2016年4月研究生英语学位考试真题及答案详解

2013年1月研究生英语学位考试真题及答案详解

Section A (0.5 point each)

21. The focus on profitability pushes the systems unreasonably large, rendering them more vulnerable to terrorist attacks.

A declaring

B verifying

C making

D indicating

22. The 8.5-ton Shenzhou III spaceship has been substantially improved in terms of the life-support systems.

A technologically

B considerably

C structurally

D internally

23. According to the American judicial system twelve people constitute a jury.

A compose

B overthrow

C dispose

D surpass

24. With so many trivial matters to attend to, he can hardly get down to reading for the test.

A participate in

B cater to

C indulge in

D see to

25. The decently dressed son and the humble-looking father formed a striking contrast.

A astonishing

B humiliating

C noticeable

D fleeting.

26. Nowadays the prevention against SARS has assumed new significance and attracted much attention.

A carried on

B taken on

C worked on

D embarked on

27. At the economic forum, each speech by a distinguished guest has to be translated simultaneously.

A once in a while

B at the same time

C in a broad sense

D as soon as possible.

28. Studies of the role of positive thinking in our daily lives have yielded interesting results.

A specific=definite

B active

C creative

D confident.

29. This training course is intended to improve the competence of English of the staff.

A proficiency

B grasp

C efficiency

D competition

30. Students are supposed to set aside enough time for recreations and sports.

A set apart

B leave out

C go about

D put up

Section B (0.5 point each)

31. Some of the old customs has continued ____ politeness although they are no longer thought about now.

A in the way of

B in the eyes of

C in the face of

D in the form of

32. One of the chief functions of slang words is to consolidate one’s ___ with a group.

A identification

B specification

C introduction

D superstition

33. Given the other constitutional grounds elaborated by the justices, the association ____ that schools should continue to test, if they so choose.

A preserve

B safeguards B maintains D conserves

34. Finding out information about these universities has become amazingly easy for any one with the Internet ____

A entrance

B admission

C access

D involvement

35. Lack of exercise as well as unhealthy dietary habits can increase the risk of ____

A mobility

B morality

C maturity

D mortality

36. On this bridge many suicide attempts are ____; lives can be saved.

A impulsive

B responsive

C destructive

D speculative

37. Abraham Lincoln was born on a small farm where the forests were ____ by wild animals.

A resided

B inhabited

C segregated

D exhibited

38. Some teenagers are so crazy about video games as to play them many hours________, if possible.

A on purpose

B on hand .

C on credit

D on end

39. Authorities of wildlife have spent millions of dollars on the protection of nature ____

A reserves

B preservatives

C conservatives

D reservations.

40. The young lady is Mr. Smith’s step-daughter, her ____ parents having died in an accident.

A ecological

B psychological

C physiological

D biological

Part III. Cloze Test (10 minutes, 1 point each)

No one knows for sure whether the type of tea (you drink) makes a difference in health, but experts say all kinds of teas probably have some health 41 . Each contains high levels of antioxidants (抗氧化剂), 42 affect the process by which oxygen interacts with a substance to change its chemical 43 . But, the way (tea is processed) can change antioxidant

levels 44 color and taste.

Green tea is made by picking the leaves and quickly heating them to stop oxidization. Green tea typically has a 45 , fresh taste. Black tea is processed to fully oxidize and ferment (发酵) the leaves and create a stronger taste. Some experts suggest that this 46 some variation in health effects between black and green teas. The more rare white tea is considered the finest of teas because it 47 the youngest buds from the plants, which are still covered with whitish hairs when they’re picked. White and green teas have 48 amount of caffeine. But even black tea contain only about half as much caffeine as coffee.

Herbal teas are something 49 different. They are made from the leaves, flowers or roots of various plants. Herbal teas can vary widely 50 their health effects.

41. A advantages B benefits C merits D profits

42. A where it B that C which D when it

43. A elements B ingredients C fragment D composition

44. A as well as B as it is C as far as D as it were

45. A faint B mild C tender D gentle

46. A joins in B hands in C results in D gives in

47. A composes of B makes out C makes up D consists of

48. A less B the least C more D the most

49. A entirely B inevitably C enormously D irresistibly

50. A in case of B in proportion to C in exchange for D in terms of

Part IV Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 pint each)

Passage One

Singletons, referring to those who live alone, are being comforted by well-meaning friends and family and told that not having a partner is not the end of the world. So, it would seem that they can say, yes, it is not. But no, in fact, it is the end.

A gloomy study has just been released that says that the international trend towards living alone is putting an unprecedented strain on our ecosystem.

For a number of reasons---- relationship breakdown, career choice, longer life spans, smaller families---- the number of individual households is growing. And this is putting intolerable pressure on natural resources, and accelerating the extinction of endangered plant and animal species. And there is worse news. Running a refrigerator, television, cooker, plumbing system just for selfish little you is a disastrous waste of resources on our over-populated planet. “The efficiency of resource consumption” is a lot higher in households of two people or more, simply because they share everything. Well imagine that . Just when you thought living alone was OK, you would find that all the time you were the enemy of mankind. Every time you put the kettle on the stove for a cup of coffee you were destroying Mother Earth. Indeed, it is not just your mother who is a bit worried by your continuing single status ---- you are letting down the entire human race by not having a boyfriend or girlfriend. The trouble is that society has a group instinct and people panic and hit out when they see other people quietly rebelling and straying away from the “standard” of family and coupledom.

The suggestion is that singledom should be at best a temporary state. Unless you are assimilated into a larger unit, you can never be fully functional.

Try “communal living.” There are all these illustrations of young attractive people having a “green time,” laughingly bumping into each other. It looks like an episode of the TV series Friends.

And the message is clear: Togetherness is good, solitude is bad, and being single on your own is not allowed.

51. Well-meaning friends and family members often tell those who live alone that _____

A they should end their singledom as soon as possible.

B they should live together with other singletons.

C singledom is an acceptable life-style.

D singledom can shorten one’s life-span.

52. Which of the following may NOT be the reason for the increasing number of households as mentioned in the passage?

A Many people get divorced because of unhappy marriage.

B Now people can afford to support a household individually.

C Some people have to sacrifice family life for their careers.

D Many people live much longer than before.

53. The author thinks living alone is disastrous mainly because singledom is _________

A harmful to people’s life.

B destructive to our ecosystem.

C dangerous to plants and animals.

D unworkable in our society

54. It is implied in the passage that singletons are usually _______

A self-reliant

B self-conscious

C self-sufficient

D self-centered

55. When seeing others living alone, some people panic because they think singledom is ____

A abnormal

B diversified

C unimaginable

D disgusting

56. The author suggests that singletons should ___________

A find boy friends or girl friends.

