英语听力、课文

英语听力原文

1. M: You look different today, but I can’t quite put my finger on what it is.

W: I finally got around to trying that new salon at the mall.

Q: What can be inferred about the man?

2. M: I’ve just found out I can’t renew my lease for the next school year.

W: Well, don’t worry. There should be plenty of apartments free after graduation.

Q: Why does the woman suggest the man should not worry?

3. M: What do you think of the assignment we just got in Doctor Bennett’s class?

W: A 25-page paper in two weeks. There goes my social life.

Q: What does the woman imply?

4. M: I’m sure glad it’s almost quitting time.

W: Me too. I’ve been watching the clock all afternoon.

Q: What can be inferred about the man?

5. M: It’s really cold outside. You should wear a scarf to keep your neck warm.

W: That’s a good idea. If only I had one with me.

Q: Which of the following is true about the woman?

6. M: Sally says we should meet her in the park at noon.

W: I thought we were meeting at the library.

Q: What are the speakers talking about?

7. M: Dick, please don’t tie up the phone. I need to make a call.

W: I’ll be off in a minute.

Q: What will the man do?

8. M: Do you know if George is coming to the meeting?

W: Oh, no. I was supposed to tell you that he is sick and can’t come.

Q: What does the man mean?

9. M: Could I talk to you for a minute about the discrepancy I found in this graph?

W: I’m kind of in the middle of things right now.

Q: What do you know about the woman?

10. M: I’d like to try to sell some of my textbooks used last semester.

W: You and a few hundred other people.

Q: What is a proper interpretation of the woman’s words?

11. M: I’m amazed that you still haven’t gotten to know your neighbors.

W: They tend to keep to themselves.

Q: what do you learn about the man’s neighbors?

12. M: You don’t believe in diets, do you?

W: There is nothing wrong with them per se, but they have to be combined with exercise to do any good.

Q: What does the man think of diets?

13. M: Pete had hoped to have his apartment painted by this time.

W: But he hasn’t even started, has he?

Q: What does the woman imply about Pete?

14. M: I wonder what this new flavor of ice cream tastes like.

W: I tried it last week. If I were you, I would stick to an old standby.

Q: What can be inferred from the conversation? S o n g S o n g S o n g

15. M: I’m sort of upset with my brother. He hasn’t answered either of my letters.

W: Well, just remember how hectic your freshman year was. Give him a chance to get settled. Q: Why hasn’t the woman received her brother’s letters according to the man?

Lesson 1

1. M: This machine has so many buttons. I can’t figure out which one makes it run.

W: You’d better read the instructions first. Pressing the button randomly may cause the

machine to break down.

Q: According to the woman, what should the man do first?

2. M: Has today’s mail arrived? I’m anxious to know about the result of my application. W: I’ve checked the mail-box. There is nothing in it, but a postcard from our daughter. Q: What do we learn from this conversation?

3. M: Was Robert elected to the committee?

W: Yes, in fact he was made chairman. But he only agreed to take the job if they let him have the final say.

Q: What does Robert intend to do?

4. M: Could you help me, Sir? My flight got in fifteen minutes ago. Everyone else has picked

up their luggage, but mine hasn’t come through.

W: I’m sorry, Madam. But I’ll go and find out if there is any more to come.

Q: What’s the woman’s problem?

5. M: Could you give me your office phone number or fax number, so that we can contact each other more often?

W: But I’ve been trying to find a new job in another company. You see, I’ve worked here

for three years without a raise. That’s really unfiar.

Q: Why does the woman complain?

6. M: These watches are outrageously expensive.

W: You think so? You should see the ones in the jewelry store.

Q: What can be inferred from the conversation?

7. M: What we need is a roommate who is neat and considerate.

W: That’s right. Let’s write that in the ad: neatness and consideration a must.

Q: What do the speakers hope to do?

8. M: I’m bored with the same food all the time. Let’s try something different Saturday night. W: How about an Italian place?

Q: What does the man suggest they do?

9. M: I found a perfect book bag but I’m about 20 dollars short.

W: Don’t look for me. I don’t get paid for another week.

Q: What does the man imply?

10. M: Here are two seats.

W: Don’t you think these are too close to the movie screen?

Q: What does the woman imply they should do?

11. M: Is Louise going to join us for a short break?

W: Yes, if she can tear herself away form her studies.

Q: What does the woman imply about Louise?

12. M: Hi, Ann. Where are you rushing off to?

W: I’m on my way to pick up the textbook for American history. I’m in shock. It’s going to be 65 bucks.

Q: What is the woman’s problem?

13. M: I’m away behind in my letter writing. I’ve got to get started.

W: Who’s got time to write letters? Exams are coming up, remember?

Q: What does the man imply the woman should do?

14. M: John, I’m sorry. But I forgot to bring your tape player back.

W: Well, as long as I get it by Friday.

Q: What should the woman do?

15. M: I just saw an ad on television that said men’s suits were on sale today and tomorrow at

Conrad’s menswear.

W: Great! That’s just what I’ve been waiting for.

Q: What will the man probably do? S o n g S o n g S o n g

Lesson 2

Passage 1 A Talk in a National Park

Welcome to Yellowstone National Park. Before we begin our nature walk today, I'd like to give you a short history of our National Park Service. The National Park Service began in the late 1800s. A small group of explorers had just completed a month-long exploration of the region that is now Yellowstone. They gathered around the campfire and after hours of discussion, they decided that they should not claim this land for themselves. They felt it should be accessible to everyone. So they began a campaign to preserve this land for everyone's enjoyment. Two years later, in the late 19th century, an act of Congress, signed by President Ulysses S- Grant, proclaimed the Yellowstone region a public park. It was the first national park in the world. After Yellowstone became a public park, many other areas of great scenic importance were set aside. And in 1916 the National Park Service was established to manage these parks. Today, there are more than 360 parks in the US National Park System and more than 3,600 areas under similar protection around the globe. National parks and other public lands shelter well over half of the plant and animal species in North America. And today more than 80 countries have also established several hundred similar reserves specifically to protect biological diversity. As a park ranger, I am an employee of the National Park Service. In the national park, park rangers are on duty at all times to answer questions and help visitors in any difficulty. Nature walks, guided tours and campfire talks are offered by specially trained staff members. The Park Service also protects the animals and nlants within the parks

Lesson 3

1. M: My headaches are terrible. Maybe I need more sleep.

W: Actually, you need less sun and some aspirin. It would help if you wore a hat.

Q: What does the woman think is the cause of the man’s headaches?

2. M: Mrs. Winter, I need your advice. I want to buy a dress for my wife. Can you tell me where I can get one at a reasonable price?

W: Sure. Go to Richard’s. it has the latest styles and gives a 30% discount to husbands who shop alone.

Q: What do we know about the Richard’s store?

