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形容词和副词教案.

形容词和副词教案.
形容词和副词教案.

形容词和副词

【2013高考考纲解读】

形容词与副词是高考考查的热点, 高考英语中单项填空、完形填空、书面表达,任何一项题目中都有可能涉及到形容词等级、辨析和在句中的位置。关于形容词与副词这一考点,主要考查以下几个方面:在具体的语境中考查不同形容词意义的区别;考查形容词做状语;考查比较级的用法尤其是隐性比较;考查一些习语搭配;与形容词同形的副词与形容词后加ly构成的副词的区别;多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序等。

【重点知识整合】

一、形容词,副词的主要功能

形容词在句中主要作定语、表语和补语,但有时也作状语,表示伴随原因等。

We find the boy considerate. (宾补)

He walked in the snow, cold and hungry . (伴随状语)

Afraid of difficulties, they took the easy road. (原因状语)

副词作状语主要是用作修饰性状语、评注性状语及连接性状语。其中后两种状语是现在考查的重点。He speak English fairly fluently (修饰性状语).

Fortunately,none of the them was hurt. (评注性状语)

His first response was to say no. Later, however, he changed his mind. (连接性状语)

注意:形容词作状语是形容主语的性质,而副词作状语则修饰动词。如:

He walked home slowly. He arrived home safe.

二、形容词的位置:

1.形容词作定语通常前置,但在下列情况后置:

1 修饰some, any, every, no和body, thing,

one等构成的复合不定代词时

nobody absent, everything possible

2 以-able, -ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高

级或only修饰的名词之后

the best book available, the only solution possible

3 Afraid, ashamed, alive, alike, awake,

aware, asleep等表语形容词作定语要后置

the only person awake

4 和空间、时间、单位连用时 a bridge 50 meters long

5 形容词短语一般后置 a man difficult to get on with

6 个别形容词前置和后置意义不同the members present(在场的,出席的)

the present situation(现在的)

the concerned parents (焦虑的)

the students concerned(有关的)

2.多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序:多个形容词作定语排列的顺序

口诀巧记:限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新老,颜色国籍跟材料,作用类别往后靠。

即:限定语(The、A)+ 描绘性形容词+ size(小)+ shape(形状)+ age(年龄、时间)+ color(颜色)+ origin(国籍、来源)+ material(材料)+ purpose(目的)+ 名词。

如:the man’s first tow interesting little red French oil paintings.

a small round table a tal l gray building a dirty old brown shirt

a famous German medical school an expensive Japanese sports car

多个形容词修饰同一个名词时,要从以下几个方面把握其顺序。

(1)表示不定、泛指意义的多类形容词修饰同一中心词的顺序为:

限定词+ 一般描绘性形容词+ 大小(长短、高低)类+ 形状(新旧、年龄)类+ 颜色类+ 来源(国籍、地区、出处)类+ 物质(材料、质地)类+ 用途(类别、功能、作用)类+ 中心名词。例如: a beautiful small round old yellow French wooden study room.口诀记忆: 美小圆旧黄法国木书房

(2)限定词分类:

前位限定:all, both, half, double,倍数,分数

中位限定:冠词、指示代词、所有格及some, any, no, every, each, either, much, whose等

后位限定:基数、序数及little, few, last, next, other, another, more, less, several 等

(3)限定词顺序::前位+ 中位+ 后位+ 中心词。例如:

all these last few days;some beautiful little r ed flowers

注:前位、中位限定词不能两个或两个以上同时修饰同一中心词,但后位限定词可以,位置较固定。

体会: the first two chapters; the next few weeks ; another two boys;

three other girls; any (no, few, three) such books

3.ly结尾的形容词

-ly是副词的后缀,但有些形容词以ly结尾。

friendly友好的;sisterly姐妹般的;lovely可爱的;womanly像女人的;silly傻的;ugly丑陋的;

elderly较老的;oily多油的;lonely孤独的。

三、副词

2)副词作状语

(1)有些副词像fortunately, luckily, surprisingly, honestly, actually, personally 等做评注性状语往往修饰整个句子,对整个句子进行说明或解释,表示说话人对话语的态度与看法。通常位于句首,常用逗号与句子分开。如:Surprisingly, no one in the class could work out the problem.

