ASME的无损检测Ⅱ级人员考题和答案(pt)
渗透II级基础理论试卷
PT Level II General Examination
姓名： 答卷时间： 地点：
Name Time Location
得分： 评卷人： 时间：
Marks Examiner Date
1. 选择液体渗透试验方法时，通常要考虑下面列出的哪些零件特性？( D )
A) 零件上可能发生的不连续性的类型和尺寸B) 零件的用途
C) 零件表面粗糙度D) 以上均需考虑
Which of the test part characteristics listed below are normally considered before the specific
liquid penetrant test method is selected?
A) the kind and size of discontinuities most likely to occur
B) the intended application for the part
C) the surface finish of the part
C) all of the above
2. 渗透剂的好坏是由下列哪一种物理性能单独决定的？( D )
A) 粘度B) 表面张力C) 润湿能力
D) 渗透剂的好坏不是由任何一种性能单独决定的
Which of the following physical properties, more than any other, determines what makes a
material a good penetrant?
A) viscosity B) surface tension C) wetting ability
D) no one single property determines if a material will or will not be a good penetrant.
3. 下列哪种性能对渗透剂渗入表面缺陷的速度影响最大？( C )
A) 密度B) 表面张力和润湿能力C) 粘度D) 相对重量
The speed with which a penetrant penetrates a surface flaw is influenced to the greatest extent by which of the following properties?
A) density B) surface tensin and wetting ability
C) viscosity D) relative weight
4. 下面关于汞弧型黑光灯操作的哪种说法是不正确的？( C )
A) 开灯后，需要预热５分钟，使灯泡达到最大输出
B) 如果电源电压降到90伏以下，黑光灯可能熄灭
C) 电源电压变化到120伏以上，对灯泡无影响或影响很小
D) 如果电弧因某种原因熄灭，在开关断开后，再次开启开关，灯泡不会立即亮
Which of the statements below concerning the operation of the black light bulbs of the mercury arc type is not true?
A) it takes about 5 minutes for the bulb to warm up to its full output when first turned on
B) the lamp may go out if the line voltage drops below 90 volts
C) line voltage variations above 120 volts will have little or no effect on the bulb
D) if for any reason the arc is extinguished, the bulb will not immediately respond if the lamp is
turned on right after it has been turned off
5. 下列哪种类型的缺陷不能用渗透检测方法发现？( B )
A) 表面分层B) 内部锻造裂纹C) 表面裂纹D) 表面折叠
Which of the following types of discontinuities will not be detected by the liquid penetrant test method?
A) surface laminations B) internal forging bursts C) surface cracks D) surface laps
6. “不相关显示”是用来描述某种类型的渗透试验显示的，下列哪种显示是典型的“不相关显示”？( A )
A) 由零件形状或零件结构引起的显示B) 非磁性显示
C) 多个显示D) 非线性显示
The term "non-relevant indication" is used to describe certain types of penetrant testing indications.
Which of the following would be a typical "non-relevant indication"?
A) indications due to part geometry or part design configuration
B) nonmagnetic indications C) multiple indications D) non-linear indications
7. 荧光渗透剂中的荧光材料对哪种波长的辐射能量最灵敏？( C )
A) 700?B) 250KV C) 3,650?D) 100英尺烛光
Fluorescent materials used in fluorescent penetrants respond most actively to radiant energy, of a wavelength of approximately:
A) 7,000 Angstroms B) 250KV C) 3,650 Angstroms D) 100 foot candles
8. 乳化时间( C )
A) 是很重要的，但通常不是关键的
B) 是从表面上去除乳化剂和多余的渗透剂所需要的时间
C) 是极端重要的，它对试验结果有很大影响
D) 在经济上许可的情况下，应尽量长
Emulsifier time:
A) is important but not normally critical
B) is the time needed to rinse the emulsifier and excess penetrant from the surface
C) is extremely important and will greatly affect test results
D) should be as long as economically all practical
9. 显像时间取决于：( D )
A) 使用的渗透剂类型B) 使用的显像剂类型和欲检测的不连续性的种类
C) 被检材料的温度D) 以上都是
Developing time depends on the:
A) type of penetrant used
B) type of developer used and type of discontinuity to be detected
C) temperature of the material being tested
D) all of the above
10.渗透试验中，选择渗透剂时通常要考虑下列哪些特性？( A )
A) 渗透剂的去除特性B) 渗透剂的闪点C) 渗透剂的价格D) 以上都是
Which of the following characteristics are normally considered when selecting the type of
penetrant to be used in a penetrant test?
