21世纪大学英语词汇

Unit 1
compulsory confidence consequence henceforth incentive invest passion perceive
compulsory
relish
scheme
Do you think that making music and art children's enjoyment of them? 2. Bob's one of those people who
subjects in schools would reduce some
risk and danger — he'd be bored in a safe,
steady job. 3. Elizabeth is certainly talented enough to succeed in her career; she just doesn't have enough in her own abilities.
4. I'm sorry you're in trouble, but as you made your decision on your own you'll just have to face the .
5. Many educators would be delighted to abolish exams, but they also worry that without them there would be too little for students to work hard. 6. The teacher accidentally hit the boy's hand with an eraser and was "dead-Eye Bean." 7. If I had money, I'd it all in Internet companies. known as
8. Psychologists say that our behavior is influenced by many factors too subtle for us to consciously 9. He's always had a come true. 10. Look at those three whispering in the corner again — they're don't know what! 参考答案： something, I just . for books. If he could work in a library, it would be a dream
(1)compulsory (2)relish (3)confidence (4)consequences (5)incentive (6)h enceforth (7)invest (8)perceive (9)passion (10)scheming The suffix -ess can be added to some nouns to refer to female humans and animals.(U1TA) e.g.: prince → princess tiger → tigress A. Add this suffix to the following nouns so that they refer to a female person or animal. Be sure to make any necessary spelling changes.

1. actor 3. god 5. waiter 7. priest
2. emperor 4. master 6. lion 8. heir
B. Now use some of the words you've formed to complete the sentences below: 1. Guanyin is sometimes called "The Iron 2. Most of the of Mercy".
you meet in Hollywood restaurants have gone .
there in hopes of becoming successful 3.
do most of the hunting while their mates look after their
offspring. 4. Do you think the Western press goes too far in publishing stories about politicians love affairs,________and so on? 参考答案： (1)actress (2)empress (3)goddess (4)mistress (5)waitress (6)lioness (7)pr iestess (8)heiress (9)Goddess (10)waitresses (11)actresses (12)Lionesses (13)mistresses
The suffix -ee can be added to many verbs to form nouns meaning.(U1TA) (a) a person to whom the stated action is done, e.g.: employee = a person who is employed; (b) a person who acts in the stated way, e.g.: devotee = a person who is devoted to something or someone. A. Now translate the following words into Chinese. 1. examinee 2. referee 3. appointee 4. refugee 5. addressee

6. trainee 7. escapee 8. absentee 9. payee B. Use some of the words above to complete the sentences below. 1. In an oral English test, the various topics. 2. As a you'll be paid only half the usual salary, but it's excellent is expected to speak fluently on
preparation for your future career. 3. Almost all the students took part in the ceremony. The only was Sally Maxim. 4. The war drove these people out of their homeland and they became in lands where they weren't welcome. 5. Years ago, Owen dreamed of writing a message at his desk and having it immediately transmitted to any 6. The on Earth.
was recaptured after five days on the run.
参考答案： (1)a person who is taking an exam 应试者 (2)one to whom something is referred, esp. for decision or settlement 裁判 (3)a person who is appointed to a job or position 被任命者 (4)a person who has been forced to leave his country, home, etc. and seek refuge 避难者，难民 (5)the person to whom a letter, etc. is addressed 收件人 (6)a person who is being trained 受训者 (7)a person who has escaped from somewhere 逃脱者 (8)a person who stays away 缺 席 者 (9)a person to whom money is or should be paid 受 款 人 (10)examinee (11)trainee (12)absentee (13)refugees (14)addressee (1 5)escapee
Unit 2
complement constraint depress entitle instinct In a healthy relationship, the
faculty indispensable strengths and abilities
privilege random strategy survival urgent partners'

each other, rather than being identical. 2. Millions of dollars and lots of famous actors are not production of a successful film, but they help! 3. I never felt I had a right to expect any special university education. 4. The marketing that Edward proposed would be brilliant if because of my to the
only he hadn't forgotten about good business ethics. 5. It's true that not having a car imposes some also complicates life in many ways. 6. According to Chinese law, every child is education. 7. Life should consist of more than just a struggle for 8. The sight of the helpless child aroused her maternal 9. The winners of the contest were chosen . . ; no consideration to nine years of free , but owning one
was given to age, gender or income. 10. He has lost the use of his limbs but he is still in possession of all his . 11. Please give the highest priority to this very matter.
12. She enjoyed parts of her trip to India, but said she found the poverty she saw there rather .
参考答案： (1)complement (2)indispensable (3)privileges (4)strategy (5)constraints ( 6)entitled (7)survival (8)instinct(s) (9)randomly (10)faculties (11)urgent ( 12)depressing 词汇改写题 1. I can't find the pictures that were attached with the documents. correct form: synonym:
2. The Titanic hit an iceberg and went under with a loss of more than 1,500 lives.

