的是人们应该尽量避免使用的英语。”
Someone took one of the best-known of examples, which is still always worth the reconsidering. When we talk of meat on our tables we use French words; when we speak of the animals from which the meat comes we use Anglo-Saxon words. It is a pig in its sty; it is pork (porc) on the table. They are cattle in the fields, but we sit down to beef (boeuf). Chickens become poultry (poulet), and a calf becomes veal (veau). Even if our menus were not written in French out snobbery, the English we used in them would still be Norman English. What all this tells us is of a deep class rift in the culture of England after the Norman conquest.
有人举出了一个人所共知，但仍值得提出来发人深思的例子。我们谈到饭桌上的肉食时用法语词，而谈到提供这些肉食的牲畜时则用盎格鲁一撒克逊词。猪圈里的活猪叫pig，饭桌上吃的猪肉便成了pork(来自法语pore)；地里放牧着的牛叫cattle，席上吃的牛肉则叫beef(来自法语boeuf)；Chicken用作肉食时变成poultry(来自法语poulet)；calf加工成肉则变成veal(来自法语veau)。即便我们的菜单没有为了装洋耍派头而写成法语，我们所用的英语仍然是诺曼底式的英语。这一切向我们昭示了诺曼底人征服之后英国文化上所存在的深刻的阶级裂痕。
Cool was I and logical. Keen, calculating, perspicacious, acute and astute – I was all of these. My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist‘s scales, as penetrating as a scalpel. And – think of it! – I was only eighteen.
我这个人头脑冷静，逻辑思维能力强。敏锐、慎重、聪慧、深刻、机智一一这些就是我的特点。我的大脑像发电机一样发达，像化学家的天平一样精确，像手术刀一样锋利。一一你知道吗?我才十八岁呀。
It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect. Take, for example, Petey Burch, my roommate at the University of Minnesota. Same age, same background, but dumb as an ox. A nice enough young fellow, you understand, but nothing upstairs. Emotional type. Unstable. Impressionable. Worst of all, a faddist. Fads, I submit, are the very negation of reason. To be swept up in every new craze that comes along, to surrender yourself to idiocy just because everybody else is doing it – this, to me, is the acme of mindlessness. Not, however, to Petey.
年纪这么轻而智力又如此非凡的人并不常有。就拿在明尼苏达大学跟我同住一个房间的皮蒂·伯奇来说吧，他跟我年龄相经历一样，可他笨得像头驴。小伙子长得年轻漂亮，可惜脑子里却空空如也。他易于激动，情绪反复无常，容易受别人的影响。最糟的是他爱赶时髦。我认为，赶时髦就是最缺乏理智的表现。见到一种新鲜的东西就跟着学，以为别人都在那么干，自己也就卷进去傻干——这在我看来，简直愚蠢至极，但皮蒂却不以为然。Heartened by the knowledge that Polly was not altogether a cretin, I begin a long, patient review of all I had told her. Over and over and over again I cited instances, pointed out flaws, kept hammering away without let-up. It was like digging a tunnel. At first everything was work, sweat and darkness. I had no idea when I would reach the light, or even if I would. But I persisted. I pounded and clawed and scraped, and finally I was rewarded. I saw a chink of light. And then the chink got bigger and the sum came pouring in and all was bright.
看到波利并不那么傻，我的劲头上来了。于是，我便开始把对她讲过的一切，长时间地、耐心地复习了一遍。我给她一个一个地举出例子，指出其中的错误，不停地讲下去。就好比挖掘一条隧道，开始只有劳累、汗水和黑暗，不知道什么时候能见到光亮，甚至还不知道能否见到光亮。但我坚持着，凿啊，挖啊，刮啊，终于得到了报偿。我见到了一线光亮，这光亮越来越大，终于阳光洒进来了，一切都豁然开朗了。
Five grueling nights this took, but it was worth it. I had made a logician out of Polly; I had tought her to think. My job was done. She was worthy of me at last. She was a fit wife for me, a proper hostess for my many mansions, a suitable mother for my well-heeled children.
我辛辛苦苦地花了五个晚上，但总算还是没有白费，我使波利变成一个逻辑学家了，我教她学会了思考。我的任务完成了，她最终还是配得上我的。她会成为我贤慧的妻子，我那些豪华公馆里出色的女主人。我那些有良好教养的孩子们的合格的母亲。
It must not be thought that I was without love for this girl. Quite the contrary. Just as Pygmalion loved the perfect woman he had fashioned, so I loved mine. I determined to acquaint her with my feeling at our very next meeting. The time had come to change our relationship from academic to romantic.
不要以为我不爱这姑娘了，恰恰相反。正如皮格马利翁珍爱他自己塑造的完美的少女像一样，我也非常地爱我的波利。我决定下次会面时把自己的感情向她倾吐。该是把我们师生式的关系转化为爱情的时候了。
Now and then there is a house of brick. But what brick! When it is new it is the color of a fried egg. When it has taken on the patina of the mill it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring. Was it necessary to adopt that shocking color? No more than it was necessary to set all of the houses on end. Red brick, even in a steel town, ages with some dignity. Let it become downright black, and it is still slightly, especially if its trimmings are of white stone, with soot in the depths and the high spots washed by the rain. But in Westmoreland they prefer that uremic yellow, and so they have the most loathsome towns and villages ever seen by mortal eye.
