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专八每日练

专八每日练
专八每日练

21. The global influence of English can be measured by theopposition of its old ____, French.

A. rival

B. mould

C. objective

D. plot

22. That night’s ____ with Grace was as tough a battle as I’veever fought with an animal.

A. experience

B. encounter

C. fatigue

D. attack

23. I don’t think I have become more political, but if I see injustice and ____, I feel I have to dosomething.

A. hostility

B. hostage

C. inhumanity

D. indignation

24. Dr. Fox said that wolves he has have been even more ____and more sensitive to humanfeelings than most dogs have.

A. expressive

B. extensive

C. impressive

D. intensive

25. The present universal fear has been the result of a forward surge in our knowledge and ____of certain dangerous factors in the physical world.

A. perception

B. supplement

C. synthesis

D.manipulation

21.A)

【句意】英语在全球的影响可从它的老对手法语的抵抗窥见一斑。

【难点】rival意为“竞争者,对手”;mould意为“模子,铸型”;objective意为“目的,目标”;plot意为“阴谋,秘密计划”。

22.B)

【句意】那晚和格雷丝的遭遇就像我以前同动物的打斗一样艰难。

【难点】encounter意为“邂逅;遭遇”,后接with; experience意为“经历,经验”;fatigue意为“疲劳”;attack意为“攻击;责难”。

23.C)

【句意】我认为我并没有变得更有政治倾向,但是,如果我看见不公正和野蛮的事情,我感觉我必须做点什么。

【难点】inhumanity意为“无人性;野蛮”;hostility意为“敌意;敌视”;hostage意为“人质;抵押品”;indignation意为“愤怒;义愤”。

24.A)

【句意】福克斯博士说,他养的狼要比多数狗对人更富于情感,更敏感。

【难点】expressive意为“富于表情的,意味深长的”;extensive意为“广泛的;广阔的”;impressive意为“给人以深刻印象的”;intensive意为“集中的,密集的”。

25.D)

【句意】现在普遍存在的恐惧一直是我们大量地了解并控制了客观世界里某些危险因素的结果。

【难点】manipulation意为“控制,操纵”;perception意为“感知,察觉”;supplement 意为“增补物,补充物”;synthesis意为“综合,结合”。

16.A dictionary of the English language, ____by Dr. SamuelJohnson, was the first real attempt as a systematic writtensurvey of English usage.

A. compiled

B. composed

C. concocted

D. collected

17. The volunteer firefighters valiantly tried to put out the____forest fire.

A. raging

B. rippling

C. rolling

D. roaring

18. Education is ____ for all schoolage children in many a country.

A. universal

B. compulsory

C. requested

D. general

19. The policeman’s ____ mind caught the suspect’s lies.

A. alive

B. alert

C. experienced

D. imaginable

20. Over years, a balance is ____ among the plants and animals in a community and it remainsbasically stable.

A. worked out

B. worked off

C. worked over

D. worked up

试题答案与解析

16.A)

【句意】塞缪尔?约翰逊编的《英语字典》是对英语用法进行系统书面研究的第一次真正尝试。

【难点】compile意为“编辑,编纂”;compose意为“创作(音乐、文学作品);谱曲”;concoct意为“人为地制造,编造”;collect意为“收集;聚集”。

17.A)

【句意】消防志愿者们勇敢地努力去扑灭熊熊燃烧的森林大火。

【难点】raging意为“狂想的,狂暴的”;rippling意为“起涟漪的;波动的”;rolling 意为“起伏的,翻腾的”;roaring意为“吼叫的,轰鸣的”。

18.B)

【句意】在许多国家,教育对所有学龄儿童来说是义务性的。

【难点】compulsory意为“强制的,义务的”;universal意为“全体的;共同的,普遍

的”;request是动词,意为“要求”,general意为“一般的,普通的”。

19.B)

【句意】警察头脑机警,揭穿了嫌疑犯的谎言。

【难点】alert意为“警惕的;警觉的”;alive意为“活的;有活力的;“只能做表语;ex

perienced意为“有经验的,老练的”;imaginable意为“可想象的,想得到的”的,常与all,every,only连用。

20.D)

【句意】生物群落中的植物和动物从长时间角度看能保持平衡,这种平衡会基本上保持稳定。

【难点】work out意为“解决,计算出”;work off 意为“慢慢除去”;work over意为

“彻底检查,充分研究”;work up 意为“渐渐发展成,逐渐达到”。

Translate the following passage into Chinese.

