张保红文学翻译作业6(小说EC)-原文

Nephew from Turkey

Ilyas Halil

One day last year, there was a sudden knock on the door. Without warning, my nephew had arrived from Turkey! When I had last seen him, he was knee-high to a grasshopper, with timid eyes, ears like two fans, two front teeth missing, short hair and continually dirty hands. You know, the look that fits every nephew. I liked and was closely attached to him. With that knee-high-to-a-grasshopper size, he used to look up at me as if viewing a telephone pole, his amber eyes smiling and secretly making fun of me. The legs sticking out of his short pants were a little crooked. Though his eyes were straight, he appeared a bit cross-eyed. I felt sorry when I looked at him…and I never got angry with him or hit him. When we talked, he seemed to have a weight on his shoulders and appeared offended. When he was guilty, this attribute definitely worsened. His eyes grew moist and his voice softened to where he could hardly be heard; it trembled like a leaf. Those who saw him, thought him an orphan and felt sorry. They felt like putting their hands in their pockets and giving him some spending money or candy. In spite of my hitting my other nephews for any old thing, this one I cou ldn?t touch. I loved the little son of a gun!

At home, no matter who got angry, our nephew managed to keep his distance. If you spoke to him, he didn?t reply. If he did answer, it was quietly. Even if you hit him, he was quiet. When taking a beating, instead of increasing, his wailing decreased. Thus, the anger of who ever was beating him turned to compassion and the boy was saved from further punishment. Only much later did I come to this conclusion. When talking with others I observed that our lad had neither crooked legs, cross-eyes nor big ears hanging like fig leaves. Furthermore, when he got mad, he knew how to yell his head off. It was only when he detected danger that his legs went crooked, his ears grew and his eyes crossed.

I hadn?t seen my nephew for the fifteen years since I had emigrated to Canada. He had become a strapping young man, handsome and strong! After bidding him welcome, I asked a few questions about what he planned to do.

“What job will you take, Nephew??

“Golly, Uncle, I?ll do any jo b there is. Nothing will get away fro m me. Just say it, I?ll do it.

I?ve done everything! I?ve been a carpenter, electrician, peddler, shoemaker, tailor, auto mechanic; you want more? I?ve been all of these!”

“Too bad! So you didn?t get the chance to go to college?”

“What kind of talk is that, Uncle! I finished law school.”

“Very well, my boy, but how did you find time to do all these things? You?re only twenty-three years old! How did you manage all these jobs and still go to college?”

“Uncle, don?t worry about the details! Just eat the grapes and don?t ask about the vineyard! If you don?t believe me, show me a broken electric sewing machine, radio, electric shaver or a juicer and I?ll repair it. You can?t tell a suit I?ve reversed the cloth on from a new o ne. If I turn that handkerchief pocket over it will look real sharp! It?s not hard to sell old clothes for new! If it?s food you want, let me cook for you today! See if what I cook isn?t so delicious you can?t eat enough of it? The flavor will stay on your palate a hundred years! There?s nothing I don?t know, Uncle!”

I saw that our boy certainly had learned “to shoot the bull.” I?ve heard of all types but never one like this. The boy was a walking trades guild! Furthermore, he had studied law! Be logical, I thought to myself. If a person spent two years learning each job, it would take fifty years to learn all these professions. “Something?s rotten in Denmark.” It?ll probably surface later!

“What job can you get here? Forget law for now. The source of Canadi an law is not Roman law. Napoleonic Civil Law isn?t in effect here, either, ” I told him.

“Napoleonic Law? What?s that? We didn?t study such law.”

“You mean you don?t know who Napoleon was?”

“No,” replied our nephew.

“So-o-o, what kind of history did you s tudy??

“Ordinary history, Uncle! Only we didn?t have a history teacher. A captain came to our class, a history buff from the nearby regiment. He gave us lots of lessons on soldiering and the repair of weapons. Because of him, I became a Number One gunsmith. Bring whatever you want! Blindfolded, I can take apart a machine gun and assemble it again, I can even repair heavy tanks. If you want, I?ll make you a pistol form a water pipe! I know lots about weapons. Our captain used to say, “After you know weapons,you make history yourself. There?s no need to learn history someone else has made!” I don?t know who defeated whom in battle nor what year. What do I care?

Would that make me powerful? It?s hot air! Nah! If this right arm is strong, OK, forget the rest!”

“Very well, Nephew! Tomorrow, let?s go to the capital and register you at the embassy.”

“Are we going to Washington, Uncle?”

“Come on, is Washington the capital of Canada？Who taught you geography, my boy?”

