俄汉译音表
1. 红色字表示姓氏首字所固定的译音。
2. 一格内两个以上译音时，除姓氏首字母外可灵活运用。
3.在字尾或其后是辅音时用黑色字译音，后是元音时用蓝色字译音。
用英文字母拼写俄文字母transliteration from Eng.to Rus.
1. А а =A
2. Б б =B
3. В в =V
4. Г г =G
5. Д д =D
6. Е е =E
7. Ё ? =Yo
8. Ж ж =Zh
9. З з =Z
10. И и =I
11. Й й =--
12. К к =K
13. Л л =L
14. М м =M
15. Н н =N
16. О о =O
17. П п =P
18. Р р =R
19. С с =S
20. Т т =T
21. У у =U
22. Ф ф =F
23. Х х =Kh
24. Ц ц =Ts
25. Ч ч =Ch
26. Ш ш =Sh
27. Щ щ =Sch
28. Ъ ъ =--
29. Ы ы =Y
30. Ь ь =--
31. Э э =E
32. Ю ю =Yu
33. Я я =Ya
用英文字母拼写俄语汉语拼音transliteration from Eng.to Chn.(括弧内及其后的拼写是曾有俄人也这样用过故录此)
1. А а =A
2. Б б =B
3. В в =V, w
4. Г г =G
5. Д д = D
6. Е е =E
7. Ё ? =Yo
8. Ж ж =Zh (j), v
9. З з =Z
10. И и =I
11. Й й =j (i), y
12. К к =K
13. Л л =L
14. М м =M
15. Н н =N
16. О о =O
17. П п =P
18. Р р =R
19. С с =S
20. Т т =T
21. У у =U
22. Ф ф =F
23. Х х =h, Kh
24. Ц ц =c, Ts, tc
25. Ч ч =Ch (tch)
26. Ш ш =Sh
27. Щщ =Sch (sc)
28. Ъъ =‘
29. Ы ы =Y, i
30. Ь ь =x
31. Э э =E
32. Ю ю =ju (iu)
33. Я я =ja (ia), q, ya
综合教程课后翻译答案
1、我不曾想到，随着时间的流逝，我果真以身为社工而自豪（count on ；take pride in ) What I didn ' t count on was that over time I would sincerely take pride in being a social worker. 2、奶奶迅速瞥了一眼墙上的时钟，发出一声惊呼：天哪，我们要赶不上火车了 ( Shoot a look at ；let out) Shooting a quick look at the clock on the wall, Grandma let out a cry, “ Oh, My dear /My goodness/My gracious, we're going to miss the train! ” 3、我总在幼儿园门口看到一些孩子抓住父母不让走。请问：在这种情形下，年轻的父母们是否得对孩子严厉些，赶紧离开？(stern;hold on to sb) At the kindergarten entrance, I always see some kids/children holding firmly on to their parents. Should young parents be sterner towards their kids/children and leave immediately under these circumstances? 4、昏暗的路灯下站着一个哭泣的小女孩( dim;weep ) In the dim street light stood a weeping little girl/ a girl weeping. 5、富人捐赠时要尽量考虑周全，不要让受赠者陷入难堪的境地(considerate;embarrassing) When making donations, rich people should be as considerate as possible in order not to put the recipient in an embarrassing situation. 6、从上个月起，我的工作就是围绕日常办公事务转，所以现在每天掰着手指算什么时候才到国庆节：我和朋友要去乡下远足呢！(revolve;count the days ) Since last month, my work has been revolving around the routine office duties, so now I am counting the days until the National Day comes, when my friends and I are going hiking in the countryside. 7、无论是友情还是爱情，你都不可能期待自己付出最少而得到最多(maximum ;minimum.) In either friendship or love / In both friendship and love, you should never expect to take / receive the maximum while you give the minimum. 8、我把全部希望寄托在他的承诺上，结果却发现他根本不是个真诚的人(build on;sincerity) I built all my hopes on his promise(s), only to find that he was not a man of sincerity at all. 9、我们带母亲去了所有我们能找到的最好的医院，但一切努力都是徒劳的，母亲还是没能熬过那次疾病(in vain) We took Mother to all the best hospitals we could find, but all our efforts were in vain; she failed to survive the disease. 10、情人节是个一年一度在 2 月14 日庆祝的节日，一个向心仪的对象表达爱意的好日子(affection) Valentine 's Day is an annual holiday celebrated on February 14, a perfect dayto express love to the object of your / one's affection. 