文档库 最新最全的文档下载
当前位置:文档库 › 英语文化陷阱系列【对四六级阅读理解很有帮助】

英语文化陷阱系列【对四六级阅读理解很有帮助】

英语文化陷阱系列【对四六级阅读理解很有帮助】
英语文化陷阱系列【对四六级阅读理解很有帮助】

英语文化陷阱系列

1.You have matches

最近我有一次机会登上一艘豪华游轮观光。一次, 我在酒吧台拿了两杯鸡尾酒回房间享受,途中遇到一位女士,她看看我后笑着说:?You have matches??我一愣,回答说:?很抱歉,我十五年前就戒烟了,所以没有火柴。?她立刻会意到我误解了她的意思,好像是有点抱歉地说:?It's a joke.?然后,我们就相互尴尬的笑了笑,走开了。

事后和朋友在吃晚饭的时候聊天,我趁机向一个美国朋友请教白天的那句话,他解释说:?因为她看你两手都占着,就故意开玩笑跟你要火柴,这是个非常普通的笑话,非但没有恶意,反而是想问你需不需要帮忙。?

(摘自《世界日报》)

2.Turn the table

一位亲戚和妻子失和到了要离婚的地步。几天前接到亲戚电话,说他们在走进律师楼之前,先去求助于心理和婚姻问题专家。夫妇俩心平气和地坐下来谈了好多次,互相之间多了一份理解,少了一份猜疑、埋怨,结果化干戈为玉帛。说简单也简单,就这么拯救了这场婚姻。

我打心眼里为他们高兴,把这一消息告诉了同样也认识他们的一位美国朋友。这位朋友挺激动的,连连说着"感谢上帝,感谢上帝",她还补充了一句"He turned the table"。

这话让我心里很不舒服,她是指我亲戚动粗吗?我打抱不平说:"不会,不会,他很斯文,很有绅士风度,不会以粗鲁的举动压制对方,不会以高压让对方屈从。"

结果,越说谁也听不懂谁。看着我那一脸不快的表情,朋友突然茅塞頓开了,以另一种方法向我解释。终于让我明白,她是说我亲戚"扭转了局面",那"table"和我想到的"桌子"根本无关。

再说远一点, turn the tables (on someone)这个短语也和"桌子'没什么关系, 它的意思是t o suddenly take a position of strength or advantage that was formerly held by someon

e else (反败为胜,转弱为强), 例如: "She played badly in the first set, but then she turne

d th

e tables on her opponent and won the match.

(摘自《世界日报》)

turn the tables on/upon sb.

除了?主客易地; 扭转形势; 转败为胜?外,还有?(与某人)互换座次?的意思

3. Wearing two hats

同事朋友聚会,少不了相互介绍。先生在向我介绍他的同事 Larry 时,说他可是个大忙人: ?He is wearing two hats.?我说,你开什么玩笑,他根本就没戴帽子。

Larry 一直以笑作答,倒是先生察言观色,知道我不懂,便帮我找台阶下。

原来,先生是指Larry在医院某一部门担任要职,除此之外,还有自己的生意,就是说 Larry 身兼两职,而不是真的戴了两顶帽子。

4. With a grain of salt

一天吃饭的时候,好友 Allen 和他的中国籍太太坐在餐桌旁大谈最近流行的一种草药,说它能包治百病。 Allen 说了一句:?I'd like to take it with a grain of salt?。他太太笑道:?你

以为它是蔬菜啊,还要加点盐再吃。健康专家可没有说过要加盐。?

Allen 愣了一下,然后大笑不已,解释道? T ake something with a grain of salt?是?对某事有保留、持怀疑态度?的意思。

原来刚才Allen 是说他对这种草药的神奇疗效表示怀疑,而不是说要?放些盐再吃?。

(摘自《世界日报》)

5.You are in for a treat!

这天,同事们正在讨论为我和 Rhonda 开生日 party的事情,为了尊重寿星,大家让Rhon da 和我选择一家中意的餐厅。Rhonda建议去鎮上一家叫做BBQ 的美国餐厅。我从来没有去过那里,于是就问她那里有什么特色。Rhonda便开始滔滔不绝的介绍他们的招牌菜,听得我十指大动,直咽口水,Rhonda便笑着说: "Y ou are in for a treat !"

我愣了一下,以为Rhonda要请我去那里吃饭,心里十分不好意思,试探着问过她之后,R honda 笑着解释说: "You are in for a treat means you'll like it !"

(摘自《世界日报》)

6. 筷子刀叉

朋友D说日前在某大酒楼饮茶,见邻桌有青年夫妇和大概是他们在外国结识的老太太一起饮茶。老太太对操作筷子很感兴趣,在那里学用chopsticks夹虾饺。D说他有个美国朋友,曾花了一些时间学习正确使用筷子的方法,每有机会就要表演一下,还说用筷子是一种艺术,是古老的中国文化的表现。

中国人吃饭用筷子,洋人进餐用刀叉。其实洋人从前没有knife and fork,用的是木片削成的叉。这种木叉从意大利经伊斯坦堡传到英国,是两刺的肉叉 (two-pronged fork)。在此之前,人们吃肉用手,因此对于改用肉叉有人说是?对赐人五指之神的侮辱。?

筷子又叫作?箸?,据说由于箸与住同音。住有停止之意。航船忌停,江苏一带行船的人们改称箸为?筷儿?。筷音同快,不住而快,一帆风顺矣。日语中筷作箸,但读作hashi,和作桥解的hashi相同,似乎和行船有点关系。日谚有?只会拿着筷子吃?指?茶来伸手,饭来张口。?中餐桌上每人有一份箸匙 (zhuchi),一双筷子一把汤匙,也许就没有knife and f ork那么杀气腾腾了吧?

(摘自《联合早报》)

7. Skeleton in the closet

一天朋友谈及一则大爆?名人?家丑的八卦新闻,说那些家族中人以搬弄?skeleton in t he closet?为乐事,难道这些名人家的壁橱中真的有骷髅?

他说的?skeleton in the closet?(英国人则习惯说成skeleton in the cupboard)现在的意义并没有那么可怕。不过据说当年这个习语产生的时候的确指那些有钱人家谋杀了一个人,把骸骨暗藏在壁橱中,不让外人知道,从此 skeleton in the closet 就成了那家人的秘密,后来这个短语用来指不可或不愿外扬的家丑,简称作family skeleton。例如: Many ol d families have a number of skeletons in their closets which they are loath to discuss(许多古老的家族中有很多秘密,他们不愿谈及这些话题。)

(摘自《联合早报》)(NEC里有这一课的对吧呵呵)

8. Skin off one's nose

Joe很热心公益,每周固定有一天去做义工。在他的影响下,我也参加了几次。有一次跟他提起如果能到附近的剧院做义工的话,也许会比较有趣。有一天他拿了一份报纸,上面就有剧院要找义工的消息,我打算下班后过去看看,可是不巧碰上那天身体不舒服,下了班躺在床上就不想动了。

第二天碰到Joe,问我有没有去,我把实情跟他解释。他听完后说: "No skin off my no se." 我不懂,只好怔怔地望着他,心想,他大概以为我是"叶公好龙"吧。

回家查了俚语词典,才知道skin off one's nose是与某人有关的意思。Joe是在说我去不去其实"不关他的事",他只是顺便问一下罢了。

注:no skin off sb.'s nose 也可说成 no skin off sb.'s teeth

(摘自《世界日报》)

9. Small beer

Small beer是?小啤酒?的意思吗?难道啤酒还分大小?其实,在英国small beer指的是口味比较淡啤酒,但是在美语中则是?少量啤酒?的意思。比如说夏天有客人来访,问他要喝些什么:Anything to drink?客人就可能回答说:?I'll have a small beer(给我一点儿啤酒。)?

比喻用法中说的small beer,指规模或者格局不大的事物。自以为了不起,不是小人物的人:He thinks no small beer of himself. Be small beer常用作与人比较的表现。

口语中常用small beer作形容词,因此开快餐店的朋友可以说:Ours is a small-beer fas t-food joint beside McDonald.

(摘自《联合早报》)

10. Spaghetti

朋友S说,意大利面食pasta,除实心粉spaghetti外,还有通心粉macaroni,宽面条l asagna,有肉馅做小方块形的意大利馄饨(云吞)ravioli,细长面条tagliatelle以及细线状的细面vermicelli(我们将?粉丝?译作vermicelli,原是意大利细面借之名)。

意大利是欧洲第一个吃面食的国家。十三世纪时马可波罗从中国传去制面食方法后,大受欢迎,特别是实心意粉spaghetti,以其容易烹调,可以配上各种佐料,很快就风行全国。不过那时没有刀叉可用,因此吃的都是无汤汁的实心意粉,便于用手抓送入口。现在的肉汁意粉(spaghetti with meat sauce),是后来才出现的吃法。当然,马可波罗当年在中国也吃过我们的牛肉汤面或者排骨汤面。但是有汤的spaghetti乃至以之作汤的spaghetti soup,全是后来出现的意粉吃法。

Spaghetti一词源于意大利语spago,意思是一条线。一条意粉是spaghetto,通常用复数的spaghetti。意粉一碟,面条杂乱,因此车辆往来多,交通混乱的街口称为 spaghetti j unction。

(摘自《联合早报》)

hongkong补充:

再來一客意粉

Spaghetti codes = 寫得很難看得懂、因此很難維護的程式碼,通常是指用了goto等迴轉指令的非結構性編寫法的程式碼.