偶尔也可以看到一幢砖房，可那叫什么砖啊!新建的时候，它的颜色像油煎鸡蛋，然而一经工厂排放出来的烟尘熏染，蒙上一层绿锈时，它的颜色便像那早已无人问津的臭蛋一样了。难道一定得采用这种糟糕的颜色吗?这就与把房屋都建成直立式一样没看攀要。若是用红砖造房，便可以越古老陈旧越气派，即使在钢铁城镇中也是如此。红砖就算被染得漆黑，看起来还是能够使人悦目，尤其是如果用白石镶边，经雨水一洗刷，凹处烟垢残存，凸处本色外露，红黑映衬，更觉美观。可是在威斯特摩兰县，人们却偏偏喜欢用那血尿般的黄色，因此便有了这种世界上最丑陋不堪、最令人恶心的城镇和乡村
Are they so frightful because the valley is full of foreigners – dull, insensate brutes, with no love of beauty in them? Then why didn‘t these foreigners set up similar abominations in the countries that they came from? You will, in fact, find nothing of the sort in Europe – save perhaps in the more putrid parts of England. There is scarcely an ugly village on the whole Continent. The peasants, however poor, somehow manage to make themselves graceful and charming habitations, even in Spain. But in the American village and small town the pull is always toward ugliness, and in that Westmoreland valley it has been yielded to with an eagerness bordering upon passion. It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces of horror.
这些房屋如此丑陋，难道是因为该河谷地区住满了一些愚蠢迟钝、麻木不仁、毫无爱美之心的外国蛮子吗?若果然如此，为什么那些外国蛮子却并没有在自己的故土上造出这样丑恶的东西来呢?事实上，在欧洲绝对找不到这种丑恶的东西——英国的某些破败的地区也许例外。整个欧洲大陆很难找到一个丑陋的村落。欧洲那儿的农民，不论怎么穷，都会想方设法将自己的居室修造得美观雅致，即使在西班牙也是如此。而在美国的乡村和小城镇里，人们千方百计地追求的目标是丑陋，尤其在那个威斯特摩兰河谷地区，人们对丑的追求已达到狂热的程度。如果说单凭愚昧无知就能造就这样令人毛骨悚然的杰作，那是无法让人信服的。
On certain levels of the American race, indeed, there seems to be a positive libido for the ugly, as on other and less Christian levels there is a libido for the beautiful. It is impossible to put down the wallpaper that defaces the average American home of the lower middle class to mere inadvertence, or to the obscene humor of the manufacturers. Such ghastly designs, it must be obvious, give a genuine delight to a certain type of mind. They meet, in some unfathomable way, its obscure and unintelligible demands. The taste for them is a s enigmatical and yet as common as the taste for dogmatic theology and the poetry of Edgar A. Guest.
美国某些阶层的人们当中似乎的的确确存在着一种爱丑之欲，如同在另一些不那么虔信基督教的阶层当中存在着一种爱美之心一样。那些把一般美国中下层家庭的住宅打扮得像丑八怪的糊墙纸决不能归咎于选购者的疏忽大意，也不能归咎于制造商的鄙俗的幽默感。那些糊墙纸上的丑陋图案显然真正能使具有某种心理的人觉得赏心悦目。它们以某种莫名其妙的方式满足了这种人的某种晦涩难解的心理需要。人们对这类丑陋图案的欣赏，就同某些人对教条主义神学和埃德加·A格斯特的诗歌的迷恋一样，既不可思议，又让人习以为常。
Here is something that the psychologists have so far neglected: the love of ugliness for its own sake, the lust to make the world intolerable. Its habitat is the United States. Out of the melting pot emerges a race which hates beauty as it hates truth. The etiology of this madness deserves a great deal more study than it has got. There must be causes behind it; it arises and flourishes in obedience to biological laws, and not as a mere act of God. What, precisely, are the terms of those laws? And why do they run stronger in America than elsewhere? Let some honest Privat Dozent in pathological sociology apply himself to the problem.
这里涉及到一个心理学家迄今未加重视的问题，即为了丑本身的价值而爱丑(非因其他利益驱动而爱丑)，急欲将世界打扮得丑不可耐的变态心理。这种心理的孳生地就是美国。从美国这个大熔炉中产生出了一个新的种族，他们像仇视真理一样地仇视美。这种变态心理的产生根源值得进行更多的研究，它的背后一定隐藏着某些原因，其产生和发展肯定受到某些生物学规律的制约，而不能简单地看成是出于上帝的安排。那么，这些规律的具体内容究竟是什么呢?为什么它们在美国比在其他任何地方更为盛行?这个问题还是让某位像德国大学的无薪教师那样正直的社会病理学家去研究吧。
No aspect of life in the Twenties has been more commented upon and sensationally romanticized than the so-called Revolt of the Younger Generation. The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young: memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy, of the brave denunciation of Puritan morality, and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road; questions about the naughty, jazzy parties, the flask-toting ―sheik,‖and the moral and stylistic vagaries of the ―flapper‖and the ―drugstore cowboy.‖―Were young people really so wild?‖present-day students ask their parents and teachers. ―Was there really a Younger Generation problem?‖ The answers to such inquiries must of necessity be ―yes‖ and ―no‖–―yeas‖ because the business of growing up is always accompanied by a Younger Generation Problem; ―no‖because what seemed so wild, irresponsible, and immoral in social behavior at the time can now be seen in perspective as being something considerably less sensational than the degeneration of our jazzmad youth.