correct form:
synonym:
3. . As soon as baby birds are able to fend to themselves, their parents lose interest in them. correct form: synonym:
5. The explosion was heard by startled citizens in a distance from ten miles. correct form: synonym:
6. Before we start our discussion, I'd like to hand around some extra materials containing background information. correct form: 7. .This report is based on a survey of one thousand readers chosen by random. correct form: definition: synonym:
8. Everyone is entitled by his or her own opinion. correct form: definition:
1.(1)attached to (2)fastened to 2.(1)went down (2)sank 3.(1)fend for themselves (2)take care of themselves 4.(1)gunned down (2)shot 5.(1)at a distance of ten miles (2)ten miles away 6.(1)hand out (2)distribute 7.(1)at random (2)without any plan or criteria for selection 8.(1)is entitled to (2)has a right to One way that compound adjectives are formed is noun + verb-ing, for example:

self-respecting awe-inspiring egg-laying Now form compound adjectives by matching each noun in the left-hand column with the -ing form of one of the verbs on the right. Then complete each of the following sentences with one of the adjectives you've formed.(U2TA) 1) breath a. find 2) heart b. bear 3) man c. love 4) movie d. break 5) peace e. eat 6) fact f. take 7) child g. go 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 1. is 2. It's a long climb up the hill, but once you're up there the view of the city . He was by nature a gentle and man — he always did
whatever he could to avoid conflict. 3. Our holiday on the island was rather spoiled by the presence of sharks just off the beach. 4. In the information age, many people consider skills more
important than memorizing and retaining knowledge. 5. it. 6. Fewer and fewer females of age are willing to give up their The movie Titanic is a love story—I weep every time I see
careers in order to raise a family.

7. The film industry has been badly hurt by the sharp decline in the public, caused by the low cost of videos. 参考答案： (1)breathtaking (2)heartbreaking (3)man-eating (4)movie-going (5)peace -loving (6)fact-finding (7)child-bearing (8)breathtaking (9)peace-loving (1 0)man-eating (11)fact-finding (12)heartbreaking (13)child-bearing (14)m ovie-going
Unit 3
arouse assimilate concerning confront dim keen misfortune mood
heal
ponder recognition symbolic meanings that vary from culture to culture. my memory of our
1. Colors often have
2. All the years that have passed have not first glorious autumn in Beijing.
3. His most recent essay focuses on the problems that people everyday life. 4. His failure in business was due not so much to mistakes. 5. If you have any questions contact our customer service department. 6. My boss's change very quickly; one
in
as to his own
our products, please feel free to
moment he's
light-hearted and cheerful, and the next he hates everything and everybody. 7. Christy is bright, creative and quick to new ideas.
8. She loves to sit on the hill alone at night, gazing at the stars and the mysteries of life. 9. These educational toys give children a feeling of self-worth by their interest in challenging tasks. 10. Despite widespread public of the worsening air quality in
these areas, little has been done to control air pollution. 11. The human body has great selfpowers, and sometimes all
it needs to overcome a mild illness is rest and a healthy diet.

12. Dogs and wolves rely on their
sense of smell to find food
and recognize danger. 参考答案： (1)symbolic (2)dimmed (3)confront (4)misfortune (5)concerning (6)mood s (7)assimilate (8)pondering (9)arousing (10)recognition (11)healing (12) keen 词汇改写题 As the director is away on a business trip, I'll be in charge of the meeting this afternoon. preside over Much as parents might desire it, there is no such thing as "the perfect school" for any child. wish for Recent research has made new possibilities available for the treatment of cancer. opened up Bob was very uncertain about his real feelings for Beth. as to Although he's almost ninety, Professor Adler still has all his faculties. is (still) in possession of Having sold the house, Jim had a large sum of money to do what he wanted with. at his disposal The invention of the steam engine served as preparation for the development of industry. paved the way for definite frequent 1. The bus is dependent offensive efficient sensitive exact sincere . expensive
, of course, but this late at night it's too
If we don't take a taxi, we'll be waiting for hours. 2. Despite all the technological breakthroughs, weather forecasting is still a very science. , but it provides
3. I know the current production system is
employment for hundreds more workers than if we computerized it all. 4. I thought Chris's joke was completely made your aunt so angry. I don't know why it