Spaghetti program = 含spaghetti codes/寫得亂七八糟的程式

Spaghetti squash = 魚翅瓜

(瓜肉成條狀,香港人覺得它像魚翅,老外覺得它像意粉)

Spaghetti western = 在意大利(或西班牙)拍攝的低成本美國西部牛仔電影

(因為Italian 愛吃spaghetti 之故嘛. 日本人愛吃蘿蔔,人又矮胖,廣東人戲稱他們為蘿蔔頭.東洋商品如果有帶太重日本式的設計,香港人會說它們?有蘿蔔味?.皆異曲同工)

Spaghetti strap = 女裝衣服的吊帶(哭女所穿的性感上衣就是一件?spaghetti strap top?)

spaghetti Bolognese n. 意大利番茄牛肉面

spaghetti junction 复式的公路交叉口

11. Speaking of the devil

几个同学聚到一起聊天,大家都到齐了,唯独不见Wayne。其中一个说"今天好象没见到Wayne",另一个接着说"他的女儿放暑假,东西要从宿舍里搬出来,他大概帮忙去了"。正说着,只见Wayne从外面走过来。Joe于是说"speaking of the devil"。几个人乐了起来。我心想Wayne 这个人平常挺老实的,为什么说他是devil呢?于是我悄悄地去问Joe。

原来"speaking of the devil"是一条成语,相当于中文的"说曹操,曹操到"。也就是刚说Wayne 不在,结果他就来了。我不禁惊诧于语言的共通性,因为曹操不是也有"奸雄"的称号吗?中英文在这一成语上有着这样惊人的异曲同工之处。

Speak of the devil, and he appears. 说到曹操,曹操就到

与这句相参照:To mention the wolf's name is to see the same.

12. Stolen from ... dealer

高速公路上人车奔驰,朋友突然指着前方一部小轿车,说:"哇!这人好嚣张,贼车还敢挂上招牌!"

我顺着他的目光看过去,不禁哑然失笑,我说:"先生呀!人家车牌上写着'stolen from … D ealer',是指他这部从… Dealer那儿买来的车,价格低廉,便宜得像偷来得一样。"

这是一种美式幽默广告手法,吸引顾客去… Dealer那儿买车,不是贼车啦。

(摘自《世界日报》)

13. Sweet tooth

我最害怕看牙医,但是因为有一颗蛀牙让我实在疼痛难忍,所以只好鼓足勇气,到牙医

诊所挂号。当医生为我检查的时候,他问我:?Do you have a sweet tooth??我很无辜的回答:?I had a doughnut this morning before coming here. I brushed my teeth. There is no s weet tooth.?他听了后摇摇头,便开始替我补牙。

很敏感的我,知道可能答非所问,闹了笑话,但是却百思不解。我懂 Sweet 及 Tooth 这两个单字,但把这两个字放在一起合用,我就不知道意思了。回家查了字典后,我才恍然大悟,原来sweet tooth的意思是?爱吃甜食?。

(摘自《世界日报》姜若美)

14. The Hong Kong dog

一次在一堂电脑课上,铃响后,系里的女秘书突然跑到教室来宣布:?Dr. Walker has a t ouch of the Hong Kong dog and will be here a little bit late.?

听完宣布后,我一脸正经的向坐在隔壁的美国朋友抱怨说:?Dr. Walker 怎么可以抚弄他的爱犬以至于来不及上课呢??

老美听完后居然大笑着说:?真是太好笑了!The Hong Kong dog 并非指一种狗,而是指某人吃坏了肚子、拉肚子的意思。?这一解释让我尴尬得无地自容。

(摘自《世界日报》)

"Hong Kong dog" 原本是 "Traveller's diarrhoea" (因不服水土引起)的拉肚子,但也有用作指一般因吃了不潔東西而引起的症候.叫做"hong kong dog" 明顯是西方國家對亞洲地區的衛生程況的固有印象.(而香港是以前較多人認識的地名)

說這詞儿有趣還可以,但算不上是有用,因為連native speakers 也不是每個都聽過.

"Traveller's diarrhoea"還有無數其他別名,都離不開和殖民地或發展中國家的地名:

"Aden Gut, Basra Belly, Aztec two step, Hong Kong dog, Montezuma's Revenge, Delhi bell y. . . there is an almost endless list of names used to describe the condition referred to a s travellers' diarrhoea."

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ec15346616.html,/exemplarchem/entries/2002/Garner/what_is_diarrhea.htm 15. Throw the book at Somebody

和先生从car wash(洗车场)里开出来,车上的水珠还依稀可见,这让先生想起一件事:曾经有一个美国人在高速公路上超速开车,时速达100多英里。警察当然把他截下来。在法庭上,他辩解之所以开快车,是因为想让风尽快把刚刚洗过的车吹干。我听了好笑,更好奇结果如何。

先生答曰:结果是"They threw the book at him"。我不禁诧异,想像着他被"砸书"的样子。原来并非如此,"Throw the book at somebody"是指给某人最大极限的惩罚:charge s omeone to the full range of law。如果法律是一本书,那么这本书中所有被违犯了的条例,他都将为之遭受最严重的惩罚。

(摘自《世界日报》)

16. Tighten your belt

刚刚才发薪水,有人提议这个周末大家一起上馆子打打牙祭。我因为想要减肥,好穿新近买的一条短裙,推辞说: "No, I don't think I can make it. I want to tighten my belt."

后来,Mary悄悄地问我:?如果你最近手头不方便的话,我能帮你什么忙吗??

不会啊,不是早晨才发了薪水吗?我被她问得一头雾水,解释半天才弄明白。原来, "ti ghten my belt" 是指经济拮据,必须节衣缩食度日。例如: "The harvest was bad last year, w e all had to tighten our belts."

(摘自《世界日报》)

17. Whipping boy

大家可能对?scapegoat?的意思非常熟悉,但是对?whipping boy ?可能并不熟悉,实际上二者的意思非常接近。

Whipping boy 的比喻义就是?充当替罪羊的人或物,代人受过?。这个短语在实际中用途颇多。如:"[There is no] one 'right' way to teach reading....To support phonics instructio n and make the advocates of 'whole language' the whipping boy does a disservice to ou

r schools and teachers" (摘自1997年《时代周刊》);

又如:"Building 31 also is not immune from the siege mentality that generally can mark M icrosoft. 'We're very much a whipping boy in the academic community'"

(摘自1999年《华盛顿邮报》).

不过追溯这个短语的起源,我们可以发现它的比喻义和最初的本意有着很打的联系。它最初的意思是一些代年轻的王子(王子做错了什么事的话,他是伙伴要挨打)或贵族受过的男孩。这听起来与中国封建社会的王孙公子的伴读书童非常相似。

不过,并不是任何人都可以当whipping boy的,只有那些本来社会地位就不低、受过教育的、并且是贵族成员的亲密伙伴的人才有资格做whipping boy 。

17世纪,whipping boy 的用法只限于它的本意,在接下来的时间里,除非在历史文献里,这个意思已经没有人在用了。而其作为?充当替罪羊的人或物,代人受过?比喻义的用法在19世纪开始被广泛使用。

转自中国翻译网

18. With bells on

周末准备开个Party,给朋友们发了请柬,收到的回信大都写着:"I would be there with bell s on." 这一句话弄的我不知道他们是来还是不来,是不是都要送我一个铃铛(bell)。

With bells on 最普通的用法是用于非正式场合,意思是渴望做某事,准备玩个痛快(early; r eady to enjoy oneself)。

如果请柬的回信上写着I'll be there with bells on,那么回信的人不仅仅是期盼着某一场合(通常是聚会)的到来,同时还要为活动助兴,贡献自己的节目,让大家感到尽兴。

With bells on的用法是非常有局限性的。多数情况下它的用法已经固定化、格式化,可以说已经成为社会礼仪用法的一部分,并被广泛应用于回复喜庆活动的邀请。使用这个短语意在向主人保证被应邀人届时肯定会到场并确信活动会搞得气氛热烈。而且with bells on 前面也一定会加上一句"I will be there"或者"I would be there"。

如果你是被邀请去看电影,那么千万别用being there with bells on做回复语;如果你收到哈佛大学的录取通知书,你也千万别回复他们"I will be there in September with bells on ", 否则,一切都要被你给搅浑了。

当然了,这个句子并不是永远都是由七个单词组成。F. Scott Fitzgerald在他的作品Beautif ul & Damned(1922)里使用这个句子时,就把短语最后面的介词给拿掉了。他在这样写到:"All-ll-ll righty. I'll be there with bells"。

人们大多认为这个短语的起源和喜庆活动中使用铃铛有关系(手指、脚指上挂满铃铛最能营造节日气氛)。也有人认为这和活跃气氛的小丑帽子上一个个像小铃铛一样的装饰品很有关系。

转自中国翻译网

19. Sleep tight

当我把三岁的女儿抱到床上,对她说:"Sleep tight"的时候,她却反问我:"妈妈,'Sleep tigh t'是什么意思?是不是我的被子得盖得严严(tight)的?"