3. M: The headache is killing me. I was hoping it would just go away, but it’s getting worse by the minutes. What did you say the name of your doctor was?

W: I told you last week to make that appointment.

Q: What information does the woman want?

4. M: I have a complaint to make, Sir. I waited ten minutes at the table before the waiter showed up and when I finally got served I found it was not what I ordered.

W: I’m terribly sorry, Madam. It’s been unusually busy tonight. As a compensation, your meal will be free.

Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?

5. M: Have you heard a plane crashed yesterday? It caused 120deaths. I am never at ease when taking a flight.

W: Though we often hear about air crashes and serious casualties, flying is still one of the safest ways to travel.

Q: What do we learn from this conversation?

6. M: Can I get a ride to the office with you tomorrow?

W: Another day would be fine. I’ve got to be downtown for a meeting, first thing in the morning.

Q: How does the woman arrange her time the next morning?

7. M: My brother is coming this weekend, and I thought the three of us could go out to dinner on Saturday night. Any suggestion?

W: It’s up to you. I don’t know the restaurants around here that well.

Q: What are the man and woman talking about? S o n g S o n g S o n g

8. M: Oh, man, something in this room is making my eyes burn. I must be allergic to something.

W: Um. I wonder what it is.

Q: What does the woman want to know?

9. M: Hey, Larry, want to meet a few friends for coffee in a little while?

W: Um, I would if I weren’t so far behind with this reading I am doing for history. Q: What will the man probably do?

10. M: Jennifer is going to the shore again this weekend.

W: Well, she’s always been a beach person.

Q: What can be inferred about Jennifer?

11. M: I’m always late for my morning classes. It’s because of all the traffic out near where I live.

W: Well. You wouldn’t have that problem if you lived on campus.

Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?

12. M: Did you see the diamond ring Bill gave to Linda?

W: I sure did. It must have cost him an arm and a leg.

Q: what does the woman imply about the ring?

13. M: Can I borrow your calculus textbook? I left mine in the classroom, and it was gone when I went back.

W: That happened to me once. I’d almost given up on find it until I checked at Lost and Found at the information desk, downstairs in the lobby.

Q: What does the woman imply the man should do?

14. M: Excuse me, but could you tell me how to get to the Excel Hotel? I thought it was on this corner, but I seem to have made a mistake.

W: Um, I am sorry. Maybe you should trying calling them. There is a phone over there by the candy store.

Q: How can the man find the hotel?

15. M: Why are you leaving so early? The movie won’t start till seven.

W: I want to beat the traffic. It’s a nightmare on the express way during rush hour. Q: Why is the man leaving so early?

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The Double Life of Alfred Bloggs.Listen to the tape and answer the question below: Why did Blogg want a white-collar job?

These days people who do manual work often recieve far more money than people who work in offices.People who work in the offices are frequentely referred to as "white-collar workers",for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work.Such is human nature that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers.This can give rise to curious situations.As it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere corporation .

When he got married ,Alf was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job.He simply told her that he worked for the corporation.Every morning he dressed in a smart black suit.He then changed into overalls and spent the next 8 hours as a dustman.Before returning home at night,he took a shower and changed back into his suit.Alf did this for over 2years,and his fellow dustman kept his secret.Alfer's wife has never discovered that she married a dustman,and she never will,for Alfer has just found another job.He WILL soon be working in an office.He will be earning only half as much as he used to,but he feel that his rise in his status is well worth a losS of money.From now on he will wear a suit all day , and others will call him "Mr.Bloggs",not "Alf".

现在的体力劳动者能比坐办公室的的人挣多很多的钱.在办公室工作的人通常被称为"白领",因为他们总是穿得西装革领地去工作.很多人宁愿放弃很高的薪水来争取白领的席位,这是人的天性.这能够提高人的社会地位,就像发生在曾经是Ellesmere 公司的清洁工的Alfred Bloggs 身上的那样.Alf 结婚的时侯羞于将自己的工作告诉妻子.他只是告诉她,他在一所公司工作.每天早上,他穿着潇洒的黑色套装离开家.然后换成工作服度过接下来作为清洁工的8个小时.晚上回家前,他洗完澡后换回自己的衣服.在Alf 的跟班的保密下,Alf 这样度过了两年多的时间.Alf 的妻子永远不会发现她嫁给了一个清洁工,因为Alf 已经找到了新工作.他很快会坐进办公室工作了.他的薪水将变成曾经的一半,但他认为用钱换来地位的提升很值得.从现在起,他会整天穿着西装.并且,被人称作"Bloggs 先生",而不是"Alf".

Lesson 5

Holidays in Britain and the Us

People in the US get a two-week paled vacation from their job every year. Most British people have four or five weeks paid holiday a year. Americans often complain that two weeks are not enough, especially when they hear about the longer holidays that Europeans enjoy. In addition, there are eight days in each European country, which are public holidays (the British call them Bank Holidays) and many of these fall on a Monday, giving people along weekend. What do people do in Britain and the US when they are on holidays? In the US, outdoor vacations are popular, for example, at the Grand Canyon, Yellowstone or other national parks and forests. Young people may go walking or camping in the mountains. Many people have small trailers in which to travel, or if they have a car, they may stay at motets on the journey, Disneyland and Disneyworld are also popular. In addition, people can go skiing in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado, Wyoming and Montana. Some children go to summer camp for a holiday during the summer vacation from school, where they do special activities, such as sports or crafts. When Americans want a holiday for fun in the sun, they usually go to Florida, Hawaii, Mexico or the Caribbean. They may go to Europe for culture, for example, to see art, plays, and places of historic interest.

In Britain, many people like to go to the seaside for holidays. There are places near the sea, such as Black pool, Scarborough and Bournemouth, where there is plenty to do, even when it rains. People also like to go to the countryside, especially to walk, in places like Scotland, Wales and the Lake District. When the British go abroad they usually want to go somewhere warm. Spain and the Spanish islands of Majorea and Lbiza are popular, as are other places in southern Europe. For skiing, people often go to the Alps. S o n g S o n g S o n g

In many homes, divorce is caused by the ‘battle between the sexes’.to understand the problem, one must remember the mordern American woman is freed. During childhood and adolescence, the American girl is given freedom and education which is equal to a boy’s. after completing school, she is able to get a job and support herself. She doesn’t have to marry for financial security. She considers herself an independent, self-sufficient person. She wants a husband whom she can respect, but she doesn’t want to be dominated by him. She want a democratic household in which she has a voice in making decisions. When a husband and wife are able to share decision making, their marriage is probably closer, stronger, and more satisfying. Otherwise, the couple is likely to wind up in the divorce court.

When a couple gets divorced, the court usually requires the man to pay his former wife a monthly sum of money. If the couple has children,they usually remain with the mother, and the father is expected to pay for their support.