“O-hoh, Uncle, look at the question you asked. Gee, in a lifetime, who is going to ask me the capital of Canada? Instead of that, I learned more useful things! If your coat gets torn today will knowledge about Canada save you expense? Or is knowledge of sewing needed? Tell me, Uncle! The things our geogr aphy teacher taught us are always useful. After our school?s geography teacher, Omer Temel, left to open a grocery store, the town tailor, Kasim Effendi, who knew how to read and write, came to teach the geography class. He taught us for six years. We learned a lot! Every year, we turned the cloth on two suits of clothes. We patched and learned to press! We learned how to sew trousers. Our teacher said, “Learn this and in life you?ll never go hungry. Instead of memorizing the names of infidel foreign cities, or learning their rivers, learn something useful! What?s that knowledge good for except to climb mountains and tear up your shoes? For what God-awful reason do you learn the population of Berlin or London? Doesn?t the number change every year? Not only every year, it changes every day, every hour! Thousands of people die, are born, come and go…Don?t those geographers have any brains? They never get tired of giving false figures to the students.”

“Tailor Kasim Effendi used to say, “Now see! Look at Haydar,the literature teacher?s house, then mine! Tell me now, whose knowledge is the most useful? Haydar Bey writes poetry, but he?s hungry; so what?s the use of this knowledge? Come and see whose knowledge provides more bread, butter and honey. Come and see who lives more comfortably. Pay attention to what I say! Learn what I show you and you won?t eat bread without butter and honey!”

I listened to my nephew in amazement. What he said was probably true. I compared my situation with his. There was a chasm between us! I was a graduate history teacher, fifty-three years old. For the past fifteen years I?ve continued at the university every winter learning new things. Every year, I realize how far behind I am! In spite of this, in the same place, like a donkey?s tail, I teach on and on, hoping for better things! With this way of life it seems I?m getting nowhere.

“Very well, my boy, how?s your mathematics?” I asked.

“Hot as a pistol, Uncle. Not a thing wrong with it! We learned mathematics fr om its origin. Ther e was no one better than our teacher. If you searched all of Turkey, you truly couldn?t find a better teacher. Mison came to us for math. He was the accountant for a big institution. He taught us how to count money, put the excess in the safe and to bargain.

“He impressed on us the fine points of addition and subtraction. For example: when buying a product, addition is one thing when selling, something else. It?s the same with subtraction! Not everyone knows these fine points. Mison is a man who gives the government the run-around. He prepares tax returns every year and it?s impossible to find a mistake in them. The government offered him thousands of lira: …Come and be our Minister of Finance!?He didn?t accept. …I?m just a servant to free principles!? he replied. Truly, he was a modest man. It?s too bad we couldn?t learn multiplication and division form him. But never mind, I?ll handle the situation with addition and subtraction. Thank God, I haven?t been cheated yet.”

“All right, son, didn?t you have diff iculty in college with such a two-bit education??

“What difficulty, Uncle? The teachers had the difficulty from us. It was really easy for us. At this time I learned auto repair. In the second year of law, our professor of International Law was sick and di dn?t come to class the whole year. During those class periods, I went to the garage across from the university and worked. I did auto repairs. American tourists used to bring their cars to the garage. So I learned foreign money and exchange in addition to improving my knowledge of English. That year I earned as much as a professor.”

I was becoming more and more interested. This was a philosophy of education unfamiliar to me. They were educating students in an atmosphere conforming to the goings-on in the world.

“OK, son, what did you learn carpentry in place of??

“I didn?t learn it in place of anything, Uncle! When our professor of Civil Law suddenly died at the beginning of the school year, I worked at a carpentry shop to fill my spare time. Uncle, I have no regrets that I learned this. I built our house. Foundation, walls, ceiling, furniture----I made everything. Too bad I didn?t stay there longer.

“Six months later, a teacher came to our college of Medicine, a specialist in internal medicine. From him, I p icked up many facts related to civil law. He?d been in the College of Medicine when one of his teachers died; a professor of Civil Law then came to teach them. So that?s how he learned a great deal about law. That year he also increased our knowledge of health. If someone

gets sick at home, I understand their condition, more or less. I know how to administer aspirin and quinine. Working on cruise ships, I measured blood pressure for two seasons and made lots of money. I was just about to become a doctor!”

M y nephew?s treasury of knowledge knew no bounds. He had learned something about everything. In Canada, he worked on and off… He couldn?t hold a job anywhere. Everything he did was third-rate, so they gave him the gate. One day, we found that he?d packed up his stuff and returned to Turkey. According to our latest news, in one year the boy became a millionaire.

We correspond. In every letter he says, “Work hard on your university courses, Ha!”

The Lemon Lady

Katiti

We called her the "Lemon Lady" because of the sour-puss face she always presented to the public and because she grew the finest lemons we had ever seen, on two huge trees in her front garden. We often wondered why she looked so sour and how she grew such lemons ----but we could find out nothing about her. She was an old lady----at least 70 years of age, at a guess, perhaps more.