二十年代社会生活的各个方面中，被人们评论得最多、渲染得最厉害的，莫过于青年一代的叛逆之行了。只要有只言片语提到那个时期，就会勾起中年人怀旧的回忆和青年人好奇的提问。中年人会回忆起第一次光顾非法酒店时的那种既高兴又不安的违法犯罪的刺激感，回忆起对清教徒式的道德规范的勇猛抨击，回忆起停在乡间小路上的小轿车里颠鸾倒凤的时髦爱情试验方式；青年人则会问起有关那时的一些纵情狂欢的爵士舞会，问起那成天背着酒葫芦、勾引得女人团团转的“美男子”，问起那些“时髦少女”和“闲荡牛仔”的奇装异服和古怪行为等等的情况。“那时的青年果真这样狂放不羁吗?”今天的青年学生们不禁好奇地向他们的师长问起这样的问题。“那时真的有过青年一代的问题吗?”对这类问题的回答必然只能是既“对”又“不对”——说“对，，是因为人的成长过程中一贯就存在着所谓青年一代的问题；说“不对”是因为在当时的社会看来似乎是那么狂野。那么不负责任，那么不讲道德的行为，若是用今天的正确眼光去看的话，却远远没有今天的一些迷恋爵士乐的狂荡青年的堕落行为那么耸人听闻。
The rejection of Victorian gentility was, in any case, inevitable. The booming of American industry, with its gigantic, roaring factories, its corporate impersonality, and its large-scale aggressiveness, no longer left any room for the code of polite behavior and well0bred morality
fashioned in a quieter and less competitive age. War or no war, as the generations passed, it became increasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success. The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure, and by precipitating our young people into a pattern of mass murder it released their inhibited violent energies which, after the shooting was over, were turned in both Europe and America to the destruction of an obsolescent nineteenth-century society.
在当时的美国，摒弃维多利亚式的温文尔雅无论如何都已经是无可避免的了。美国工业的飞速发展及其所带来的庞大的、机器轰鸣的工厂的出现，社会化大生产的非人格性，以及争强好胜意识的空前高涨，使得在较为平静而少竞争的年代里所形成的温文尔雅的礼貌行为和谦谦忍让的道德风范完全没有半点栖身之地。不论是否发生战争，随着时代的变化．要我们的年轻一代接受与他们必须在其中拼搏求胜的这个喧嚣的商业化社会格格不入的行为准则已经变得越来越难了。战争只不过起了一种催化剂的作用，加速了维多利亚式社会结构的崩溃。战争把年轻一代一下子推向一种大规模的屠杀战场，从而使他们体内潜藏的压抑已久的狂暴力量得以释放出来，待到战争一结束，这些被释放出来的狂暴力量便在欧洲和美国掉转矛头，去摧毁那日渐衰朽的十九世纪的社会了。
Actually the revolt of the young people was a logical outcome of conditions in the age. First of all, it must be remembered that the rebellion was not confined to the United Sates, but affected the entire Western world as a result of the aftermath of the first serious war in a century. Second in the United States it was reluctantly realized by some – subconsciously if not openly – that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.
实际上，青年一代的叛逆行为是当时的时代条件的必然结果。首先，值得记住的是，这种叛逆行为并不局限于美国，而是作为百年之中第一次惨烈的战争的后遗症影响到整个西方世界。其次，在美国，有一些人已经很不情愿地认识到——如果不是明明白白地认识到，至少是下意识地认识到——无论在政治方面还是在传统方面，我们的国家已不再是与世隔绝的了；我们所取得的国际地位使我们永远也不能再退缩到狭隘道德规范的人造围墙之后，或是躲在相邻的两大洋的地理保护之中了。
Greenwich Village set the pattern. Since the Seventies a dwelling place for artists and writers who settled there because living was cheap, the village had long enjoyed a dubious reputation for Bohemianism and eccentricity It had also harbored enough major writers especially in the decade before World War I, to support its claim to being the intellectual center of the nation. After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry, and ―Puritanical‖gentility, should flock to the traditional artistic center(where living was still cheap in 1919) to pour out their new-found creative strength, to tear down the old world, to flout the morality of their grandfathers, and to give all to are, love and sensation.
格林威治村为他们树立了榜样。自七十年代因其生活消费低廉而成为艺术家和作家聚居地以来，格林威治村在很长时间里一直享有波希米亚式生活和怪僻行为的说不清是好还是坏的名声。过去，尤其是在第一次世界大战之前的十年中，这地方还曾栖居过许多大作家，因而使它成了名副其实的全美国文人雅士中心。战后，那些脑子里和笔杆子里都充满着对战争、市侩气和“清教徒式的”道德修养的仇恨的怒火的年轻有为的作家们便自然而然地云集到这个
传统的艺术中心(那儿的生活消费在1919年仍很低廉)，去倾泻他们那新近获得的创造力，去摧毁旧世界，嘲弄前辈们所信守的道德规范，把自己的一切献给艺术、爱情和感官享受。
1.The burying ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot.
The burying-ground is nothing more than a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth looking like a deserted and abandoned piece of land on which a building was going to be put up.
2.All colonial empires are in reality founded upon the fact.
All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies like animals (by not treating the people in the colonies as human beings).
3.They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back in to the nameless mounds of the graveyard.
They are born. Then for a few years they work, toil and starve. Finally they die and are buried in graves without a name.