5. Her apology was so obviously angrier. 6. It's unfortunate that the rich are often the poor.
that it only served to make me
to the difficulties of
7. Getting a job is the quickest way to become financially 8. The Space Project has been postponed for an
. period due to a
lack of funds. 参考答案： (1)inexpensive (2)infrequent (3)inexact (4)inefficient (5)inoffensive (6)insi ncere (7)insensitive (8)independent (9)indefinite mind sun moon day night year tooth mental solar *lunar diurnal nocturnal annual *dental mouth heat voice nose father mother brother *oral *thermal *vocal nasal paternal maternal fraternal
Fill in the blanks with adjectives chosen from the above list. 1. A year always has 365 days, but the calendar
varies in length from year to year. 2. Most snakes are during the day. 3. Doctors usually recommend check-ups, but you should go animals: They sleep at night and are active
twice a year if you have a history of health problems. 4. We humans are very impressed with our own faculties, but in
fact there are several species of animal whose brains are larger than ours. 5. His parents died when he was seven, and because his father's family had emigrated, he was raised by his 6. grandparents.
Brushing your teeth after each meal is the best way to avoid problems.
7. Even after the development of writing, the so-called
tradition

of passing on knowledge by word of mouth has remained very important in many cultures. 8. The sounds made by the new-born baby are a great comfort
to the Mother. 9. It took the local people some time to recognize the medical benefits of the waters.
参考答案： solar (2)lunar (3)diurnal (4)annual (5)mental (6)maternal (7)dental (8)or al (9)vocal (10)thermal Unit 4 commence conviction equip inevitable pierce grim grip incidentally induce solemn
potent presumably reckon segment
1. When every student imagines that every other student is working harder and doing better, stress is the 2. It is my firm conflict. 3. Everyone jumped up when a scream suddenly broke the result.
that violence is never a reasonable solution to
silence. 4. In many cultures a memorial service is a joyful celebration, not a event. 5. The recession has put increasing pressure on the job market, so employment prospects for this year's graduates are unfortunately rather . 6. If you keep too firm a think for themselves. 7. I don't know what Alfred to read your letter. he on your children, they'll never learn to
thought it was addressed to him. 8. What are you thinking of!? This medicine is much too small child! 9. A large of the population — at about 20% — still for a

takes spirit-worship (神灵崇拜) seriously. 10. Before going on a camping trip, it's wise to make sure you're well for a wide range of emergencies. 11. As soon as the director left the room, Sam with his wild stories. 12. I talked to Alice last week — , has she returned the book you entertaining us
lent her? I'd like to borrow it, if you don't mind. 参考答案： inevitable (2)conviction (3)piercing (4)solemn (5)grim (6)grip (7)induced (8)Presumably (9)potent (10)segment (11)reckoned (12)equipped (13)co mmenced (14)incidentally
词汇改写题 The professor is often seen strolling around the campus * at deep night. correct form: night (2)very late at night It's hard * conceiving in a culture where smell or touch are more important than sight. correct form: imagine After her husband's death, * fearsome for what the future would bring, Barbara closed the family business and went to work in a bank. correct form: about The end of the movie didn't surprise me — I knew * all away who the murderer was. correct form: ________ synonym: ________ (1)all along (2)from the start In a crowded dormitory it's especially important to * considerate for other people's needs and feelings. correct form: ________ definition: ________ (1)be considerate of (2)care about synonym: (1)fearful of (2)anxious synonym: (1)to conceive of (2)to definition: (1)in the dead of

None of Lucy's usual methods for attracting attention * were work for the professor. correct form: ________ synonym: ________ (1)worked on (2)affected, influenced If he doesn't find time to relax a little, I'm afraid he's going to * bug it up. correct form: ________ synonym: ________ (1)bug out (2)go crazy Please excuse my irritability. I've been * around too many pressures at work lately. correct form: ________ definition: ________ (1)under too much pressure (2)stressed by too many worries Wording building beautify clarify identify *classify *exemplify horrify *simplify
intensify personify *purify
1. The water here has to be ________before you can drink it. 2. I'm so familiar with the students that I can ________them by their footsteps. 3. As the pressures on students continue to ________, more and more of them are suffering from problems with their health. 4. The bystanders were ________as they watched the car spin out of control and crash into a school bus. 5. There are still arguments about whether bacteria (细菌) should be ________as animals or plants. 6. The story of Linda and Barbara ________the way peer pressure and self-induced pressure are intertwined. 7. Merely putting up posters of movie stars in the dormitory and cafeteria is not what the campaign to ________our campus is about. 8. The government is planning to ________the tax laws so that they're easier for people to understand. 参考答案： (1)purified (2)identify (3)intensify (4)horrified (5)classified (6)exemplifies (7)beautify (8)simplify
Unit 5 acquaintance ambition emigrate amuse assumption compile confusion
impressive legislation orderly
renowned supplement