Although divorced is quite common in the united states,80 percent of those who get divorced remarry. The remarriages allow thousands of people, especially children, to enjoy family life again, but at the same time many troubles have arisen. A well-known American joke tells of a wife calling to her second husand,‘Quick, John! Come here and help me! Your children and my children are beating up our children!’

Lesson 7

Thank you very much, Mr. Chairman, ladies and gentlemen. It's my understanding, I'm to speak on San Francisco-China connection. And let's talk for a few minutes about how that China connection took place. San Francisco, geographically portwise, businesswise financially, is America's gateway city to the Pacific-rim nations. And yet we have a port that has been over the past decades steadily going down hill, a port which ten years ago had 60,000 blue-collar jobs, a port which has lost most of its cargo to other areas, a port which last year handled two and a half million short tons of cargo, but has the capacity to handle 5 million short tons of cargo. And so it was with some of these statistics about our city in mind that we looked at what could be done with America’s recognition of the People’s Republic of China.

Also, my first day in office, I had the pleasure of giving the first key to the city to the ambassador of the People’s Republic of China, Ambassador Chai Ci-min, who was visiting San Francisco on his way to Washington. We visited with Ambassador Chai at the embassy in Washington and made known to him our interest in securing for San Francisco one of the consul locations. We pointed out to him that we have the largest number of Chinese anywhere in the world outside of Asia. We pointed out to him that San Francisco was in fact the business and corporate headquarters of the western seaboard. And we pointed out to him our interest in making San Francisco the gateway city to China. And we were very pleased when we learned that we had in effect bumped another city that was under consideration to become one of the two consul locations for the People’s Republic of China, and that, more or less, began our relationship.

S o n g S o n g S o n g

Then I appointed a gateway committee, a committee of a number of San Franciscans in various areas who would work in various endeavors of securing relationships with China, a sister-city committee, a business committee, a trade committee, and so on.

Unlike Americans, Chinese have a different perspective with respect to business. They make friends first, and then they do business with their friends. In America, you do business first, and friendships may or may not arise from those business dealings. And so we thought we would do something which had never been done before. And that is, to put gather a delegation, a mayoress trade delegation, to go to China, a country that has had no relationship with the United States for the past quarter of a century. And we went with the interest of developing a friendship or sister-city relationship with the largest city in the world, the city of Shanghai, a city which is approaching 11 million people, whose port coincidentally ranks with the largest port in the world.

…So we developed a shopping list. And we proceeded to the largest city in the world, Shanghai, where we learned about a really totally different culture, a country that has a very different form of government from our won, a country which has several major endeavors, the largest of which is to industrialize and to open its doors to friends and the people from other continents. And in Shanghai we had a tour of the port of Shanghai. We spent a good deal of time discussing mutual problems, learned their three greatest problems of housing, the housing is very primitive by our standards; pollution, the sky is often loaded with pollutants from industry; and transportation, the largest source of transportation there is the bicycle, which is seen in great numbers, but there is virtually very little public transportation. And you have a city with 10 million people in it, trying to move about and get to work. And we visited children’s palaces and various communes, and that kind of thing. But most of our discussions are centered around the development of what is called a friendship-city relationship. China has no friendship-city relationships with any city in the United States and we very much would like to become the first city.

Lesson 9

The Golden-Gate Bridge joins the beautiful city of San Francisco with its suburbs to the north. Each day about 100 thousand cars cross the bridge, taking people to and from the city. More than half of them cross the bridge during the morning and evening rush hours. And the result, the trip is not pleasant.

Now, however, there is at least one group of happy commuters. These are the people who travel under the bridge instead of on it. They go to work by boat and enjoy it so much that most of them say they will never go by car again.

The boat they take is a large, quiet and comfortable Golden Gate. Commuters can enjoy the sun on the boat. In the morning, they can have breakfast in a coffee shop and in the evening they can have a drink in the bar while they are looking at San Francisco’s famous scene and the nearby hills.

The trip takes only 30 minutes and it's not very expensive. But best of all, being on the boat seems to make people feel more friendly towards each other. Two commuters who met on the Golden Gate have already got married.

Because the boat has been so successful, there are plans to use other, still larger boats. There is also a plan for a high speed boat that will make the trip in only 15 minutes. Not everyone is happy about that. “A lot of people don’t want to get the trip faster,” said one commuter, “they feel that half an hour is just enough time to relax.”

S o n g S o n g S o n g

Unit 1

Warm-up questions:

1. What do you know about the Net economy?

2. Have you ever tried Internet shopping? What do you think of it?

3. How is the Net economy going in our country?

Future of Net Economy

[1] As we have entered the new century, human society is beginning its move from the industrial economy into the knowledge-based economy. In more specific terms, the application of information to the economy is best exemplified in the networking of communication, or the so-called Net economy. This Net refers to the computer network of satellites, optic fibers, cables and telephone lines that connect the whole world. With the click of a mouse, information from the other end of the globe will be transported to your computer screen at the dizzying speed of seven-and-a-half times around the earth per second. Generally, there are two aspects of the Net. One is the networking between businesses and their customers. The other is the networking between individual businesses, or the regional and even global networking between industrial production and scientific research. Internet shopping belongs to the first aspect.

[2] From a long-term perspective, Internet shopping is but a low-level aspect of the Net, and it is not likely to become the most important trend. After all, most merchandise is unsuitable for Internet shopping. Besides, if everyone shops on the Net, what will happen to the hundreds and thousands of shopping malls? Therefore, the second aspect of the Net will be more important. Its significance goes beyond that of connecting businesses. There have been reports of simultaneous consultation of doctors from all over the world on the Internet. These are early examples of high-level networking.

[3] It is estimated that the new interaction between computers and Net technology will have significant influence on the industry of the future. The sheer power of electronic commerce (e-commerce) will change the face of trade dramatically. Sporting goods company Puma was on the verge of bankruptcy back in 1992. From 1993, Puma began to diffuse its production, logistics and marketing divisions to 80 Net enterprises worldwide, and the results were spectacular. Puma was transformed from a sickly feline into a magnificent beast. The reason for this transformation is that intra and inter-business electronic links greatly increase the efficiency of production, planning, the collecting of information and data exchange. As the business is rapidly being rationalized, production figures go up while costs come down.

[4] The development of e-commerce may well bring the world into a brand new era of "electronic currency". With the emergence of a phantom electronic currency, everyone of us would be affected. At the moment, developed areas in Europe, the United States and Asia have already started studying the possibility of an electronic currency. Electronic currency is not only about currency. It refers to an entire finance system on the Net. It includes a virtual numeric currency, an electronic system of withdrawals, transfers and loans, and Smartcards (electronic purses) of all shapes and sizes. The appearance of an electronic currency system implies the emergence of S o n g S o n g S o n g

"virtual banks" and "virtual enterprises". Actually, the rudimentary beginnings of a virtual bank appeared in the US in 1995 as the Security First Network Bank, the world's first Internet bank. Although it is a small and insignificant bank, it represents the trend of the future. In time to come, we may even have to abandon the familiar paper currency.