11、在信息时代，通过电子邮件方式跟远方的朋友交流几乎可以是同步的(era;via) In the information era, communications with far-away friends via e-mail can be almost / virtually simultaneous. 12、爱情需要培养，我们梦想拥有的“永恒的爱情”只有在双方学会欣赏对方、包容对方之后才可能缔造(nurture;forge) Love needs to be nurtured, and the “ eternal / everlasting love” that we all dream to have is not forged until we learn to appreciate and tolerate the other. 13、以共同兴趣为基础的友谊是不容易破裂的(ground;break up) The friendship based on the sane interest doesn't break up easily 14、孩子们必须学会将电脑游戏中的暴力与勇敢区分开来(distinguish between) Children must learn to distinguish the 15、当今世界每天涌现如此多新鲜事物，要求一个人什么都知晓是不合情理的(sensible)
综合教程1汉译英参考答案
综合教程（第一册）汉译英参考答案 Unit 1 1.他对这次面试中可能提到的问题做好了准备。（confront） He has prepared answers to the questions that he expects to confront during the interview. 2.他悲惨的遭遇深深打动了我们，使我们几乎哭出声来。（touch） His sad story touched us so deeply that we nearly cried. 3.他们俩手挽着手沿着河边散步，有说有笑。（hand in hand） The two of them are walking hand in hand along the riverbank, chatting and laughing. 4.听到这令人激动的消息之后，他眼睛里涌出欢乐的泪水。（well up） When he heard the exciting news, tears of joy welled up in his eyes. 5.上海人容易听懂苏州话，因为上海话和苏州话有许多共同之处。（in common）People from Shanghai can understand Suzhou dialect with ease, for Shanghai dialect and Suzhou dialect have much in common. 6.亨利和妻子正在考虑能不能在三年内买一幢新房子。（look into） Henry and his wife are looking into the possibility of buying a new house within three years. 7.女儿再三请求到国外去深造，他最终让步了。（give in to） He finally gave in to his daughter’s repeated requests to further her education abroad. 8.我们在动身去度假之前把所有的贵重物品都锁好了。（lock away） We locked all our valuables away before we went on holiday. 9.虽然咱们分手了，但我希望咱们依然是好朋友，像以前一样互相关心，互相 帮助。（part） Although we have parted from each other, I hope that we will remain good friends and that we will care for and help each other just as we did in the past. 10.在紧急关头，军长召集全体军官开会，制定新的克敌战略战术。（summon）At that critical moment, the army commander summoned all the officers to work out new strategies and tactics which would make it possible to conquer the enemy. Unit 2 1.一个由外交部长率领的政府代表团昨日抵达南非，开始对该国进行为期3天 的友好访问。（head） Yesterday a government delegation headed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs arrived in South Africa and began a three-day friendly visit to the country. 2.看看这些讽刺社会弊端的漫画实在好笑。（awfully funny） It is awfully funny to look at these caricatures which satirize social ills. 3.计算机是最有用的教学工具之一，所有的功课以及所有的问题和答案都可在 屏幕上显示出来。（show on a screen） Computers are one of the most useful teaching aids, for all your lessons as well as all
综合教程第一册汉译英答案