The popular views about the government's ability andeffectiveness to sustain prosperity have shifted over time. Thereseems to be an increasing tolerance for unemployment andmoderate inflation. There is a detectable shift from anexaggerated view about the potency of so-called Keynesiantools to a far-reaching agnosticism about their ability to produce, in an uncertain world, a sustainedfull employment growth without intolerable price and balance-of-payments instabilities. At present,the opprobrium falls on policies which are blamed for retardation in the rates of economic activity,disharmonious growth, and the combined evils of slump and inflation, but which are erroneouslyidentified as Keynesian economics.

随着时间的推移,人们对政府在维持繁荣方面的能力和效率所持的观点已有所改变。对失业和适度的通货膨胀的忍耐性似乎也在增强。目前,对所谓凯恩斯理论的作用所作的过高估计已显而易见地为一种影响深远的不可知论所代替,人们怀疑这种理论是否能够在这个动荡不安的世界中使就业情况持续地、全面地好转,而不致引起物价的过度上升及支付平衡的波动。目前,谴责的矛头都指向政府各项政策。人们指责这些政策妨碍了经济的发展,引起了增长比例的失调,导致了滞胀(停滞和通货膨胀)交织症。然而,人们却将这些政策错误地同凯恩斯主义经济理论等同起来

1.Canada is the world’s ____country in terms of land area.

A. largest

B. second largest

C. third largest

D. fourth largest2 Which of the following people didn’t use to be the British PrimeMinister?

A Margaret Thatcher

B Winston Churchill

C Horatio Nelson DJohn Major3 By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed _____ by the Sovereign in the UnitedKingdom.

A Prime Minister

B Member of Parliament

C Lord of appeal

D Speaker of the House4 The Tories were the forerunners of _____, which still bears this nickname today.

A the Labour Party

B the Conservative Party

C the Liberal Party

D the Social Democratic Party5 In the United Kingdom, the party which wins the ____ number of seats in the House ofCommons becomes the official Opposition.

A largest

B second largest

C third largest

D fourth largest6 The term “British disease” is now often used to characterize Britain’s _____ decline.

A political

B educational

C military

D economic7 The 1980s was remembered as the decade of _____.

A globalization

B nationalization

C privatization

D competition8 Today, in Britain, ______ is called a “sick” industry.

A coal mining

B iron and steel

C textiles

D shipbuilding9The capital city of Canada is ____ A Montreal B Toronto C Albert D Ottawa10 _____ created the industrial working class, the proletariat, and it later led to trade unionism.

A The Chartist Movement

B The Industrial Revolution

C The French Revolution

D The Glorious Revolution

答案及题解:

1.B 加拿大位于美国以北,是世界上仅次于俄国的第二大国家。

2 C, 撒切尔夫人,丘吉尔和梅杰都曾经做过英国首相;而纳尔逊(1758-1805),英国海军统帅,因作战负伤,右眼失明,失去右臂。后任地中海舰队司令,在特法尔加角海战中大败西班牙联合舰队,本人受重伤阵亡,号称Viscount Nelson。

3 A, 在英国,按照传统,多数党的领导人由君主任命为首相,首相从本党内部挑选一些领导人担任各部部长职位。

4 B, 托利党是英国保守党的前身。

5 B, 在英国,在下议院中赢得第二席位的政党为反对党,它也有它自己的领导和影子内阁(shadow cabinet)。

6 D, 现在“英国病”这一术语经常用来指英国经济上的衰退。

7 C, 正如20世纪40年代被看作是国有化的时代一样,20世纪80年代被看作是私有化的时代。包括英国石油、航空、钢铁、电讯在内的几乎40% 的国有公司实现了私有化。

8 A, 英国煤矿业被称为生病工业。英国的煤产量在一战前达到顶点,如今的英国的煤矿业衰退,从而导致矿工的数量、煤矿的总产量大大下降。

9 .D加拿大首都是渥太华,位于安大略省东南部与魁北克省交界处,是加拿大的经济政治中心,同时也是加拿大的文化中心。

10 B, 工业革命产生了工人阶级,即无产阶级。后来形成了工会制度

1 _____ is the key to Industrial Revolution.

A Iron

B Cotton Textile

C Coal mining

D Steam engine

2 _____ became a literary current during the period of thesuccessful Industrial Revolution.

A Criticism

B Modernism

C Romanticism

D Renaissance

3 Modern football game began in _____.

A China

B France

C England

D Germany

4 _____ is the leader of the British government.