4.A carpenter sits cross legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed. Sitting with his legs crossed and using a very old-fashioned lathe, a carpenter quickly gives a round shape to the chair-legs he is making.
5.Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews.
Immediately from their dark hole-like cells everywhere a great number of Jews rushed out wildly excited.
6…every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury.
Every one of these poor Jews looked on the cigarette as a piece of luxury which they could not possibly afford.
7.Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.
However, a white-skinned European is always quite noticeable.
8.In a tropical landscape one’s eye takes in everything except the human beings.
If you take a look at the natural scenery in a tropical region, you see everything but the human beings.
9.No one would think of running cheap trips to the Distressed Areas.
No one would think of organizing cheap trips for the tourists to visit the poor slum areas
10.for nine-tenths of the people the reality of life is and endless back-breaking struggle to wring a little food out of an eroded soil.
life is very hard for ninety percent of the people．With hard backbreaking toil they can produce a little food on the poor soil．
11.She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden.
She took it for granted that as an old woman she was the lowest in the community, that, she was only fit for doing heavy work like an animal．
12.People with brown skins are next door to invisible.
People with brown skins are almost invisible．
13.Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms.
The Senegalese soldiers were wearing ready—made khaki uniforms which hid their beautiful well-built bodies．
14.How long before they turn their guns in the other direction.
How much longer before they turn their guns around and attack us?。
15. Every white man there had this thought stowed somewhere or other in his mind.
Every white man，the onlookers，the officers on their horses and the white N．C．Os．marching with the black soldiers，had this thought hidden somewhere or other in his mind．
1．And it is an activity only of humans.
And conversation is an activity which is found only among human beings．
2．Conversation is not for making a point.
Conversation is not for persuading others to accept our idea or point of view．
3．In fact, the best conservationists are those who are prepared to lose.
In fact a person who really enjoys and is skilled at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his point of view．
4. Bar friends are not deeply involved in each other’s lives.
People who meet each other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not intimate friends for they are not deeply abso rbed or engrossed in each other‘s lives．
5．It could still go ignorantly on.
The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong．
6. There are cattle in the fields, but we sit down to beef.
These animals are called cattle when they are alive and feeding in the fields；but when we sit down at the table to eat, we call their meat beef．
7．The new ruling class had built a cultural barrier against him by building their French against his own language.
The new ruling class by using French instead of English made it difficult for the English to accept or absorb the culture of the、rulers．
8. English had come royally into its own.
The English language received proper recognition and was used by the King once more．
9．He phrase has always been used a little pejoratively and even facetiously by the lower classes.
The phrase，the King‘s English，has always been used disrespectfully and jokingly by the lower classes．The working people very often make fun of the proper and formal language of the educated people．
10．The rebellion against a cultural dominance is still there.
There still exists in the working people，as in the early Saxon peasants，a spirit of opposition to the cultural authority of the ruling class．
11．There is always a great danger that‖words will harden into things for us.‖
There is always a great danger that we might forget that words are only symbols and take them for things they are supposed to represent．For example，the word ―dog‖ is a symbol representing a kind of animal．We mustn‘t regard the word ―dog‖ as being the animal itself．
12．Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.
Even the most educated and literate people do not use standard，formal English all the time in their conversation．
1. Logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathing thing, full of beauty, passion and trauma:
Logic is not at all a dry, learned branch of learning. It is like a living human being, full of beauty, passion and painful emotional shocks.
2. Same age, same background, but dumb as an ox:
He is of the same age and has the same background but he is dumb as an ox.
3. Fads, I submit, are the very negation of reason.
Fads (a passing fashion or craze), in my opinion, show a complete lack of reason.
4. To be swept up in every craze that comes along, to surrender yourself to idiocy just because everyone else is doing it – this, to me, is the acme of mindlessness.
It is the greatest of lack of intelligence for me to follow enthusiastically every current fashion that appears, or to indulge myself to stupid action just because everyone else is doing it.
5. ―All the Big Men on Campus are wearing there. Where’ve you been?‖
All the important and fashionable men on campus are wearing them. How come you don‘t know?
6. ―Don’t you want to be in the swim?‖
Don‘t you want t o follow the current fashions?
7. My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear.
My brain, which is a precision instrument, began to work at high speed.
8. I wanted Polly for a shrewdly calculated, entirely cerebral reason.
I wanted Polly for a cleverly thought out and an entirely intellectual reason.
9. She was not yet of pin-up proportions, but I felt sure that time would supply the lack. She was not yet as beautiful as a pin-up girl but I felt sure she would become beautiful enough after some time.
10. She had an erectness of carriage, an ease of bearing, a poise that clearly indicated the best of breading.
She walked with her head and body erect and moved in a natural and dignified manner—all this showed she was well trained in manners and social behavior.
11. In fact she veered in the opposite direction.
She was not intelligent, that she was rather stupid.
12. In other words, if you were out of the picture, the field would be open.
If you‘re no longer involved with her (if you stop dating her) others would be free to compete for her friendship.
13. He was a torn man.
He was agitated and tormented, not knowing what was the right thing to do.
14. I was getting nowhere with this girl, absolutely nowhere.
I was making no progress with this girl.
15. The girl simply had a logic-proof head.\
Polly had a head that was resistant to (could not be affected by) logic
16. Admittedly it was not a prospect fraught with hope…
One must admit the outcome does not look very wonderful.
17. Suddenly, a glimmer of intelligence—the first I had seen—came into her eyes.
From her eyes that for the first time she was beginning to understand the problem.
