2019届广东省中山市第一中学高三入门考试英语试题

中山市第一中学2018年高三入门考试

英语

本试题共10页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。

第I卷

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

A

The following travel tips can help you get through an airport in the U.S. with minimal trouble.

Plan Ahead

Minimize your wait by scheduling your departure to avoid rush hours such as weekend mornings. Some airports have more than one access point for security; do a quick Internet search or ask an airline agent for the fastest line. If you often travel outside the country, the $50 fee for a five-year NEXUS card could save you as much as 90 minutes in a busy customs queue.

Pack Smart

Avoid an unwanted search - or having to throw away your beloved face cream - by packing properly. Bottles or containers of liquids (100-millilitre format max) belong in a clear resealable bag (no more than one litre), and only one per person. The exceptions are baby food and milk.

Suffer the Search

Since 2010, Canadian airports have used full-body scanners that show what’s under clothing. If you’re selected for such a scan, you can choose a manual pat down instead. Someone of your gender (性别) will do the search, and you can request a private room with a witness.

Share Your Gadgets

If an agent asks for your phone or computer pass word, do you have to give it to them? It’s a hot-button legal question, but the short answer, for now, is yes. You could be criminally charged for refusing.

Say Just Enough

Unlike the police, who need “reasonable grounds,” customs agents can ask you anyth ing. To co-operate, aim for clear, direct and polite answers.

21. How can you reduce your waiting time while getting through an airport?

A. By finding the fastest line.

B. By asking your friends to help you.

C. By avoiding planning your departure.

D. By giving 50 dollars to an airline agent.

22. Which part should you read if you want to know rules concerning water?

A. Pack Smart.

B. Suffer the Search.

C. Share Your Gadgets.

D. Say Just Enough.

23. What should you do if officials at the airport ask for your phone password?

A. Charge them in a court of law.

B. Refuse them immediately.

C. Find a witness first.

D. Show it to them.

B

When Veronika Scott was a student at the College for Creative Studies in Detroit, Michigan, she received a task to “design to fill a need.” She dreamed up an idea for overcoats that would double as sleeping bags, made 25 of them, and handed them out to people living in shelters on an abandoned city playground. While her efforts were greeted mostly with enthusiasm from those braving Detroit’s cold winters, one woman voiced dissatisfaction. “We don’t need coats; we need jobs,” she told Veronika. Then she had her second inspiration.

After graduating from college in 2012, Veronika founded the Empowerment Plan, a nonprofit organization. She hired two homeless women to sew the coats and paid them with donations she received through her blog. Now, the Empowerment Plan employs about 20 people and has produced more than 10,000 coats and distributed them in 30 states, Canada, and elsewhere abroad.

“We don’t require previous employment,” Veronika says. “We’re looking for people who are motivated.” The Empowerment Plan provides free classes and lends money to those who qualify. Nearly all the employees eventually move into permanent housing, and some go on to jobs in the auto industry and construction.

Veronika has bettered the coat’s design by making its outer layer of a lightweight material that resists air, wind, and water and its inner layer of a material that stores body heat. Still, Veronika is less focused on the coats

than on the workers who make them. “At the end of the day,” she says, “the coat is a vehicle for us to employ people.”

24. What was Veronika’s second inspiration?

A. Improving her coat’s de sign.

B. Founding a nonprofit organization.

C. Profiting from the work of those low-paid people.

D. Producing more coats and distributing them abroad.

25. What is the purpose of the Empowerment Plan?

A. To raise more donations.

B. To design better clothes.

C. To provide help for the homeless.

D. To offer free classes to the motivated.

26. Which of the following best describes Veronika?

A. Creative and caring.

B. Greedy and unsatisfied.

C. Generous but childish.

D. Traditional but helpful.

27. Which is the best title of the passage?

A. Veronika Scott.

B. The Empowerment Plan.

C. Design to Fill a Need.

D. Look for Motivated People.

C

Seventh-grader Jonah Maxwell has become a local famous person after an anti-bullying (反霸凌) video he made became popular online.

He wrote and directed a six-minute 30-second film with friends from school. Their faces cannot be seen in order to take back power from bullies (霸凌者) offending others on social media. “If it’s happened to you, you h ave to tell someone. If you are doing it, just think about this: It’s just as easy to be nice as it is to be mean and manners and respect cost nothing,” he said in the video.