1. Politicians are always promising to introduce ________to raise salaries and lower taxes. 2. The new poetry collection was ________from a wide variety of sources and includes poems from twelve countries and seven centuries. 3. Every culture is full of beliefs and ________that most people never question until they come into contact with another culture. 4. Many people who ________to America in hopes of becoming rich are surprised at how hard they have to work. 5. He has a wide circle of ________but very few close friends. 6. She's a ________tennis player, but her real ________is to become a writer. 7. To avoid ________, you'd better start by explaining the whole idea from beginning to end in an ________way. 8. When you take a small child on a long trip, you need to bring lots of books and toys to keep him or her ________. 9. Most visitors to Shanghai find it a very ________city. 10. They teach at night school to ________their income, which otherwise wouldn't be sufficient to live on.
参考答案： legislation (2)compiled (3)assumptions (4)emigrate (5)acquaintances (6)r enowned (7)ambition (8)confusion (9)orderly (10)amused (11)impressive (12)supplement
delegation profile
document questionnaire
mob queue
overthrow reckless
preach visa
1. The students sent a twelve-member group to represent them to the conference.
2. Three army officers were charged with conspiracy to remove the government.
3. The first step in applying for an entry permit to Great Britain is filling out this form.

4. I consider religion a private matter and don't like it when people try to persuade others to share their beliefs.
5. If William is driving, I'll take the bus. He's too wild and careless and I just don't feel safe with him behind the wheel.
Answer: (1)delegation (2)overthrow (3)a visa, questionnaire (4)preach [to me, to others] (5)reckless capitalism communism extremism feminism heroism idealism patriotism pessimism realism socialism
1. There are many versions of ________, but all of them are concerned with women's status in society. 2. One of my classmates was awarded a medal for his ________in saving two drowning children. 3. Facing classroom realities on a daily basis is a good cure for a young teacher's naive _________. 4. The senator's right-wing _________was an embarrassment to more liberal members of his party. 5. Joining the army is not the only way to express your _________; love for one's country and love of peace can go hand in hand. 参考答案： (1)feminism (2)heroism (3)idealism (4)extremism (5)patriotism beautician electrician historian librarian politician technician magician
mathematician musician
1. Oh no, the lights have gone out again! This time we'd better call the___________. 2. Isaac Newton was an English physicist and_________who discovered the law of gravity when an apple fell on his head. 3. Johann Sebastian Bach was a German_________nd composer, one of the best known and most popular of all time. 4. It's strange: No one trusts _________, but we let them govern the world. 5. Jane loves books so much, she should become a _________. 6. The recent discovery of a number of well-preserved 8th-century trade documents is of enormous interest to _________.

7. They are looking for a laboratory _________who is very good at the detailed technical aspects of laboratory management. 参考答案：
(1)electrician (2)mathematician (3)musician (4)politicians (5)librarian (6) historians (7)tech nician

大学英语b级词汇真题讲解6套

16. The question is ________ me and I have no idea of it. A) beyond B ) over C) beside D) above 17. The output of our company this month is _______ that of last month. A) twice as much as B) twice as much C) twice many as D) twice as many as 18. Hardly had I got home ________ the telephone rang. A) then B) when C) as D) than 19. By the time you get back, I ________ all the work. A) would finish B) will have finished C) has finished D) had finished 20. It’ s required that the students ________ the term paper tomorrow. A) finished B) finish C) will finish D) may finish 21._______ the final examination is over, we can go outside for picnic. A) Even though B) Now that C) For D) With 22. Tom was the only one of the students who ________ named Outstanding Student. A) is B) are C) was D) were