One day we answered an advertisement for a flat to rent, as we had been asked to leave ours as soon as we could, and when we went to the address given, it was the house of the Lemon Lady.

She didn't "unfreeze" during the whole of our interview. She said the flat would not be ready for occupation for about a month; that she had 45 names on her list and might add more before it was ready and then she would just select the people to suit her best. She was not antagonistic, just firm and austere, and I gathered that we were not likely to be the ones selected.

As my husband and I were leaving, I said, "How do you grow those wonderful lemons?" She gave a wintry smile, which transformed her whole expression and made her look sweet and somehow pitiful.

"I do grow nice lemons," she replied. We went on to tell her how much we had always admired them every time we had passed, and she opened up and told us quite a lot about this fruit.

“You know the general theory of pruning, I suppose?" She asked.

"Oh," said my husband, "I understand about pruning fruit trees and roses, but you must not prune lemons, or so I understand." He added these last words when he saw from the Lemon Lady's expression that he had said the wrong thing.

"No," said the Lemon Lady, "you must not prune lemons unless you want them to grow like mine. What is the reason for pruning?"

"Well, to cut off dead or diseased wood; to prevent one branch chafing another; to let the sunlight into the center of the bush and to promote the growth of the more virile buds."

"Very nicely put," said the Lemon Lady. "And why do you think that lemons are better with dead or diseased wood on them; why should you not let sunlight into them; why should allowing many sickly buds to develop make it a healthier tree?"

"I hadn't thought about it at all," confessed my husband rather shame-facedly, as he prides himself on being an original thinker, and here he was allowing an old lady to out-think him. "Everyone here said you mustn't prune lemons, so I thought it must be right."

We thanked her for the information and left, on much better terms with her than we would have ever thought possible. We even felt quite a degree of affection towards her.

In the course of the next three weeks we saw several places that might have been to let but which for various reasons we could not get. Eventually we got a place that suited us very well and I returned to tell the Lemon Lady that we would not be needing her flat.

She was very nice and gave me afternoon tea. She said in her precise and careful style, "I'm glad you have a house for your own sake and for the sake of your little boy, because a flat is no place for a child, especially a boy. But for my own sake, I'm very sorry. I had decided to let you have the flat because I think we could have got on very well together and because you liked my lemons."

As I left, she handed me a bag with two huge lemons in it. They were the most magnificent I have ever seen----huge and without blemish, and two were all the load I would care to carry. As I looked back from the gate and saw her sweet smile, I wondered why we had called her the Lemon Lady.

As my husband said to me afterwards, "No one could do anything so well as she grew those lemons, without being very proud of the accomplishment, and our touching on them was a good

point in psychology." We have used that idea to good effect several times since then.

At the house we did rent was a decayed, dying old lemon tree with the woodlice playing havoc with the remnant of its body. My husband shook his head sadly as he gazed at it. "Too late for treatment, I'm afraid," he said, but he set to and pruned it ruthlessly. We were in that house for four years and from the second year onward, we each had the juice of a lemon every morning, and when we left we took with us two 60-pound cases of lemons from the tree, and after we left a friend wrote and asked why we had not picked the lemons before we left.

We still call her the Lemon Lady, but the term is now one of pure affection.

Hate

(Excerpt)

Hendrik Willem Van Loon

Suddenly the war was over, and Hitler was captured and brought to Amsterdam. A military tribunal condemned him to death. But how should he die? To shoot or hang him seemed too quick, too merciful. Then someone uttered what was in everybody's mind: the man who had caused such incredible suffering should be burned to death.

"But," objected one judge, "our biggest public square in Amsterdam holds only 10,000 people, and 7,000,000 Dutch men, women and children will want to be there to curse him during his dying moments."

Then another judge had an idea. Hitler should be burned at the stake, but the wood was to be ignited by the explosion of a handful of gunpowder set off by a long fuse which should start in Rotterdam and follow the main road to Amsterdam by way of Delft, The Hague, Leiden and Haarlem. Thus millions of people crowding the wide avenues which connect those cities could watch the fuse burn its way northward to Herr Hitler's funeral pyre.

A plebiscite was taken as to whether this was a fitting punishment. There was 4,981,076 yeas and one nay. The nay was voted by a man who preferred that Hitler be pulled to pieces by four horses.

At last the great day came. The ceremony commenced at four o'clock on a June morning. The mother of three sons who had been shot by the Nazis for an act of sabotage they did not commit set fire to the fuse while a choir sang a solemn hymn of gratitude. Then the people burst forth into a shout of triumph.

The spark slowly made its way from Rotterdam to Delft, and on toward the great square in Amsterdam. People had come from every part of the country. Special seats had been provided for the aged and the lame and the relatives of murdered hostage.