18. Over and over again I cited instances…without let-up.
Over and over again I gave examples and pointed out the mistakes in her thinking. I kept emphasizing all this without stopping.
19. I reeled back, overcome with the infamy of it.
I staggered back overcome by the great wickedness of Petey‘s traitorous act.
20. I shrieked, kicking up great chunks of turf.
The narrator has now thoroughly lost control of himself and his temper. He now screamed and kicked up big pieces of grassy earth in his anger.
1.boy and man, I had been through it often before.
As a boy and later when I was a grown-up man, I had of- ten travelled through the region.
2.But somehow I had never quite sensed its appalling desolation.
But somehow in the past I never really perceived how shocking and wretched this whole region was.
3.it reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke.
This dreadful scene makes all human endeavors to advance and improve their lot appear as a ghastly, saddening joke.
4.The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the endless miles.
The country itself is pleasant to look at, despite the sooty dirt spread by the innumerable mills in this region.
5.They have taken as their model a brick set on end.
The model they followed in building their houses was a brick standing upright.
6.This they have converted into a thing of dingy clapboards, with a narrow, low-pitched roof. These brick-like houses were made of shabby, thin wooden boards and their roofs were narrow and had little slope.
7.When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope or caring.
When the brick is covered with the black soot of the mills it takes on the color of a rotten egg.
8.Red brick, even in a steel town, ages with some dignity.
Red brick, even in a steel town, looks quite respectable with the passing of time.
9.I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.
I have given Westmoreland the highest award for ugliness after having done a lot of hard work and research and after continuous praying.
10.They show grotesqueries of ugliness that, in retrospect, become almost diabolical.
They show such fantastic and bizarre ugliness that, in looking back, they become almost fiendish and wicked. f.
11.It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such masterpieces of horror.
It is hard to believe that people built such horrible houses just because they did not know what beautiful houses were like.
12.On certain levels of the American race, indeed, there seems to be a positive libido for the ugly.
People in certain strata of American society seem definitely to hunger after ugly things; while in other less Chris- tian strata, people seem to long for things beautiful.
13.They meet, in some unfathomable way, its obscure and unintelligible demands.
These ugly designs, in some way that people cannot understand, satisfy the hidden and unintelligible demands of this type of mind.
14.they made it perfect in their own sight by putting a completely impossible penthouse, painted a staring yellow, on top of it.
They put a penthouse on top of it, painted in a bright, conspicuous yellow color and thought it looked perfect but they only managed to make it absolutely intolerable.
15.Out of the melting pot emerges a race which hates beauty as it hates truth.
From the intermingling of different nationalities and races in the United States emerges the American race which hates beauty as strongly as it hates truth．
1.The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle aged.
At the very mention of this post-war period, middle-aged people begin to think about it longingly.
2.The rejection of Victorian gentility was, in any case, inevitable.
In any case, an American could not avoid casting aside its middle-class respectability and affected refinement.
3.The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victoria social structure.
The war only helped to speed up the breakdown of the Victorian social structure.
4.it was tempted, in America at least, to escape its responsibilities and retreat behind an air of naughty alcoholic sophistication.
In America at least, the young people were strongly inclined to shirk their responsibilities. They pretended to be worldly-wise, drinking and behaving naughtily.
5.Prohibitation afforded the young the additional opportunity of making their pleasure illicit.
The young people found greater pleasure in their drinking because Prohibition, by making drinking unlawful added a sense of adventure.
6.our young men began to enlist under foreign flags.
Our young men joined the armies of foreign countries to fight in the war.
7.they ―wanted to get into the fun before the whole thing turned belly up‖.
The young people wanted to take part in the glorious ad-venture before the whole war ended.
8.they had outgrown towns and families.
These young people could no longer adapt themselves to lives in their home towns or their families.
9.the returning veteran also had to face…the hypocritical dogoodism of Prohibition.
The returning veteran also had to face Prohibition which the lawmakers hypocritically assumed would do good to the people. 10. (Under all this force and pressure) something in the youth of America, who were already very tense, had to break down.
10.something in the tension-ridden youth of America had to ―give‖.
11.it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry, and ―Puritanical‖ gentility should flock to the traditional artistic center.
It was only natural that hopeful young Writers whose minds and writings were filled with violent anger against war, Babbitry, and "Puritanical" gentility, should come in great numbers to live in Greenwich Village, the traditional artistic centre.
12.Each town has its ‖fast‖ set which prided itself on its unconventionality.
Each town was proud that it had a group of wild, reckless people, who lived unconventional lives.