[5] As the Net pushes the economy ahead rapidly, the economy is also bringing the Net market forward, resulting in the Internet itself becoming the world's largest emerging market. Of course, this is just the beginning. Although there are many companies which made huge profits investing in the Internet market, they tend to be small companies, like Yahoo. To date, most companies are making losses. The Net and e-commerce will foster a large number of free-lancers, and this will affect social structure in a big way. The competition for technological superiority in the era of the knowledge-based economy will also be more intense. This will definitely promote greater (even global) and more efficient cooperation to maintain competitiveness. The highly efficient research and development work conducted on the worldwide Net are best suited for small and medium enterprises to band together and break the monopolies of the "giants".

Exercises

I. Reading comprehension

1. Internet shopping belongs to _______.

A. the networking between individual businesses

B. the regional and global networking between industrial production and scientific research

C. the networking between businesses and their customers

D. the networking between big enterprises and small ones

2. _______ is the more important aspect as to the Net economy.

A. Internet shopping

B. Shopping malls

C. Connecting

D. Simultaneous consultation on the Internet

3. Electronic currency does not include ________.

A. a virtual numeric currency

B. electronic purses

C. an electronic system of withdrawals, transfers and loans

D. paper currency transfer on the Internet

4. The world’s first Internet bank ________.

A. is a small and insignificant one

B. appeared in the developed areas in Europe

C. is an international bank

D. is the First Network Bank

5. According to the author’s opinion, most companies which invest in the Internet market ______.

A. are giant companies

B. are making losses

C. have made huge profits

D. have broken the monopolies

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II. Getting Information

1. What does the Net refer to?

This Net refers to the computer network of satellites, optic fibers, cables and telephone lines that connect the whole world.

2. What is the reason for Puma’s transformation?

The reason for this transformation is that intra and inter-business electronic links greatly increase the efficiency of production, planning, the collecting of information and data exchange.

3. What does electronic currency mean?

It refers to an entire finance system on the Net.

4. What does the appearance of an electronic currency system imply?

It implies the emergence of “virtual banks” and “virtual enterprises”.

5. How can small and medium enterprises break the monopolies of the “giant”?

The highly efficient research and development work conducted on the worldwide Net are best suited for small and medium enterprises to band together and break the monopolies of the “giants”

III. V ocabulary and Structure

emergence perspective medium intense superiority

promote on the verge of to date foster trend

1. Frequent cultural exchange will certainly help foster friendly relations between our two universities.

2. The competition among these companies at the printing market has become very _intense _ in this city.

3. To date , we have not received any replies from them.

4. In this competitive world, it is better for any firm to gain technology superiority .

5. The organization works to _ promote friendship between nations.

6. It is reported that the Far East area is now on the verge of war again.

7. There is an obvious _ trend that young people like less formal clothing.

8. We should look at these events which happened two hundred years ago from their historical perspective.

9. The outstanding businessman agreed that the last decade was favorable for the emergence of new and promising enterprises IT field.

10. The witness proved that the killer of the student was a man of medium height.

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Unit 2

Warm-up questions:

1. Do you have any idea on how to get rich?

2. Have you heard of Bill Gates or any other famous rich persons? Can you give some examples to illustrate how they get rich?

3. What does wealth stand for in your mind?

How the Rich Got Rich - and You Could Too

By Peter Lynch and John Rothchild

[1] Every year Forbes magazine prints The Forbes Four Hundred, a list of the richest individuals in the United States. This issue makes for interesting reading because it tells how these people made their money and, indirectly, how the country has changed over the years.

[2] When Forbes published its first list in 1982, five of the top ten were in the Hunt family that drilled Texas full of holes and hit a lot of gushers, which reminds us of advice attributed to billionaire J. Paul Getty on how to get ahead in the world: rise early, work hard, strike oil. Getty got his big start the old-fashioned way - from father's money.

[3] The original list 14 years ago was crawling with Rockefellers, and Du Ponts, a Frick, a Whitney, Mellon or two - all great family fortunes that stretched back to the 19th century. The word "inheritance" appeared in the biographies 75 times.

[4] These weren't as many old-money fortunes on last year's list - which leads to some conclusions about wealth in America. First, it's not easy to hold on to money, even for billionaires. Taxes put a big dent in family fortunes, and unless the heirs are careful and invest wisely, they can lose their millions as fast as their ancestors made them.

[5] Second, the old ways to riches aren't as dependable as they used to be. Besides the three Du Pont entries, only 43 of the 400 entries on the most recent Forbes list represent people who got there through inheritance. And only 18 in the latest 400 made their fortunes from oil, so Getty's quote no longer rings as true as it once did.

[6] Third, America is still the land of opportunity where smart young people like Bill Gates of Microsoft can end up on top of the list of richest Americans ahead of the Rockefellers, Mellons, Gettys and Carnegies.

[7] Today's Horatio Alger heroes often come from a modest background and rise to the top on pluck, luck and a clear idea of what they want. Just behind Gates on the 1995 list is Warren Buffett, who made over $ 12 billion picking stocks. Buffett could be considered the greatest stocks picker in history. Most of his gains come from stocks in familiar companies you could buy for yourself, such as Coca - Cola, Gillette and the Washington Post Co.

[8] A surprising number of dropouts have made it into the 400. Bill Gates, the Microsoft whiz, left Harvard to tinker with software and developed the operating brain that is installed in nearly every personal computer. Kirk Kerkorian, a junior - high dropout and son of an Armenian immigrant fruit farmer, made millions from Hollywood deals and Las Vegas properties and is now a major Chrysler stockholder. Ted Turner of Turner Broadcasting was booted from Brown University, although he later went back to graduate.

[9] Harry wayne Huizenga, another college dropout, started a trash - hauling business with a beat - up old truck. By the time he was 31, he and his partner, Dean L. Buntrock, had built the S o n g S o n g S o n g

business into the world's largest waste - services company, Waste Management, Inc. Later he turned his attention to a Dallas video - rental store that he built into Blockbuster Video.

[10] However, don't drop out of school because these people did. When they got started in business, it was still possible to land a decent job without a college education. Today it's nearly impossible. Also, every one of them had mastered the basic skills they needed to succeed in business. They didn't drop out to avoid work - they dropped out to start a company or devote themselves to an interest.

[11] In fact, the latest Forbes list is ample proof that there's no end to the ways to make millions these days: disposable cups (Styrofoam), golf clubs(Ping), pizza franchises(Domino's and little Caesar's), rental cars(Enterprise).