A) removal characteristics of the penetrant B) the flash point of the penetrant
C) the cost of the penetrant D) all of the above
11.非水洗型渗透剂和可水洗型渗透剂之间的重要区别是：( A )
A) 可水洗型渗透剂含有乳化剂，非水洗型渗透剂不含有乳化剂
B) 两种渗透剂的粘度不同
C) 两种渗透剂的颜色不同
D) 非水洗型渗透剂比可水洗型渗透剂容易去除
An important difference between non-water-washable penetrants and water-washable penetrants is that:
A) water-washable penetrants contain an emulsifier, while non-water-washable penetrants do not
B) the viscosity of the two penetrants is different
C) the color of the two penetrants is different
D) non-water-washable penetrants are more easily removed than are water-washable penetrants
12.检查渗透材料系统综合性能的一种常用方法是：( C )
A) 确定渗透剂的粘度B) 测量渗透剂的润湿能力
C) 用人工裂纹试片的两部份进行比较D) 以上都是
A commonly-used method of checking on the overall performance of a penetrant material system
is by:
A) determining the viscosity of the penetrant
B) measuring the wetability of the penetrant
C) comparing two sections of artificially cracked specimens
D) all of the above
13.使用可水洗型渗透剂时，普遍公认的最重要的注意事项是：( C )
A) 保证零件得到充分的清洗B) 保证不超过推荐的接触时间
C) 避免过份地清洗D) 避免过份地乳化
Which of the following is generally accepted as the most important precaution when using
water-washable penetrants?
A) be sure that the part is washed thoroughly during the rinse operation
B) be sure the recommended dwell time is not exceeded
C) avoid over-rinsing the part
D) avoid over-application of emulsifier
14.在锻件中可能发现下列哪种缺陷？( B )
A) 疏松B) 折叠C) 冷隔D) 未焊透
Which of the following is a discontinuity that might be found in a forging?
A) shrinkage B) laps C) cold shuts D) insufficient penetration
15.下列哪条是荧光渗透剂优于着色渗透剂之处？( B )
A) 可在明亮的地方进行检验B) 小的显示容易看到
C) 在不能与水接触的情况下可以使用D) 对缺陷的污染不太灵敏
Which of the following is an advantage of fluorescent penetrants over visible type penetrants?
A) the inspection can be carried out in a well lighted area
B) small indications are more easily seen
C) they can be used where contact with water is objectionable
D) less sensitive to contamination of discontinuities
16.液体渗透剂渗入不连续中的趋向主要依赖于：( B )
A) 渗透剂的粘度B) 毛细作用力
C) 渗透剂的化学稳定性D) 渗透剂的比重
The tendency of a liquid penetrant to enter a discontinuity is primarily related to:
A) the viscosity of the penetrant B) the capillary for effort
C) the chemical stability of the penetrant D) the specific gravity of the penetrant
17.乳化剂用来：( C )
A) 将不连续性中的渗透剂洗出
B) 使用水或油溶性渗透剂时有助于清洗零件表面
C) 乳化油溶性渗透剂，使之能被水洗掉
D) 施加渗透剂前预清洗零件
The emulsiffier is used:
A) to wash the penetrant out of discontinuities
B) as an aid in washing off the surface of parts when using either the water or oil soluble penetrants
C) to emulsify the oil-soluble penetrant, thereby making it water washable
D) to preclean parts before applying penetrant
18.下面关于裂纹试片（试块）的说法中，哪种说法是不正确的？( A )
A) 使用试片是为了制定一个裂纹的标准尺寸，这种裂纹可根据需要复制
B) 使用试片是为了确定两种不同渗透液的相对灵敏度
C) 使用试片是为了确定渗透剂是否由于污染而丧失或降低了荧光亮度
D) 使用试片是为了确定从表面上去除渗透剂而不将裂纹中的渗透剂去除掉所需要的清洗程
度或清洗方法
Which one of the following statements is an incorrect use of crack panels (blocks)?
A) to establish a standard size of crack which can be reproduced as needed
B) to determine the relative sensitivities of two different penetrants
C) to determine if a penetrant has lost or has reduced brilliance on fluorescent penetrants because
of contamination
D) to determine the degree or method of cleaning necessary to remove penetrant on the surface
without removing it from the cracks
19.下列哪种缺陷不能用液体渗透检测方法发现？( D )
A) 锻造折叠B) 弧口裂纹C) 磨屑裂纹D) 内部非金属夹杂
Which of the following discontinuities would be impossible to detect using a liquid penetrant test?