其实不然,sleep tight是指睡的好,睡的香。

一位威斯彻斯特县(Westchester County)的导游曾介绍这个短语的来源,他说"Sleep tight"是指过去人们床板上的鬃绳,稻草的垫子就铺在纵横交错的鬃绳上,鬃绳起到弹簧的作用。这些鬃绳要定期的进行绷紧,睡着才舒服,否则鬃绳则变的松松垮垮,很不舒服。

很多网站也都引用了这种说法。也有的说法说Sleep tight 的来历和海军有直接关系。因为海军用的吊床只有把绳子勒紧时才会睡得舒服。

按照牛津字典的解释,副词tightly在17世纪晚期的意思是soundly, properly或well。莎士比亚《温莎的风流娘儿们》(The Merry Wives of Windsor)有这样的句子"Hold Sirha, bea re you these letters tightly." 18世纪晚期tight有soundly(熟睡的), roundly(完全的)的意思。1898玛丽-阿奈特-冯-阿尼姆在她的《伊莉莎白和她的德国花园》(Elizabeth and Her G erman Garden)里写"She had been so tight asleep."

有一段民间儿童诗歌,其中tight的意思就是soundly。诗歌创作的具体时间无从考证,不过诗歌最后两行明显透露着维多利亚时代的文风。

Good night, sleep tight,

Wake up bright

In the morning light

To do what's right

With all your might.

大多数美国儿童可能对下面这段形成于19世纪的儿歌更为熟悉:"Good night, sleep tigh t. Don't let the bed bugs bite."

20. Shoestring

Shoestring(鞋带),如果有人对你说: "I started my business on a shoestring",你可别认为他是卖鞋带起家的。

"To do business or to operate on a shoestring" 是说"用极少的本钱开始做生意",所以上面那句话的意思是"我开始创业时只有极少的资金。"

如果用"on a shoestring"来形容一个人的经济状况,那这个人的日子肯定过得"上顿不接下顿"(liv ing hand to mouth) ,也就是说这个人离破产不远了。

Shoestring(鞋带)为什么会有这些意思,是因为鞋带都很细而且不结实?

我们现在很难确定shoestring成为"钱少得可怜"的代名词到底起源于何处。Christine Amm er 在《美国习语词典》(The American Heritage Dictionary of Idioms)提出了这样一种有趣的设想:在英国,被关进监狱的负债人,把两根鞋带接起来栓到一只鞋子上,把这只鞋子从窗口塞出去,悬挂在监狱的外墙上,希望籍此得到窗外偶尔路过的行人施舍的钱财。这种说法听起来很有创意,实际上不过是一则毫无根据的想象而已。

认为鞋带本身细而不坚实的特征是使shoestring让人联想到"小额资金"的说法也许还比较有说服力。鞋带的细长(slender shoestring)正好和资金的微薄(slender resources)在英语中是一个词。说了半天问题还是没有解决;为什么要选择"鞋带"作为"贫困"的象征?

虽说找不到完全确定的答案,不过我们可以从19世纪后期美国人的著作当中寻得一些蛛丝马迹。我们知道,一副鞋带万一有一条坏了的话,另外一条可以保留下来捆绑点小东西什么的。作家们发现用"鞋带"来表达确确实实存在、作用和价值又非常有限的事物是再合适不过了。1859年7月份的《亚特兰大月刊》上有这样一句引语:

"If, now, I had in my possession even an old shoestring that had ever been his, I woul

d beg you to return it to him, and find out for m

e where I can go never to see him"

又如:"Those who have all their lives been in the habit of depending upon sight for every thing, from the study of philosophy and the Scriptures to the tying of a shoestring, canno t seem to understand that hearing and touch may with practice be made to serve nearl y all purposes about as well, and some very much better" (摘自The Century收录的一篇写于1887年关于盲人教育的文章)。

撇开shoestring起源的种种说法不说,自19世纪90年代早期,shoestring一出现就使人联想到"资金的匮乏",尤其是指那些在非常小的赌金上下赌注的赌徒,他们被称为shoestring g

amblers。《牛津英语词典》在1904年对这种用法专门做了一个词条,并收录了下面的例句:" He...speculated 'on a shoe-string'--an exceedingly slim margin"。从此以后,这个词条一直很有生命力。现在,on a shoestring 和shoestring应用的语言环境非常的宽松,如:"globetrotting(环球旅行)on a shoestring" ,广告中出现的"Adventures on a Shoestring" 。在这些用法当中,shoestring的意思显然没有"赤贫、贫困"的意思,这里所说的shoestring 是指量力而行的省钱的安排。

转自中国翻译网

21. After one's own heart

在英语中,以heart组成的短语数量很大,而且在日常生活中使用得也极为广泛。例如人人熟知的lose heart。

这些短语在长期的使用过程中,意义上产生了一些变化。有些变化已经同其字面意义相去较远了。在科学不发达的年代里,人们一直认为心脏是人们用来思考事物的器官,所以经常用?心?一词组成一些与表示人的思想情绪有关的词语。

after one's own heart这条短语表示的英文含义是:well liked because of agreeing with yo ur

own feelings, interests and ideas,汉语中的?情义相投?之类的说法便是该短语的对应词语。但在翻译时,还应根据具体的上下文选择恰当的用语。该短语是一条形容词短语,通常放在名词后面作后臵定语。

We both like football; he is a man after my own heart.

我们两人都喜欢足球,是情投意合的好朋友。

Susan worked with Smith in the same office. She admired him as the man after her ow

n heart.

苏珊过去同史密斯在同一办公室工作。她把史密斯看作知己。

Tom is working as a postman. That outdoor job is the one after his own heart.

汤姆的工作是邮递员。这份户外工作正中他的下怀。

在以上三个例句中,这一短语表示的意义相同。但该短语还可表示下面的含义:

I am reading a book after my own heart. I can't put it down.

我正在读一本我喜欢的书。我简直放不下这本书啦。

转自中国翻译网

22. At the drop of a hat

He was quarrelsome and ready to fight at the drop of a hat.

读过上面这句话之后,你如果理解为?他这人爰好吵架,帽子掉到地上就会同人争吵。?那可就同句子的实际意义相去甚远,甚至可说是南辕北辙了。

中世纪,在欧洲社会中,流行着决斗的风气。一些骑士或武士们为了自己的心上人,往往采取决斗的方式。如俄国的大诗人普希金就死于决斗之中。这些人们在决斗之前,往往把帽子狠狠地往地下一摔,这就意味着决斗马上就开始了。这一习俗不仅在决斗中,在其它场合也意味着坏事立即就要发生了。

时过境迁,决斗这一现象已成为历史的过去。然而at the drop of a hat这一短语却流传下来,而且保留了?立即,马上?这一意义。其英语的意义是:without waiting, immediatel y。

If you need a babysitter quickly, call Mary, because she can come at the drop of a ha t.

如果你急需保姆,给玛莉打电话吧,因为她召之即来。

Don't mention basketball to Tom. He would go and play at the drop of a hat.

别对汤姆提起篮球,他只要听到这两个字,马上就会直奔篮球场。

The soldiers are ready to go to the battlefield at the drop of a hat.

这句话表示的含义同以上两句的意义不同,请注意译法:

这些士兵随时准备奔赴战场。

At the drop of a hat, he would tell the story of the road he wanted to build.

他抓紧一切机会向他遇到的人宣布他的修路计划。

转自中国翻译网

23. Indian Summer

"秋老虎"、"小阳春",都是中文里特殊的表达方式,那么如何用英文来表达"深秋季节的一段暖和天气"呢?其实英文中有个与之相对应的短语,"India Summer"。

"Indian Summer"指秋天的一段暖和、干燥的天气,往往出现在9月下旬、10月和11月,有时候也会出现在8月或12月,爱伦-坡曾把它称作 "strange interregnum occurring in au tumn" 。

"Indian Summer"中的"Indian"绝对不是指印度,而是指美洲的土著民族印第安人,因为这样的天气出现在美国东海岸中部各州,北到新英格兰,西至大平原。这种天气往往伴随着灾难性的大雾。

"Indian Summer"首次出现在1778年一位法国籍美国人的书中,他在描写殖民地的农场中写道, "Then a severe frost succeeds which prepares [the earth] to receive the volumino us coat of snow which is soon follow; though it is often preceded by a short interval of s moke and mildness, called the Indian Summer."