Hitler, clad in a long yellow shirt, had been chained to the stake. He preserved a stoical silence until a little boy climbed upon the pile of wood surrounding the former Fuhrer and placed there a placard which read, "This is the world's greatest murderer." This so aggravated Hitler's pent-up feelings that he burst into one of his old harangues.

The crowd gaped, for it was a grotesque sight to see this little man ranting away just as if he were addressing his followers. Then a terrific howl of derision silenced him.

Now came the great moment of the day. About three o'clock in the afternoon the spark reached the outskirts of Amsterdam. Suddenly there was a roll of drums. Then, with an emotion such as they had never experienced before, the people sang the Wilhelmus, the national anthem. Hitler, now ashen-gray, futilely strained at his chains.

When the Wilhelmus came to an end, the spark was only a few feet from the gunpowder; five more minutes, Hitler would die a horrible death. The crowd broke forth to a shout of hate. A minute went by. Another minute. Silence returned. Now the fuse had only a few inches to go. And at that moment the incredible happened.

A wizened little man wriggled through the line of soldiers standing guard. Everybody knew who he was. Two of his sons had been machine-gunned to death by parachute troops; his wife and three daughters had perished in Rotterdam's holocaust. Since then, the poor fellow had seemed deprived of reason, wandering aimlessly about and supported by public charity—an object of universal pity.

But what he did now made the crowd turn white with anger. For he deliberately stamped upon the fuse and put it out.

"Kill him! Kill him!" the mob shouted. But the old man quietly faced the menacing populace. Slowly he lifted both arms toward heaven. Then in a voice charged with fury, he said:

"Now let us do it all over again!"

因为有了那个信箱

林荣芝

近来小镇治安有点乱。说是不知哪来了一个盗窃团伙，专乘上班时间破门撬窗入室作案。

前天，东开街王码电脑公司软件中心个体户被盗。

昨天，红卫街一专业户被盗。

今天，爱民巷一位当官的人家被破门。

消息不胫而走，弄得人心惶惶。警察局一下子破不了案，只好吩咐居委会挨家逐户做防盗宣传工作。

其实不做防盗宣传，人们也警惕了。就拿我的邻居来说吧，左右前后都安装上了铁门，运远望去就像牢房的铁栏一样，森严壁垒。

大约一星期前，妻子说：“咱家是不是也安个铁门？”

我想了想，说：“一个教书的，哪能像人家。就算贼佬破门而入室，碰到的都是书，一副铁门二百多块，两个月的工资哪！”

妻子无言了。这时邮递员又从我的门缝里塞进了报纸和信件。信件过厚，被塞破了。我这时才想起做一个报信箱。

正当我动手做信箱时，笃笃笃，有人敲门。开门时却使我吃了一惊！来人举起一把明晃晃的菜刀在我脸前晃着：“买不买，好刀！”

“不买不买！”我机械地反应。

“用粮票换。”来人伸手从挎包里又抽出一把尖刀，并有往屋里挤之势。

我吃力地掩门，不让进。他狠狠瞪了我一眼，眼珠子有些逼人。

“对不起，你走吧！”我暗生一种警惕。

第二天，我决心安装铁门。可一出去问价，贵得惊人，翻了三倍价。还

是等下月领薪再打算吧，我只好败兴而归。

回家开了信箱，不想邮速员又错投了信。我只好拿出毛笔，在门前的信

箱上写上了“林琳老师信箱”字样，以便提醒粗心的邮递员。

下午下班回来，左右邻居几家都在哭爹骂贼。我走去一看，原来是被盗

之故。贼人也真厉害，铁门也能破开。

我回家一看，门户紧锁，安然无恙。我长长吁了一口气。

警察来破案，队长前后左右，家家户户转了一圈又一圈，最后站在我家门前停下，自言自语地说：“为什么家家被盗，唯独他家完整无缺。”

“就是，而且都是安装了铁门的，”一位警察插嘴说，“这家没装铁门反没盗。”

听了他们的话，我倒紧张起来了，不知如何是好。“答案就在这里，”刑警队长眼睛一亮，说，“他家有个护身符！”

“什么护身符？”站在旁边的刑警问。

“就是这个信箱，”刑警队长说，“你没见写着‘老师’二字么？”