Personally, I don’t think he will interview you.

注:连接副词图表及运用

(2)还有些副词其连接作用,使前后句构成某种逻辑上的衔接。常见的有:

意义词汇

表示列举和顺序First(ly),second(ly), then, next, finally ,last

表示意义增补和引申Also, besides, furthermore, moreover

表示意义等同Equally, similarly

表示结果therefore, thus, consequently

表示推论Otherwise

表示换个说法Rather, alternatively

表示意义转折Instead, still, though, yet, however,

表示让步Anyhow, anyway

表示时间过度Meanwhile, meantime

I am wrong. Similarly, you are to blame. 我错了. 同样地,你也该受到谴责。

He was down with the flu, and therefore couldn't come to the party.

Seize the chance. Otherwise you'll regret it. 抓住这个机会,否则你会后悔的。

They are enjoying themselves. (Or) Rather, they appear to be enjoying themselves.

He forgot to turn on the radio and thus missed the program.

It may snow, but anyhow I will go to town. 可能下雪,但我无论如何要进城。

He said he would come, he didn't, though. Mother went shopping; meanwhile, I cleaned the house.

四、兼有两种形式的副词

(1)不加ly表示具体概念,加ly表示抽象概念。

high空间高度Do you see that butte rfly flying high above the street?

highly表示高程度The distinguished guests were highly praised.贵宾们受到了高度赞扬

deep空间深度They had to dig deep to reach water.他们挖得很深才挖到水。

deeply深深地You have offended him deeply.你冒犯他可不轻。

close 接近地,紧紧地She stood close against the wall.她紧挨着墙站着。

closely 仔细地,严密地The police were watching him closely.警察在密切监视他。

【close; closely】

close意为“靠近;挨近;接近”。如:He lives close to the school. 他住得靠近学校。

closely意为“紧密地;严密地;紧紧地;仔细地”。如:She is following the matter closely.

【deep; deeply】

deep多用于具体的、有形的场合。如:They had to dig deep to find water.

注意以下几个搭配:deep into the night到深夜deep in reading a book专心致志地读书

deep in work (study, thought)埋头工作(学习,沉思)

deeply多用于抽象的或比喻的场合,意为“深刻地;强烈地”。如:

We love our motherland deeply. 我们深深地热爱我们的祖国。

【free freely】

free常用在动词后面,意为“免费地;自由地”。如:You can eat free in my restaurant. freely意为“随意地;直率地;不受限制地;不受阻碍地”。如:You can speak freely in front of me.【hard; hardly】

hard意为“努力地;猛烈地;费力地;用功地;拼命地”。如:It rained hard yesterday.

hardly意为“几乎不;简直没有”。如:I can hardly recognize him.

【fair; fairly】

fair用作副词,意为“公平地;正面地”,常出现在以下短语中。

play fair公平地比赛hit fair正面打过去fair and square正大光明地fairly意为“公正地;公平地;诚实地”,与形容词fair相对应。如:We should treat everybody fairly.

fairly还可用作表示程度的副词,意为“相当地”。如:She plays the piano fairly well.

【high; highly】

high作副词用时,指的是具体的“高”。如:We flew high in the sky.

highly作副词用时,表示的是抽象的“高度”,意思相当于very much。如:He is highly paid.

注意一些固定词组:aim high向高处瞄准,心怀大志live high过奢侈的生活

【just; justly】

just作副词用时,意为“正是;就是;刚才;简直太”。如:This is just what I want.

justly作副词用时,意为“公正地;合理地;公平地”。如:He was justly punished for his crimes.

【late; lately】

late用作副词时,意为“迟到地;过晚地”。如:We always work late at night.

lately用作副词,意为“最近,不久之前”,相当于recently或not long ago。如:He hasn’t seen Jim lately. 注意:as late as与as lately as都有“近到;直到”的意思,用法相同。如:I saw him as late (lately) as yesterday. 【most; mostly】

most是much的最高级,也可构成形容词和副词的最高级。如:Which part of the concert did you like most? 在较正式的文体里,most用于加强语气,前面可以加不定冠词,意为“非常;极其”。

Hangzhou is a most beautiful city. 杭州是一个非常美丽的城市。

mostly意为“主要地;几乎全部;在大多数场合”。如:This drink is mostly sugar and water.