那么他为什么会在文章中提到 "smoke"一词呢?一种说法认为印第安人为了在冬天来临之前用火烧的方法把躲藏起来的猎物驱逐出洞,或者是用火将耕地上的杂草烧尽以便第二年春耕,所以才有了"smoke"一词。爱伦〃坡在他的A Tale of Ragged Mountains,也提到"smo ke"一词("the thick and peculiar mist, or smoke, which distinguishes the Indian Summer "), 增加了这一说法的可信度。

菲利普〃多德里奇在他的Note on the Indian War in West Virginia (1842) 对"smoke"一词提供了另一种说法。他写道,"烟雾笼罩的日子开始了,它将要持续一段时间。这样的天气被称为Indian Summer,因为这段小阳春的天气为印第安人去骚扰移民地区的人们提供了机会。"("The smokey time commenced and lasted for a considerable number of days. Thi s was the Indian summer, because it afforded the Indians another opportunity of visitin g the settlements with their destructive warfare.")因为印第安人在天凉以后就不再向移民地区发起突袭,除了有这样一段暖和的天气。那么"smoke"就是印第安人焚烧村庄和房屋的结果。

这些说法到底哪个正确,还是得由您自己作出选择,因为这些都是民间的说法。

在英国,人们也开始用"Indian Summer"来代替 "St. Luke's little summer", "St. Martin's su mmer", "All Hallows summer"表示"秋老虎"、"小阳春"这个意思。如 "An Indian summer i n the West Country brought peak holiday traffic jams in Devon yesterday" (Sunday Time s, September 16, 1962).

转自中国翻译网

24. Put somebody to sleep

我去洗衣服的时候,通常会路过隔壁德国老太太的门口,她开门出来打招呼。她由于单身一个人,非常孤独,看见我女儿会"Honey(宝贝)长,Honey短的"。一个周日的晚上,她见到我, 便问:"Where is your little girl? I did not see her today." 我答说:"Oh, I just put he r to sleep."她听罢,突然惊叫起来,"Ashley(我的名字),What did you say?"

不等她说完,我立即意识到我说了一句天大的错话。我马上补充说:"I am sorry. I mea n that I just put her to bed."(我的意思是我刚哄她入睡了)。

英语中"put somebody to sleep"是指终止某人生命,是一种委婉的表达,也可以用作"(为动手术而用麻醉剂)使人失去知觉"的意思。常听老美说:"Oh, I had to put my dog to slee p. He suffered too much from his sickness"(我只好让我的狗安息,它饱受病痛的折磨!)

(摘自《世界日报》)

25. Put the cart before a horse

一天,我到邻居老外家串门,见到他们全家正在听一个正在上初中的孩子讲故事。这个孩子说老师出了一道題:世界上到底先有鸡还是先有蛋。班里同学对这个问题展开了热烈的辩论,两种观点相持不下。孩子的爸爸问他:?那么你认为答案应该是什么呢??孩子回答说:?先有蛋。?可是爸爸不同意。于是爷俩争了起来。孩子的爸爸好像有些着急,说了一句:?You put the cart before a horse.?

我听了很纳闷,明明在讨论鸡与蛋的问题,怎么会扯到车与马上去呢?于是我不禁偷偷问这个孩子说:?你爸爸说的是什么意思??孩子解释说,他爸爸的意思是说他把事情搞颠倒了。我恍然大悟,仔细想想,马拉车,车应该在马后边,而不能把它放在马之前嘛。如果这句话翻译成一个中国成语应该就是?顛倒是非?或?本末倒臵?吧。

(摘自《世界日报》)

26. Rain on my parade

午餐时间,我们大家正兴高采烈计划周末一块儿出去玩。有人问起要不要邀请隔壁部门的某某小姐,曾经和她同一个单位的 Sally马上高声反对: ?No, I won't invite her. She alw ays likes to rain on my parade.?

在大家还来不及开口之时,刚从楼下买便当上来的 Jill没头没脑地接着说: ?外面没有在下雨,也没有游行呀!? Sally 拍了一下 Jill, 才向她解释: ?我是说,以前每次提议出去玩,她都会找出一大堆理由来阻挠我们成行,非常扫兴!还是不要约她,省得自讨没趣。?

(摘自《世界日报》)

27. Rocking the cradle

同事一伙人开车去吃午飯,男士们开一辆车,女士们坐另一辆车跟在后面。后面车里的女人自然议论到前车上的男人们,说他们喜欢打球,喜欢吃 Pizza,凯瑟琳说了一句?One o f them is rocking the cradle.?车上的人听后大笑起来。我没有理解她的意思,于是问她们说:?could you explain for me??这下她们更乐了,不过还是向我解释了这句话的意思。

原来?rocking the cradle?的本意是指摇动摇篮,引伸为指两个年龄相差很大的人在一起,这就和俚语中的另一个词语?May-December?很接近。也就是说她们认为,前面车里的一位男士和他的女伴,在年龄上相差很悬殊。

(摘自《世界日报》)

28. Root beer

退休的刘教授同几位友人去 Town Hall Buffet 用餐,这是一家自助餐馆。席间,他兴高采烈地端来一杯饮料,说:"这里还有啤酒呢!"说罢一饮而尽。"咦,怎么是甜的,一点啤酒的味道也没有?"

别人听了以后,无不捧腹大笑。刘公见状颇为纳闷,不知就里。后有一人问道:"你刚才倒的不是 root beer吗?" 他才醒悟过来。

draught beer 是生啤,black beer 是黑啤,light beer 是淡啤,而 root beer 则与啤酒无关,是一种由植物根部酿造的可乐一类的饮料。

(摘自《世界日报》)

29. Run your stockings

早上才刚进办公室,隔壁桌的Toni就悄悄地对我说:?You ran your stockings.?穿着丝袜跑步?没有呀!于是我回答她说:?No! I did not run with my stockings.? Toni愣了一会儿,才大笑着解释,她是指我的丝袜破了,并不是说我去跑步。

(摘自《世界日报》)

30. Say uncle!

朋友T有一次讲他叔父儿时在上海读书时的故事,他说他叔父那时身健力壮,喜欢打架,在同学中号称?大亨?。凡是看不顺眼的同学,叔父一定要和他较量,把人家压倒在地上,命令人家?叫声爷叔!?。被压倒的同学叫过一声?爷叔?后,叔父就会放他起身,握手成为朋友。T说上海黑帮中的?大哥?,有?爷叔?之称,而?叫声爷叔?则是表示投降之意。

这个?叫声爷叔!?正是英语中的:Say uncle!相当于:Surrender!英语中之 Say uncl e,以其叫喊之程度不同而作 Cry uncle,Yell uncle 以及Scream uncle-——叫喊,大喊和尖声叫喊。Say uncle在上个世纪初在美国开始流行, T说不知是否由沪语转成。语言学家芬克(Charles Earle Funk)认为可能源于拉丁语。他说罗马时代儿童遇到困难时喊叫:Patru e mi Patruissime。(Uncle, my best of uncles.)可能是 Say uncle 的来源。

1992年克林顿竞选总统时的助手卡维尔(James Carville)谈到当时的老布什总统时说:He didn't yell uncle; he screamed it,就是说布什宣布?投降?也。形势不利,还是叫声爷叔的好。

(摘自《联合早报》)

31. She is under the weather

这天同事 Leslie没来上班, 另一个同事告诉我: ?She is under the weather.?我一时没能听懂,同事又重复了一遍,外加,?She is not feeling well.?我不假思索地说: ?噢,她有关节炎??

同事看看我,说?我不太清楚。?这下我可糊涂了,明明是他告诉我的,怎么又说不清楚呢?待我晚上打电话给Leslie表示问候,提到白天的疑惑时,Leslie这才向我解释说, S he is under the weather 是说她身体欠佳,可是和天气无关。

(摘自《世界日报》)

32. She’s a has been?

一次,我和朋友乔治等人一起看电视,节目中一位风韵犹存的好莱坞女演员正在接受采访。乔治问我知不知道这个女演员,我回答说不知道。于是,乔治嘴里嘟囔了一句,听上去好像是: ?She's a husband.?