听了他们的话，我才松了口气。

从此，我的邻居全都在家门口钉上了一个信箱，而且都写上了“老师”字样。

如何学习《英美文学选读》

要通过《英美文学选读》这门课考试，不是考前“冲刺”一类的短训能奏效的。这门课难就难在它的阅读量很大，它包括英国和美国的诸多作家的诸多作品，而每一部作品就是一部书。现行统一教材在作家和作品的选取方面尽管已经是精而又精了，但还是不得不采用节选的办法来压缩篇幅。即便如此，为了更好地理解作品，考生还不得不在对整部作品了解的基础上，在教师指导下反复阅读节选，才能对节选部分的内容以及思想有较好的理解。不过文学阅读也有规律可循。下面的文字就“选读”课的性质、阅读时读取什么信息、现行试题各个部分的考查点是什么、如何回答简单论述题等问题，给考生一点提示，希望能对考生学习、复习《英美文学选读》课提供一些帮助。 第一部分《英美文学选读》课的性质 一、《英美文学选读》课的重点是作品顾名思义，“英美文学选读”是有选择地阅读英美文学史上有影响作家的重要作品，熟知作品内容，了解大多数批评家和读者已经接受的对这些作品主题的表述，并能从作品中找到、列举出证明这些表述的细节。这样的定义里有三个要注意的问题。一是作品内容，二是作品里的细节，三是节作品主题。三个同等重要，学习者不能只取其一。以小说为例，所谓作品内容，是指情节(plot)、场景(setting)、人物(characters)、语气(tone)、以及语言(style)。情节是指故事里所展示的事件和这些事件按作家意愿有序的安排，如事件发生的背景、事件中涉及的人物、事件本身(即冲突)、以及解决冲突的办法和结果。情节就是故事；没有情节就没有故事；熟知情节是理解文学作品，特别是小说和戏剧的第一、也是不可缺少的一步。不掌握故事情节，对作品进行深入分析就无从谈起。有故事当然就有人，对人物的分析是对作品分析的核心。语气是指作者在他／她刻画人物、安排情节、描写场景时所持的态度，而作者的态度直接影响我们对作品思想的理解。作者要表达自己对人物、事件的态度，只有通过文字才能与读者交流，而不同的作家使用语言的风格(style)是不一样的。如果掌握了以上内容，就掌握了细节，之所以把细节单列出来，是因为多数考生只记得大概情节，考试中不能用具体的细节进行人物或思想分析、评述，空话太多。劳伦斯小说《儿子与情人》(Sons and Lovers)里，成年的保罗是如何仍然生活在他母亲的掌控之下的细节，是分析这部作品里的人物和主题的关键，不能引用相关细节作为根据，分析就失去了基础。阅读文学作品一定要在一般性的了解情节的基础上，尽量记一些细节，细节显示考生对作品的熟悉程度。主题是对作品思想的高度概括。教材里作家作品概述和作品简介(斜体部分)，对作品主题已有简明准确的表述，考生不可不读。对这些表述的理解，又是以考生对作品内容、细节的掌握为基础的。作品内容、细节、主题是考生学习的重点。 两点说明： (一)这里我们姑且不讨论新批评对作者和作品关系的观点，也不去讨论接受美学和读者反映理论，本科阶段没有开设文学批评理论课，没有必要进行那样的讨论，教师也不要引入类似的话题，以免造成不必要的困惑。 (二)从历年考题来看，作家的生卒年月、家庭背景、接受教育情况、作品发表年代等都不在考察范围，考生不必在这些方面浪费时间。目前市场上有一些英美文学教材和辅导材料在作家生平上花费了相当的篇幅，有的甚至远远超过了对文学作品本身的介绍和分析，这类书籍对考生复习没有多大帮助。教育部组织专家编写的现行教材尽管可以再修改、完善，但它的最大好处是它给考生提供了学生最需要的作品概要和精确而恰当的分析(教材里作品前的斜体部分)，对考生从作品全貌理解文学作品很有帮助。 二、文学作品与文学史的关系关于文学作品和文学史哪个在先、以及哪个更重要的问题，我们还是留给专门的学者去争论，我们要搞清楚的是考生学习过程中应该以哪一个为重点的问题。前面讲选读课的性质时已经讲过，《英美文学选读》课的重点是作品，以往考试所包括的内容也充分说明了这一点，似乎没有争论的必要。但我们不得不考虑另一个无法回避的问题：如何对待教材中每个文学阶段前对该时期影响文学作品的经济、文化、社会、思想思

文学翻译报告模板

吉林华桥外国语学院研究生 翻译报告（文学翻译2012秋季） 姓名：XXX 学号：XXX 方向：笔译（英语） 任课教师：黄际英 二〇一二年十二月

Times New Roman， 小二号，居中，加粗 The Application of Free Translation in the Translation of Dawn 空一行 “意译法”在《拂晓》翻译实践中的应用 黑体三号，居中，加粗， 位于本页上四分之一处 姓名：XXX