[12] Several of these billion - dollar ideas were hatched in basements or garages on shoestring budgets. Hewlett - Packard, the computer giant, came out of $ 538 worth of electronic parts in David Packard's garage. Wal - mart came out of a five - and - dime store in Newport, Ark. Richard De Vos and Jay Van Andel started Amway Corp. in their basements, from which they distributed a biodegradable cleaner they bought from a Detroit chemist.

[13] You may remember F. Scott Fitzgerald's famous line about the very rich: "they are different from you and me." But you couldn't prove it by the Forbes list. It turns out there are all kinds of rich people; short, tall, fat, skinny, good - looking , homely, high IQ, not - so - high IQ, generous and tightfisted.

[14] What's more, it's amazing how many of these people keep their frugal habits after they've made it big. Sam Walton, the Wal - Mart billionaire who died in 1992, continued to drive around in a beat - up Chevy with dog - teeth marks on the steering wheel.

[15] Among The Forbes Four hundred, there are many such stories of self - made millionaires living modestly, avoiding publicity and working long hours even though they can pay the bills without lifting a finger. These people are still doing whatever it was that led to their success. There is a good lesson in this. Find something you enjoy doing, give it everything you've got, and the money will take care of itself.

[16] Eventually, you may reach the point where you can afford to spend the rest of your life at the side of a swimming pool with a drink in your hand, but you probably won't. You'll be having too much fun at the office to stop working.

I. Reading comprehension

1. What can you infer from J. Paul Getty's advice (2nd paragraph0?

A. J. Paul Getty gave the advice when striking oil was popular.

B. J. Paul Getty’s advice is still useful even today.

C. J. Paul Getty’s own success proved his advice.

D. Many people had taken his advice and got rich by striking oil.

2. According to the passage, which statement is NOT true?

A. Not so many people got rich through inheritance as they did in the past.

B. Bill Gates and others dropped out of school because they did not like working.

C. Today it is impossible to get a good job without university education.

D. There are many ways to make fortune these days.

3. Can you guess what does “shoestring budget” mean?

A. A very small amount of capital. S o n g S o n g S o n g

B. A flexible economics.

C. A very difficult situation.

D. A very large sum of money.

4. The author gives the examples of Sam Walton in order to show _________.

A. it is not easy to hold on to money.

B. there are numerous ways to make fortune.

C. the rich is different from you and me.

D. some rich people still keep their frugal habits.

5. What does “self-made millionaires” mean in the passage?

A. It means those who work for themselves without an employer.

B. It means those who are proud of their own efforts.

C. It means those who succeed by their own efforts.

D. It means those who are over-confident that their opinions are correct.

II. Getting information

1. Why is the list of riches individuals interesting?

2. What is the biggest difference between the first list in 1982 and last year’s list?

3. What is the characteristic of today’s rich people?

4. Why did these people drop out of school?

5. What can we infer from the latest Forbes list?

1. Because it tells how these people made their money and, indirectly, how the country has changed over the years.

2. There weren't as many old-money fortunes on last year's list.

3. Today’s rich people often come from modest backgrounds and succeed through their own ways.

4. They dropped out of school to start a business or devoted themselves to doing what they like.

5. We can infer from the latest list that there are many ways to get rich these days.

III. Vocabulary and structure

1. He was wearing a decent suit in the party last week.

A. suitable

B. tight

C. loose

D. tidy

2. Several car manufactures will boot half of their workers because of the economic difficulty.

A. discount

B. dispose

C. dismiss

D. disclose

3. A(n) frugal buyer purchases fruit and vegetables in season.

A. careful

B. clever

C. ignorant

D. economical

4. They had ample funds to cover the cost of the trip.

A. luxious

B. sample

C. sufficient

D. superb

5. Eventually, the case proved to have nothing to do with him.

A. Remarkably

B. Naturally

C. Noticeably

D. Ultimately

6. All living things have certain attributes that are passed on from one generation to the next.

A. cells

B. viruses

C. traits

D. flaws

7. Traffic was moving at a crawl.

A. at a slow pace

B. at an instant moment

C. within a certain distance

D. with a rapid speed S o n g S o n g S o n g

8. The story rings true.

A. tells

B. speaks

C. sounds

D. recounts

9. There has been a modest decrease in house prices this year.

A. little

B. humble

C. simple

D. quiet

10. The country made social and political gains under the new government.

A. rewards

B. progress

C. victories

D. increase

1. dent: (1) A depression in a surface made by pressure or a blow 凹痕

a dent in the side of a car. 在汽车一侧的凹痕

(2) Informal A significant, usually diminishing effect or impression （负面的）重大的影响：明显的、通常逐渐减少的影响或印象

The loss put a dent in the team's confidence. 这失败给全队的信心投下了阴影。

(3) Informal Meaningful progress; headway 进展：有意义的进步；向前的进步

at least made a dent in the work. 至少在这项工作上取得了一点儿进步

vt. (1) 使凹, 使出现凹痕 (2) 削弱

dent sb.'s influence 削弱某人的影响

2. ring: To have a sound or character suggestive of a particular quality 听起来象

a story that rings true 故事听起来像是真实的

3. pluck: n./v. 勇气

He showed a lot of pluck to leave a safe job and set up his own business. 他放弃了一份安定的工作而自己创业，表现出了极大的勇气。

He couldn't pluck up enough courage to ask her to go out with him. 他不能鼓起足够的勇气请她一起外出。

I shall have to pluck up courage and speak to her about it. 我得鼓起勇气跟她谈这件事. He can't pluck up the courage to leave home. 他鼓不起离开家的勇气.

4. whiz: One who has remarkable skill 家, 奇才

a whiz at all sorts of games 各种游戏的能手

a whiz at mathematics 数学能手[专家]

5. boot: v. 踢[赶]出; 轰走; [俚]解雇(out)

He has been quietly booted out as chief. 他己被悄悄地免掉主任的职务。

n. [the boot][俚]解雇

They gave him the boot for coming late. 他们因他迟到而开除了他。

6. haul: pull with effort or force 托运

They hauled the boat up the beach. 他们把船拖上岸。

After a good day's fishing they hauled in the nets and went home. 他们捕了一天的鱼, 收起鱼网满载而归。

7. hatch: think out and produce (a plot) 策划（计谋）

hatch a plot 暗中搞阴谋

hatch an assassination plot 密谋暗杀计划

8. franchise: Authorization granted to someone to sell or distribute a company's goods or services in a certain area 特许经营权

He runs his sandwich chain as a franchise operation. 作为一种给予特许专营权业务，他经营三明治连锁店。

That fast food business has expanded through the sale of franchise. 该快餐店通过出售联营S o n g S o n g S o n g

经销权而扩大了生意。

9. shoestring: n./adj. A small sum of money; capital that is barely adequate 小额资本

a company that started on a shoestring 以小本经营开始的公司

a shoestring budget 金额极小的预算

on a shoestring [美口]以极少的资金或不用资金

I've been living on a shoestring since my mother stopped sending me money. 我的母亲停止给我寄钱之后，我的日子过得非常寒酸。

He started his business on a shoestring. It took a lot of hard work and clever planning to build up it up to where it is today. 他的公司是小本经营开办起来的，经过不少的艰苦劳动和苦心规划，才发展到今天这个样子。

10. frugal: adj. 节俭的

I had a frugal meal of bread and cheese last night. 我昨晚吃了只有面包和奶酪的便餐。 They lived a very frugal existence, avoiding all luxuries. 他们生活非常俭朴，力避奢侈。 As far as oil energy is concerned, we cannot be too frugal. 就石油能源而言，我们愈节省愈好。

11. make for: contribute to, lead to 有利于，有助于

Cultural exchanges make for mutual understanding.