我听了觉得很奇怪,就试探着问: ?难道她是个女同性恋??乔治看了我一眼,说: ?为什么这么问??我说: ?刚才你不是说she’s a husband??乔治哈哈大笑,把他的话重复了一遍?She is a has been.?然后向我解释说,这句话的意思是说这位女演员已经过气了,不红了,所以也就是?已经成为过去式了?, 可是跟?老公?一点关系都没有。

(摘自《世界日报》)

33. Shoot from the hip

刚刚跳槽来到一个新的公司,对什么都不熟悉。午饭时,热情的Isabella向我介绍办公室里其他几个同事的情况。当她说到老板Robert时,她说他是个什么都 "Shoot from the h ip"的人。

听后我着实一惊,不明就理,难道他还随身携带武器不成?

后来才搞明白,这是形容一个人做事干脆利落,连想也不想,说干就干,原来如此!(金山里却是?鲁莽做事?的意思)

(摘自《世界日报》)

luodean:

get the lead out 迅速的作某事,不拖拖拉拉。

解说,这是典型的美国习语,也可以说成get the lead out of one's pants,

lead在这里是指铅,发音为/led/,把屁股上的铅拿掉,做事就不拖拉了。

34. Lobster

爱吃龙虾的朋友随旅行团游澳洲,在悉尼餐馆中天天大快朵颐,大赞价廉物美。他说据久居悉尼的朋友说,从悉尼起,沿岸城镇多的是海鲜餐馆,而 seafood 中最?抵食?者莫过于龙虾。

朋友K说澳洲英语的特征在发音方面,但是有时用字会因地区不同而异。换言之,在昆士兰用的词,有的和在西澳洲方言中所用者不一样。西澳洲用词,又可能和新南威尔斯(N SW)区域所用者不同。在昆士兰和新南威尔斯,龙虾叫做lobster;而游客们在餐馆中听到的可能是 rock lobster,是龙虾正式名称。到其他地区,例如维多利亚、南澳或者西澳,通常称龙虾为 crayfish (螯虾)。如果到新南威尔斯去,又不可用 crayfish 称 lobster,因为那里称 crayfish 者,指真正的螯虾。这种螯虾,在澳洲一般叫作 yabby,则是维多利亚区土人用语。

螯虾天相笨拙,英语中 lobster 用以比喻容易受骗、动作笨拙之辈(duffer-clumsy fello w, with peculiar apperance and gait)。美国口语中称报馆值夜班为 on lobster shift,也许值夜班要睁开大眼——两眼突出,lobstereyed 也。

(摘自《联合早报》)

35. Lots for sale

初中时学到的英文lots of是?许多?的意思,所以初看到路旁插了个 Lots For Sale的牌子时,我直觉就是有很多东西要卖,于是兴冲冲地跟着指示开去,以为可以捡到一些便宜货,不想开到后一看却只是荒地一片。后来才知道,原来 Lots for sale 的Lots指的是空地的意思,和?许多?是八竿子搭不上关系的。

(摘自《世界日报》)

36. Need of

朋友Y的住所不大,多年前臵业,六百多英尺面积。当时他自称蜗居,但实际上也算相当宽敞了。Y说日前听朋友M文绉绉地提到:The toilet has the need of repairing,自然地想到?蜗居?的浴厕也该修理了。他说:My toilet is also in need of repairing。朋友S说 t

o have the need of... 和 to be in need of... 意思一样,都是?需要……?或者?有……之必要?,前者是较旧的说法,显得文雅而有婉曲之感。后者比较?现代化?,现在普遍通用。t o have... 和 to be... 在许多表现方式中用以表现相同意思,但以to be... 较为通用。

(摘自《联合早报》)

37. On the street?

最近,公司在做一个项目,眼看就要到期了,可是大家还没有把握是否可以如期完成。于是我们这个小组的组长对我们说:?Everybody! Be serious! Otherwise, we are all on th e street!?

我一时没能听懂,心想写不出来,为什么要全部都到街上去呢?后来另一位同事向我解释说:?组长的意思是指,如果计划书写不出来,我们可能都要被炒鱿鱼 (开除) !?

(摘自《世界日报》)

38. Party pooper

除夕到了,有人提议守夜的时候一起去 Pasadena 排队占位子,观赏元旦早晨的玫瑰花车游行。正当大家兴致勃勃的在讨论各项细节时,Jill 却一直在唱反调,想要阻止我们的计划。

于是,Belle 就劝她说:?Come on, take it easy. Don't be a ‘party pooper’!?没想到 J ill 会错了意,马上跳起来大声抗议:?没有!我才没有放‘臭气’呢!?

我们一群人都被她逗得笑翻了天,Belle 赶紧向 Jill 道歉说:?对不起!对不起!我不是说你‘poop’放臭气,我是叫你不要扫大家的兴!?

原来"party pooper"是指社交聚会上令人扫兴的人或者煞风景的人。

(摘自《世界日报》)

扫兴 ---- be a party pooper

be a wet blanket

cut/put/throw a damper on sth.

rain on parade

discourage sb. from having fun

spoil one's fun

39. Play it by ear

学期末教授要求我们作一个小组报告,我和几名小组成员拿不准教授会出什么样的刁难问题而发愁,最后同学们说: "W hy don't we play it by ear?" (我们为什么不[动]耳朵呢?) 我觉得莫名其妙,反问大家:"我只听说过动脑筋才能想出办法,动耳朵能管用吗?"

大家听完我的话,笑得前仰后合,等他们好不容易喘过气来,才告诉我 "play something b y ear"的意思是"到时见机行事"。

(摘自《世界日报》)

40. Promise

Promise作名词的时候,表示有希望、有前途。朋友说不久前听一个朋友七岁的女儿弹琴,颇有天才。那位钢琴老师说:She has high promise of a pianist(大有希望成为钢琴家。)此外称一个人大有前途,除high promise外,常见的还有bright, brilliant或者great等词形

容。比如朋友的男孩子能说善辩,朋友说他:He has a great future to be a statesman.

除了上面的用法之外,promise还有下面这样的用法:The sky gives promise of fine we ather tomorrow(连日阴雨,忽见天空云随风散,可知明日将会转晴。);The report gives p romise of a better tomorrow(经济低迷,前者未可乐观,但是有报告指出?明天?会转好。) Promise作动词用,有?希望?和?约束?两个意思。例如The sky gives promise of fi ne weather tomorrow可以更简单地说成:The sky promises a fine weather tomorrow。

《联合早报》

41. You are in for a treat!

这天,同事们正在讨论为我和 Rhonda 开生日 party的事情,为了尊重寿星,大家让Rhonda 和我选择一家中意的餐厅。Rhonda建议去鎮上一家叫做BBQ 的美国餐厅。我从来没有去过那里,于是就问她那里有什么特色。Rhonda便开始滔滔不绝的介绍他们的招牌菜,听得我十指大动,直咽口水,Rhonda便笑着说: "Y ou are in for a treat !"

我愣了一下,以为Rhonda要请我去那里吃饭,心里十分不好意思,试探着问过她之后,Rhonda 笑着解释说: "You are in for a treat means you'll like it !"

(摘自《世界日报》)

以下luodean提供

someone grow on me (某人令我)逐渐的爱上她/他(爱意不断加深)

也可以指爱上某物,如You don't like classical music? Don't worry. It'll grow on you. 你会逐渐喜欢的

42. Horse around?

有一天我带着孩子去公园散步,看见一群美国孩子在那里玩,只见其中一位家长走过来,问我们说:?Do you want to horse around??我心想:?这附近也没见到马,他怎么会问我们这个呢??我当时就随便跟他点头回应了一下,我想必定有其他的意思!

等我回公司上班时,问了美国同事后才恍然大悟,原来对方是问我们要不要跟他们一起玩?Horse around就是 play around 的意思!

《世界日报》

43. I'm in the dark

那天是先生的同事 John 的订婚宴,我们应邀赴宴。见到John和他的未婚妻,我们由衷祝福。先生还和 John 聊了一会,说着这两天的新鲜事,只听 John 说: ?I am in the dark.?。

我纳闷了,这是他的大喜日子,可他的心里怎么这样灰暗。

回程路上,向先生说起对 John 的看法,这才歪打正着,又学一招。in the dark,不是指消级、心里灰暗。John 当时那么说,表示他对先生所说的事一无所知。

所以确切地说,那天 in the dark 的是我。

《世界日报》

44. In apple pie shape

好长一阵子没有见到同事 Peg了。一天我问安妮 Peg 到哪去了,她说因为店里的老板给

她调了一个部门,她不太高兴,所以辞了职换到别家商店工作了。

我说Peg一向工作认真,尽心尽力,从不马虎。安妮也说:?的确如此!经她整理过的服装 Everything is in apple pie shape.?我没有听懂这句话的意思,这里是服装店又不是食品店,哪来的 apple pie呢?