高级英语第一册详细讲解
Lesson one The Middle Eastern Bazaar 一．Background information 二．Brief overview and writing style This text is a piece of description. In this article, the author describes a vivid and live scene of noisy hilarity of the Middle Eastern Bazaar to readers. At first, he describes the general atmosphere of the bazaar. The entrance of the bazaar is aged and noisy. However, as one goes through the bazaar, the noise the entrance fades away. One of the peculiarities of the Eastern bazaar is that shopkeepers dealing in the same kind of goods gather in the same area. Then the author introduces some strategies for bargaining with the seller in the bazaar which are quite useful. After that he describes some impressive specific market of the bazaar particularly includ ing the copper-smiths market, the carpet-market, the spice-market, the food-market, the dye-market, the pottery-market and the carpenter‘s market which honeycomb the bazaar. The typical animal in desert----camels----can also attract attention by their disdainful expressions. To the author the most unforgettable thing in the bazaar is the place where people make linseed oil. Hence he describes this complicated course with great details. The author‘s vivid and splendid description takes readers back to hundreds of thousands of years age to the aged middle eastern bazaar, which gives the article an obvious diachronic and spatial sense. The appeal to readers‘visual and hearing sense throughout the description is also a marked feature of this piece of writing. In short, being a Westerner, the author views the oriental culture and civilization as old and backward but interesting and fantastic. Through careful observation and detailed comparison, the author depicts some new and original peculiarities of the Middle Eastern bazaar which are unique and distinguished. 三．Detailed study of the text Paragraph 1 the general atmosphere of the bazaar 1. The Middle Eastern bazaar takes you back…of years: 1) Middle East: generally referring to the area from Afghanistan to Egypt, including the Arabian Peninsula, Cyprus, and Asiatic Turkey. 2) A bazaar is an oriental market-place where a variety of goods is sold. The word perhaps comes from the Persian word bazar.（中东和印度等的）集市，市场 Paraphrase: The bazaar can be traced back to many centuries ago. The architecture was ancient, the bricks and stones were aged and the economy was a handicraft economy which no longer existed in the West. 2. The one I am thinking of particularly is entered…: 1) is entered..: The present tense used here is called ―historical present(历史现在时)‖. It is used for vividness. 2) Gothic: of a style of building in Western Europe between the 12th and 16th centuries, with pointed arches , arched roofs, tall thin pillars, and stained glass windows. 3) aged: having existed long; very old 3. Y ou pass from the heat and glare of a big open square into a cool, dark cavern…: 1) Here ―the heat‖is contrasted with ―cool‖, ―glare‖with ―dark‖, and ―open square‖with ―cavern‖. 2) glare: strong, fierce, unpleasant light, not so agreeable and welcome as ―bright sunlight‖.强光， 耀眼的光 3) ―cavern‖here does not really mean a cave or an underground chamber. From the text we can see it is a long, narrow, dark street of workshops and shops with some sort of a roof over them.
英语专业高级英语1课后paraphrase答案
1) Little donkeys thread their way among the throngs of people 2) Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market. 3) They narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price down. 4) He will price the item high, and yield little in the bargaining. 5) As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear.
1) Serious looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them. 2) The cab driver’s door popped open at the very sight of a traveler. 3) The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt. 4) I experienced a twinge of embarrassment at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks. 5) The few Americans and Germans seemed just as inhibited as I was.
高英课本课后翻译答案
这是我整理的，希望对大家有用。蓝色部分是重点词汇。 第一课 1、一条蜿蜒的小路隐没在树荫深处。 A winding path loses itself in the shadowy distance of the woods. 2、集市上有许多小摊子，出售的货物应有尽有。 At the bazaar, there are many stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold. 3、我真不知道到底是什么事让他如此生气。 I really don’t know what it is that has made him so angry. 4、新出土的铜花瓶造型优美，可有精细、复杂的传统图案。 The newly unearthed bronze vase is pleasing in form and engraved with delicate and intricate traditional designs. … 5、在山的那一边是一望无际的大草原。 Beyond the mountains there is a vast grassland that extends as far as the eye can see. 6、他们决定买那座带有汽车房的房子。 They decided to buy that house with a garage attached. 7、教师们坚持对学生严格要求。 The teachers make a point of be ing strict with the students. 8、这个小女孩很喜欢她的父亲。 The girl is very much attached to her father. 9、为了实现四个现代化，我们认为有必要学习国外的先进科学技术。 To achieve the four modernization, we make a point of learn ing from the advanced science and technology of other countries. | 10、黄昏临近时，天渐渐暗下来了。 As dusk fell, daylight faded away. 11徒工仔细地观察他的师傅，然后照着干。 The apprentice watched his master carefully and then followed suit. 12、吃完饭弗兰克常常帮助洗餐具。 Frank often took a hand in the washing-up after dinner.