【near; nearly】

near作为副词,意为“离…不远;近邻”。如:The train came nearer and nearer.

nearly作为副词,意为“几乎;差不多;将近”。如:The child slipped and nearly fell.

【pretty; prettily】

pretty作为副词,意为“十分地;相当地”,与rather的意思相近。如:

A girl aged 25 is pretty old to take up ballet dancing.

prettily作为副词,意为“漂亮地”。如:Sometimes Miss Zhao is prettily dressed.

【wide; widely】

wide作为副词,意为“广大地;张得很大、宽;充分地;全部地;完全地”,表示状态和结果。如:“Open your mouth wide,” said the doctor. 大夫说:“张大嘴。”

widely作为副词,意为“广泛地;大大地;广博地;在许多地方”,表示程度和范围。如:

English is widely used all over the world. 英语在全世界被广泛使用。

【easy; easily】

easy 作为副词,只出现在某些短语中,常用于口语中。如:Easier said than done. Easy come, easy go. easily作为副词,意为“容易地;不费力地;无疑地”。如:He won the race easily.

【short; shortly】

short 作为副词,意为“突然地;短暂地;简短地;提早地”。如:She spoke short at the meeting. shortly作为副词,意为“不久;立刻;简短地”。如:He is shortly to leave for Japan.

注意:short用作副词时,常用在一些固定词组中。如:

cut sb./sth. short结束或中断go short of欠缺run short of用完

【clean; cleanly】

clean作为副词,意为“径直地;完全地”。如:I clean forgot about it. 我完全忘记它了。

cleanly作为副词,意为“干净利落地”。如:The knife doesn’t cut clearly. 这把刀切起来不利落。【clear; clearly】

clear作为副词,意为“完全地;径直地”。如:You can see clear to the mountains today.

The prisoner got clear away. 这个囚犯逃得无影无踪。

clearly作为副词,意为“清楚地;显而易见地”。如:Can you see clearly from here?

【dead; deadly】

dead作为副词,意为“突然地;完全地”。如:He was dead tired. The wind was dead against us. deadly 作为副词,意为“死一般地;极度地;致命地”。如:deadly pale deadly serious

【direct; directly】

direct作为副词,意为“直线地;不绕圈子地”。如:The train goes there direct.

directly作为副词,意为“直接地(反义为间接地);立刻;马上”。如:

She answered me very directly and openly. I’ll be there directly.

【考题示例】After watching the movie Avadar, Mary lay in bed with her eyes open while all her family were asleep. D.wide; sound

(2)两种形式,词义差别较大

late晚You have come too late.

lately 最近What have you been doing lately?

free免费You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.

freely 自由地You may speak freely; say what you like.

most 很,非常,最He is most kind to me.

mostly 主要地,大部分She is mostly at home on Sundays.

hard 努力地Think harder.

hardly 几乎不,简直不I can hardly understand you.

五、形容词和副词比较等级的基本句型

句型(1)as + adj./ adv.原级+ as / not as/ so + adj./ adv.原级+as

注意:当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式。

This is as good an example as the other is. = This is an example as good as the other is.

句型(2)adj./ adv.比较级+ than / less + adj./ adv.原级+ than

You are less tall than I.

注意:比较级后面跟有名词时,有时需要加适当的冠词。

Tom is the taller of the two brothers. I have never read a better story.

句型(3)the + 最高级+ of/ among+ 同类名词/ in +范围、地点等名词/定语从句(…have ever …) This cake is the most delicious of all/ in the shop/ I have ever had.

注意:①当没有比较的范围时,most表示非常,相当于very,此时没有比较概念。例如:Steel is most useful / a most useful material in industry.

②"否定词语+比较级","否定词语+ so… as"结构表示最高级含义。

Nothing is so easy as this.=Nothing is easier than this.=This is the easiest thing. We couldn’t feel better.(4)比较等级的修饰语

①强调一方超过另一方的程度或数量时,可在比较级前加表示程度的状语,如even、a lot、a bit、a little、still、much、far、yet、by far等修饰。

注意:by far通常用于强调最高级。用于比较级时,一般放在比较级的后面,如在前面,应在二者中间加“the”。如:He is taller by far than his brother. He is by far the taller of the two brothers.