于是我请教了几个老美,终于弄清了这句话的含意。原来它的意思是指做事有条不紊、规则而有秩序,外形看上去又很漂亮,就像是apple pie一样。

《世界日报》

45. Kill someone with kindness

Kindness有时确实可以臵人于死地的,但不必过于担忧,kill someone with kindness只是一种夸张的说法,其真正含义在汉语中大致可以表达为热情得让人受不了,而没有你想像的那样危情四起。

打个比方,你到百货大楼去购物,本来只是想买一件衬衣,可热情有加的服务员不仅为你拿来了各式各样的衬衣让你比试,还拿出了她们认为和这件衬衫搭配地最完美的领带、外套、裤子、鞋子,笑容可掬地极力向你推荐,而且称赞你眼光独特,品味极高,挑到了最好的货色。对此情景,你能拒绝吗?你好意思拒绝吗?那就全买下来吧。结果回家之后一个劲地后悔,我买这些个有用没用的东西都是干啥来着?唉,都是被服务员那冬天里的一把火似的热情烧的,从心底你会说they killed me with kindness。

46. Knock back

我在宠物店买了一只小猫咪。猫咪毛茸茸的,十分可爱,所以我总忍不住要带它出去炫耀一番。

一次好友安琪拉看到我的爱猫,一边逗弄它,一边问我说:?This cutie must have kno cked you back a lot!?我听了以后,以为安琪拉是说猫咪很淘气,会抓我的背,就回答说:?Not at all. This is a tender kitten.?

谁知安琪拉听了大笑,说道:?This cutie must have cost you a lot!?

安琪拉的话让我一头雾水,回家查过字典,才发现原来?knock back?这个片语是?花费?的意思。所以安琪拉原本是问我,买猫咪一定花了我不少钱,而不是说我的猫咪很调皮。

《世界日报》

47. Knock out

一次我向同事 John 借一支笔,当时他正忙着打字,头也不回的对我说: ?Knock yours elf out?.

我闻听心里十分不悦,心想John也真是的,怎么会如此无理,我不过就是向你借一支笔,不借也就算了,还说什么要打我出去。于是我说: ?对不起,我没听清楚,你说什么??大概他听出我口气不对,回头看见我没好气的样子,忙解释道: ?老兄,別急,我的意思是说 go ahead ,go for it,或者 do as much as you want (like),or you don't have to ask m y permission?.原来并不是我所理解的把人击倒,打出场外的意思呀。

《世界日报》

48. All thumbs

邻居Smith老夫妇身体很健康,精力也充沛,但奇怪的是前、后园的工作老先生从不插手,只由老太太一手包办。一天恰巧我和老太太同在后园篱笆各自收拾庭园,我正想将难于出口的疑团提出,老太太却主动说:"My husband is all thumbs when he comes to gardening."

哈哈哈!我差点忍不住大笑起来,All thumbs是形容做事笨手笨脚, 说自己丈夫有十只大拇指,真是又形象又幽默。我赶紧回家大笑一场。

(摘自《世界日报》)

49. Bookkeeper

到了美国几个天后就很想找一份工作以增加一点家庭收入,报纸上有很多广告要找 Bookke eper,我想这事很简单──图书保管员。于是拿起话筒就给对方打电话,说我对这个工作感兴趣,我以前在国内作过图书馆管理员的工作,有经验,对方问我具体做些什么,我说整理书,按照图书分类法编排……还沒等我说完,他就说: "小姐,我们找的是 Bookkeeper,不是 Librarian (图书管理员)。"

当时我也不理解这二个字有什么不同,晚上先生回来后一问才知道 Bookkeeper 是会计工作,这里 "book" 是指 "帐簿,帐册", "bookkeeper" 就是 "簿记员, 管帐人, 会计"的意思,和 "librarian" (图书管理员)完全是两码事。

(摘自《世界日报》)

50. Chew the fat

英文电视台新剧集《高校风云》(Boston Public)的内容围绕着美国中学师生之间的恩恩怨怨,着墨于两者皆良莠不齐的现象,相当写实。

日前看了一集。该集中黑人校长接见一位教员,一名女教师走进校长室见到这个情景,感到不好意思,随口说:?Oh, sorry.?(噢,对不起)

黑人校长看见那满面歉意的女教师,立即说道:?No, you didn't disturb us. We were just c hewing the fat.?

第一句对白相信大家不看片上中文字幕也听得懂,意思是:?不,你没有打扰我们。?然而第二句对白是什么意思呢?假如你每个字都听出来,会不会把chewing the fat直解为?在嚼肥肉?呢?

Chew the fat不指嚼肥肉,真正的意思是?闲聊?。明白了chew the fat,那组对白就很容易理解了:No, you didn't disturb us. We were just chewing the fat.(不,你没有打扰我们。我们只是在闲扯。)

51. Did you come down with Tara?

同事Tara病倒了几天,没有上班。我过了两天也觉得身体有些不适。和老板谈起的时候,她问, ?Did you come down with Tara???Tara??我以为她问我是不是和Tara一起下楼来,因为我们实习生住的地方就在我办公室楼上。我赶紧回答说,?No, no.?因为Tar a早晨有事已经先走了。老板听了也赶紧解释说,她不是要问我是不是和Tara一起下楼的,她是问我是不是和Tara一样感到身体不舒服,原来come down with something 是一个口语化的短语,意思是?患……病、感染……病?。

高考英语陷阱题总结归纳-名词性从句

高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——名词性从句 ◆典型陷阱题分析◆ 1. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _______ he said meant. A. that B. what C. that that D. what what 【陷阱】可能误选 B.许多同学一看选项首先就排除了C和D,认为这样两个“引导词”叠 用的情况不太可能。在A和B两个选项中,选项A肯定不行,因为它引导宾语从句时不能 充当句子成分,所以便选择了 B. 【分析】正确答案选 D.第一个what 用作动词meant 的宾语,第二个what 用作动词said 的宾语,即在none of us understood what what he said meant 中,none of us understood 为主 句,what what he said meant 为宾语从句,而在此宾语从句中又包括有what he said 这样一 个主语从句。 2. After _______ had happened he could not continue to work there. A. which B. how C. what D. having 【陷阱】可能误选 A. 【分析】最佳答案选 C.有的同学误选A,是因为认为介词后应接关系代词which,但实 际上,若填关系代词,其前没有先行词,这根据不是一个定语从句。另外,由于had happened 缺主语,所以B和D也不能选。请再做下面一题(答案选B): He pointed to ______ looked like a tomb and said, “Ghost.” A. that B. what C. which D. as 3.“Is ______ you want to say?” asked the teacher. A. this B. that C. all that D. that all 【陷阱】根据中文字面意思误选A或B. 【分析】最佳答案选 D.假若选A或B,那么转换成陈述句即为:This is you want to say. / That is you want to say. 显然句中的两个谓语动词is与want相冲突。选D组成的句子是Is that all you want to say?其中的that 为句子主语,all 为表语,you want to say 为定语从句, 用以修饰all. ?”“When ______ leave for Japan is kept secret.” 4. “When ______ leave for Japan A. they will, will they B. will they, they will C. they will, they will D. will they, will they 【陷阱】可能误选D,认为when 后应用疑问句词序。 【分析】最佳答案选 B.第一个when引出的是一个特殊疑问句,故用疑问词序;第二个 when 引出的是主语从句,故其后用陈述句词序。请做以下试题(答案选C):(1)None knows if _______ that boy, but if _______ him, her parents will be disappointed. A. she will marry, she will marry B. she marries, she marries C. she will marry, she marries D. she marries, she will marry (2)“Where _______ go to work?”“Where _______ go to work is not known.” A. we shall, we shall B. shall we, shall we C. shall we, we shall D. we shall, shall we 5. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ______.

四六级阅读不看文章直接选答案方法

四六级阅读不看文章直接选答案方法 英语四六级阅读理解如何不看文章就能答题呢?四六级英语测试中阅读理解部分是最让考生紧张而又担心的部分。许多考生在做阅读理解部分时,最大感受就是时间紧、答案选项迷惑性大。如何在没有足够时间进行深入阅读或文章太难而看不懂的情况下进行答题,我们在总结、归纳历年四、六级真题特点是基础上,向考生介绍一些紧急情况下的应试技巧。 通过研究历届四、六级阅读理解题,我们发现,在所列出的四个选项中,也有一些普遍性规律可循。如果考生了解、熟悉并掌握了这些规律,他们就可以找到做题时的“第六感觉”,达到所谓超常发挥的水平。如果考生来不及看文章,万般无奈下凭这些规律可以选中不少正确选项。 (一)答案项中有绝对语气词的一般不是正确答案项 这些语气词有:must,always,never,the most,all,only,have to,any,no,very,completely,none,hardly等。 例(1) One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society is that _____ .(1995年6月六级题22) A. the difference between the employee and the employer has become insignificant. B. people’s traditional concepts about work no longer hold true. C. most people have to take part-time jobs. D. people have to change their jobs from time to time. 分析:四个选项中,C、D两项中都含有“have to”,语气太绝对化,一般被排除。考生在剩下两项中进行选择,就大大降低了难度。 例(2)The main idea of this passage is that _____ .(1991年6月六级题40) A.better use of green space facilities should be made so as to improve the quality of our life. B. attention must be directed to the improvement of recreative possibilities. C. the urban environment is providing more recreation activities than it did many years ago. D. priority must be given to the development of obligatory activities. 分析:B、D两项中均有must be,语气太绝对化,故一般被排除。考生结合短文内容在剩下两项中进行选择,命中率就极高了。 (二)选项中含有不十分肯定的语气词一般是正确答案项 这些语气词有:can,could,may,should,usually,might,most(大多数),more or less,relatively,be likely to,possible,whether or,not necessarily 等。 例(1)It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes .(1999年6月四级题30) A.Americans are more ambitious than people in other countries B. in many countries success often depends on one’s social status C. American businesses are more democratic than those in other countries D. businesses in other countries are not as competitive as those in America 分析:选项B中often 一词,语气委婉,不十分肯定,故为答案。而其它三项中所表达出的语气都明显绝对化。) 例(2) According to the passage the problems of college education partly arise from the fact that A. society can’t provide enough jobs for properly trained college graduates B. high school graduates do not fit the pattern of college education C. too many students have to earn their own living D. college administrators encourage students to drop out