This social media has given bullying a new life far beyond fights in the school l unchroom or hallways. “It’s

mainly happening through social media but there is physical and social bullying. I have seen people getting ‘booked’ in hallways –somebody gets bumped and the books fall all over the floor. The victim gets embarrassed.”

Jonah has been interested in making videos since he was even younger. The first video he ever made was filmed with a Crayola camera when he was 6 years old. His dad is a filmmaker and he helped him with the final editing for his anti-bullying video.

The youngster said he wants people to “speak up” and tell someone if they are being bullied. “Tell someone-it’s too hard to go through something like this alone,” he said.

“The bullying sometimes never stops if there is social media involved-you don’t leave it behi nd you at the school gates. It’s scary for me to think what kids go through but what is worse is that the kids don’t feel they should or can tell. Jonah’s message clearly states it doesn’t have to be this way,” said Jonah’s mother Jenny Maxwell.

Maxwell said teachers in the United States and abroad, including Brazil, Ireland, the United Kingdom and Australia, have been showing the video in school. “If it changes one person’s life it will have made a difference in our lives,” she said.

28. What can we learn from Jonah’s anti-bullying video?

A. His friends are shown faceless to protect their privacy.

B. He thinks being kind and respectful requires little effort.

C. Bullies are afraid to show their faces on social media.

D. People are asked to report the bullies around them.

29. What does the fact that people get “booked” in hallways show?

A. Bullying is everywhere.

B. Bullying mainly exists on social media.

C. Physical bullying happens.

D. Bullying in whatever form hurts the victim deeply.

30. What is true about Jonah Maxwell from the article?

A. He has become famous nationwide for his anti-bullying video.

B. He made an anti-bullying video with the help of his mother.

C. He has been interested in photography since he was 6 years old.

D. He believes sharing an experience of being bullied helps people deal with it.

31. What can we conclude from Jonah’s mother’s words?

A. They hope to encourage people being bullied to speak up.

B. They have no doubt that bullies will be educated by the video.

C. They are proud that the video has spread to other countries in the world.

D. They believe the video can only be said to be helpful if it has a big influence.

D

It’s a bit like the old joke where a hospital patient is given the good news/bad news choice. “The bad news”, he i s told, “is we have to remove your legs. The good news? The guy in the next bed wants to buy your sneakers.”

So, let’s start with the good news. According to a survey conducted by industry commentators Skift, US travelers will spend more on vacations this year. The bad news is that they’ll be taking less vacations. These findings will impact on the whole travel industry, particularly on American vacation rental owners and on owners of US rentals who live abroad.

Out of those that responded to the survey, around 27% said they plan to spend more on their vacations during the next six months over the same period last year. This represents a 23% increase. It’s thought that the strengthening dollar and low gas prices have caused this optimism among travelers.

On the downside, the survey indicates that only 66% of Americans plan to take at least one vacation trip during the next six months -down from 69% last year. When asked “Are you planning on taking a vacation this summer?” 62% said they will not be taking a vacation this summer at all. Over half said they couldn’t afford a vacation. Only 16% said they are taking the long summer vacation, while about 23 percent said they plan on taking short breaks on weekends through this summer.

Among the reasons for the drop-off in vacations is pressure from the economy - people do not like to be seen taking time away from their jobs. So, what can American owners expect this summer and for the rest of this year? On the strength of these findings, they might have fewer guests - though not a big reduction. Meanwhile, there could be more demand for shorter breaks and guests could be spending more. But it all confirms a depressing American trend towards less vacations for hardworking Americans.

32. Why does the author mention the old joke in the first paragraph?

A. To make people laugh.

B. To show sympathy to the patient.

C. To attract more readers.

D. To describe an unusual experience.

33. What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A. Vacation.

B. Disadvantage.

C. Journey.

D. Optimism.

34. What can we infer from the passage?

A. Some Americans are too lazy to take a vacation.

B. Americans will spend less on vacations this year.

C. American rental owners may earn more money by charging higher rents.

D. Some respondents choose not to take this summer vacation for lack of money.

35. What is the passage mainly about?

A. America’s economy.

B. The findings of a survey.

C. Good news and bad news.

D. Americans taking a vacation.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Calm Your Imagination Before Sleep

Having an active and creative imagination is a great gift. 36 Don’t despair (绝望)! This article will introduce a few ways to help you fall asleep when your mind is over-active.