B live with their parents and other family members.

C live together and share more with their friends.

D watch more episodes of the TV series Friends.

Passage Two

In 1999 when MiShel and Carl Meissner decided to have children, they tackled the next big issue; Should they try to have a girl? It was no small matter. MiShel’s brother had become blind from a hereditary condition in his early 20s, and the Meissners had learned that the condition is a disorder passed from mothers to sons. If they had a boy, he would have a 50 percent chance of having the condition. A girl would be unaffected. The British couple’s inquiries about sex selection led them to Virginia, U.S., where a new sperm-separation technique, called MicroSort, was experimental at the time. When MiShel became pregnant she gave birth to a daughter. Now they will try to have a second daughter using the same technique.

The techniques separates sperm into two groups--- those that carry the X-chromosome (染色体) producing a female baby and those that carry the Y-chromosome producing a male baby.

The technology was developed in 1990s, but the opening of laboratory in January 2003 in California marked the company’s first expansion. “We believe the number of people who want this technology is greater than those who have access to it.” Said Keith L. Blauer, the company’s clinical director.

This is not only a seemingly effective way to select a child’s gender. It also brings a host of ethical and practical considerations ----especially for the majority of families who use the technique for nonmedical reasons.

The clinic offers sex selection for two purposes: to help couples avoid passing on a sex-linked genetic disease and to allow those who already have a child to “balance” their family by having a baby of the opposite sex.

Blaucer said the company has had an impressive success rate: 91 percent of the women who become pregnant after sorting for a girl are successful, while 76 percent who sort for a boy and get pregnant are successful.

The technique separates sperm based on the fact that the X chromosome is larger than the Y chromosome. A machine is used to distinguished the size differences and sort the sperm accordingly.

57. Why did MiShel and Carl decide not to have a boy?

A Because they might give birth to a blind baby.

B Because Carl might pass his family’s disease to his son.

C Because the boy might become blind when he grows up.

D Because they wanted a daughter to balance their family.

58. When MiShel gave birth to her first girl, the new sperm-separation technique ____

A had already been well-developed.

B had not been declared successful.

C was available to those who wanted it.

D had been widely accepted in the medical world.

59. Which of the following is the author’s primary concern regarding the application of the new technology?

A The expansion of the new technology may not bring profits to the companies.

B Most people who use the technology will not have a baby as they want.

C The effect of the new technology still needs to be carefully examined.

D Increasing use of the technology may disturb the sex balance in the population

60. According to Mr. Blauer, by using the new technology, ______

A 91% of the women successfully give birth to girls.

B 76% of the women get pregnant with boys.

C it is more successful for those who want to have girls.

D it is more successful for those who want to have boys.

61. The sperm-separation technique is based on the fact that the chromosomes responsible for babies’ sex_____

A are of different shapes

B are of different sizes

C can be identified

D can be reproduced

62. We can infer from this passage that the new technology_________

A may not guarantee people a daughter or a son as they desire.

B is used by most families for nonmedical reasons.

C has brought an insoluble ethical dilemma for mankind.

D will lead to a larger proportional of females in the population.

Passage Three

Without question there are plenty of bargains to be had at sales time ----particularly at the top-quality shops whose reputation depends on having only the best and newest goods in stock each season. They tend, for obvious reasons, to be the fashion or seasonal goods which in due course become the biggest bargains.

It is true that some goods are specially brought in for the sales but these too can provide exceptional value. A manufacturer may have the end of a range left in his hands and be glad to sell the lot off cheaply to shops; or he may have a surplus of a certain material which he is glad to make up and get rid of cheaply; or he may be prepared to produce a special line at low cost merely to keep his employees busy during slack period. He is likely to have a good many “seconds” available and if their defects are trifling these may be particularly good bargains.

Nevertheless, sales do offer a special opportunity for sharp practices and shoppers need to be extra critical. For example the “second” should be clearly marked as such and not sold as if they were perfect. The term “substandard,” incidentally, usually indicates a more serious defe ct than “seconds.” More serious is the habit of marking the price down from an alleged previous price which is in fact fictitious. Mis-description of this and all other kinds is much practiced by the men who run one-day sales of carpets in church halls and the like. As the sellers leave the district the day after the sale there is little possibility of redress. In advertising sales, shops may say “only 100 left” when in fact they have plenty more; conversely they may say “10,000 at half-price” when only a few are available at such a drastic reduction. If ever the warning “let the buyer beware” were necessary it is during sales.

63. Which kind of goods can be among the best bargains?

A Cheapest goods

B Newest goods

C Seasonal goods

D Goods in stock

64. The second paragraph deals with all of the following types of goods EXCEPT ____

A surplus goods

B low-cost goods

C the end lot goods

D exceptionally valued goods

65. In order to maintain his business during a bad time, a manufacturer may ____

A have his goods produced at low cost.

B sell his goods at a very low price.

C have his employees sell his goods.

D try to produce high quality goods.

66. The passage suggests that “seconds”____________

A are of better qual ity than “substandard goods”

B attract buyers as particularly good bargains.

C are defective but marked as perfect.

D are goods with serious defects

67. The word “redress” ( the underlined word in the last paragraph) probably means ____

A dressing again

B change of address

C compensation for something wrong.

D selling the same product at different prices.

68. During sales shoppers should ____

A find the best bargains at every opportunity.

B beware of being cheated.

C buy things that are necessary.

D pay more attention to the price.

Passage Four

How many of today’s ailment, or even illnesses, are purely psychological? And how far can these be alleviated by the use of drugs? For example a psychiatrist concerned mainly with the emotional problems of old people might improve their state of mind somewhat b y the use of anti-depressants but he would not remove the root cause of their depression ----- the feeling of being useless, often unwanted and handicapped by failing physical powers.

One of the most important controversies in medicine today is how far doctors, and particularly psychologists, should

depend on the use of drugs for “curing” their patients. It is not merely that drugs may have been insufficiently tested and may reveal harmful side effects as happened in the case of anti-sickness pills prescribed for expectant mothers but the uneasiness of doctor who feel that they are treating the symptoms of a disease without removing the disease itself. On the other hand, some psychiatrists argue that in many cases such as chronic depressive illness it is impossible to get at the root of the illness while the patient is in a depressed state. Even prolonged psychiatric care may have no noticeable effect whereas some people can be lifted out of a depression by the use of drugs within a matter of weeks. These doctors feel not only that they have no right to withhold such treatment, but that the root cause of depression can be tackled better when the patient himself feels better. This controversy is concerned, however, with the serious psychological illnesses. It does not solve the problem of those whose headaches, indigestion, backache, etc. are due to “nerves”. Commonly a busy family doctor will ascribe them to some physical cause and as a matter of routine prescribe a drug. Once again the symptoms are being cured rather than the disease itself.