单元1 （1）这个婴儿还不会爬，更不要说走了。 The baby can’t even crawl yet, let alone walk. （2）威尔声称谋杀案发生时他正在与一群朋友吃饭，但是我认为他在说谎。 Will claimed he was dining with a group of friends at the time of the murder, but in my opinion he told a lie. （3）一定程度上阅读速度与阅读技巧密切相关；有了阅读技巧，你就可以更好的应对课外阅读 To a certain extent the speed of reading is closely related to reading skills; and with reading skills you can cope with outside class reading better. （4）根据规则他俩都可以参加比赛。 According to the regulation/rule, they both can play the game/participate in the game. （5）有些人想当然的认为日语中的每一个词在汉语中都有对应的词语。 Some people assume that there is a Chinese equivalent for every Japanese word. （6）我们已经讲所有的相关信息告知了警方。 We have passed all the relevant information on to the police. （7）关于那件事你问我再多的问题也没有用，因为我是不会回答你的。 There/ It is no use ask ing me any more questions about that matter because I won’t answer. （8）事先没有仔细阅读合同就签了名的吉姆的错误。 It was a mistake on Jim’s part to sign the contract without reading it carefully （9）他们拒绝向我们提供所需要的全部信息。 They refused to provide us with all the information we need （10）这起事故与三年前发生的一起事故极为相似。 This accident is very similar to the one that happened three years ago. （11）这部电影是根据莎士比亚的戏剧改编的。 The film is based on a play by/ of Shakespeare. （12）如果你的英语和电脑技能都掌握得好，那么你在谋职是就一定比别人根有优势。 If you have a good command/ mastery of English and computer skills, you will surely have an advantage over others in finding a job/ in job-hunting. 单元2 （1）很多老师不赞成这种做法。 Many teachers frowned on this practice. （2）当我想从草地上穿过去的时候，有位老人在旁边怒视着我。 An old man glared at me when I was trying to cut across the lawn （3）当我提到我的父亲时，她的脸上露出了认出我的笑容。 When I mentioned my father, she showed a smile of recognition on her face （4）我的大孩子比较听话，而小的那个非常倔。我现在还常想起小的孩子在中学毕业后是如何执意要出国读书的。 My firstborn was quite obedient, whereas my younger child was very stubborn. I can still recall now how the younger child insisted on going abroad to study after he finished his secondary school. （5）当海啸袭来时，许多东南亚国家遭受了巨大的损失。 Countries in South East Asia sustained great losses when the tsunami struck the area.
汉译英教程第十三章
汉译英教程 第十三章词类的转换 汉英两种语言，用词方式各不相同，同一意思在不同的语言中有可能使用不同类别的词表达。如汉语中可用形容词作谓语，而英语必须用动词；汉语单句中可有几个动词。而英语单句中谓语动词通常只有一个，其它汉语用动词的地方，英语中只有变换方式。因此，汉英翻译时不可能总是保持原文词类的原貌，而须根据英语的甩词习惯选择词类。现将常见词类转换现 象介绍如下: 第一节汉语动词的转换 一、转换成英语名词 1．汉语中做主语、宾语的动词英译时可译作名词，这时的名词一般都表动作意义或是动词 转化来的名词。如： a)我们也认识到越来越需要使某些经济部门实行工业化。 We also realized the growing need and necessity to industrialize certain sectors of the economy b)采用这种新装置可以大大地降低废品率。 The adoption of this new device will greatly reduce the percentage ot defective products． c)一切爱好和平的人们都要求禁止原子武器。 All peace loving people demand the prohibition of atomic weapons 2．汉语的一些动宾短语，英译时可采用"名词+of”引导的短语的结构。如： a)他一生的真正使命是想办法为推翻资本社会而作出贡献。 His real mission in life was to contribute，in one way or another，to the overthrown of capitalist society. b)看到这张照片，我想起了我的童年。 The sight of the photo brought me back to my childhood． 3 根据英语句式的要求转译为名词 a)在城市和乡村，托儿所和幼儿园都在大量扩展。 There has been a tremendous expansion of nurseries and kindergartens in both town and villages． b)骄傲自满最终毁了他。 Arrogance and complacence turned out to be his ruin． c)一切旨在保证国际机构特别是联合国机构进行工作的便利条件必须恢复。 There must be restoration of all the necessary facilities for the functioning of international organs，particularly the United Nations