12. attribute: consider as coming from 把…归因于，归咎于

They attribute their success to their teacher's encouragement. 他们把成功归因于老师的鼓励。 This play is usually attributed to Shakespeare. 这个剧本通常认为是莎士比亚作的。

13. go ahead: 开始, 前进, 领先

The building of the new bridge will go ahead as planned. 新桥的修建将按计划进行。 The government intends to go ahead with its privatization plans. 政府拟推行私有化计划。 Tom is going ahead of me in class. I cannot catch him up. 汤姆在班上超过了我，我赶不上他。

14. crawl with: be full of, covered with 爬满了, 满是

The ground was crawling with ants. 地上满是蚂蚁。

15. stretch back to: 回忆，回想

His memory stretches back to his early childhood. 他回想起自己的童年。

16. hold on to: keep one’s grip on 抓住，掌握

He held on tight to the rope and began inching down the cliff. 他紧紧抓住绳子，开始慢慢地滑下峭壁。

The teacher said that if we believed something was true and good we should hold on to it. 老师说，假如我们认为某事是真而且善，就应该加以坚持。

17. tinker with: 胡乱地修补

Don't tinker with my camera. 别乱动我的照相机。

Please don't tinker with my car engine. 请不要乱弄我的汽车发动机。

17. make it: (1) to be successful 成功

He finally made it as an actor. 他最后成了一名成功的演员。

(2) <口>达到预定目标, 及时抵达, 走完路程, (病痛等)好转

The train goes at10.15. I think we shall make it. 火车10点1刻开，我想我们能赶上。

With the strong wind he couldn’t make it down the slippery cliff in the darkness. 风刮得很大，黑暗中他不能从很滑的悬崖上面下来。

18. hit: (1) Informal To come upon or discover, especially by chance 尤指偶然遇到或发现 finally hit the right exit 最终找到了正确的出口 S o n g S o n g S o n g

(2) Informal To attain or reach 获取或达到

n. 成功

The record was a big hit and sold a million copies. 这张唱片非常成功，卖了一百万张。

19. land: Informal To win; secure 获得；获取

land a big contract 签了一笔大合同

20. decent: 有分寸的,得体的, 相当好的

It was decent of her to help the homeless. 她帮助无家可归的人，真是可敬。

He dreamed of living in decent conditions. 他梦想着过体面的生活。

He's done the decent thing and resigned. 他做了件体面的事, 辞职了.

The hospital has no decent equipment. 这家医院没有像样的设备.

That dress isn't decent. 那件连衣裙不够体面.

The lack of decent public transport is a great disadvantage. 没有适当的公共交通工具是很不方便的。

S o n g S o n g S o n g

IV . Translation

1. 今晚她很可能给我打电话。(likely)

2. 我看不懂这篇文章。(beyond)

3. 新刷的一层油漆可使房间焕然一新。(transform)

4. 做事不先考虑总会导致失败。(result in)

5. 他估计那项工作需要三个月。(estimate)

6. 我们相信这项协议将会积极地促进两国之间的贸易。(promote)

7. 新机场必将推动这个地区的旅游业。(push ahead)

8. 网络经济将对人们的生活产生重要的影响。(have significant influence on)

9. 在昨天的会议上，他提出了一个新的经济发展计划。(bring forward)

10. 到目前为止，他们还没有找到遇难的渔船。(to date, wrecked)

1. She is very likely to ring me tonight.

2. Understanding this article is beyond my capacity.

3. A fresh coat of paint can transform a room.

4. Acting before thinking always results in failure.

5. He estimated that the work would take three months.

6. We believe that this agreement will positively promote the trade between our two countries.

7. The new airport will certainly push ahead the tourism in the region.

8. Net economy will have significant influence on people’s life.

9. At yesterday’s meeting, he brought forward a new plan for the economic development.

10. To date, they haven’t found the wrecked fishing boat.

IV. Translation

1. 文化交流有助于相互理解。(make for)

2. 当三家公司都决定要她的时候，她知道自己已经成功了。(make it)

3. 这个男孩抓住那矮树，直到有人爬下悬崖去救他。(hold on to)

4. 经济学家认为没有进步的原因是合作不好。(attribute to)

5. 在那时，没有受过大学教育就能找到一个体面的工作还是可能的。(decent)

6. 前院布满了保安人员。(crawl with)

7. 我已经听说了你们两个正在策划的那个大阴谋。(hatch)

8. 他的回答听起来总是很正确。(ring)

9. 令人吃惊的是他炒股发了财。(pick stock)

10．这些人仍然在做着使他们成功的各种事情。(lead to)

1. Cultural exchanges make for mutual understanding.

2. When three companies wanted to hire her, she knew that she had made it.

3. The boy held on to the bush until someone climbed down the cliff to rescue him.

4. Economists attributed the lack of progress to poor cooperation.

5. At that time, it was still possible to land a decent job without a college education.

6. The forecourt was crawling with security men.

7. I’ve heard about the grand plot that you two are hatching.

8. His answers often ring true.

9. It is surprising that he made a fortune by picking stocks.

10. These people are still doing whatever it was / all kinds of things that led to their success. S o n g S o n g S o n g