It may be true to say, as one doctor suggested recently, that over half of the cases that come to the o rdinary doctor’s attention are not purely physical ailments. If this is so, the situation is serious indeed.

69. The author thinks that drugs used for treating psychological ills ______

A could be ineffective in some cases.

B usually have harmful side effects.

C can greatly alleviate the illnesses.

D can remove the root causes.

70. The controversy mentioned in the passage focuses on ___

A whether psychologists should use drugs to cure their patients.

B how psychologists should treat their patients.

C the fact that all of the drugs have harmful side effects.

D the extent to which drugs should be used to fight psychological illness.

71. The passage indicates that psychologists _____

A find it impossible to remove a psychological disease

B feel dissatisfied at treating their patients with drugs.

C believe that the root cause of a disease can be ignored.

D can do nothing if the patient is in a depressed state .

72. When treating patients with psychological problems, some doctors feel that they ____

A are at a loss for treatment.

B have no right to use drugs.

C have to cure their patients by any means.

D should use drugs to treat the symptoms.

73. A family doctor would normally consider a headache or backache as a result of ____

A a more serious disease

B some emotional problem.

C a physical disorder

D prolonged work

74. Regarding the situation of psychological problems the author feels ____

A concerned

B hopeless

C surprised

D disappointed

Passage Five

Those who make the rules for financial institution probably should take a modified oath. Their pledge would be: First, do no harm. Second, if the reforms put before me) are unclear, don’t approve them.

Charles Morris may not have intend ed his new book Money, Greed, and Risk to cast such a dim light on the regulators, but it does. In fact, it may serve as a wake-up call for true believers in our current regulatory structure, most of which was erected in the 1930s and most of which Morris seems to favor, despite the stupid results it has caused.

Morris, a former Chase Manhattan banking executive, outlines in great detail, again and again, how regulators, lawmakers, firms and many of the customers marched straight into mortgage, currency, thrift (互相储蓄) and other investment disasters. His discussion of Regulation Q, an attempt by Congress in the 1960s to rescue ailing savings and loans by regulating interest rates, reveals not only Congressional economic illiteracy, but also the deep harm such foolish thinking can do to the real economy.

After some 260 pages listing the foolish things of Wall Street, regulators and lawmakers, Morris draws some pessimistic conclusions: “One constant in all the crises is that the regulatory responses come only after a crisis hits its peak.” For example, it “took the S&L crisis of the 1980s to bring honest accounting to thrifts, and it wasn’t until the banking sector suffered huge losses in real estate and foreign loans that regulators began to enforce strict capital standards.”

So, what is the point of regulation? Morris, who is excellent at recounting tales of regulation gone bad, asserts that

regulation is absolutely necessary, that it is the essential plumbing in our economic house. Nevertheless, Mr. Morris should have noticed that plumbing requires plumbers, and while a good one can keep a house functional, a rotten plumber can turn

a minor drip into a ruinous flood.

75. The passage is primarily concerned with ___

A recommending Morris’s new book.

B criticizing Morris’ attitude to regulations.

C describing current economic situations.

D commenting on financial regulators.

76. Which of the following is true of Money, Greed and Risk?

A It discusses the importance of plumbing in keeping a house functional.

B It describes a great number of financial disasters in detail .

C It analyses the reasons for regulating the banking industry.

D It emphasizes the flaws in the financial system of the 1930s.

77. Regulation Q is quoted in the passage mainly to ____

A demonstrate what kind of examples Morris has cited in his book.

B illustrate that misguided policies can be very harmful to economy.

C support Morris’s statement about the incompetence of Congressmen and bankers.

D re fute Morris’s conclusion about the foolishness of the government regulations.

78. The government regulations often fail to bring the desired result partly because ____

A the regulators do not understand economy well.

B the regulations are enforced before a crisis hits its peak.

C banking executives do not believe in the current regulatory structure.

D the standards for financial institutions are not consistent.

79. According to the passage, which of the following is true of Morris?

A He needn’t hav e recounted so many financial disasters.

B He has little faith in the present-day regulatory system.

C He has failed to point out that regulators are more to blame than unwise regulations.

D His book will undermine the readers’ faith in the current re gulatory structure.

80. The author’s attitude towards Morris’s new book can best be described as ____

A scornful

B appreciative

C satirical

D critical

Part V Translation (30 minutes, 20 points)

What’s strange about man is that he has yet to learn to settle disputes by some means other than war. Not only does war take a heavy toll of lives, but leads to increased tension. The use of sophisticated weapons is apt to bring about disasters to human health, although the reluctance to eliminate weapons of mass destruction on the part of the big powers will not necessarily end up with conflicts. The chances are that man will have his own civilization destroyed if the notion of the survival of the fittest still applies to the international community. We can’t help wondering how many years it will take for the world to eliminate war once for all.

运用世界领先的技术将使中国有可能摆脱贫穷。来中国的国外游客吃惊地发现在以前又脏又穷的地方出现了高楼大厦。他们的所见所闻使他们得出的结论是：中国不仅远非落后，而且正向小康社会迈进。

Part VI Writing (30 minutes, 10 points)

Topic: Do you agree with the statement that the traditional teacher-centered lecture format used in many colleges and universities discourages independent thinking? Give some reasons to support your points of view.

21. (C)该句意为：重视盈利使这些系统过于庞大，因此更容易遭受恐怖袭击。

render: v. 致使declare: v. 宣布verify: v. 证明indicate: v. 表明

22. (B)该句意为：在逃生系统方面，8.5吨的神州3号已有大幅度改进。

substantially: adv. 相当大地；实质地technologically: adv. 技术上considerably: adv. 极大地structurally: adv. 结构上internally: adv. 内部地

23. (A)该句意为：根据美国司法体系，12人组成一个陪审团。

constitute: v. 构成，组成compose: v. 组成overthrow: v. 推翻surpass: v. 超越

24. (D)该句意为：要处理的琐事太多，他很难静心为考试而读书。

attend to: v. 照料接待，处理participate in: v. 参加cater to: v. 迎合，要求indulge in: v. 沉迷于see to: v. 留心，处理25. (C)该句意为：衣着体面的儿子和看起来很寒酸的父亲形成鲜明的对比。

striking: adj. 鲜明的，明显的，引人注目的astonishing: adj. 惊人的humiliating: adj. 侮辱性的，令人难看的noticeable: adj. 明显的fleeting: adj. 瞬间的