A Prime Minister

B Queen

C President

D Governor

5 The second largest city in England, _____ , is a metropolitan district and an industrial andmanufacturing city.

A Edinburgh

B Belfast

C Glasgow

D Birmingham

6 _____ introduced Christianity into Britain.

A The Celts

B The Romans

C The Viking Danes

D The French

7 The real power of the British government lies in _____.

A the House of Commons

B the cabinet headed by the Prime Minister

C the Prime Minister

D the Queen

8 In Britain, education is compulsory for children between the ages of _____ to _____.

A 5, 14

B 6, 17

C 5, 16

D 6, 14

9 The longest river in Britain is _____ , and the largest river in the USA is _____.

A the Seven River; the Missouri River

B the Thames River; the Missouri River

C the Severn River; the Mississippi

D the Thames River; the Ohio River

10 The general election in Britain is held every ____ years.

A four

B three

C six

D five

答案及题解:

1 B, 纺织业的改革是英国工业革命的主要成就之一。

2 C, 工业革命时期的主要文学流派是浪漫主义。

3 C, 现代的足球运动起源于英国。其正宗的老家在英格兰,19世纪兴起。

4 A, 英国的政体是君主立宪制。国王(女王)是国家元首,但政府的首领为首相。

5 D, 英国的第二大城市伯明翰位于英格兰中部平原,是国际化大都市,也是英国的工业和制造业中心。

6 B, 公元43年,罗马人占领英国,其后统治了400多年。基督徒就是在这一时期由罗马人传入英国的。

7 B, 君主立宪制下,国王的作用更侧重于其象征意义,而实权为内阁所有,内阁由首相率领。

8 C, 英国的教育体系中的义务教育阶段是5-16岁,这是每一位学生在学校学习的最低年限。

9 C, 英国最长的河是塞文河,全长355公里,美国最长的河是密西西比河,长4000公里左右。

10 D, 英国大选每5年举行一次。

1.Which of the following tribes first came to Britain?

A Roman

B Anglo-Saxons

C Jutes

D Celts

2.The Hundred Years’ War between Britain and France wasfought ____.

A from 1327 to 1453

B from 1337 to 1453

C from 1347 to 1453

D from 1357 to 1453

3.The Republic of Ireland became independent in the year ____

A 1918

B 1920

C 1945

D 1949

4.The English Civil War is also called ____

A the Puritan Revolution

B the second Magna Carta

C the Long Parliament

D the Anglican War

5.Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the ____ and the NorthSea in the east,

A east

B south

C west

D north

6.The largest lake in Britain is ____.

A. Loch Lomond

B the Lough Neagh

C Windermere

D Ullswater

7.Where do the majority of people in Scotland live?

A In the Highlands

B In the central Lowlands

C In the Uplands

D In the west of Scotland

8.The two important crops in Britain are ____

A barley and corn

B wheat and rice

C barley and oats

D wheat and barley

9 Which is the largest city in Scotland?

A Cardiff

B Edinburgh

C Glasgow

D Manchester

10 Which is the correct name to use to refer to Britain in a political way?

A Great Britain

B The British Isles

C The United Kingdom

D England

答案

1.D 凯尔特在公元前700年到英国,罗马人在公元1到5世纪统治英国,5世纪中期盎格鲁撒克逊人侵占英国,因此凯尔特人是最早踏入英国的。

3.D 爱尔兰共和国在1949年独立。

4.A 英国内战于1642年到1646年间发生,国王查尔斯与议会发生争执,实际上是国王与清教徒之间的矛盾引起的,结果议会胜利。

5.B 英国南面与法国隔着英吉利海峡。

6.B 英国最大的湖是内伊湖,最长的河流是塞文河。

7.B 苏格兰中低部适合人类生存,是苏格兰工业和人高度集中的地区。

8 D 小麦和大麦是英国最重要的庄稼。

9 C, 格拉斯格是苏格兰最大的城市和经济中心。

10 C, 提起英国,很多人会使用名字“Britain”,“England”或“British”,但这往往会惹恼苏格兰人,威尔士人以及北爱尔兰人。从政治角度来讲,“the United Kingdom of Great Britain and NorthernIreland”或“the United Kingdom/UK”是英国正确的叫法。“the British Isles”则是地理意义上的名字,包括Great Britain,the whole of Ireland (Northern and Southern),the Channel Islands andthe Isle of Man 这些岛屿。