②最高级可被序数词以及much、by far、nearly、almost 、by no means、not quite、not really、nothing like 等词语所修饰。

③原级可被very, too, so, enough, rather, quite, fairly等等修饰。

句型(4)the+比较级,the+比较级。表示“越…越…”

The more you practise,the better you can understand.你练习的越多你理解的就越透。(

1)双方比较,表示一方超过另一方时,用“比较级(+ than)”的结构表示。要注意题干中将比较的另一方隐藏起来的情况。

句型(5)表示一方不及另一方时,用“less +原级+than”的结构表示。This room is less beautiful than that one.句型(6)不与其他事物相比,表示本身程度的改变时,用“比较级+ and + 比较级”的结构,意思是“越来越……”。如:The weather is getting colder and colder. The girl becomes more and more beautiful.

(8)三者及其以上之间的比较,要用最高级。

(9)否定词+比较级,可以用来表达最高级的意思。如:I couldn’t agree more.我非常同意。

(10)某些以-ior结尾的形容词进行比较时,用to代替than。这些词有inferior(劣等的,次的)、superior (较好的,优于……)、junior(资历较浅的)、senior(资格较老的)、prior(在……之前)等。

He is superior to Mr. Zhang in chemistry.

(11)用介词by表示相差的程度。

He is taller than I by a head.他比我高一头。

(12)more.., than...表示“如其说……不如说……”。It is more blue than green.

六、倍数的表达的常用句型

句型(1)A is three / four...times the size / height / length / width...of B. 如:

The newly broadened square id four times the size of the previous one.

新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。

句型(2)A is three / four...times as big / high / long / wide...as B. 如:

This tree is three times as tall as that one. 这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。

句型(3)A is three / four...times bigger / higher / longer / wider...than B. 如:

The dictionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one.

七、形容词、副词重难点透视

1考查比较级中比较范围和对象的一致性

在比较级结构中,互比对象要一致,切不能相互包容。体会下面几种表达方式:

(1)比较的范围

结构(1)…than any other+单数名词==…than any+单数名词+else ==…than any of the other+复

数名词(同一范畴的比较) ==…than any of the others ==…than all the other+复数名词(all the others)

China is larger than any other country in Asia. China is larger than any country else in Asia.

China is larger than any of the other countries in Asia.

结构(2)…than any other +复数名词==…than any+单数名词==…than any of the+复数名词(不同范畴的比较)

China is larger than any other countries in Africa. China is larger than any country in Africa.

China is larger than any of the countries in Africa.

(2)比较的对象:

互比对象一致时为避免重复,常用that 或those表示特定指代,不定的指代用one(复数形式用ones)。

①The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.

②The radios made in our factory are better than those in your factory.

③I prefer a street in a small town to one in such a large city as Shanghai.

④The house built of brick last longer than that of wood.

2.考查否定的隐含比较和省略现象

在实际运用中,比较的对象在上下文中经常隐含、省略,而借助否定意义来考查比较级的应用已成为困绕学生的一大难点。体会:

(1)John feels better, please don’t worry. (现在与过去比)

(2)We all hope to live in a better world. (现在与将来比)

(3)Things can’t be worse! Why don’t you do anything to stop them?(将来的情况与现在比)

(4)He had never spent a more worrying day. (过去与过去以前比)

(5)常见句型

结构(1):否定词(never ,not nothing...)+比较级, 表达最高级概念Nothing is more valuable than health.

结构(2):否定词(never ,not nothing...)+so +adj+as,表达最高级概念None is so blind as those who won't see.