26. (B)该句意为：目前，防“非典”具有新的意义并引起广泛关注。

assume: v. 假设，假定；具有carry on: v. 继续take on: v. 呈现；具有；

雇佣work on: v. 从事embark on: v. 从事，承担，开始

27. (B)该句意为：在这次经济论坛中，每位贵宾的发言都要同声传译。

simultaneously: adv. 同时once in a while: adv. 偶尔in a broad sense: adv. 广义上讲

28. (D)该句意为：对乐观思维在日常生活中作用的研究已产生有趣的结果。

specific: adj. 明确的，特有的active: adj. 积极的，主动的creative: adj. 有创造的confident: adj. 有信心的

29. (A)该句意为：该培训课程旨在提高工作人员的英语水平。

competence: n. 能力，合格proficiency: n. 熟练程度，水平grasp: n. 领会（无“掌握”之意）efficiency: n. 效率competition: n. 竞争

30. (A)该句意为：学生应为娱乐和体育活动留出足够的时间。

set aside: v. 留出（时间等）以备有leave out: v. 省略go about: v. 处理put up: v. 进行；举起；张贴

Section B

31. (D)该句意为：尽管古老的习俗不再引起人们的注意，但其中一些仍以礼貌形式继续存在。

in the way of: 防碍in the eyes of: 在…看来in the face of: 在…面前in the form of: 以…的形式

32. (A)该句意为：俚语的主要功能之一是增强与其一伙人的认同感。

identification: n. 辨认，身份，认同specification: n. 说明introduction: n. 介绍superstition: n. 迷信

33. (C)该句意为：鉴于法官们论述的其他宪法依据，该协会坚持认为学校可以继续实施考试制度。

preserve: v. 维护，保护safeguard: v. 捍卫maintain: v. 维护，坚持认为conserve: v. 保护，保守

34. (C)该句意为：能上网的人都能轻而易举地了解这些大学的情况。

entrance: n. 入口，入学，进入admission: n. 录取，进入access: n. 使用的权利或机会involvement: n. 参与，卷入35. (D)该句意为：缺少运动和不健康饮食习惯增加了死亡的可能性。

mobility: n. 流动性morality: n. 道德观maturity: n. 成熟mortality: n. 死亡

36. (A)该句意为：在此桥上，许多自杀的企图都是一时冲动，其实生命是可以挽救的。

impulsive: adj. 冲动的responsive: adj. 有反应的destructive: adj. 毁灭性的speculative: adj. 投机的，思考的

37. (B)该句意为：林肯出生在一个小农场，那儿的森林是野兽的家园。

reside: vi. 居住inhabit: v. 居住segregate: v. 隔离exhibit: v. 展现

38. (D)该句意为：有些青少年对电子游戏特别着迷，有时可能连续玩数小时。

on purpose: 故意on hand: 拥有，就要出现，出席on credit: 赊on end: 连续

39. (A)该句意为：野生动物部门已花费数百万美元保护自然保护区。

nature reserve: 自然保护区preservative: 防腐剂conservative: 保守的人reservation: 保留

40. (D)该句意为：这位年轻女士是史密斯先生的养女，她的亲生父母死于车祸。

ecological: adj. 生态的psychological: adj. 心理学的physiological: adj. 生理的biological: adj. 生物的，亲的

第三部分完形填空

该短文介绍了不同茶叶的采集、加工过程以及茶叶对人类健康的益处。

41. (B) 短文第一段作者说：谁也不敢肯定您喝的那种茶对健康有什么作用，但是专家说所有的茶都可能对健康有益。

42. (C) 第二句作者说：每种茶叶都含有较高的抗氧化剂成分，这些抗氧化剂影响着氧与其他物质反应后改变其化学成分的过程。Which在这里是引导一个非限定性定语从句。

43. (D) 见42题。该题四个选择项意思相近，但不相同。

element: n. 元素；要素ingredient: n. 配方成分fragment: n. 碎片composition: n. 组成成分，（化学）成分

44. (A) 第一段最后一句作者说：但是茶叶的不同加工过程可以改变其抗氧化剂的含量及茶叶的颜色和口味。

45. (B) 第二段第二句作者说：绿茶典型的特点是味淡而清鲜。

46. (C) 接着作者说：红茶因其在加工过程中完全氧化并发酵，因而会产生很浓的味道。专家说这种过程就使红茶和绿茶对人们的健康有不同的作用。

47. (D) 接着作者说：更稀有的是白毛尖，这是茶中的极品，它是由茶树上最嫩的小芽制成，采摘时上面还有一层白色的绒毛覆盖。“由……组成”的表达方式有：be composed of, be made up of 和consist of, 因此只有D对。

48. (B) 接着作者说：白毛尖和绿茶含咖啡因最少。（从语法上讲the most也可用，但从上下文的意思上讲应该是含咖啡因越少越好。）

49. (A) 第三段作者说：药茶与茶叶完全不同。

inevitably: adv. 不可避免地enormously: adv. 巨大地irresistibly: adv. 不可抗拒地

50. (D) 最后一句作者说：不同的药茶对健康的作用差别很大。

in terms of: 在……方面in case of: 假设，……情况下in proportion to: 与……成比例in exchange for: 交换

第四部分阅读理解第一篇

这一篇讲的是由于独居者的增加给地球生态系统带来了前所未有的压力，因为独居比与别人共同居住会消费更多的自然资源，从而加速濒危动植物的灭绝。作者建议独居者最后与人合作，尽快结束独居。

51. (C) 文章一开始作者说：好心的朋友和家人都在安慰独居的人，并跟他们说没有人做伴，天也不会塌下来的。singleton意为“独居者”，原是超级词汇，但文中已有解释，考生可明白其意思。

52. (B)第三段第一句作者说：由于种种原因，如婚姻关系破裂、职业的选择、寿命的延长、家庭小型化等，单人家庭的数量在增加，这里面没有提到由于收入的增长，人们可以一个人维持一个家庭。

53. (B)第二段作者说：刚刚发表的一项令人沮丧的研究说全球倾向于独居的趋势正在给我们的生态系统造成前所未有的压力。第三段的第二句作者又说：独居给自然资源造成不可忍受的压力，加速了濒危动植物的灭绝。

54. (D)第三段第四句作者说：独居的人很自私，他们自己一个人用一个冰箱、电视、饭锅和上下水系统，这对我们这个过于拥挤的星球上的自然资源来说是一个灾难性的浪费。

55. (A)第三段的最后一句作者说：我们的社会是本能的群体社会，当人们看到其他人在不露声色地违反群体社会原则并与“标准”的家庭和夫妻关系原则背道而驰时就会大惊小怪，并且猛烈地抨击他们。