Read.37 Since you don’t want to stimulate your imagination too much, make sure to read a book that won’t get your mind racing. Try something fun or something you have read before.

Count something. Engaging your mind in mental exercises can help you fall asleep. Sheep are very popular for this purpose, but almost anything will do, as long as you can picture it clearly and keep counting. 38 Try deep breathing. Deep breathing can be effective in calming the body and the mind. Sit up straight on the floor just before bed. Close your mouth and breathe in through your nose for a count of 4. 39 Breathe out completely through your mouth for a count of 8. Do this for a total of 4 times.

40 If your imagination won’t calm down, try turning on some relaxing music. This helps keep your mind from focusing on what is in your head and more on the music which in turn relaxes you. Make sure you listen to the music at a low volume (音量).

A. Listen to relaxing music.

B. Focus on what’s in your head.

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广东中山市第一中学2018—2019学年度第一学期高二年级第二次段考历史试题(解析版)

中山一中2018—2019学年上学期高二年级第二次段考 历史试题卷 一、单选题（每道题只有一个最佳选项，每道题2分，共35道题，共70分） 1.孔子曾说：“谁能出不由户？何莫由斯道也？”孟子也说：“仁，人之安宅也；义，人之正路也。旷安宅而弗居，舍正路而不由，哀哉！”董仲舒也认为：“夫仁人者，正其谊不谋其利，明其道不计其功。”据此可知，三人都 A. 代表了中国古代的宗教信仰 B. 体现了不同时期儒家思想的治国之道 C. 承认、遵循和信奉仁义之道 D. 提升了儒家思想在当时的地位和影响 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】“谁能出不由户？何莫由斯道也？”意思是：谁能够走出屋子而不经过房门呢?为什么没有人走这条必经的仁义之路？材料中三人都强调仁义，认为应该遵循和信奉仁义之道，故C正确；材料中三人都强调仁义，与宗教信仰无关，排除A；材料反映的是强调的是个人修养，遵循和信奉仁义之道，无法体现“治国之道”，排除B；材料信息无法体现“儒家思想在当时的地位和影响”，排除D。 2.《论语》中，孔子门徒在社会问题和哲学问题上多有分歧；孔子死后，“儒分为八”。这反映出当时儒学的特征是

A. 思想内涵的丰富性 B. 核心理念的多样性 C. 治国措施的深刻性 D. 传播阶层的广泛性 【答案】A 【解析】 “仁”是孔子思想的核心，具有丰富的内涵，兼内在修身和外在事功于一体，孔子死后，“儒分为八”，表明他的弟子从不同角度继承他的思想，后来分为“主内”和“务外”两派，故A正确；“仁”是孔子思想的核心，B错误；C材料无法体现，排除；材料反映的是孔子弟子对儒学的继承，无法体现“传播阶层的广泛性”，排除D。 3.在我国古代儒家思想中，反对“率兽食人”的暴政、强调“民为贵”的民本主义与“劳心者治人，劳力者治于人”、“民可使由之，不可使知之”的等级观念和“牧民”思想共存共生。这种共生意味着：儒家思想的积极方面和消极方面是一种思想体系中相互呼应、彼此补充的两种特质。其特定价值内涵同源于 A. 西周时期的礼乐制度 B. 董仲舒的“大一统”思想 C. 专制主义中央集权制 D. 自然经济为主的经济基础 【答案】D 【解析】 一定思想文化是一定经济的反映，儒家思想的这种特定价值内涵是根源于当时的自然经济的，即特定价值内涵是根源于自然经济为主的经济基础，选D是符合题意的，正确；礼乐制度是等级制度，并不包括民本主义，选项A不符合题意，排除；董仲舒的“大一统”思想属于儒家思想的发展，选项B不符合题意，排除；专制主义中央集权制属于政治方面的内容，选项C不符合题意，排除；故本题选D。