Abstract This thesis is a translation project. Dawn is an inspirational short novel in America. The author explores the most crucial element in our lives, and shows his attitude for life. In the first chapter, the author expresses his opinion about marriage through the conversation of a couple. There is also complicate emotion with a quirky twist due to the pass of wife and the birth of dawn in the first chapter. The language of the first chapter is simple but powerful, including lots of philosophical views and implied meanings. The translation of Dawn is meaningful both in education and in language study. There are great differences in sentence patterns, expressions, and in thinking mode between English and Chinese, which leads to in-equivalence in translation. Literal translation sometimes can causes mechanical translation and mistranslation. To solve this problem, this essay mainly talks about in which three circumstances a translator should adopt free translation in the translation project of Dawn, giving a general idea to readers when to adopt free translation. (a) When literal translation is difficult to be understood. (b) When literal translation is unable to express implied meaning of the original. (c) When the source language comes down to religion cultures. In this three circumstances, the application of free translation make readers get a comprehension understanding of original novel, which is difficult for readers to reach with literal translation. Key Words : D awn ; Translation project; free translation; literal translation 空一行 空一行 Times New Roman 小二号，加粗，居中 每段 开头 空4个 字母 Times New Roman 小四号 空一行 Times New Roman 小四号，加粗 Times New Roman 小 四号，中间用分号隔开

自考英美文学选读 第一章 文艺复兴时期(英国)(课文翻译)

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课文翻译 英美报刊阅读教程中级精选本 第五版 端木义万 Lesson20

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自考英语本科英美文学选读教你投机取巧过英美文学整理加强版

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课文翻译 英美报刊阅读教程中级精选本 第五版 端木义万 Lesson 7

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乐山师范学院 翻译课程作业

1. The moon is a world that is completely still and where utter silence prevails.月亮是一个声断音绝的世界，是一个万籁俱寂的世界。 2. He blamed me for everything, which I thought very unfair.他把一切错误都归罪于我，我认为这很不公平。 3. On the platform I could see a black slave who was working the pump.我看见台子上有一个黑奴正在压水泵。（或者：我站在台子上看见一个黑奴正在压水泵。） 4. The imperialist states maintain enormous armies and gigantic navies which are used for oppressing and exploiting the people in distant land.帝国主义国家维持庞大的陆军和海军，用以压迫和剥削远地国家的人民。 5. Glass, which breaks at a blow, is nevertheless capable of withstanding great pressure.玻璃尽管一击就碎，但却能承受很大的压力。 6. She always tried to keep her outbursts of cries private.她总是尽量不当着众人的面哭出声来。 7. According to him everything is uncanny that ought to have remained hidden and secret and yet comes to light.他认为，所有本应该隐秘但却暴露出来的都是令人不可思议的东西。 8. Rivers have what man most respects and longs in his own life and thought – a capacity to get renewal and replenishment, continual energy, creativity, cleansing.江河具有不断更新和补充的本领，永远保持着活力、创新精神和紫晶自洁的能力，这正是人一生生活和思想中最珍惜

自考英美文学选读课文翻译 莎士比亚

威廉-莎士比亚 威廉-莎士比亚（1564-1616）是世界有史以来最著名的作剧家和诗人之一。凭着38部作品，154首十四行诗和2首长诗，他建立了他在世界文学史中的赫赫威名。他也被全世界各式各样的学者和评论家给予了最高的赞誉。在过去4百年间，关于莎士比亚的书籍和文章还不断大量出版。 莎士比亚可能出生于1564年4月23日埃文河畔斯特拉特福城的一户商人家庭。他的父亲的职业被传为是卖手套的、羊毛商人、农夫或者是屠夫，是一个镇上有点地位的人，并多次当选为镇委员会的成员。莎士比亚在哪个美丽的贸易小镇度过了他的童年并上了斯特拉特福语文小学。他真正的老师是大自然和周围的百姓。1587年，莎士比亚娶了大他几岁的安妮-哈撒韦为妻。妻子为他生了3个孩子，苏珊娜和双胞胎朱迪斯和哈姆尼特。也许由于要养活不断壮大的家庭，莎士比亚在1586或1587年离开斯特拉特福去了伦敦。 莎士比亚去了伦敦一处为戏剧发展提供了优越环境的地方。他既当演员又做作剧家，为张伯伦家族做事，张伯伦家族后来又成为了王族。莎士比亚的事业发展得如此的好以致被誉为‘大学才子’之一的罗伯特-格林气极败坏地地称呼他是只‘向上扑腾的乌鸦’。 大约从1591到1611年间，莎士比亚到达了他戏剧生涯的顶峰，他的作品一部又一部地不断问世。莎士比亚没有把他的天赋局限于戏院里，在1593和1954年，他发表了2篇叙事诗，《维纳斯与阿多尼斯》和《路易斯受辱记》，都是写给南安普顿伯爵的。1609年他也写了短诗并出版了。到1597年时莎士比亚已经很有钱了，他在斯特拉特福买套大宅子作为新居。大约于1610年莎士比亚从伦敦退隐回了斯特拉特福，即便如此他还是坚持写作了一段时间。他卒于1616年4月23日。 由于对莎士比亚的许多作品的创作准确时间仍然存有争议，评论家们对把莎士比亚戏生涯的戏剧作品划分阶段方面存有不同的观点。但总体来说他的戏剧生涯可以分为4个时期。 莎士比亚戏剧创作生涯的第一个阶段是创作早期。他写了5部历史剧：《亨利六世》的第一、二、三部，和《泰特斯·安特洛尼克斯》；4部戏剧：《错误的戏剧》，《维罗纳的2位绅士》，《驯悍记》和《爱的徒劳》。 第二个阶段，莎士比亚的创作风格和方式变得极具个性。在不同的人物之间、现象和现实之间，莎士比亚构造了复杂的典范，他对人类各种缺点进行了精妙的诠释。在这个时期他写了5部历史剧：《理查二世》，《约翰国王》，《亨利四世》第一、二部和《亨利五世》;6部戏剧：《仲夏夜之梦》，《威尼斯的商人》，《无事生非》，《皆大欢喜》，《第12夜》和《温莎的风流妇人》；2部悲剧：《罗密欧和朱丽叶》和《裘里斯凯撒》 莎士比亚的第三时期作品包括他最杰出的悲剧和所谓的黑色喜剧。这个时期的悲剧有：《哈姆雷特》，《奥赛罗》，《李尔王》，《麦克白》，《安东尼与克利奥帕特拉》，《特洛伊罗斯与克雷西达》和《科里奥兰纳斯》。2部喜剧是：《终成眷属》和《争锋相对》。 莎士比亚最后时期的作品包括他主要的烂漫悲喜剧：《伯利克里》，《辛白林》，《冬天的故事》和《暴风雨》；和他最后两部作品：《亨利八世》和《两个贵亲戚》。 莎士比亚真正的跟戏剧五官的是个主要是两首叙述长诗：《维纳斯和阿多尼斯》和《路易斯受辱记》，和他的154首系列短诗。莎士比亚的十四行诗都单是