56. (C)文章的最后两段作者劝独居者说：尝试一下与别人合住。有很多这方面的例子，漂亮的青年人笑着相遇，共同度过美好时光，就像电视连续剧?六人行?中描写的那样。这些信息清楚地告诉我们：合住好，孤独不好，单身独居是不被（社会）允许的。

第二篇

本文介绍了用现代医学的方法已经能够使一对夫妻在想要孩子时选择使他们的孩子的性别。有些人选择孩子的性别是为了避免遗传疾病，而有的人是为了家里男孩女孩平衡。这就引出了医学伦理道德的问题。

57. (C)文章第一段第三句作者说：MiShel的兄弟在20岁刚过时就因遗传性疾病而双目失明。Meisser夫妇知道这种疾病是通过母亲传给儿子的。如果他们生男孩的话，这个男孩就有50％的可能性带有这种病。

58. (B)第一段第六句作者说：因为这对英国夫妇要求选择孩子的性别，因此他们就来到了美国弗吉尼亚州，这里有一种新的分离精子的技术称作MicroSort（微筛选），当时正在试验阶段（1999年）。

59. (D)第三段作者说：看来这一技术不仅能有效地选择孩子的性别，也带来了一大堆伦理和实际上的问题。特别是大多数应用该技术的家庭，并不是出于医学上的需要（这里指他们只是为了要男孩或女孩，这样就可能影响人口性别的比例）。

60. (C)文章的第六段作者说：Blauer说该公司的成功率令人瞩目：91％想要生女孩的妇女成功受孕，76％想要男孩的妇女成功受孕。

61. (B)文章最后一段作者说：分离精子的技术是基于X染色体比Y染色体大。科学家用一种机器把大小不同的染色体分开。

62. (A)参见第60题。

第三篇

本篇分析了商家在商品大降价时抛售商品的策略与内幕，并提醒消费者不要上当受骗。

63. (C)作者在第一段第二句说：很明显降价的商品都是赶时髦或季节性的商品，时间一过就成为打折最多的商品。

64. (D)第二段作者说：确实有的商品就是用做降价的，但是它们也能给商家带来额外的价值。厂家手头可能有一批货底子，很想送到商店里去降价处理掉；或者厂家有一批剩余的材料，他们想把这些材料制成商品减价处理掉；或许厂家只是为了让工人在淡季有活干而生产一批低成本的产品，厂家也可能是有一大批二等品，产品有瑕疵，但并不严重，可以成为很好的降价商品。作者在这里没有提到特别有价值的商品。

65. (A)参见第64题。

66. (A)第三段第二句括号内作者指出：顺便说一下（incidentally），“次品”这个词通常指比“二等品”瑕疵更严重的产品。

67. (C)第三段第五句作者说：一些利用教堂大厅或类似的地方卖一日大减价地毯的人常常会利用这些误导消费者的方法。因为大减价一天后他们就离开了这个地区，消费者不可能找他们赔偿。

68. (B)文章最后一句作者说：有必要在大减价时提醒消费者：请消费者注意，不要上当。

第四篇

本文中作者指出一些疾病，特别是心理疾病和精神疾病，用药物治疗只能缓解患者的症状，却不能根治疾病。作者指出其实许多症状如头痛、消化不良等都可能是心理疾病的反映，应得到重视。

69. (A)文章第三句作者说：例如一些主要治疗老年人的感情问题的精神科医生，他们只给老年人开一些抗抑郁的药物，但是却不能解决老年抑郁症的根本的问题。

70. (D)第二段第一句作者说：现代医学界重要的争论之一就是医生，特别是心理医生，应该在多大程度上依靠用药物来“治愈”他们的患者。

71. (B)第二段第二句作者说：问题还不只是因为一些药物没有得到足够的检验，有些可能还有副作用，而是因为医生们认为他们是在治疗患者的症状而不是治疗疾病本身而感到不安。

72. (D)第二段第三句作者说：另一方面，一些精神医生却认为在许多情况下，如慢性抑郁症，在病人处于抑郁的状态的时候，也不可能解决疾病的根源问题。言外之意就是只能用药物来控制症状。

73. (C)第二段倒数第二句作者说：通常一个很忙的家庭医生都会把头痛、消化不良以及背痛等归咎于身体的原因（而非心理的原因），因此按常规就开一些对症的药物。

74. (A)最后一段作者说：一位医生最近指出一半以上去医生那儿看病的患者，不纯粹是身体的疾病。如果这是事实的话，那么情况确实很严重了。

第五篇

本文批评美国财政政策老化，立法滞后，特别是制订财政政策的议员们不懂经济，结果给经济发展带来了不良的影响。

75. (D)见内容介绍和全篇内容。

76. (B)第三段第一句作者说：Morris是前曼哈顿蔡斯银行的总裁，他在他的新书?金钱、贪婪与风险?中详细地、一遍又一遍地指出财政政策的制订者们、立法人员、公司以及许多消费者是如何径直走向抵押贷款、现金、互助储蓄以及其他的一些投资灾难中去的。

77. (B)第三段第二句作者说：Morris在书中讨论了第Q项财政规定。这项规定是60年代议会为挽救不良储蓄和贷款而制定的调解利率的政策。Morris不仅披露了制定该规定的议员们对经济一窍不通，而且还指出这种愚蠢的想法给实际经济带来了严重的伤害。

78. (A)参见第77题。

79. (C)文章的最后一句作者说：然而Morris先生本来应该注意到：管道是需要管道工来管理的，一个好的管道工可以保证房子里的管道运行良好，而一个差的管道工可能会把原来只滴滴答答漏水的管道弄得满地发大水。这里是指制定规定的人比规定本身更重要。

80. (D)作者全文都是在批评财政政策制定中的问题。

【英译汉】

人类的奇怪之处在于仍未学会以非战争的手段解决冲突。战争不仅给生命造成重点损失，而且加剧紧张局势。尽管大国不愿意销毁大规模杀伤性武器的心理不一定导致冲突，但尖端武器的使用会给人类健康带来灾难。如果适者生存（或优胜劣汰）这一观念仍使用于国际社会，那么人类的文明就很可能遭到毁灭。我们不禁要问世界需要多上年才能彻底消灭战争。

第一句2分。不可接受的译文：（1）把has yet to译成“还要”。（2）把other than 译成“而不是”。

第二句1分。第三句3分，其中主句1分，从句2分。

第四句3分。不可接受的译文：（1）把chances译成“机会”。（2）把have his own civilization destroyed译成“让人毁灭”。（3）未译出“适者生存”。（4）把community译成“团体”或“社区”。第五句1分。

【汉译英】

The application of world-leading technologies will make it possible for China to shake off poverty. Foreign visitors to China are surprised to find that high-rises have sprung up in what used to be dirty and poor. What they see and hear leads them to the conclusion that not only is China far from backward, but well on the way to the well-off society.