高级英语复习资料
00600《高级英语》复习资料 重要词组总汇 In return 作为（对某物）的付款或回报What do we give them in return. Conceive of 想像、认为 I laughed to myself at the men and the ladies. Who never conceived of us billion-dollar Babies（俚语：人）。 对于那些认为我们从不会成为腰缠万贯的巨富的先生和女士们，我们总是暗自嘲笑他们。 Scores of 很多Scores of young people. Strike sb. as … 给某人留下印象make an impression on sb These conclusion strike me as reasonable.我认为他们的话是合情合理的 Drop out 脱离传统社会 Ever since 自从 In hopes of 怀着…希望 Ever since civilization began，certain individuals（人）have tried to run away from it in hopes of finding a simpler，more pastoral田园的，and more peaceful life Support oneself 自食其力 Run out of 没有，用完，耗尽 Our planet is running out of noble savages and unsullied landscapes. 我们地球上高尚的野蛮人和未玷污的地方越来越少 the other way （round）相反 come off 成功These are the ones whose revolutions did not come off. In need of 需要 It dawns on a familiar, workaday place,still in need of groceries and sewage disposal. 它洒在一个司空见惯，平凡庸 碌的地方，一个仍然无法摆脱食品 杂货，污水处理的地方。 In short supply 供应不足，短缺 Break down 瓦解，崩溃Broke down our resolve. 丧失了我们的决 心 Out of work 失业 dawn on sb. 逐渐明白It dawned on us rather suddenly that the number of passengers on the small spaceship we inhabit is doubling about every forty years. Come down （from…）（to…） 从一处来到另一处 Eat sth. up 吃光 In profusion 大量地 She had magnificent高尚的华 丽的blonde hair，in profusion. Take a shot 猜测 As a point of departure 起点As doctors often do I take a trial shot at it as a point of departure.作为医生我 经常根据猜测可能出现的总是进行 提问 as yet 到现在为止As yet，no man has set foot on Mars.到目前为 止还没有人登上火星。 Get somewhere 有进展，取得 一些成就 If only 只要If only they wouldn‘t use the word “hurt” I might be able to get somewhere. Up to sb. 取决于某人 So long as 只要 Fall in love with 爱上 After all，I had already fallen in love with the savage brat野蛮的乳臭 未干是小孩，the parents were contemptible to me. Let out 发出（叫喊） She let out a scream of terror.她 发出恐怖的叫喊。 Hold sb. down 控制住某人，压 制某人I tried to hold myself down but I couldn‘t. Open up 张开 She open up for an instant but before I could see anything she came down again and gripped the wooden blade between her molars.臼齿 Reduce sth. to 将…化为（变成） She reduced spatula压舌板to splinters碎片before I could get it out Through with. 结束We are going to through with this. Go at sth. 努力做某事 He went at the job with a lot of energy. 他工作卖力 Tear sb/sth apart 严厉地批 评…，彻底毁灭… I could have torn the child apart in my own fury 狂怒暴怒and enjoyed it. Bred of … 由…造成 But a blind fury不顾一切的狂 怒，a feeling of adult shame，bred of a longing for muscular release are the operative.由于渴望释放男人的 体力而产生的不理智的愤怒，和成 年人的羞辱而使我继续下去，坚持 到底。 On the defensive 采取守势She had been on the defensive before but now she attacked. Fly at 冲上去攻击某人Tried to get off her father‘s lap and fly at me while tears of defeat blinded her eyes. Come to light 为人所知New evidence has recently come to light At one‘s request 应某人之请求 An anonymous 匿名的doctor claimed to have killed a 20-year-old cancer patient at her own request. Rumble隆隆声，抱怨声on 继 续下去
高级英语paraphrase
Lesson 4 (1)She think her sister has feld life always in the palm of one hand... She thinks that her sister has a firm control of her life. (2)”no” is a word the world never learned to say to her. She could always have anything she wanted, and life was extremely generous to her. (3)Johnny Carson has much to do to keep up with my quick and witty tongue. The famous and popular TV talk host, Johnny Carson has to try hard if he wants to catch up with me. (4)It seems to me I have talked to them always with one foot raised in flight... It seems to me that I have talked to them always ready to leave as quickly as possible. (5)She washed us in a river of make-believe... She imposed on us lots of falsity. (6)burned us with a lot of knowledge we didn’t necessarily need to know Imposed on us a lot of knowledge that is totally useless to us. (7)Like good looks and money,quickness passed her by. She is not bright just as she is neither good-looking rich. (8)A dress down to the ground,in this hot weather. Dee wore a very long dress even on such a hot day. (9)You can see me trying to move a second or two before I make it. You can see me trying to move my body a couple of seconds before I finally manage to push myself up. (10)Anyhow,he soon gives up on Maggie. Soon he stops trying to shake hands with Maggie. (11)Though,in fact,I probably could have carried it back beyond the Civil War through the branches. In fact, I could have traced it far back before the Civil War along the branches of the family tree.
高级英语第三版第一册课后答案
高英课内考点：第一课：Paraphrase 1、we’re elevated 23 feet. Our house is 23 feet above sea level. 2、The place has been here since 1915,and no hurricane has ever bothered it. The house was built in 1915,and since then no hurricane has done any damage to it. 3、We can batten down and ride it out. We can make the necessary preparation and survive the hurricane without much damage. 4、The generator was doused,and the lights went out. Water got into the generator,it stopped working.As a result all lights were put out. 5、Everybody out the back door to the cars! Everyone go out through the back door and get into the cars! 6、The electrical systems had been killed by water.
The electrical systems in the cars had been destroyed by water. 7、John watched the water lap at the steps,and felt a crushing guilt. As John watched the water inch its way up the steps,he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the family by making the wrong decision not to flee inland. 8、Get us through this mess,will You? Oh,God,please help us to get through this dangerous situation. 9、She carried on alone for a few bars;then her voice trailed away. She sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew dimmer and stopped. 10、Janis had just one delayed reaction. Janis didn’t show any fear on the spot during the storm,but she revealed her feelings caused by the storm a few nights after the hurricane by getting up in the middle of the night and crying softly. 英译汉： 1、But,like thousands of others in the coastal communities,John was reluctant to abandon his home unless the family----his wife,Janis,and their seven children,aged 3 to 11---was clearly endangered.
高级英语第一册-课后Paraphrase汇总
Paraphrase: L1: 1.Little donkeys thread their way among the throngs of people. 2.Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market. 3.They narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price down. 4.He will price the item high, and yield little in the bargaining. 5.As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear. L2: 1.Serious looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them. 2.The cab driver’s door popped open at the very sight of a traveler. 3.The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimino and the miniskirt. 4.I experienced a twinge of embarrassment at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks. 5.The few Americans and Germans seemed just as inhibited as I was/ 6.After three days in Japan, the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible. 7.I was about to make my little bow of assent, when the meaning of these last words sank in, jolting me out of sad reverie. 8.I thought somehow I had been spared. L3: 1.The prospect of a good catch looked bleak. 2.He moved his finger back in time to the ice of two decades ago. 3.Keeps its engines running to prevent the metal parts from freeze-locking together.