2018年度高考英语典型“陷阱题”50例(含内容规范标准答案解析)

高考英语典型“陷阱题”50例(含答案解析) 1. Mr Wang made up his mind to devote all he could ______ his oral English before going abroad. A. improve B. to improve C. improving D. to improving 2. Everything he ______ away from him before he returned to his hometown. A. took B. had been taken C. had had been taken D. had taken 3. Before he went abroad,he spent as much time as he _____ English. A. could learning B. learned C. to learn D. could learn 4. You can never imagine what great difficuly I have ______ your house. A. found B. finding C. to find D. for finding 5. The person we spoke to ______ no answer at first. A. making B. makes C. make D. made 6. The person we referred to ______ us a report tomorrow. A. giving B. will give C. gave D. give 7. The days we have been looking forward to _______ soon. A. coming B. will come C. came D. have come 8. The person we talked about ______ our school last week. A. visiting B. will visit C. visited D. has visited 9. The man whose songs we are fond of ______ in our city next week. A. singing B. to sing C. will sing D. sang 10. Not only ______ the jewelry she _____ been sold for her son's gambling debts but also her house. A. is;has B. has;had C. has;has D. 不填;has 11. ______ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him. A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose 12. The research is so designed that once nothing can be' done to change it. A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun 13. - What do you think made the woman so upset? - _______ weight. A. As she put on B. Put on C. Putting on D. Because of putting on 14. Time should be made good use of ______ our lessons well. A. learning B. learned C. to learn D. having learned 15. It was only with the help of the local guide ______. A. was the mountain climber rescued B. then the mountain climber was rescued C. when the mountain climber was rescued D. that the mountain climber was rescued 16. Never ______ time come again. A. has lost B. will lose C. will lost D. lose 17. - ______ was it ______ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace? - Totally by chance. A. What;that B. How;that C. When;how D. Where;that 18. I have nothing to confess. ______ you want me to say?

大学英语四级考试历年作文真题范文(6)

最牛英语口语培训模式:躺在家里练口语,全程外教一对一,三个月畅谈无阻! 洛基英语,免费体验全部在线一对一课程:https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ec15346616.html,/ielts/xd.html(报名网址) [范文9] importance of education the prosperity of a nation depends on the development of education. throughout the world whatever advance has been made in science and technology is due to education, which brings forth by scientists and inventors. it is never overdone no matter how one emphasizes the importance of education. there is no doubt that countries with undeveloped education will remain poor. education is as vital to the development of an individual as it is to that of a nation. of all the elements of success in our careers none is more vital than education. it is not the genius that makes the difference between success and failure. education is the driving power. in fact, most of the famous people in our times spent many years in studies. can you name any great men you admire who are not educated persons? yet some people are still ignorant of its importance. some parents, especially in the countryside, think that it is unnecessary to send their children to school. some other parents are so selfish that they have their children work for money. in consideration of the situation, compulsory education must be enforced to ensure that there will be enough educated young people for the future of our country. [范文10] the importance of self education self education brings success. though we students have teachers to help us, still we should pay more attention to self study. here are some suggestions. first, read outside our class. every new book one reads will benefit him in one way or another. the more we read, the more we are benefited. as life is short and knowledge is infinite, we should try to read as many books as we can. second, improve our memory and reasoning powers. if we read more and more, we can make our memory and reasoning powers improve to some degree. moreover, we shall be able to write more clearly and correctly. third, develop our character. when we have formed the habit of reading, we can put into practice what they have taught and build up a good character. in a word, if we want to educate ourselves, the most important thing for us to do is to read not only our textbooks, but also any other books that are within our reach. 五、图表、信函及其他 [范文1] should women have equal job opportunities with men? this table shows the different opinions about whether women should have equal job opportunities in the following three countries, china, the u.s.a. and japan. as can be seen in the table, the people who agree with this point exceed those who disagree, especially in china. however, there are still some people in the three countries, especially in japan who are against women’s equal job opportunities with men.

英语四级真题阅读理解

Passage1 Reading leadership literature, you’d sometimes think that everyone has the potential to be an effective leader. 读领导文学,你有时会认为每个人都有可能成为一个有效的领导者。 I don’t believe that to be true. In fact, I see way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck in positions of leadership who arc sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own abilities. 我不相信这是真的。事实上,我认为真正有效的领导者的方式比我看到的人都陷在领导的职位上,遗憾的是他们自己的能力不称职,严重误导了他们。 Part of the reason this happens is a lack of honest self-assessment by those who aspire to(追求)leadership in the first place. 对产生这种现象的原因一部分是由那些渴望缺乏诚实的自我评估(追求)放在首位的领导 We've all met the type of individual who simply must take charge. Whether it's a decision-making session, a basketball game, or a family outing, they can't help grabbing the lead dog position and clinging on to it for dear life. They believe they're natural born leaders. 我们都遇到了个人的类型,他们必须负责。无论是决策会议,篮球比赛,还是家庭外出,他们都不能不抓住领导的狗的地位,并紧紧抓住它,因为亲爱的生命。他们相信他们是天生的领袖。 Truth is, they're nothing of the sort. True leaders don't assume that it's their divine(神圣的)right to take charge every time two or more people get together. Quite the opposite. A great leader will assess each situation on its merits, and will only take charge when their position, the situation, and/or the needs of the moment demand it. 事实是,他们没有什么样的。真正的领导者不认为这是他们的神圣(神圣的)负责每次两个或两个以上的人在一起吧。恰恰相反。一个伟大的领导者会对每一个情况进行评估,并在他们的位置、情况和/或需要的情况下,只会负责。

高中英语典型陷阱单项选择100题附答案

高中英语典型陷阱单项选择100题 1. (1) Mr. Smith did all he could ______ his family’s living standard. (2) Mr. Wang made up his mind to devote all he could ____his oral English before going abroad. (3) He couldn’t believe that such a little boy could _____ his Eng lish with so little time. A. improve B. to improve C. improving D. to improving 2. (1) He was very careless, so I am afraid he _____ your umbrella by mistake yesterday. (2) Everything he ______ away from him before he returned to his hometown. (3) Everything ______ away from him before he returned to his hometown. A. took B. had been taken C. had had been taken D. had taken 3. (1) Before he went abroad, he looked forward ______ English as much as possible. (2) Before he went abroad, he spent as much time as he ______ English. (3) As their English teacher had gone back America, so as a result, they stayed only ___ French. A. could learning B. to learn C. to learning D. could learn 4. (1) You can not imagine what a silly mistake I ______. A. make B. made C. have made D. hade made (2) You can never imagine what great difficulty I have ______ your house. A. found B. finding C. to find D. for finding 5. (1) The person we spoke to _______ no answer at first. (2) The person was made _____ a speech at the meeting. A. making B. makes C. to make D. made 6. (1) He seemed _____ everything, but in fact he knew nothing. A. to know B. to have known C. to knowing D. knowing (2) The person we referred to ______ us a report tomorrow. A. giving B. have given C. gave D. give 7. (1) The days we have been looking forward to ______ soon. (2) They have been looking forward to _____ to China soon. (3) These days we have been looking forward to _______ to visit you. A. coming B. will come C. came D. have come 8. (1) Are you talking about _____ the new school next week? (2) The person we talked about _______ our school last week. A. visiting B. will visit C. visited D. has visited 9. (1) The man is fond of _____ the most popular songs in our city. (2) The man whose songs we are fond of ______ in our city next week. A. singing B. to sing C. will sing D. sang 10. (1) Not only ____ the jewelry she ___been sold for her son’s gambling debts but also her house. (2) Never _____ he come unless he _____ his wallet back. A. will, has B. has, had C. has, has D. /, has 11. (1) _____ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. (2) _____ his lovely dog, he looked for it everywhere. (3) _____ his dog, he took it in the scary bushes.