第一句2分。不可接受的译文：（1）把“使中国有可能……”译成make China possible to ……

第二句4分。重点是be surprised to find that ……句型。可接受的译文：To the surprise of …, they find ……

第三句4分。重点是“使……得出的结论是……”的译法。

2016年考研英语一真题及答案

2016 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一） 真题及答案（完整版） Text 1 France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that" incite excessive thinness" by promoting extreme dieting. Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health. That's a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starring themselves to health -as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape -measure they must use to determine their individual worth. The bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman （and many men ）that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty .And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques . The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mess could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison. The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement. In contrast to France's actions, Denmark's fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age, health, and other characteristics of models .The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical charter clearly states, we are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people. The charter's main toll of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen. Fashion week, which is men by the Danish Fashion Institute .But in general it relies on a name-and -shame method of compliance. Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry. 21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France [A] Physical beauty would be redefined [B] New runways would be constructed

研究生学位英语汉译英试题

近年汉译英试题 2004年1月 考研的人在英语上花的时间远远多于其它学科，希望英语分数越高越好。许多人坚信成功地秘诀是参加短训班和多背范文，结果却发现此招不灵。他们为提高英语水平做出的努力很难得到回报。 参考译文： Those who take the entrance examination for graduate schools spend much (/far) more time on English than on other subjects, hoping for the highest possible scores of English. Many people are convinced that the secret to success is to attend training courses (/classes) and learn many sample writings by heart, only to find that doesn’t work. Their efforts to improving their English can’t pay off easily. 2004年6月 计算机被认为是有史以来对人类生活影响最大的发明。它的神奇之处在于其运算速度和准确性优于人类。计算机能在几秒钟内完成几十年前可能需要数天才能完成的事。这是人类第一次感到自己作为最高级物种的地位受到了挑战。 参考译文： The computer is believed (/regarded /considered) to be the invention that has exerted the greatest influence on human lives in history. What is remarkable about it is that it can calculate with better speed and accuracy than man. The computer can finish in seconds what might have taken days decades ago. This is the first time that man has felt that his position (/status) as the highest species has been challenged. 2005年1月 人们越来越意识到开发环保型产品的重要性。为实现长期可持续发展，发达国家不惜代价减少温室气体的排放。如果目前全球变暖的速度保持不变，东京和伦敦等大城市从地球上消失的可能性将是20前的10倍。 参考译文： People have become increasingly aware of the importance of developing environmentally friendly (pollution-free) products. For the sake of longstanding sustainable development, developed countries are to reduce

专业学位硕士研究生英语教程Unit-15词汇及课后答案

Unit 15 Aesthetics Word Bank abridge：to make sth. shorter删节，缩略 administer：to manage or direct管理 alienate：to make someone unwilling to give support使疏远 arbitrary：based on personal opinion rather than facts or reason任意的，随意的 assume：to believe sth. to be true without strong proof; to expect假设；假定 blemish：sth. that spoils perfection瑕疵，污点 complexion：the natural color or appearance of the skin, esp. of the face面色；肤色 conceive：to become pregnant with (a child) 孕育 confess：to admit (a fault, crime etc) 承认；坦白 demean：to cause to lose sense of personal pride贬损，降低身份 detriment：the condition of suffering harm or damage损害，伤害 disciple：a follower信徒 disparage：to speak about without respect贬低，轻视 dissect：to cut up so as to study the shape and relationship of the parts, as medical students do 解剖，切开 enchantment: a delightful influence or feeling of delight魅力，着迷 honorable：deserving honor值得尊敬的 inferior：not good or less good in quality or value次的，差的 lamentable：very unsatisfactory令人惋惜的，可叹的 masculine：of or having qualities suitable for a man男性的，阳刚的 narcissism：too great love for one's own abilities or physical appearance自恋，自我陶醉overtone：things that are suggested but not shown or stated clearly含义，弦外之音 pagan：of a person who is not a believer of any of the chief religions of the world异教徒的paradox：a statement that contradicts itself悖论 pedagogy：the practice of teaching or the study of teaching methods教学法，教育学 preen：to dress up打扮 privilege：a special advantage limited to a particular person or group特权，特殊待遇 renounce：to give up (a claim) 声明放弃 scrutiny：a close study or look仔细检查，详审 seductive：very desirable or attractive有魅力的 trivial：of little worth or importance琐碎的，没有价值的 vestige：a sign, mark, track, or other proof that sb. or sth. formerly existed痕迹，残余Phrases and Expressions attribute...to：to believe (sth.) to be the result or work of归因于，认为是…的结果 be wary of：to be careful of谨防，谨慎 deprive...of：to take sth. away from somebody剥夺 distinguish：between to make a difference between区分，区别 identify...with：to share feelings or ideas of others; to consider as similar to与…共鸣；视……为一体

2016考研英语二真题：小作文解析

2016考研英语二真题：小作文解析 Suppose you won a translation contest and your friend Jack wrote an email to congratulate you, and ask advice on translation. Write him a reply to 1)thank him; 2)give your advice. You should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET. Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter, use “Li Ming ” instead. Do not write the address .(10 point) 如大家所见，这是2016年英语二小作文题目。英语（二）考纲的写作部分，其实主 要考查学生的应用能力，考查范围包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等，还应能写一般 描述性、叙述性和说明或议论性的文章；而要求考生根据所给情景写出一篇约100词（标 点符号不计算在内）的应用性短文。 作为写作B部分的小作文总分10分，大家要抓住得分点。小作文在评分时有如下评分 要点：1.信息点——覆盖全面；2.内容——组织连贯；3.语言——准确性；4.格式——符 合要求；5.语域——恰当。 不出所料，今年英语二的小作文再次考查了书信体，并且考查的信件可以说是杂糅型的。这在2011年英语二中出现了同样的考查方式： Suppose your cousin LI MING has just been admited to a university write him/her a letter to： （1）Congratulate him/her，and （2）give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. DO not sign your own name at the end of the letter，Use zhangwei. 同样的考查方式，足以说明一件事情——绝对要重视考研真题。跨考教育英语教研室 的老师总在强调真题的重要性，希望大家以后一定要强化这种认识。 下面我们来详细解读下今年的小作文，首先看一下题目要求： 称呼： Dear Jack注意称呼中，后面的逗号不可丢，也不能写成冒号。 正文 建议大家三步走策略——简洁、直接、明了：写作目的、写作是由、重申目的第一段：写作内容需涵盖两点：写信目的，表明感谢来自朋友的祝贺；可以采用这样 的表达方式：I’m writing to express my gratitude for your congratulation on my success in the translation contest. 第二段：写作内容应以建议为主体。在这个过程中可以把日常我们如何提高的方式写 进正文，如讲究学习方式、注重坚持、多多接触外文文化及语境。那本篇老师主要从前两 个方面进行论述，表达如下：As regard to my experience, I would like to offer you some proposals in this part. At the top of list is the persistence due to the fact that you could deserve the position after days or years of efforts that you have had in the field. What’s more, you are supposed to pay more attention to the way in which you finish your major, for it plays a significant role in the process. 第三段：再次强调重申写信目的，如Thanks again and I do hope that my suggestions can be in favor of your future study. 落款： Yours sincerely, 特别提醒sincerely后面逗号不能丢；签名： Li Ming特别注 意 Ming 后面一定不能出现句点。