研究生学术英语听力答案

第一章 1. What is an academic topic? ---A topic studied in schools by university professors and by scholars, around which a discipline and a body of literture have grown up. 2. What does research mean? ---Reading and study of various kinds of evidence, mainly but not exclusively drawn from written materials. 3. What kinds of materials may research be based on? ---Printed materials, written materials that are not printed, spoken materials, visual materials, and digital documents from the Internet. 4. What does “operating in a scholarly way” mean? ---Building new knowledge by analyzing and learning from what others have done and adding fresh insights to it. 5. What is the length of a typical research paper? ---10-15 double-spaced pages / 3000-5000 words. 第二章 1. What are the four elements discussed in the lecture? ---Subject, topic, question and thesis. 2. Which is supposed to be more specific, a subject or a topic? ---A topic. 3. What is an appropriate topic characterized by? ---It can be covered adequately and interestingly in just 10-15 pages. 4. Why was Lincoln able to win the election of 1860? ---Because of his ambiguous position on slavery/By not taking a very firm or clear stand on slavery. 5. What is the function of the thesis of a research paper? ---The thesis states what you want to say about the topic－your conclusion based on your research and thought. 6.How do you judge whether a topic is appropriate or not? ---It can be covered adequately and interestingly in just 10-15 pages. 第三章 1. What is a good topic? A good topic: ? is not merely a narrative, ? is not too broad, ? is not too narrow, ? has research sources, ? has not been overdone, and ? interests you. 2. What is a good working thesis? A good working thesis: ? can be stated in a single clear sentence, ? is a positive, non-obvious statement, and ? can be tested through research. 3.What kind of thesis is a good working thesis? ·It can be stated in a single clear sentence. ·It is a positive,non-obvious statement ,and ·It can be tested through research. 第四章 1. What is plagiarism? ---A kind of theft. 2. What does the word “publishing” mean according to the professor? ---Something printed in book/magazine form or anything posted on the Internet. 3. What are the four different types of plagiarism? ? Buying, borrowing, or reusing a paper. ? Claiming as your own a piece of writing from a published source. ? Quoting words, sentences, paragraphs, or pages from another writer’s work without giving that writer credit. ? Copying another writer’s sequence of ideas without giving that writer credit. 4. What transitional words does the professor use to introduce the four different types of plagiarism? ---First, next, also, finally. 5. What will you teacher or advisor do when you commit plagiarism? You teacher or your advisor will refuse to write a letter of recommendation. 6.what does the speaker mean when he explains the point “citing sources in a scholarly fashion”? Following standard rules and procedures to explain where you found the facts and ideas you are borrowing. 7.What does “publishing” also refer to? “Publishing” also refers to the act of posting an item on the Internet. 第五章 1. What is common knowledge? ? Information that you and your friends all know. ? Any information that could be easily obtained from many sources and that is not open to dispute or varying interpretations. (also) 2. What is a fact? ---An event in the real world that practically everyone can point to and agree on. 3. What is an opinion or interpretation? ---A personal spin (remark), attitude, or feeling to the real- world event, which not everyone will agree on.

学术英语_医学__光盘__听力原文

UNIT 1 Welcome to Insidermedicine In Depth. I'm Dr. Susan Sharma. Focusing time and energy on the most personally meaningful aspects of their work may help physicians avoid burnout, according to a survey published in the Archives of Internal Medicine. Here are some consequences of physician burnout, published in the Annals of Internal Medicine: ?Increased risk for substance abuse ?Damage to personal relationships, and ?Increased risk for developing inappropriate prescribing patterns Researchers from the Mayo Clinic in Rochester surveyed over 550 physicians in the department of internal medicine at a large academic medical center. The survey included questions about job satisfaction, emotional well-being, and the aspects of the jobs that were the most meaningful. As many as 34% of respondents met the criteria for burnout, including emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a low sense of personal accomplishment. The 88% who said they spent at least 20% of their working time on activities they found to be the most meaningful had about half the burnout rate of those who did not. Today's research highlights the need to optimize career fit among physicians in order to reduce burnout rates. For Insidermedicine In Depth, I'm Dr. Susan Sharma.1 UNIT 2 So I work in marketing, which I love, but my first passion was physics, a passion brought to me by a wonderful school teacher, when I had a little less gray hair. So he taught me that physics is cool because it teaches us so much about the world around us. Tonight I'm going to spend the next few minutes trying to convince you that physics can teach us something about marketing. So, quick show of hands —Who studied some marketing in university? (Show of hands.) Who studied some physics in university? (Show of hands.) Ooh, pretty good. And at school? (Show of hands.) Okay, lots of you. So, hopefully this will bring back some happy, or possibly some slightly disturbing memories. (Laughter.) So, physics and marketing: We'll start with something very simple, Newton's law: "The force equals mass times acceleration." This is something that perhaps Turkish Airlines should have studied a bit more carefully (Laughter.) before they ran this campaign. (Laughter.) But if we rearrange this formula quickly, we can get to acceleration equals force over mass, which means that for a larger particle, a larger mass, it requires more force to change its direction. It's the same with brands. The more massive a brand, the more baggage it has, the more force is needed to change its positioning. And that's one of the reasons why Arthur Andersen chose to launch Accenture rather than try to persuade the world that Andersen's could stand for something other than accountancy. It explains why Hoover found it very difficult to persuade the world that it was more than vacuum cleaners, (Laughter.) and why companies like Unilever and P&G keep brands separate, like Oreo and Pringles and Dove, rather than having one giant parent brand. So the physics is (that) the bigger the mass of an object, the more force is needed to change its direction. The marketing is, the bigger a brand, the more difficult (it) is to reposition it. So think about a portfolio of brands or maybe new brands for new ventures. Now, who remembers Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle? Getting a little more technical now. So this says that it's impossible, by definition, to measure exactly the state, i.e., the position, and the

初中英语课文朗读

初中英语诗歌朗诵稿（1）： looking up at the stars, i know quite well 仰望群星的时分，我一清二楚，that, for all they care, i can go to hell, 尽管它们关怀备至，我亦有可能赴地府， but on earth indifference is the least 可是尘世间我们丝毫不必畏惧 we have to dread from man or beast. 人类或禽兽的那份冷漠。 how should we like it were stars to burn 倘若群星燃烧着关怀我们的激情，with a passion for us we could not return? 我们却无法回报，我们作何感想？ if equal affection cannot be, 倘若无法产生同样的感情， let the more loving one be me. 让我成为更有爱心的人。 admirer as i think i am 尽管我自视为群星的崇拜者， of stars that do not give a damn, 它们满不在乎， i cannot, now i see them ,say 现在我看群星，我却难以启齿， i missed one terribly all day. 说我成天思念一颗星星。 were all stars to disappear or die 倘若所有的星星消失或者消亡， i should learn to look at an empty sky 我应该学会仰望空荡的天空， and feel its total dark sublime, 同时感受天空一片漆黑的崇高， though this might take me a little time. 虽然这样可能要花费一点时间。

初中英语必背课文word版本

1Where’s my backpack? Dear Feifei, Please take these things to your sister: her hat, watch, notebook, keys and ID card. The hat is on the dresser. The watch is under the bed. The note book is on the bed. The keys are in the drawer. The ID card is on the table. Thanks Grandma 2Do you have a soccer ball? A: Let’s play soccer. B: I don’t have a soccer ball. A: Well, let’s play volleyball. B: That sounds good. 3Do you like bananas? Runner eats well! Runner star Sandra Clark eats lots of healthy food. For breakfast, she likes eggs, bananas, and apples. For lunch, she likes hamburgers, salad, and pears. And for dinner, she has chicken, tomatoes, French fries and, for dessert, ice cream. 1