英美文学翻译练习

1.Renaissance humanists found in then classics a justification to exalt human nature and came to see that human beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development in the direction of perfection, and that the world they inhabited was theirs not to despise but to question, explore, and enjoy. 2.Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance 3.The goals of humanistic poetry are: skillful handling of conventions, force of king1970uage, and, above all, the development of a rhetorical plan in which meter, rhyme, scheme, imagery and argument should all be combined to frame the emotional theme and throw it into high relief. 4.Shakespeare’s sonnets are the only direct expression of the poet’s own feelings. 5.Shakespeare’s history plays are mainly written under the principle that national unity under a mighty and just sovereign is a necessity. 6.In his romantic comedies, Shakespeare takes an optimistic attitude toward love and youth, and the romantic elements are brought into full play. 7.The successful romantic tragedy is Romeo and Juliet, which eulogizes the faithfulness of love and the spirit of pursuing happiness. 8.Shakespeare’s greatest tragedies are: Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth. They have some characteristics in common. Each portrays some noble hero. 9.The most import works of his first group include The Advancement of Learning, Written in English; Novum Organum, an enlarged Latin version of The Advancement of Learning. 10.One is the knowledge obtained from the Divine Revelation, the other is the knowledge from the workings of human mind. 11.According to Bacon, man’s understanding consists of three parts: history to man’s memory, poetry to man’s imagination and creation, and philosophy to man’s reason. 12.Bacon, as a humanist intellect, shows the new empirical attitudes toward truth about nature and bravely challenges the medieval scholasticists. 13.Bacon’s essays are famous for their brevity, compactness and powerfulness. 14.The mid-century was, however, predominated by a newly rising literary form---the modern English novel, which, contrary to the traditional romance of aristocrats, gives a realistic presentation of life of the common English people. 15.This urgency was provoked by two important revolutions: the French Revolution of 1789-1794 and the English Industrial Revolution which happened more slowly, but with Astonishing consequences. 16.The Romantic Movement, whether in England, Germany or France, expressed a more or less negative forward the existing social. 17.The Romantics demonstrated a strong reaction against the dominant modes of thinking of the 18th-century writers and philosophers. Where their predecessors saw man as a social animal, the Romantics saw him essentially as an individual in the solitary state. 18.Thus, we can say that Romanticism actually constitutes a change of direction from attention to the outer world of social civilization to the inner world of the human spirit.