研究生学位英语29

考试须知 1、本次考试试卷有试题册（试卷一）和答题纸（Answer Sheet)两种，答题时间 为120分钟。 2、请考生用钢笔在Answer Sheet上写上姓名、学号、专业班级。 3、请考生在Answer Sheet上答题，写在试题册上的答案一律作废。 4、选择题每题只能选一个答案，多选作废。选定答案后，在Answer Sheet中找到相应题号，将答案对应字母（A\B\C\D）填写在题号后的括号里。注意保持字迹清晰工整，容易识别。由于字迹潦草、答案模棱两可甚至无法识别者，一律判为0分，责任由考生本人负责。 5、简答题、翻译和作文等主观题部分的答题请考生用钢笔书写在Answer Sheet 指定位置上。 6、考试结束，考生不得将试题册和答题纸带出考场。请把试题册和答题纸分别 上交监考老师。 Test 29 Part I Situational Conversations (10%) Directions:In this part, there are ten short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that most appropriately suits the conversational context and best completes the dialogue．Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center of the corresponding letter． 1. Robert: How annoying. I can’t figure out a solution to this problem. Can you help me? Anderson: __________. A. How stupid you are. The problem is too easy to disturb me. B. Well, I’m afraid I can’t at the moment. C. You shouldn’t feel annoyed. After all,it’s your own problem. D. OK. Though it’s beyond me, let me try. 2. Speaker A: Excuse me. Could you show me the way to the nearest post office? Speaker B: ________ A. OK. I’d like to go with you. B. Of course. Go down this street and turn le ft. C. Sorry. I’m busy now. Go away. D . No problem. It’s my pleasure to direct you. 3. Customer: I need some aspirin, please, and I'd also like to get this prescription filled．

Unit-2专业学位硕士研究生英语教程词汇及课后答案

Unit 2 Men V.S. (against) Women男女有别 Word Bank (assist=help) assistance: n. aid帮助，协助; first aid急救 associate (~ A with B= relate A to B): 1) n.a companion (=company伙伴/ 公司; accompany sb. to somewhere); 1)n. a partner合伙人2)v. to connect in the mind or imagination联想; 3)a. 副~ professor副教授 disengage: v. to release (oneself) from an engagement, pledge, or obligation解脱，解放; be oblighed (#forced) to do sth.不得不做某事；be ~in sth.参与某事 (attract<->) distract (->distraction干扰): v. to cause to turn away from the original focus of attention or interest分散，转移 (move->motion/ motion picture=film/ movie) emotionally: adv. related to emotion情绪上地fade: v. to lose strength or vitality (energy)衰退 forgetful: adj. tending or likely (possible) to forget健忘; forgetable<->unforgetable (frict: vt.) friction: n. conflict, as between persons having dissimilar ideas or interests矛盾 Ignore (->ignorant->ignorance): v. to refuse to pay attention to不理睬，忽视 (instinct: n.-> instinctive; a.->) instinctively: adv. relating to, or resulting from instinct本能地 Mars: n. the fourth planet from the sun火星；~ Square战神广场 (mall购物广场#) mull: v. to go over extensively in the mind思虑; (neglegence->neglegeble) neglect: v. to pay little or no attention to忽视，疏忽overwhelm (overcome/ defeat): v. to overpower the thoughts, emotions, or senses (=reason) of 制服，控制 preoccupy: v. to engross the thoughts or mind of使全神贯注，迷住; enable; encourage鼓励(at random=) randomly: adv. of no specific order or pattern随意，任意地 (resent: vt.) resentment: n. anger, bitterness怨恨，愤恨 (lose one’s temper发火->temporary) temporarily: adv. of a short period of time暂时，临时地(tense->) tension: n. a situation or condition of (host<->hstess->hostile->) hostility suspense, or [easy#ease: 1. n./ 2. vt. to ease the pain；make you at ~=make you at home; feel/ be at ease很自在/ 很舒服) uneasiness (unconfortableness/ nervousness)紧张局势 (response: n. respond: vi. ->responsive->) unresponsive: adj. exhibiting a lack of responsiveness迟钝的 [wind: 1. n.->windy; 2. vt. to ~ the clock; 3. vi. ~ road] unwind: v. to make or become relaxed 放松，释放 Venus: n. the second planet from the sun金星 withdraw：v. to retire or retreat撤离，撤退 Phrases and Expressions be associated with: to be connected with与…有关 cope with: to deal with妥善处理，有效地对付 fade into: to disappear into消失于… focus on: to concentrate on聚焦

2016年4月英语专业4级考试真题答案

2016年4月英语专业4级考试真题答案 说明： 以下答案仅供考生估分参考使用，最终答案以星火英语出版的《专四全真试卷（10套最新真题2007-2016+新题型听力特训8套题+新题型阅读特训8套题+新题型语法词汇、完形填空、写作特训）》《专四真题详解+标准预测（10套最新真题2007-2016+5套标准预测试卷+听力强攻5套题+必背作文30篇+2000词卡片）》中的为准。 Part I DICTATION Think Positive and Feel Positive Are you confident or insecure in a difficult situation? / Do you react positively or negatively? / The answer may depend in part on whom you’re around. / A study found that negative thinking can be contagious in some cases. / For example, the researchers studied 103 college roommates. / They measured each roommate’s tendency towards negative thinking. / It was found that thinking patterns can be contagious. / Students with a negative thinking roommate became more depressed themselves, / and students with more positive thinking roommates / were more likely to become more positive as well. Part II LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A TALK

2016年考研管理类联考英语二真题.pdf

2016年考研管理类联考英语二真题

绝密★启用前 2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试 管理类专业硕士联考 2016年管理类专硕联考英语(二)试题及详解 考生注意事项 1. 考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则 2. 选择题的答案须用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡上，其它笔填涂的或做在试卷或其它类 型答题卡上的答案无效。 3. 其他题一律用蓝色或黑色钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上按规定要求作答，凡做在试 卷上或未做在指定位置的答案无效。 4 .交卷时，请配合监考人员验收，并请监考人员在准考证相应位置签字（作为考 生交卷的凭据）。否则，所产生的一切后果由考生自负。