1. urbanization 城市化

2. centralization 集中化

3. imbalance 不平衡

4. in the long run 从长远角度而言

5. infrastructure 基础设施

6. booming 繁荣发展的

7. tertiary industry 第三产业

8. tranquility 宁静

9. revenue 税收

10. commercialization 商业化

11. traffic congestion 交通拥挤

12. water scarcity 水短缺

13. the environmental pollution 环境污染

14. over-industrialization 过度工业化

15. over-crowdedness 过度拥挤

16. unemployment 失业

17. wealth distribution 财富分配

18. social instability 社会动荡

19. urban construction 城市建设

20. population explosion 人口激增

21. a rising crime rate 犯罪率上升

22. drain of energy and resources 能源和资源消耗

23. offer more job opportunities 提供更多的就业机会

24. a rapid pace of life 快节奏生活

25. stress-related illnesses 与压力有关的疾病

26. high cost of living 高额生活费用

27. pastoral life 田园生活

28. class polarization 阶级两极分化

29. social welfare 社会福利

30. give special care to …给予…特殊关照

31. urban sprawl 城市扩张

32. convenient transportation means 便捷的交通工具

33. better medical services 更好的医疗服务

34. pressure of modern life in city 城市生活压力

35. be vulnerable to …易于患上…

36. melting pot 熔炉

37. on the brink of …处于…边缘

38. pollutant 污染性物质

39. waste disposal 废物处理

40. put the blame on …归咎于…

41. be attributable to …归因为…

42. ways of consumption 消费方式

43. suffer heavy losses 遭受重大损失

44. citizen 居民

45. be confronted with…面临着…

46. breed crimes 滋生犯罪

47. vicious cycle 恶性循环

48. a feasible measure 一种可行的措施

49. give priority to …优先考虑…

50. city planners 城市规划者

51. endanger social stability and safety 危害社会稳定和安全

52. save resource 节省资源

53. flourishing 繁荣昌盛的

54. speed up 加速

55. relieve the pressure of…缓解…的压力

56. advocate the management of resources 倡导资源管理

57. benefit from 从中受益

58. put forward valuable suggestions 提出宝贵建议

59. play a major role in easing traffic 在缓解交通压力上扮演了重要角色

60. participate in the reconstruction of the city 参与城市重建

61. raise the environmental management level 提高环境管理水平

62. create a pleasant ecological environment 创造出一种和谐的生态环境

63. give priority to 优先关注

64. catch much attention 引起很大关注

65. resource allocation 资源配置

66. perfect the construction of urban infrastructure 完善城市基础设施建设

67. reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆

68. implement strict vehicle emission standards 制定严格的汽车排放标准

69. reduce waste 减少浪费

70. eliminate poverty and backwardness 消除贫穷与落后

71. prevent and control pollution 预防和控制污染

72. reinforce the conservation of water and soil 加强水土保护

73. keep ecological balance维护生态平衡

74. adopt environmental protection technique 采取环保技术

75. create a healthy cultural environment 创造出一种更加健康的文化氛围

76. strengthen the regulation and monitoring 加强监督和管理

77. enhance the governmental intrusion 加大政府干预性措施

78. promote legislative regulations 促进立法管理

79. establish and perfect the social security system 建立和完善社会的安全体系

80. give special care to 给某人或某物特别的关照

81. Map out (work out) a blueprint of …制定出…的发展蓝图

82. impose some restrictions on 对…实施限制

83. Increase the inputs in …加大对…的投入

84. arouse people’s awareness of 唤醒人们的…意识

85. take some preventive (remedial) measures 采取一些预防(补救)措施

86. enforce on-the-spot penalties 采取立即惩罚性措施

87. play the role of media 充分的发挥媒体的作用

88. take proper guidance and support 采取恰当的引导和支持

89. impose heavier penalty on 对…实施严格的惩罚

90. set down effective laws 制定积极有效的法律

91. urban planning 城市规划

92. Result in shortage of energy and natural resources 导致了能源和自然资源的短缺

93. Break the ecological balance 破坏了生态的平衡

94. Be harmful to our physical and mental health 对我们的身心健康有害

95. Contaminate the environment 污染环境

96. promote the sustainable development of the city 促进城市的可持续性发展

97. Greenhouse effect 温室效应

98. strengthen pollution control 加强污染控制

99. popularize environmental protection knowledge 普及环保知识

100. Burning 迫在眉睫的

每日一练——成语专项练习8月19日

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(完整word版)八年级下学期物理每日一练

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