A) forging lap B) crater crack
C) grinding cracks D) non-metallic internal inclusion
20.如果零件表面清理不当，下列哪些外来物可能堵塞缺陷的开口？( D )
A) 油漆B) 氧化皮C) 型芯或铸模材料D) 以上都是
Which of the following are typical of foreign matter which might block the openings of
discontinuities if the surface of a test specimen is not properly cleaned?
A) paint B) scale C) core and mold material D) all of the above
21.渗透检验时，零件表面的油脂不主张用下列哪种方法去除？( D )
A) 蒸汽除油B) 碱性清洗剂C) 用溶剂型材料清洗D) 热水冲洗
Which of the following is not a recommended method of removing grease from a surface of a part to be penetrant tested?
A) vapor degreasing B) alkaline cleaner
C) cleaning with solvent-type material D) hot water rinse
22.在轧制板材上可能发现下列哪种缺陷？( A )
A) 分层B) 疏松C) 未熔合D) 咬边
Which of the following discontinuities might be found in rolled plate?
A) laminations B) shrinkage C) lack of fusion D) undercut
23.下列哪种情况可能产生虚假的渗透剂显示？( D )
A) 过清洗B) 显像剂施加不当C) 渗透时渗透剂或零件温度太低D) 绒毛或脏物
Which of the following is a possible cause for false penetrant indications?
A) excessive washing
B) inadequate application of developers
C) penetrant or part too cold during penetration time
D) lint or dirt
24.经机加工的轻金属零件，渗透检测前去除可能堵塞不连续性的最好方法是：( A )
A) 酸洗B) 喷丸C) 碱清洗D) 用洗涤剂与水清洗
Prior to penetrant testing of a previously machined soft metal part, which of the cleaning methods listed below would best remove any smeared metal that could mask discontinuities?
A) etching B) shot peening C) alkaline D) water cleaning with detergents
25.下面哪一条是不主张使用刷涂方法施加乳化剂的最好理由？( A )
A) 刷涂方法使乳化剂和渗透剂过早地和不规则地混合，从而不能精确地控制乳化时间
B) 刷涂法有时不能完全涂复零件，刷不到的部份难于清洗
C) 刷子本身是无害的，但很多种刷子的材料会与乳化剂反应从而使渗透剂和零件污染
D) 刷涂法会在零件表面形成条纹显示
Which of the following is the best reason why the application of emulsifier by a brush is not
recommended?
A) the brushing action mixes the emulsifier with the penetrant prematurely and irregularly, making
accurate control of the emulsification time impossible.
B) brushing does not always completely coat the part, thereby leaving a portion of the part difficult
to wash.
C) brushing in itself is not harmful, but many types of brush materials combine with the emulsifier
agents resulting in penetrant and part contamination.
D) brushing results in a streaking appearance during inspection.
26.使用后乳化型荧光渗透剂时，乳化剂在零件上保留的时间是很关键的，最好的时间应是：( D )
A) 10秒B) 5秒C) 2~3秒D) 由实验确定
When using a fluorescent, post emulsifiable penetrant, the length of time the emulsifier is allowed to remain on the part is critical when detecting shallow scratch like discontinuities. The best
length of time should be:
A) 10 seconds B) 5 seconds C) 2 to 3 seconds D) determined by experimentation
27.用后乳化型渗透剂检查浅的不连续性时，乳化时间应长到：( A )
A) 仅使乳化剂与表面多余的渗透剂混合
B) 使乳化剂与表面上的和不连续性中的渗透剂混合
C) 使乳化剂与不连续性中的渗透剂混合
D) 使乳化剂变干成为一种白色粉末
When penetrant testing for shallow discontinuities using a post-emulsification penetrant, the emulsification time should be long enough to:
A) mix the emulsifier with the excess surface penetrant only
B) mix the emulsifier with all the penetrant on the surface and in discontinuities
C) mix the emulsifier with penetrant in the discontinuities
D) allow the emulsifier to dry out to a white powder
28.渗透检测时，下面哪种方法不是一种好方法？( D )
A) 将零件浸入乳化剂中施加乳化剂B) 将显像剂喷到零件上施加显像剂
C) 用水喷枪去除可水洗型渗透剂D) 用刷子施加乳化剂
Which of the following is not good practice when penetrant testing?