四六级英语口语考试真题(完整版)

CET频道更新:2009-6-3 编辑:lo7ely ·大学英语四级听力必考60个习语汇总 ·四级暑期天天练:完形填空题库 ·名师推荐:英语四级写作高分模板汇总 Part 1 (5 minutes) Examiner: Good morning (Good afternoon), everybody. Could you please tell me your name and the number of your admission ticket? Your name, please. And your number? … Your name? … And your number? ... Thank you. Now would you please briefly introduce yourselves to each other? Remember, you should not mention the name of your university. (1.5 minutes) OK, now that we know each other we can do some group work. First of all, I’d like to ask each of you to say something about life in the city. [ C1, C2, C3 ] 1) How do you like living in Beijing ( Shanghai , Nanjing …)? 2) What do you think is the most serious challenge of living in a city like Beijing ( Shanghai , Nanjin g …)? 3) How do you like shopping in a supermarket? 4) Where would you like to live, downtown or in the suburbs, and why? 5) What measures do you think we should take to reduce air pollution in Beijing ( Shanghai , Nanjing …)? 6) Can you say something about the entertainment available in your city? 7) Where would you like to find a job after graduation, in a big city like Beijing or Shanghai or in a small town and why? 8) What’s your impression of the people in Beijing ( Shanghai , Nanjing …)? Part 2 (10 minutes) Examiner: Now let’s move on to something more specific. The topic for our discussion today is “City Traffic”. You’ll have a picture (some pictures) showing two different types of transport. I’d like each of you to give a brief desc ription of each type and then compare the two types. You’ll have one minute to prepare and each of you will have one and a half minutes to talk about the picture(s). Don’t worry if I interrupt you at the end of the time limit. Now here are your pictures. [1 minute later] Now, [ C1 ], would you please start first? [ C2 ] and [ C3 ], please put your pictures aside and listen to what [ C1 ] has to say. [1.5 minutes later] OK. [ C2 ], now it’s your turn. [1.5 minutes later] OK, [ C3 ], and now it’s you r turn.

高考英语陷阱题总结归纳连词

高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——连词 ◆典型陷阱题分析◆ 1. I'm sorry, _____ I won't be able to come tonight. A. for B. and C. but D. then 【陷阱】容易误选A,因为空格后的句子是用以说明I'm sorry 的原因的,所以便想当然地认为要选for来表示原因。 【分析】事实上,I'm sorry 后习惯上不接表示原因的连词for,而接表示转折的连词but(也可省略but),用以委婉地提出一个使对方不快的事实。又如: Oh, sorry, but she's out. 哦,不好意思,她出去了。 I'm sorry, but I have to disagree. 对不起,我不敢苟同。 I'm sorry, but I have already had another appointment. 对不起,我已经有约会了。 注:I'm sorry 后虽然不能接表原因的连词for,但却可接介词for.如: I'm sorry for shouting at you. 对不起冲你嚷嚷了。 I am sorry for what I said to you. 我后悔不该对你讲那些话。 2. The point is not who said the words, _____ they are true or not. A. but whether B. and whether C. but how D. and how 【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。 【分析】最佳答案为A.此题涉及两个搭配:一是not …but …(不是……而是……),二是whether …or not (是否)。请看类例: He was not an actor, who often appeared on stage, _____ a writer, writing stories. A. but B. and C. then D. so 答案选A,主要考查not …but …结构。 3. Just because they make more money than I do, _____ they seem to look down on me. A. so B. and C. but D. 不填 。so …because …直译为……”所以……因为“,将汉语的A但容易误选【陷阱】【分析】此题正确答案为D,但是按英语语法,because 为从属连词,用以引导原因状语从句,它表明整个句子为复合句;而so 在表示“所以”时,它是并列连词,用以连接两个简单句使之成为并列句。由于在同一句中既用了从属连词because,又用了并列连词so,使得该句一半像复合句,一半像并列句,从而导致错误。正确的做法是,任意去掉because 和 so 中的一个,使之要么成为复合句,要么成为并列句。 4. Although he had only entered the contest for fun, _____ he won first prize. A. but B. and C. even D. 不填 【陷阱】容易误选A,将汉语的“虽然……但是……”直译为although …but …。 【分析】正确答案选D.按英语语法,although 为从属连词,用以引导让步状语从句,它表明整个句子为复合句;而but 在表示“但是”时,它是并列连词,用以连接两个简单句使之成为并列句。由于在同一句中既用了从属连词although,又用了并列连词but ,使得该句一半像

英语四六级阅读理解

英语四六级阅读理解 1.选词填空 选词填空题是大学英语四级考试的新题型,占整个考试分值的10%。选词填空题的文章长度在220—250词左右,要求从给出的15个词中选择10个填入合适的空中。选词填空题的题目在考试*大设计时并非拿来一篇短文随便去掉几个词,设计者一般遵循以下原则:首句不设空;一句话中不设两空;设空比较均匀,基本覆盖整个段落;设空不影响考生对文章大意的理解;选项所提供的词皆为实义词,包括:名词、动词、形容词、副词等,它们与文章的上下文紧密联系;每个正确选项均有干扰项,相互干扰的选项之间不是同义词或近义词。因此,要做好选词填空题,必须要在熟悉选项、通读全文、把握文章结构与大意的前提下,根据所提供的词汇及句子的结构、语法和语篇等信息,通过逻辑推理、对比等手段最后确定答案。 (一)题型介绍 一篇长度为220个单词左右的文章,在文章当中挖掉10个单词,后面设置15个选项,要求选择正确的单词填入文章。该部分测试主要考查考生对诸如连贯性、一致性、逻辑联系等语篇、语段整体特征以及单词在实际语境中的理解。 即:要求考生在理解文章的基础上弄清篇章的宏观结构,并进一步地具体细化到对每个单词的微观处理,如词性,时态等方面。 (二)解题技巧 首先,各位考生跳读全文,根据首末段原则以及首末句原则,快速抓住文章的主题。 其次,仔细阅读各个选项。把每个单词进行分类归纳。 然后,回到文中,分析句子结构,判断出句中所缺成分及所需要词性。 最后,返回原文,检查是否通顺、内在逻辑关系是否连贯,如有问题,需要谨慎地进行微调。 (三)注意事项

①重点分析动词的时态和语态(注意一般现在时中第三人称单数形式),名词的单复数等。根据上下文时态对应等原则,进一步缩小选择范围。 ②选项中出现一组反义词时,有一个是干扰选项。 ③选项中出现代词时,该选项一定不能放在首句。 ④选项中出现一组近义词时,有一个通常是干扰选项,它注重考查的是词汇的精确理解。 ⑤选项为连词时,要特别注意句子间存在的逻辑关系。 常见的逻辑关系:因果,并列平行,递进,转折,对比,前后意思一致等。 ⑥先易后难,要有全局观。 做题时先把最有把握的词挑出,然后去除该选项,逐步缩小选择范围。 选词填空题的解题步骤及技巧: 一、浏览全文和选项 这一步是为了了解文章的大致内容和选项,做到心中有数。主要关注文章中涉及的人物、事件、地方、原因以及结果。反复出现的词将会是帮助大家掌握文章大致内容的重要线索。 二、确定选项的词性 选项中的15个词是考查的关键,对于熟悉的单词标明词性和词义,不熟悉的单词或者不认识的单词只需标明词性。 辨别词性要注意以下几点: 1. 动词分为谓语动词和非谓语动词。非谓语动词包括:动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。过去分词有两种可能性(形容词和动词的过去分词), 无法确定时标问号。

型高考英语陷阱题详

○典型高考英语陷阱题详解(二)?定语从句 2013年曾梦龙 1. The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains. A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were 【陷阱】容易误选A或B,将A、B中的which 和it 误认为是其后句子的主语。 【分析】最佳答案是C,around which were high mountains 是一个由"介词+which"引出的非限制性定语从句,而在该从句中,主语是high mountains,around which 是表语,所以句子谓语应用复数were,而不是用单数was.请做以下类例题目(答案均为C):(1)Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops. A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are (2)The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are (3)Next month we'll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurant where we can have Chinese food. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are 2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, "Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?" A. that B. which C. where D. what 【陷阱】容易误选B,认为around 是介词,选which 用以代替前面的名词hospital,在此用作介词around 的宾语。 【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错,但问题是,照此分析,此句的意思即为:有没有这样一个医院,我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤?这样的语境显然有点不合情理,因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤,而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选C 的理由是:句中的around 不是介词,而是副词,意为"在附近";其后的where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital,句意为:附近有没有一家医院,我可以去治我的手伤? 3. _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

相关文档
相关文档 最新文档