汉俄拼音对照表
现在国内有许多申请俄罗斯留学的同学不知道自己的名字用俄语应该如何说，怎么写，觉得很好奇？那么现在可以参考下面的表格根据前面的拼音就可以知道自己的名字的俄文写法了。这样做的好处是让学生在国内先熟悉自己的名字的写法，过去后就可以减少一些不必要的麻烦，比如学生去医院体检如果用中文签自己的名字，俄罗斯医生一定看不懂，或者在学校及其他地方登记也不方便。因此，想申请俄罗斯留学的同学一定要在国内先练习好写自己名字的俄文拼写。 汉俄拼音对照表 A ding—динjie—цзеmiu—мюri—жиweng—вэн a—аdiu—дюjin—цзиньmo—моrong—жунwo—во ai—айdong—дунjing—цзинmou—моуrou—жоуwu—ву an—аньdou—доуjiong—цзюнmu—муru—жуX ang—анdu—дуjiu—цзюN rua—жуаxi—си ao—аоduan—дуаньju—цзюйna—наruan—жуаньxia—ся B dui—дуйjuan—цзюаньnai—найrui—жуйxian—сянь ba—баdun—дуньjue—цзюеnan—наньrun—жуньxiang—сян bai—байduo—доjun—цзюньnang—нанruo—жоxiao—сяо ban—бань E K nao—наоS xie—се bang—банe—эka—каne—нэsa—саxin—синь bao—баоei—эйkai—кайnei—нэйsai—сайxing—син bei—бэйen—эньkan—каньnen—нэньsan—саньxiong—сюн ben—бэньeng—энkang—канneng—нэнsang—санxiu—сю beng—бэнer—эрkao—каоni—ниsao—саоxu—сюй bi—би F ke—кэnian—няньse—сэxuan—сюань bie—беfa—фаkei—кэйniang—нянsen—сэньxue—сюе bin—биньfan—фаньken—кэньniao—няоseng—сэнxun—сюнь bing—бинfang—фанkeng—кэнnie—неsha—шаY bo—боfei—фэйkong—кунnin—ниньshai—шайya—я bu—буfen—фэньkou—коуning—нинshan—шаньyan—янь
综合教程汉译英答案
1. 她是个好学生，但她很害羞，又缺乏自信。She is a good student, but she is shy and lacks confidence. 2. 他承认自己设定的目标不够现实，因此考试成绩也不够理想。He confessed that he had not set realistic targets / goals, so he did not do as well in the exams as he had expected. 3. 如何组织时间，如何结交新朋友是大学新生面临的挑战。(challenge; faced with)How to organize time and how to make friends are challenges that freshmen are faced with. 4.直到大学毕业我才认识到，学习并不是大学生活的全部，大学生活本可以更加丰富多彩。It wasn’t until graduation that I realized college life was not all about studying. It could have been more colorful. 5.大学是人生中最美好的时光。好好享受大学生活，因为这样的时光不会再来。College years are the best years of a person’s life. Enjoy your college life because these moments will never come again. 1. 令很多家长感到困惑的是，为什么孩子们对洋快餐那么感兴趣。What puzzles many parents is why their kids are so crazy about foreign fast food. 2. 到中国之前，你应该对中国的饮食文化有所了解。Y ou should have learnt something about Chinese food culture before you came to China .3. 尽管食品安全问题引起了广泛关注，食品安全仍然面临严峻的问题。Despite all the attention that has been paid to food safety, it still faces serious problems. 4. 除了欣赏美景外，品尝当地的小吃也是一大美事。Apart from appreciating the beautiful scenery, tasting some local food is also a great pleasure. 5. 肯德基、麦当劳等洋快餐的出现对中国的传统饮食产生了不小的影响。The appearance of foreign fast food such as KFC and McDonald’s has had quite an influence on traditional Chinese food. 1 人们往往凭第一印象去判断一个人，虽然有时第一印象并不可靠。People tend to judge a person by first impressions, though sometimes the first impression is not really reliable. 2 他非常感谢那些在他困难时期给过他帮助和支持的人。 He is very grateful to those who offered help and support when he was in trouble. 3 总的来说，中国人比较含蓄，一般不怎么愿意和陌生人交谈。Generally speaking, Chinese people are more reserved; they are less inclined to talk to strangers. 4 正是他乐于助人的品德使他赢得了人们的尊重. It is his virtue of being ready to help others that earns him people’s respect. 