A) applying emulsifier by dipping the part in emuldifier
B) applying developer by spraying the part with developer
C) removal of water-washable penetrant with a water spray
D) applying emulsifier with a brush
29.下列方法中，哪种方法是渗透试验清洗零件的最有效的方法？( A )
A) 蒸汽除油B) 洗涤剂清洗C) 蒸汽清洗D) 溶剂擦洗
Of the methods listed below, the most effective means of precleaning a test item prior to a
penerant test is:
A) vapor degreasing B) detergent cleaning C) steam cleaning D) solvent wiping
30.为使渗透检验有效，确定润湿时间时应考虑下列哪种因素？( A )
A) 欲发现的不连续性的种类B) 零件形状C) 零件尺寸D) 表面粗糙度
Which factor would apply in determining the dwell time required for the penetrant to be effective?
A) type of discontinuity sought B) shape of part C) size of part D) surface roughness
31.施加干粉显像剂时( B )
A) 应使零件所有表面上覆盖一层厚显像剂
B) 应将显像剂轻轻地撒在被检零件表面上
C) 应用干燥的油漆刷刷涂
D) 应将零件浸入显像粉
Dry developer should be applied:
A) so that a heavy coat of developer covers all surfaces
B) so that a light dusting covers all surfaces to be inspected
C) with a dry paint brush
D) by dipping
32.当操作不当而使检验发生困难时，检验员应怎么办？( D )
A) 用溶剂擦零件B) 采用正确的办法使缺陷中的渗透剂回渗出来
C) 抹掉不相关的荧光D) 重新检验零件
When improper processing causes inspection difficulties, what should the inspector do?
A) swab parts with a solvent B) use a correct bleed-back procedure
C) erase non-relevant fluorescence D) reprocess the part
33.在没有书面的验收标准时，零件验收或拒收依赖于下列哪一条？( B )
A) 检验员的文化水平B) 零件的设计和用处
C) 合适的渗透标准件D) 渗透剂的选择
Rejection or acceptance of parts should be based on which of the following, in absence of written acceptance criteria?
A) the inspector's education B) the design of the part and its intended application
C) the appropriate penetrant standard D) the selection of the penetrant
34.为什么在清洗位置最好配备一个黑光灯？( C )
A) 使零件不用干燥就可进行检验B) 加速渗透剂渗出缺陷
C) 检查清洗效果D) 确定零件是否被渗透剂覆盖
Why is it advisable to have a black light installed at the wash station?
A) so that inspection can be done without dying parts
B) to speed the bleeding of penetrant out of defects
C) to check the effectiveness of the wash cycle
D) to determine if parts have been covered with penetrant
35.渗透检验时，花键、销钉、铆钉等下面会积存渗透剂残余物，这些残余物最可能引起的反应是：( A )
A) 由于残余物吸收潮气而引起腐蚀B) 漆层剥落
C) 疲劳裂纹D) 晶格结构破裂
Penetrant residues may become entrapped under spline, fasteners, rivets, etc. Which of the
following is the most likely reaction caused by such a residue?
A) corrosion caused by the moisture attracted by such residues
B) paint stripping
C) fatigue cracking
D) lattice structure breakdown
36.渗透检测时，零件表面上的圆形显示可能是：( B )
A) 疲劳裂纹B) 气孔C) 焊接折叠D) 热裂
When conducting a penetrant test, spherical indications on the surface of apart could be indicative of:
A) fatigue cracks B) porosity C) weld laps D) hot tears
37.锻造折叠的渗透剂显示通常是：( C )
A) 圆形的或近似圆形的显示B) 聚集的显示C) 连续的线条D) 断续的线条
The penetrant indication of a forging lap will normally be:
A) a round or nearly round indication B) a cluster of indications
C) a continuous line D) a dotted line
38.用下列哪种方法施加非水基显像剂一般认为是最有效的：( A )
A) 喷B) 擦C) 刷D) 浸
Which of the following methods for applying non-aqueous developer is normally considered most effective?
A) spraying B) swabbing C) brushing D) dipping
39.下列哪种零件不能用液体渗透法进行检验？( C )
A) 铸铁件B) 铝铸件C) 松孔性材料零件D) 非松孔性材料零件
Which of the following parts could not be tested by the liquid penetrant method?
A) An iron casting B) An aluminum forging
C) A part made from a porous material D) A part made from a non-porous material
40.下列哪一条不是适用于所有渗透检验方法的一项基本原则？( B )
A) 渗透剂必须渗入不连续性中以形成显示
B) 在黑光照射下，显示发光
C) 小缺陷需要较长的渗透时间
D) 如果将不连续性中的渗透剂清洗掉，便不会产生显示
Which of the following is not a basic inspection principle that applies to all penetrant methods?
A) The penetrant must enter the discontinuity in order to form an indication
B) Indications glow when illuminated with a black light
C) A longer penetration time is required for smaller discontinuities
D) if the penetrant is washed out of the discontinuity, an indication will not be formed by that
discontinuity