大学英语词汇教学浅析

Vol.10No.1 2013年1月 第10卷第1期 Journal of Hubei University of Economics(Humanities and Social Sciences) 湖北经济学院学报（人文社会科学版） Jan.2013一、词汇教学的重要地位 词汇是语言的三大要素之一，是语言的建筑基石。正如英国语言学家威尔金丝所言：“没有语法，人们表达的事物寥寥无几，而没有词汇，则无法表达任何事物。”可见，词汇在语言中占有重要位置。对于语言学习者、使用者来说，词汇知识是他们语言能力的一部分，在一定程度上，学生词汇量的多少能反映其英语水平，并决定其听、说、读、写诸方面的能力。 现代大学英语教学是以培养交际能力为目的，掌握大量词汇是培养交际能力的先决条件，否则语言交际就不能顺利进行。另外，英语学习的侧重点也从测试语法点转化为分析语篇，这就要求学生接受大量的语言信息，而语言信息来源于词汇，因此，学生掌握大量词汇才可以有效地进行交际和阅读。可见，在英语教学中，词汇教学占有重要地位。 二、词汇教学存在的问题 在多年的精读教学中，笔者发现学生在掌握词汇方面是薄弱的，他们不能理解句子的意思往往不是因为不懂语法，而是不理解单词的意义。通过了解学生记忆单词和教师讲解单词的方法，笔者发现词汇的教与学存在着以下一些问题： （一）教师在教学中重视语法教学，忽视词汇教学。传统的语法翻译教学法在中学英语教学中占主导地位，在一定程度上也影响了大学英语教学。 （二）教师讲课过多地重视课文主要意思和结构，忽视了讲单词，许多教师认为学生在中学已经学会了语音，会读单词，不应该花费课堂时间讲词汇，而应该集中讲课文。事实上，学生们虽然认识到词汇的重要性，但努力记单词并没有取得良好效果，学生感到很困惑。 （三）教师用字典解释单词，然而学生可能不理解新单词在不同语境中的真正含义。大部分学生依赖于字典学习词汇，而不能适当地、确切地运用单词。一个单词有多种意义，学生们不能确定在某个句子中的单词的确切意义。 （四）许多教师用近义词讲新单词，然而不区分近义词的差异。 （五）学生还有一系列其他问题，一词多义是学生学习的障碍，词语搭配对学生来说是很复杂的事情，词汇的内涵意义也不容易掌握。 因此教师应重视词汇教学，用好的方法教学生，尤其是精读课上，教师应把词汇与课文内容联系起来讲，这样学单词就不枯燥无味，在其他课上也要有意识地讲解新词，同时复习旧词，有效地提高记忆效率。我们作为教师，过去没有充分重视词汇教学，认为只要教会学生读单词，理解基本意思，学生自己背，老师再听写，这样就完成了词汇教学。事实上，教师应该用有效的方法教词汇，扩大学生的词汇量，深化词汇知识的深度。语言学家Laufer 曾说过，扩展词汇不仅是一个量的问题，词汇知识可能在不同的学习阶段从表层发展至深层，扩展词汇也不仅是熟悉新单词，它还包括加深已学过单词的知识，词汇的深度和词汇量是同等重要的。 三、词汇教学的策略和方法 为了使学生有效地、科学地学习记忆词汇，笔者提出以下几种方法，帮助学生提高记忆效率。 （一）语音教学 语音与词汇有密切的关系，学好语音对词汇有很大帮助。教师在讲新词时，首先应从读音开始，让学生掌握一定的读音规则，把握好重音、弱读等规律，严格要求学生养成准确发音的习惯。然后是单词拼写，引导学生掌握字母以及字母组合的发音规律。在记忆过程中，要让学生掌握英语单词中读音和拼写之间的对应关系，使学生把音和形联系起来，看词能读，听音会写。如：有一个发音组合：元音+辅音+不发音的e ，在这个组合中，字母e 不发音，元音字母通常发本身音。如果学生了解了这个规则，那么看到take ，use ，bike 等这种组合的词就会准确地读出来，听到时也会准确地拼写了。总之，学生掌握了读音规则，单词读准了，拼写的准确率也会随之提高，记忆单词会变得相对轻松。 （二）构词教学 语言是随着人类社会的发展而产生并发展的，许多新词的产生遵循语法规则，有一定的规律，也就是我们所说的构词法。学习英语单词的构词法，有助于提高记忆效率。常见的构词法主要有派生法、合成法、转化法。 派生法即在词根上加前缀或后缀构成新词，了解前缀、词根、后缀的意思，就可以记住几个词，如：由character 联想到 characterize ，characteristic ，characterization 。 大学英语词汇教学浅析 胡凌海 （忻州师范学院专科部，山西忻州034000） 摘 要：词汇是语言的建筑基石，在语言中占有重要位置。学生掌握大量的词汇，阅读和交际才能有效地顺利地 进行。因此词汇教学成为大学英语教学中的一个非常重要的部分，本文分析了词汇教学存在的问题并提出了一些词汇教学的策略和方法。 关键词：大学英语；词汇教学；策略；方法

大学英语词汇教学策略探究.doc

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