5 他们之间建立了良好的关系，这给双方都带来了很多好处。They established a good relationship, from which both of them benefited a lot. 1 虽然父母有教育子女的义务，但很多父母不知道如何扮演好这一角色。Despite the fact that parents have the responsibility to educate their children, many of them have no idea how to play the role well. 2 他主张父母应该成为孩子的朋友，并在言行上保持一致。He advocates that parents should be friends to their kids, and be consistent in what they say and do. 3 父母往往能认识到知识教育的重要性，却忽视了对孩子的情感教育。Parents are generally conscious of the importance of academic education while neglecting emotional education. 4 父母在子女教育方面所起的积极作用是显而易见的。The positive influence that parents may have on their children’s education is obvious and self-evident. 5 对孩子取得的任何进步都要给予肯定，不管是多么小的进步。Be positive about any progress your child is ma king, no matter how small it is. 1 到达山顶后，游客们被眼前的美景惊呆了。Upon reaching the top of the mountain, the tourists were overwhelmed by the beauty of what they saw. 2 他强烈推荐游览华山, 因为与以前爬过的山相比，华山更具有挑战性。He highly recommended visiting Huashan Mountain, because in comparison with the mountains we climbed before, Huashan Mountain is more challenging. 3 国庆期间我们去了黄山，发现黄山的美无法用文字形容。During the National Day holidays we went to Huangshan Mountain, the beauty of which we found is beyond words. 4 对我而言，旅游是有效的放松方式。我去过很多地方，确实觉得旅游带来的益处非常大。For me, travelling is an effective way to relax. I have travelled to many places and really feel that the benefits have been huge. 5 这次故乡之行让我想起了我小时候在那里度过的快乐时光。The trip back to my home town reminded me of the happy days I spent there when I was a child. 1 我们消耗的能量越多，造成的污染也可能越多。The more energy we consume, the more pollution we are likely to produce. 2 事实证明宣传活动是成功的，它把人们的注意力吸引到环境保护上来。The publicity campaign turned out to be quite successful in drawing people’s attention to environmental protection. 3 事实是，不可再生资源正日益枯竭；如何满足未来的能源需求是科学家高度关心的问题。The fact is that we are running out of non-renewable resources. How to meet our energy needs in the future is a major concern for scientists. 4 按照目前的能源消耗速度，能源短缺是不可避免的。At the present pace we consume energy, an energy shortage is inevitable. 5 离开家前，要记得关掉电视和电脑等电器。Always remember to switch off electrical equipment like TVs and computers before you leave the house.
综合教程翻译答案
综合教程翻译答案 Unit1 1.听到她屡遭失败的消息，我感到很难过（distress） It distressed me a great deal to hear the news that he had suffered repeated failure. 2.他虽然失去了老板的欢心，但仍然装出一副高兴的样子（assume） He assured an air for cheerfulness,even though he lost favor with his boss. 3.格列佛（Gulliver）经历了冒险奇遇，见到了各色奇异的人物（assortment）Gulliver met with extraordinary adventures and saw a strange assortment of people. 4.如果你再犯同样的错误，他会很生你气的（furious） He will be furious with you if you repeat the same mistake. 5.我们都被他坦率的观点、幽默的语言和亲切的态度所深深吸引（draw）We were all greatly drawn by his frank views,humorous words and genial manner. 6.等到欢呼的掌声平息下来，那位诺贝尔奖获得者开始演讲（die down）After cheers and applause died down,the Nobel Prize Winner began his speech.