3. 考查多个形容词作定语的词序问题

多个形容词修饰同一中心名词,词序的排列是记忆的难点和重点。

【考题示例】

(1)This ______ girl is Linda’s cousin. A. pretty little Spanish

(2)The husband gave his wife______ every month in order to please her. D. all his half income

(3)The ______ house smells as if it hasn’t been lived in for years. A. little white wooden

4 考查形容词、副词词义的辩析问题

近几年高考不仅加强了对语义的考查,而且更注重对词汇扩展能力的考查。做题时,要结合语境,注意惯用法和固定搭配,认真辨析,作出正确选择。

知识链接:常考易考型副词归类

partly部分地particularly尤其、特别obviously 显而易见地

occasionally偶然地namely即,也就是frankly 空白地,坦白地

eventually最终地narrowly`勉强地gradually 逐渐地

eagerly急切地extremely极限,非常naturally 自然而然地

basically基本地especially尤其、特别accidentally 偶然地

purposefully故意地generously慷慨地unfortunately 不幸地

patiently耐心地environmentally环保地(的)

5.考查倍数表达的常用句型

【注意】用times表示倍数时,一般只限于三倍或三倍以上的数,表示两倍常用twice或double。

6. 考查特殊结构和固定搭配问题

形容词、副词部分有许多特殊结构和表达方式,归纳与考点有密切联系的部分如下:

特殊结构(1): too…to句型的两个意义

表示否定意义,意为“太…而不能”。如:

This question is too hard for me to understand..这个问题太难,我理解不了。

The flower is too beautiful to last. 花太美,难经久。

表示肯定意义,意为“非常,很,极”。当too后面接easy, ready, eager, inclined, willing, thankful , delighted 等形容词时,too表示“很,非常”之意,与very表达“很”的意思相同。当too前有all, but, only等词时,形成only too/but /all too…to do结构,仍旧表达“非常,很,极”之意。

特殊结构(2): A is to B what C is to D. “A至于B就如C至于D。”

Engines are to machines as hearts are to animals.

特殊结构(2): than的习惯短语

◆more than “超过,多于;十分,非常;不仅仅”

I was more than surprised at his sudden arrival. 对他的突然到来我非常吃惊。

more...than “与其┉不如”

He was more frightened than hurt. It had more the characteristic of a foolish dream than of a nightmare.

?rather than “而非,不”“宁愿┉也不”(would/had rather....than)

Hr resigned rather than take part in such a dishonest transaction.

I would rather have the small one than the big one. I would rather you came tomorrow than today. Rather than take a bus to school, I'd prefer to walk

?other than常译为“除…之外”“不同于”;在否定结构中,形成no/not/nothing/other than 的结构搭配。常译为“正是、恰好是”,“除了…别无” 。

It was no other than my old friend Jones. At that time I had no other choice than follow them aimlessly.

Until very recently no school lessons were held in languages other than English.

There are no other than so deaf as those who will not hear.

The result was quite other than we had expected.

?nothing else than“仅仅;完全地”(only, entirely)

His failure was due to nothing else than his own carelessness.

more than a little “非常,很”。

She was more than a little sad when saying“Goodbye”to her boy friend.

more often than not “经常,在大多数情况下”

More often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.

John is a fairly good runner. He wins more often than not.

【高频考点突破】

考点一、倍数表达法

表示倍数的句型:

(1)A is+倍数+比较级+than+B (2)A is+倍数+as+原级+as+B

(3)A is+倍数+the+名词(size,length,height 等)+of+B

(4)A is+倍数+that+of+B (5)A is+倍数+what 引导的名词性从句

①This building is three times higher than that one.

This building is three times as high as that one. This building is three times the height of that one.

②The output of this year is 3 times that of 2012.=The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 20012.

③After the new technique was introduced,the factory produced twice as many cars in 2012as the year before. 考点二:形容词副词的比较级和最高级

1.“as+形容词+(a/an)+名词+as”表示同级比较,注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。

It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.

2.“as+形容词/副词的原级+as”与“not as/so+形容词/副词的原级+as”表示同级比较,即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同)。

The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine.

3.“the+比较级+of the two +名词”表示“两者中较……的那个”。

The taller of the two boys is my brother.

4.a+形容词比较级+n.……

After two years’ research,we have a far better understanding of the disease.

We went to the USA in search of a better life.

5.比较级的修饰语常见的有:rather,much,still,even,far,any(用于否定句或疑问句),a lot,a little,a great deal,by far,a bit 等。

The students study even harder than before. A car runs a great deal faster than a bike.

6.最高级

(1)最高级的修饰语常见的有:序数词,by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not really,not quite,nothing like。

The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.

I’d like to buy the second most expensive camera.