Section Ⅰ Use of English Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Happy people work differently. They’re more productive, more creative, and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggest that happiness might influence___1___firms work, too. Companies located in places with happier people invest more, according to a recent research paper.___2___, firms in happy places spend more on R&D (research and development ). That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking ___3___ for making investments for the future. The researchers wanted to know if the ___4___ and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would ___5___the way companies invested. So they compared U.S. cities’ average happiness ___6___by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas. ___7___enough, firms’ investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were ___8___.But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment, or could something else about happier cities ___9___why firms there spend more on R&D? To find out, the researchers controlled for various ___10___that might make firms more likely to invest – like size, industry, and sales – and for indicators that a place was ___11___to live in, like growth in wages or population. The link between happiness and investment generally ___12___even after accounting for these things. The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms, which the authors ___13___to “less codified decision making process” and the possible presence of “younger and less ___14___managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.”　The relationship was ___15___stronger in places where happiness was spread more ___16___.Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy, rather than in places with happiness inequality. ___17___this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view, the authors believe it at least ___18___at that possibilit y. It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help ___19___how executives think about the future. “It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and ___20___R&D m ore than the average,” said one researcher. 1. [A] why [B] where [C] how [D] when 2. [A] In return [B] In particular [C] In contrast [D] In conclusion

2019年研究生学位英语统考真题

2016年学位课统考真题(A卷) Paper One Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes, 20 points) Section A ( 1 point each) 1. A Beauty has advantages and disadvantages. B. Beauty has different meanings to different people. C. Beauty brings attention and opportunities. D. Beauty comes from action and good qualities. 2. A. She is using the book now. B. She may give him a hand. C. She can’t lend him the book. D. She will keep the book for him. 3. A Rachel lives fairly close to her. B Rachel visits her quite often. C Rachel comes here once a month. D Rachel rarely gets to see her. 4. A She forgot about the time change. B She didn’t receive the text message

C Her roommate forgot to give her the message. D Her roommate was too nervous to tell her. 5. A He should have got better grades. B The test was based on lecture material. C She misplaced her textbook. D Small luck plays a big role. 6. A On the 16th of June. B. On the 18th of June. C On the 9th of June. D On the 8th of June. 7. A. Go to sleep. B. Watch the movie later. C Change the channel. D Set the alarm clock. 8. A Wear a formal suit. B Wear casual clothes. C Dress up for the party. D Dress in a costume. 9. A. She likes to drink coffee. B She rarely wakes up early. C She needs tea to feel alert.

学科教学英语全日制教育硕士专业学位研究生

学科教学英语全日制教育硕士专业学位研究生

学科教学（英语)全日制教育硕士专业学位研究生 培养方案（2017年修订） 专业代码：(045108) 一、培养目标 培养高素质的基础教育学校和中等职业技术学校英语专任教师。具体要求为：1．热爱祖国，拥护中国共产党领导。热爱教育事业，教书育人，为人师表，积极进取，勇于创新。 2．掌握现代教育理论,具有良好的知识结构和扎实的专业基础，了解英语学科前沿和发展趋势。 3．具有较强的实践能力，胜任并创造性地开展教育教学工作。 4．具有发现和解决问题、终身学习与发展的意识与能力。 5．能较为熟练地运用一种外国语阅读本专业的外文文献资料。 二、招生对象 具有国民教育序列大学本科学历(或本科同等学力)人员。 三、学习年限 学习年限一般为2年。 四、课程设置 课程分为学位基础课、专业必修课、专业选修课和实践教学。总学分不少于38学分。 （一）学位基础课（12学分） 1.政治理论（含教师职业道德教育）（2学分） 2.教育原理（2学分） 3.课程与教学论（2学分） 4.汉语言文学基础（2学分） 5.心理发展与教育（2学分） 6.教育研究方法（2学分） （二）专业必修课（12学分）

1.英语课程与教材研究（2学分） 2.英语教学设计与实施（2学分） 3.外语教育心理学（2学分） 4.教育统计学（2学分） 5.英语教师行动研究与论文写作（2学分） 6.英语语音实践(2学分) （三）专业选修课（6学分） 1.专业理论知识类课程 （1）认知语言学与英语教学(2学分) （2）英语教师发展研究（2学分） （3）语用学与英语教学（2学分） （4）西方文化概况（2学分） （5）翻译理论与实践（2学分） （6）二语习得研究与英语教学(2学分) 2.教学专业技能类课程 （1）现代教育技术（2学分） （2）英语教师口语（2学分） （3）英语写作与教学（2学分） （4）英语阅读与教学（2学分） （5）语言测试学（2学分） （6）高级英语写作（2学分） 3.教育教学管理类课程 （1）英语教学专题研究（2学分） （2）教育政策与法规（1学分） （3）中外教育简史（2学分） （四）实践教学（8学分） 1.校内实训（2学分）：包括教学技能训练、微格教学、课例分析等。 校内实训阶段，安排在第2学期进行，校内4周。 每位研究生备课教案和课堂教学各不少于2节，听课不少于10学时，且应作好听

专四作文样题及参考答案+2016、2017、2018真题及参考答案

专四作文样题 (2016年发布) 第一部分：原题 PART VI WRITING [45 MIN] Should we review traditional Chinese characters or continue using simplified characters? This has been an intensely discussed question for years. The following are the supporters' and opponents' opinions. Read carefully the opinions from both sides and write your response in about 200 words, in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and give your view on the issue. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Yes No Traditional characters, which date back to more than 2000 years ago, have a more beautiful appearance and a more reasonable structure. As indicated by the 親and 愛examples, traditional characters make more sense, convey traditional values and can therefore represent traditional culture. For two millennia, Chinese historical records and classic works were written in traditional characters. To be able to read them and inherit traditional cultures, we need to bring traditional characters back. Politically, it is also necessary to restore traditional Chinese characters. Currently, traditional characters are still in use in Hong Kong, Taiwan and many Chinese communities around the world. Restoring them can contribute to cross-Strait exchanges and national reunifications and unite Chinese people around the world. In today’s world, efficiency matters most. Traditional characters, which usually have more strokes than simplified ones, are more difficult to learn. By contrast, simplified characters are much easier to learn and use. Over the past 50 years, lots of classic texts have been turned into simplified-character versions, which means simplified characters can also promote and preserve traditional culture. Constant simplification has been a trend in the evolution of Chinese characters. From the oracle bones script of 3000 years ago to traditional characters, the Chinese writing system has always been slimming down for better communication.