7.他天生有一种特别的洞察力和预见力，因此，他很少随大流（run with the crowd） He is gifted with a sore of insight and foresight,so he rarely runs with the crowd. 8.我发现现实毕竟是非常严酷的，一个人难以完全按照自己的理想去生活（live up to） I feel realities are after all very harsh,so one can hardly live up entirely to his ideals. Unit2 1.我的顶头上司是典型的工作狂，一年365天每天工作10小时以上（workaholic） My immediate boss is a typical workaholic,for he works for over ten hours each day all the year round. 2.校长十分注重课外活动，他认为课外活动有助于培养学生对外部世界的浓厚兴趣（extracurricular） The principal attaches much importance to extracurricular activities and he believes that they will help to cultivate students'tremendous interest in the external world. 3.星期一早上，他总是快速冲个澡，胡乱吃块三明治，拦辆出租车去上班（grab）He always grabs a shower,a sandwich and then a taxi to go to work
汉字拼音-汉字对照表
汉字拼音对照表 a=啊阿吖嗄腌锕 ai=圈挬哎唉哀皑癌蔻矮肖碍爱隘捱嗳嗌嫒瑷暧砇锿霭 an=霊氨天俺按暗岸胺朙谙埯揞犴庺桉铵鹌黯 ang=肮拣盎 ao=凹敖熬翱袄傲奥懊澳坳拗嗷岙廒遨媪骜獒聱螯鏊鳌鏖 ba=芭挮帍叭吧笆八狰巴拔跋靶宅耙圾霸罢爸茇菝岜灞钯粑鲅魃 bai=甯柏百摆佰败拜稗伯捭掰 ban=敤班搬安舭颁東版宍拌伴瓣刄办绊阪坂贲钣瘢癍般 bang=邦帮梆榜膀绑棒磅蚌镑傍谤蒡浜 bao=苞胉凿褒剥薄雹保堡饱宝抱报暴豹鲍爆刨炮勹葆孢煲鸨褓趵龅 bei=杯碜悲卑刁辈胅贝钡倍犹备惫焙被臂孛陂邶埤萆蓓呖悖碚鹎褙鐾鞴 ben=奊苯本笨畚坌贲锛 beng=蚌崩绷狪泵蹦迸堋嘣甏 bi=逼鼻比鄙笔彼碧蓖蔽毕毙毖币孫痹闭敝弊帉辟壁臂避陛秘泌刃俾埤芘荜荸萆薜吡哔狴庳愎滗濞弼妣婢嬖璧贲畀铋秕裨筚箅篦舭襞跸髀 bian=鞭边编贬扁亲变卞辨辛辜遍匾帆苄忭汴缏煸盛碥窆褊蝙笾鳊 biao=标彪膘表婊骠杘飑飙飚灬镖镳瘭裱鳔髟 bie=鳖憋别瘙蹩 bin=彬斌濒滨宾摆傧豳缤玢槟殡膑镔髌鬓 bing=兵冰柄丙疤饼炳病夯屏禀冫邴摒槟 bo=柏百剥薄狤菠播拧钵波博勃搏铂箔伯帛舶脖膊渤泊驳刅孛亳蕃啵饽檗擘礴钹鹁簸趵跛踣 bu=堡捕刅哺补埠刴布步簿部怖圆卟逋瓿晡钚钸醭 ca=擦嚓礤 cai=猜裁材刱财睬踩采彩菜蔡 can=餐参蚕残惭惨灮孱骖璨粲黪 cang=苌舱仓沧藏伧 cao=操糙槽曹草艹嘈漕螬艚 ce=厕策侧册测恻 cen=参孥涔 ceng=层蹭曾噌 cha=插刘茬茶查碴搽察学差诧刹喳嚓猹馇汊姹杈楂槎檫锸镲衩 chai=差拘朥豺侪钗瘥虿龇 chan=搀掺蝉馋谗缠铲产阐颤单冁谄蒇廛忏潺澶孱羼婵觇禅镡蟾躔 chang=拡猖场尝常长偿肠厂敞畅唱倡伥鬯苋菖徜怅惝阊娼嫦昶氅鲳 chao=超孾钞朝嘲潮巢吵炒绰剿怊晁耖
新概念一册汉译英教程文件
新概念一册汉译英
新概念英语（第一册） Lesson 1 原谅 v. 我（宾格） pron. 是的 adv. be动词现在时第三人称单数这 pron. 你的，你们的possessive adjective 手提包（女用） n. 原谅，请再说一遍 int. 感谢你（们） 它 pron. 非常地 Lesson 2 钢笔 n. 铅笔 n. 书 n. 手表 n. 上衣，外衣 n. 连衣裙 n. 裙子 n. 衬衣 n. 小汽车 n. 房子 n. Lesson 3 伞 n. 请 int. 这里 adv. 我的possessive adjective 票 n. 号码 n. 五 num. 对不起的 adj. 先生 n. 衣帽存放处 n. Lesson 4 一套衣服n. 学校n. 老师n. 儿子n. 仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除谢谢2
女儿n. Lesson 5 先生 好 adj. 早晨 n. 小姐 新的 adj. 学生 n. 法国的；法国人adj.& n. 德国的；德国人 adj.& n. 美好的adj. 遇见v. 日本的；日本人adj.& n. 韩国的；韩国人adj.& n. 中国的；中国人adj.& n. 也 adv. Lesson 6 牌号 n. 瑞典的 adj. 英国的 adj. 美国的 adj. 意大利的adj. 沃尔沃n. 标致 n. 梅赛德斯 n. 丰田 n. 大宇 n. 迷你 n. 福特 n. 菲亚特 n. Lesson 7 我porn. be动词现在时第一人称单数v. be动词现在时复数 v. 仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除谢谢3
何兆熊版 综合教程 第六册 课后答案 (选词填空, 汉翻英)
Unit 111111 III. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or phrase taken from the box, using its appropriate form. 1.The local council has decreed that the hospitals that are not able to reach the service standards should close. 2. When Hamlet murmured "To be, or not to be", he was faced with an agonizing dilemma. 3. The young mother smiled approvingly at her son who asked to play outdoors. 4. The Prime Minister is now firmly ensconced in Downing Street with a large majority. 5. We need a manager with plenty of flair to run the business in China. 6. It is noticed that quick-minded people suffer no vulnerability to criticism. 7. It was a relief to be outside in the fresh air again after staying weeks-long underground. 8. The government's avowed commitment to reduce tax has been largely appreciated. Unit333 1.She thought she was too homely to get a date. 2. I could hear the note of appeal in her voice as she asked me to talk things over again. 3. In this decade of politics, many more women have become magistrates. 4. I hope that we can settle this issue amicably. 5. This is a far from solemn book -- it is a rich mix of pleasures and information, and is full of surprises.