(2)否定词+比较级=最高级。

There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.

—Are you satisfied with what he said at the meeting?—No.It couldn’t have been worse.

考点三、形容词、副词的基本用法

1.形容词作状语表示伴随或结果,并不表达动作的方式。

After the long journey,the three of them went back home,hungry and tired.

2.有些副词还可以作连词,作副词时常放在句末。如:though,(ever)since,in case等

He is old.He works hard,though.=Though he is old,he works hard.

3.有些副词置于句首可修饰全句,作评注性状语。如:obviously,naturally,surprisingly等Fortunately,he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA.

Happily for her,her stepmother was kind to her.

4.can not/never 与enough 或too连用表示:无论怎样都不过分;越……越好。

—I was riding alone in the street and all of a sudden,a car cut in and knocked me down.

—You can never be too careful in the street.

【难点探究】

1.考查形容词与副词的基本用法

形容词修饰名词,副词修饰动词、副词或句子等。这是有关形容词和副词的最基本的用法。

【例】How much better she looked without her glasses!

A. well

B. good

C. best

D.better

【例】It seems that living green is easy and affordable. A small step makes a big difference.

A. exactly

B. fortunately

C. surprisingly

D. hardly

【例】In the good care of the nurses , the boy is recovering from his heart operation .

A quietly

B actually

C practically

D gradually

2.在语境中考查形容词与副词的选择

即在特定语境中考查有关形容词或副词的用法。做这类题时通常无需进行细微的用法辨析,而只需根据语境(句意)选出一个最恰当(使句意最通顺)的形容词或副词即可。

【例】Progress so far has been very good.——,we are sure that the project will be completed on time.

A. However

B.Otherwise

C.Therefore

D. Besides

【例】A new____bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate two months ago. (2007天津卷)

A. normal

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e97178122.html,ual

C.regular

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e97178122.html,mon

【例】She devoted herself_____ to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field.

A. strongly

B.extremely

C.entirely

D. freely

3.在语境中考查比较等级的用法。

【例】According to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer _________ a woman. A. than B. such C. so D. as

【例】Of the two coats, I'd choose the __ one to spare some money for a book. (2007 四川卷)

A. cheapest

B.cheaper

C.more expensive

D.mostexpensive

【例】The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted____if it had been put in the fridge for a little while.

A. good

B.better

C.best

D.well

4.考查比较等级的修饰语的用法

【例】After two years' research, we now have a better understanding of the disease.

A. very

B.far Cfairly D.quite

5.考查more than等习语的用法

其中包括more than,less than,not more than,no more than,not less than,no less than等。做题时要注意结合各习语的意思以及相关句子的语境进行综合考虑。

【例】——Do you need any help, Lucy?

——Yes,the job is____I could do myself.

A. less than

B.more than

C.no more than

D.not more than

6.考查“never+比较级”的用法

有时“never+比较级”的意思相当于一个最高级的意思。例如:I've never had a better flight.我从来没有过比这更舒适的飞行。其意相当于:这是我最舒适的飞行。

【例】Your story is perfect; I've never heard____before.

A. the better one

B.the best one

C.abetter one

D.a good one

7. 形容词与副词同义词的辨析是难点。

【例】John is very if he promises to do something he’ll do it .

A independent

B confident

C reliable

D flexible

【例】Frank put the mediocre in the top drawer to make sure it would not be_______ to the kids.