高级英语第一册Unit12 课后练习题答案
THE LOONS 课后习题答案/answer I . 1)The Tonnerres were poor The basis of their dwelling was a small square cabin made of poles and mud, which had been built some fifty years before. As the Tonnerres had increased in number, their settlement had been added, until thc clearing at the foot of the town hill was a chaos of lean-tos, wooden packing cases, warped lumber, discarded car tyres, ramshackle chicken coops, tangled strands of barbed wire and rusty tin cans. 2)Sometimes, one of them would get involved in a fight on Main Street and be put for the night in the barred cell underneath the Court House. 3)Because she had had tuberculosis of the bone, and should have a couple of months rest to get better. 4)Her mother first objected to take Piquette along because she was afraid that the girl would spread the disease to her children and she believed that the girl was not hygienic. She then agreed to do so because she preferred Piquette to the narrator's grandmother, who promised not to go along with the family and decided to stay in the city if the girl was taken along. 5)The cottage was called Macleod, their family name. The scenery there was quite beautiful with all kinds of plants and animals at the lakeside. 6)The narrator knew that maybe Piquette was an Indian descendant who knew the woods quite well, so she tried to ask Piquette to go and play in the wood and tell her stories about woods. 7)Because Piquette thought the narrator was scorning and showing contempt for her Indian ancestors, which was just opposite to her original intention. 8)Because the narrator felt somewhat guilty. Piquette stayed most of the time in the cottage and hardly played with the narrator. At the same time, she felt there was in Piquette something strange and unknown and unfathomable. 9)That was the very rare chance she was unguarded and unmasked, so that the author could perceive her inner world. 10)Her full name is Vanessa Macleod. 11)Just as the narrator's father predicted, the loons would go away when more cottages were built at the lake with more people moving in. The loons disappeared as nature was ruined by civilization. In a similar way, Piquette and her people failed to find their position in modern society. Ⅱ. 1)who looked deadly serious, never laughed 2)Sometimes old Jules, or his son Lazarus, would get involved in a rough, noisy quarrel or fight on a Saturday night after much drinking of liquor. 3)She often missed her classes and had little interest in schoolwork. 4)I only knew her as a person who would make other people feel ill at ease. 5)She lived and moved somewhere within my range of sight (Although I saw her, I paid little attention to her). 6)If my mother had to make a choice between Grandmother Macleod and
高英第一册第五课写作手法
Comment on writing skills In the passage “S peech on Hitler’s invasion of the U.S.S.R.” ,Churchill used many writings skills to make his speech more powerful, persuasive and impression .Here I will analyze some of the skills in the speech. I Rhetoric i. Alliteration For instance ,“I see also the dull, drilled, docile brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts”“...Russian fighting for his hearth and home...”In these sentences ,“dull ,drilled, docile ”and “hearth and home ”each have the same start words“d” and“h” .It has to do with the sound rather than the sense of words for effect so that makes his speech sound more powerful. It is a device that repeats the same sound at frequent intervals and since the sound repeated is usually the initial consonant sound . ii Onomatopoeia It is a device that uses words which imitate the sounds made by an object (animate or inanimate), or which are associated with or suggestive of some action or movement. In paragraph 8,we can see the two words “clanking, heel-clicking”,“clanking ”refers to the sounds of swords and sabers , and “ heel-clicking ”means the heel sounds of Nazi . These two words makes audience easily hatred of Hitler’s Nazi regime. II Specific words Churchill pays particular attention to choose the words. i Absolute-sounding words In paragraph ten, he said,“…Hitler and every vestige of the Nazi régime.” “We will never parley, we will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang .”Absolute words like “ever ,never, any” all strengthen his voice. ii Formal words Churchill replaced simple ,everyday words with the italicized words .e.g. “There only remained the task of c omposing it”,”Composing it ”means “preparing”;“H e devoted the whole day to it…”here ,“devoted”refers to “spent…on it”etc .These italicized words makes his speech more powerful. To sum up, in this speech, there are many writing skills such as use biblical allusion ,use six “I see”
高级英语第一册课文
高级英语第一册课文 1.The Middle Eastern Bazaar The Middle Eastern bazaar takes you back hundreds --- even thousands --- of years. The one I am thinking of particularly is entered by a Gothic - arched gateway of aged brick and stone. You pass from the heat and glare of a big, open square into a cool, dark cavernwhich extends as far as the eye can see, losing itself in the shadowy distance. Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngsof people entering and leaving the bazaar. The roadway is about twelve feet wide, but it is narrowed every few yards by little stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold. The din of the stall-holder; crying their wares, of donkey-boys and porters clearing a way for themselves by shouting vigorously, and of would-be purchasers arguing and bargaining is continuous and makes you dizzy. Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market. The earthen floor, beaten hard by countless feet, deadens the sound of footsteps, and the vaulted mud-brick walls and roof have hardly any sounds to echo. The shop-keepers speak in slow, measured tones, and the buyers, overwhelmed by the sepulchral atmosphere, follow suit . One of the peculiarities of the Eastern bazaar is that shopkeepers dealing in the same kind of goods do not scatter themselves over the bazaar, in order to avoid competition, but collect in the same area, so