新实用汉译英教程名词解释
Sociosemiotic 社会符号学 Social semiotics is primarily concerned with human semiosis as an inherently social phenomenon in its sources, functions, contexts, and effects. It is also concerned with the social meanings constructed through the full range of semiotic forms, through semiotic texts and semiotic practices, in all kinds of human society at all periods of human history. 3个meaning 1. 言内意义Linguistic meaning is built on the relationship of the sign with each other in the same system. e.g. The man picked up his hat and courage. 那个男人捡起了帽子鼓起了勇气。 2. 指称意义Referential meaning is built on the relationship of the sign with its referent. e.g. The referential meaning of Emily Dickinson, would be the person who goes by that name. 3. 语用意义Pragmatic meaning is built on the relationship of the sign and its interpretant. e.g. “What did you say?” can mean a challenge to repeat something that will not find favour. 3个function 1. 概念功能The ideational function represents the speaker?s meaning potential as an observer. It is the cont ent function of language, language as …about something?. e.g. John built a new house. 约翰建了个新房子。 2. 人际功能The interpersonal function represents the speaker?s meaning potential as an intruder. It is the participatory function of language, language as doing something. e.g. No smoking! 请勿吸烟! 3. 语篇功能The textual function represents the speaker?s text—forming potential; it is that which makes language relevant. This is the component which provides the texture. e.g. Barbara teaches English in a high school in Washington D, C, the capital of the United States. She had wanted to become a teacher when she was young. She has taught eight years now and always enjoyed her work. 巴巴拉在华盛顿的一所中学教英语。它是美国的首都。她年轻时代就想成为一名教师。她已从教八年，非常喜欢她的工作。 3个situation type 1. 语场Field of discourse is the linguistic reflection of the purposive role of the language user in the situation in which a text has occurred. e.g. a scientist writing for an article for an academic journal. 2. 语旨Tenor of discourse is the set of role relationships between the relevant participants. e.g. Goodbye, Mom. 妈妈，再见。 3. 语式Mode of discourse is the linguistic reflection of the relationship the language user has to the medium of transmission. e.g. a public speech, a letter, or a conversation. 4个汉英词义关系 1. 相符Correspondence means that the meanings of the SL and TL are in general agreement with each other. e.g. 好票good seats 2. 包孕Inclusion means that the meaning of a TL word is included in a SL word. e.g. 汉语“汽车”可指小汽车、公共汽车、卡车、面包车、出租车等各类车，但英语automobile（汽车）只指motor-car，即小汽车，其余各类车辆需分别由bus、truck、minibus及taxi表示。 3. 交叉Intersection means that the meanings of both SL and TL words share something in common but still remain more or less different. e.g. works：1) 著作；2) 工厂工厂：1) works；2) plant plant：1) 工厂；2) 植物 植物：1) plant；2) vegetable vegetable：1) 植物；2) 蔬菜