英美文学选读名篇中英对照 赏析 简介

Because I could not stop for Death, He kindly stopped for me; The carriage held but just ourselves And Immortality. We slowly drove, he knew no haste, And I had put away My labor, and my leisure too, For his civility. We passed the school, where children strove At recess, in the ring; We passed the fields of gazing grain, We passed the setting sun. Or rather, he passed us; The dews grew quivering and chill, For only gossamer my gown, My tippet only tulle. We paused before a house that seemed A swelling of the ground; The roof was scarcely visible, The cornice but a mound. Since then 'tis centuries, and yet each Feels shorter than the day I first surmised the horses' heads Were toward eternity. 我无暇去会死亡 爱米莉·伊丽莎白·狄更生 我无暇去会死亡， 死神便和善地接我前往，我只好放下劳作与闲暇，无法拒绝他的殷勤礼让。 我们一起坐上马车， 还有永生陪伴身旁， 我们驱车缓缓前行， 他悠然自得不慌不忙。 我们经过校园， 娱乐的孩子挤满操场， 我们经过田野，麦穗张望，我们经过西沉的太阳。 或许该是夕阳经过我们吧，露珠抖动，略显苍凉， 只为我的面纱、斗篷， 还有我薄丝织就的衣裳。 我们经过一个隆起的土堆，那似乎是一座住房， 屋顶几乎无法看见， 屋架也在地下埋藏。 感觉比一天还要短暂， 虽然自此千万年岁月漫长，我初次产生这种猜测： 永恒正是马头所向。

翻译理论与技巧个性课程大作业提交终版

武汉理工大学《翻译理论与技巧》个性课程大作业 武汉理工大学 《翻译理论与技巧》 个性课程大作业 学生姓名：杨宁 学号：0121306250223 专业班级：建筑学1302 所在学院：土建学院 任课教师：吴汉金、黎慧

武汉理工大学《翻译理论与技巧》个性课程大作业 英汉、汉英翻译评阅表 教师签名：

武汉理工大学《翻译理论与技巧》个性课程大作业 英汉翻译原文：Family Portrait My mother, who is seventy years old, recently sent me a photograph of herself that I had never seen before. While cleaning out the attic of her Florida home, she came across a studio portrait she had taken about a year before she married my father. This picture of my mother is about a twenty-year-old girl and the story behind it has fascinated me from the moment I began to consider it. The young in the picture has a face that resembles my own in many ways. Her face is a bit more oval than mine, but the softly waving brown hair around it is identical. The small, straight nose is the same model I was born with. My mother’s mouth is closed, yet there is just the slightest hint of a smile on her full lips. I know that if she had smiled, she would have shown the same wide grin and down-curving “smile lines” that appear in my own snapshots. The most haunting feature in the photo, however, is my mother’s eyes. They are an exact duplicate of my own large, dark-brown ones. Her brows are plucked into thin lines, which are like two pencil strokes added to highlight those fine, luminous eyes. I’ve also carefully studied the clothing and jewelry in the photograph. Although the photo was taken fifty years ago, my mother is wearing a blouse and skirt that could easily be worn today. The blouse is made of heavy eggshell-colored satin and reflects the light in its folds and hollows. It has a turned-down cowl collar and smocking on the shoulders and bellow the collar. The smocking (tiny rows of gathered material) looks hand-done. The skirt, whic h covers my mother’s calves, is straight and made of light wool or flannel. My mother is wearing silver drop earrings. They are about two inches long and roughly shield-shaped. On her left wrist is a matching bracelet. My mother can’t find this bracelet no w, despite the fact that we spent hours searching through the attic for it. On the third finger of her left hand is a ring with a large, square-cut stone. ……… 英汉翻译译文： 我七十岁的母亲,最近给我看了一张我从没见过的她的照片。在清理她的佛罗里达州的家中的阁楼里,她看到了一张她嫁给我父亲前一年拍的一张工作肖像。这张照片我的母亲是一个20岁的女孩，这背后的故事从我开始思考就深深吸引了我。 照片中的年轻的脸跟我很像。她的脸比我的更圆,但周围轻轻挥舞着棕色的头发是相同的。小,直的鼻子跟我是一个模子刻出来的。我妈妈的嘴关闭,然而有一丝的微笑挂在她丰满的唇边。我知道,如果她笑了,她会露出和我在快照中一样的笑颜。然而照片中最令人难忘的地方是我妈妈的眼睛。这对棕色的大眼睛简直是我眼睛的精确放大版。她的眉毛被修成了细线,这就像添加上两条铅笔线条来突出那对美好的,发光的眼睛。我也仔细研究了服装和饰品的照片。虽然照片拍摄50年前,我母亲穿着一件放在现在也很容易磨损的上衣和裙子,这件衬衣是由厚缎面和它反映了光的凸凹。它有一个宽松和衣褶肩膀和风箱的衣领。衣褶(小行收集材料)看起来处理现成，涵盖了我妈妈的小腿,裙子是直的,浅色的羊毛或法兰绒。我妈妈戴着银色耳环。它们大约两英寸长。她的左手手腕上戴着一个匹配的手镯。尽管我们花了几个小时在阁楼上找，也没能找到这个手镯。左手无名指上戴着一个大的，垂直切割的石头戒指。