A. accessible

B. relative

C. acceptable

D. sensitive

形容词和副词比较等级导学案

形容词和副词的比较等级复习案 一、大多数的形容词、副词有三个等级:原级、_______和_______。 1. 原级的用法(填空并举例) 1) 表示双方程度相同或不同时。肯定式用__________________表示。 否定式用_________________表示。 2) as...as possible (表示_______________),如: 3) too + ___________________ + to do sth “太......而不能......” 4) _______________+ enough + to do sth “足够......去做......” 5) 当so...that句型中主句和从句的主语不一致时,转换成too...to do sth和......enough to do sth时,在不定式前需加_________________做不定式的逻辑主语。 2. 比较级和最高级的构成(填空并举例) 1) 单音节词和部分双音节词: ①一般在原级词尾加_______ 或_______构成。 ②以e结尾只加_______或_______构成。 ③以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母,先_______写这个辅音字母再加 _______ 或_______构成。 ④以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,变y为_______再加_______或_______构成。 2) 多音节词: 在原级前加_________或____________构成。 3) 部分不规则变化。 3. 比较级的用法(填空并举例) 1) 两者进行比较时,用____________表示。 注意:than 之后的人称代词在口语中可以用宾格。如果人称代词之后跟着谓语时,则只能用__________格。 2) than之后常常省去在意义上和主句相同的谓语成分。 Jim is younger than Ben ( is ). 吉姆比本年龄小。 3) 当than前后使用的动词相同时,通常用助动词代替后面的动词,该动词或助动词还可以省略。 4) What / Which / Who ...better, A or B? 4. 使用比较级时应注意的问题: 1) 比较级前可以使用程度副词,如:_______________________等,或使用数量词或短语修饰,表示“......得多" "甚至......","更......一些(一点)"。 2) 比较级的惯用结构: ①“__________ + and + _________”或“more and more + ___________”,译为“越来越……”。 ②“the + __________ +……,the + _________ +……”,译为“越……,就越……”。 ③“比较级+ than any other + ____________”,译为“比其他任何......都......”,表示________级的含义。 3) 形容词比较级也可以用句型“the + ________ + of the two”, 译为“两个中比较......”。 4) 选择疑问句可用比较级形式。 5. 最高级的用法: _______者或_______者以上相比,用最高级。____词的最高级前不加冠词。 1) 表示比较范围的介词短语:一般由_________或________引导。

形容词的比较级教学设计

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到他人的肯定。因此我在教学活动中尽量让他们参与到活动中来,有更多的机会来说英语,减少他们的恐惧感,缺少丰富的语言基础,对某些任务的完成有一定的难度,通过学生间的合作学习,降低他们的学习难度,使他们体验到成功的喜悦。 五、教学重点及难点 教学重点: 掌握比较级的构成及能够恰当地使用形容词比较级对不同的 人或事物进行比较,刻画出某人或某物较之另一人或物更为突出的某一性质、状态或特点等。 教学难点: 使用形容词比较级对两个人或事物进行某一方面性质、状态或特点的比较时,必须牢记比较的对象必须为同一类事物,不同类的事物不能相互进行比较。 六、教学资源选择教材、教学PPT 七、教学过程 (一)创设情境导入新课 用简单易学的英语歌曲《the more we get together》,调动起全班学生的学习热情。这部分的设计采用的是兴趣型的教学策略。旨在上课初吸引同学们的注意力。 (二)利用多媒体逐步出现7组图,分别是引导学生说出比较级的变化规则及感受比较级的简单句型。 用图片直观展示和归纳的形式讲解形容词原级变比较级的规

初中形容词副词详细讲解及 训练

一、形容词的用法: (一)概念:形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征,通常将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一 定都放在名词前面。 1. 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词。 2. 叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词,这类形容词大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如:afraid, asleep, awake,alone等。 (二)形容词的种类 1. 品质形容词:英语中大量形容词属于这一类,他们表示人或物的品 质,如: The play was boring. 那出戏很枯燥乏味。 You have an honest face. 你有一张诚实的脸。 2. 颜色形容词有少数表示颜色的形容词,如: She had on a blue coat. 她穿了一件蓝色的外套。 3. -ing 形容词:有大量现在分词正在或已经变为形容词,如: 4. –ed形容词:它们是由它们的过去分词变过来的,一般有被动意义,多数为品质形容词,如: She looked tired. 5. 合成形容词: warm-hearted 热心的, heart-breaking 令人心碎的 (三)形容词的用法和在句中的位置 1、形容词在句中主要可用作: 1)定语: What a fine day! 2)表语: She looks happy. 3)宾语的补语(构成合成宾语): Do you think it necessary? 你认为这有必要吗? 4)状语: He arrived home, hungry and tired. 他又饿又累的回到家里。 2、形容词在句中的位置:有的形容词放在被修饰的名词之前,称为前置形容词;少数形容词放在被修饰的名词之后,称为后置形容词。2)当形容词词组相当于一个定语从句时,或形容词用来修饰somebody, something, anything, nothing 等的时候,便会出现后置形容词。如:

形容词和副词导学案

高2016级形容词和副词导学案 一、形容词和副词的基本用法 1.形容词 (1)定义:修饰名词和部分代词,表示人或事物的性质,状态和特征的词叫形容词。(2)功能:作定语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、状语 1)作定语 ①作前置定语 形容词作定语一般位于名词之前。 wonderful weather 不错的天气interesting books有趣的书 ②作后置定语 a.表语形容词如available, alive,afraid, awake, alone, asleep, worth等作定语修饰名词时,常放于被修饰词的后面。 Worried about the time available (可利用的), Mary had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in Beijing. Money alone can not create fortune.钱本身不能创造财富。 The baby still asleep might be awake very soon.还在熟睡的婴儿可能马上就会醒来。 b. 形容词在修饰someone, somebody, something, anyone, anybody, anything, nobody, nothing等不定代词时,需要置于其后。 something interesting 有趣的事情nothing serious 没什么要紧的 anyone drunk任何喝醉酒的人 c. 两个意义相反的形容词间用and, or和but连用作定语时,常需要后置。 A man, poor but contented,is to be envied.贫穷但知足的人该被人羡慕。 d. away, long, wide, high, deep, thick, old等词与数词短语连用时,要后置。 The street is 50 meters wide .这条街50米宽。 The tallest person in China is about 236cm tall.中国最高的人大约236cm。 e. 多个形容词修饰名词的排列顺序: 限观形龄色国材途+被修饰n. ①a big round conference table一张大而圆的会议桌 ②her charming small round pink face她迷人的小而圆的粉红脸蛋 ③those beautiful little old Chinese porcelain vases那些漂亮的小巧的中国古瓷花瓶 2) 作表语 跟在系动词be, feel, get, become, prove, go等后,作表语。 The theory proved correct.这个理论证明是正确的。 3) 作补足语 形容词可以作主语补足语和宾语补足语。主语补足语说明主语的性质、状态或特征,宾语补足语说明宾语的性质、状态或特征。 We were all made tired and bored. 我们都被弄得很疲惫、无趣。 4) 作状语 形容词或其短语作状语时表示原因、伴随或方式。 ①Hungry and tired. I had to stop to have a rest.(原因状语) 又累又饿,我只好停下来休息一下。 ②She was lying in bed, awake.(伴随状语) 她躺在床上,没睡。

初中形容词和副词讲解与练习

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中考形容词和副词专题学案设计(含答案)

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初中英语形容词和副词讲解与专项练习题 形容词 形容词是用来描述或修饰名词的词,表示人或事物的性质或特征。 ,当形容词修饰不定代词时,应放在不定代词之后。 如:I have something important to tell you . 形容词短语作定语时应放在被修饰与之后。 如:The box full of books is very heavy. 2形容词作表语 形容词作表语的位置在连系动词之后。 如:The music sounds beautiful. 英语中有一部分形容词只能作表语,不能作定语,这种形容词叫做“表语形容词”,常见的有:sorry , afraid ,ill, glad, alone, worth, 3形容词作宾语补足语 形容词作宾语补足语的位置在宾语之后。 The new teacher made us happy every class. 4 形容词名词化。 某些形容词前加上定冠词后就相当于名词,指“某一类人或物。”We should look after the old and love the young .(我们应该尊老爱幼) (二)形容词的比较等级大多数的形容词有三个等级:原级,比较级,最高级。 原级就是形容词的原形,比较级和最高级的词性有规则与不规则之分。 1形容词的比较级和最高级的构成 (1)规则变化(单音节和部分双音节词) a 一般在词尾加er或est b 以e结尾的只加r或st c 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母再加er或est d 以“辅音字母+y” 结尾的,先变y为I再加er或est 多音节和部分双音节在词前加more或most (1)不规则变化 good/well- better-best bad/ill/badly- worse –worst little many/much- far old –elder-elder(年长的) 2 形容词比较等级的用法 (1)同级比较用法 英语中同级比较句型常用的有两种:as+形容词原级+as和not so(as) 形容词原级+as…句型。如: The box is as heavy as that one. (2 )比较级的用法 1 / 4

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