4How much are these pants? Clerk: Can I help you? Mary: Yes, please. I want a sweater. Clerk: What color do you want? Mary: Blue. Clerk: Here you are. Mary: How much is it? Clerk: 20 dollars. Mary: I’ll take it. Thanks. Clerk: You’re welcome. 5Do you want to go to a movie? I often go to the movies with my friend, Mike. My favorite actor is Paul Jackson. He has a new movie, My Father’s Birthday. It’s a very funny comedy. Mike likes the actor Rich Smith. He really likes his movie, Black September. It’s a ver y successful thriller, but I think it’s boring. One interesting thing: mike is English, but he likes Beijing Opera! He often goes to see Beijing Opera on weekends. Mike’s father likes it, too! 2

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Passages for Reading 1. Smoking It is known to all that smoking is bad for health. Scientific research show that smoking can lead to heart disease, cancer and other problem. The World Health Organization says diseases linked to smoking kill at least two million five-hundred-thousand persons each year. Still, many people find it difficult to stop smoking. One reason is that smoking usually becomes a habitual behavior, and habits, whether good or bad are not easy to be given up. Another reason is the effect of nicotine, the substance found in cigarettes works on people somewhat as drugs do. Measures have been taken to help people keep away from the harm of smoking. In many cities, smoking is forbidden in public places. The danger of smoking is warned of everywhere. And newspapers are asked not to publish advertisements for cigarettes. World "No Tobacco Day" is observed every year as the biggest campaign against smoking. 2. My First Job Before I started at university, I took my first job as a waitress in a nice restaurant. At the night before my first day, I was too excited to go to sleep and as a result, I got up late in the morning. I threw on my clothes and rushed over to the restaurant. In a great hurry, I didn't hear clearly the head waiter's instruction that we should go into the kitchen through one door and out from the other. So when I took two plates of eggs and bacon and an orange juice out to the restaurant, I went straight towards the wrong door and collided with another waiter coming in! Worst of all was that I wore a pair of smart shoes but with high heels! A few hours later I was in agony yet had no time to change them. By the time we finished serving dinner at about 10:30 I was completely exhausted. Nevertheless, I learnt something through my experience. 3. Money Money is what everybody desires. It can be used to buy food, clothes, books, bicycle, furniture and many other things people need or want. Money is considered by many people as the most important thing in life. With money, they can go wherever they please and do whatever they want. With money, they can buy a fine house to live in, fashionable clothes to put on, and a nice bicycle to ride. And with money, they can employ attendants to serve them. In a word, money can make people comfortable and bring them happiness. However, money is also the source of all crimes and brings them misery. Since money is so tempting, quite a few people are attracted by it and begin to go astray. By hook or by crook, they try to make money. To get more money, they gamble, swindle, steal, rob or do many other evil things, for "money makes the mare go". As a result, money leads them to jail or even to the execution grounds. Of course money is useful and desirable, yet we should make money in proper way and spend

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Unit 1 Presenting a Speech Road Building Good morning, everyone. Today I'l l be talking about the relationship between road building and the development of the American economy during the 18th century. About 300 years ago, the United States' economy was growing rapidly, mainly because of a booming trade in two important agricultural products: grain and cotton. Grain output in the eastern part of America increased quickly at that time due to the rapidly growing population and the large number of immigrants from Europe. As a result, the demand for grain almost doubled. For this reason, the trade in grain first developed in this part of the country. At the same time, the road system was gradually built up in order to transport the grain from the rural areas to various cities. The road building clearly helped develop the economy quickly in these areas and in the cities as well. During the same period, farmers in the South could get a large amount of laborers from Africa, and they started to grow cotton. As the cotton output increased, the farmers needed to sell it in other places. As a result, many roads were built to link the rural areas to the cities. At first, this trade of grain and cotton took place along the coast, or near rivers and lakes. It took place there because it was easy and cheap to transport goods from one place to another. Before 1700, it was very expensive to move the goods by road.

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学术综合英语听力原文学术综合英语听力材料导读:就爱阅读网友为您分享以下“学术综合英语听力材 料”资讯，希望对您有所帮助，感谢您对https://www.wendangku.net/doc/fc2083060.html,的支持! Comprehensive Academic English For Graduates 新编研究生英语系列教材 学术综合英语 Comprehensive Academic English For Graduates 听力材料 罗立胜 Comprehensive Academic English For Graduates 上海外语教育出版社 Comprehensive Academic English For Graduates 1 目录 Unit 1 Presenting a Speech ............................................................. (1) Road Building ........................................................... (1) The Mississippi River in America ............................................................ .. (1)

Unit 2 Energy Conservation ....................................................... .. (2) An Eyewitness to Changes in China .............................................................. .. (2) Talk with ―Harry Potter‖ –Daniel Radcliffe Answers Questions form Fans (4) Unit 3 Traffic ............................................................ . (5) 2 Driving While on a Cell Phone Worse Than Driving While Drunk (5) Quake Kills at Least 300 on Indonesian Island ............................................................. .. (6) Unit 4 Social Behavior ........................................................... .. (7) The Men’s Movement: What Does It Mean to Be a Man? (7) Husbands and Wives: a Caller form

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初中英语朗诵美文 美文的阅读与欣赏对于中学生人文素质的提升具有不可忽视的作用。整理了初中英语美文，欢迎阅读! Catch the star that holds your destiny, the one that forever twinkles within your heart. 当生命中的那颗星在你内心闪耀的时候，要学会把握它。 Take advantage of precious opportunities while they still sparkle before you. 在宝贵的机遇闪现面前的时候，要学会好好把握它。 Always believe that your ultimate goal is attainable as long as you commit yourself to it. 永远相信只要自己持之以恒，就一定能够实现自己心中的梦想。 Though barriers may sometimes stand in the way of your dreams, remember that your destinyis hiding behind them. 尽管通往梦想的道路上总有坎坷，你需要记住的是，你的命运就隐藏在那困难背后。 Accept the fact that not everyone is going to approve of the choices you've made. 学会接受这样的事实：不是每一个人都赞同你的选择。

Have faith in your judgment. 你要坚定自己的判断走下去。 Catch the star that twinkles in your heart and it will lead you to your destiny's path. 捕捉住那颗在你内心闪耀的星吧，它将引领你抵达自己的命运之路。 Follow that pathway and uncover the sweet sunrises that await you. 沿那条路走下去，你就会发现那属于自己的美丽日出。 Take pride in your accomplishments, as they are stepping stones to your dreams. 为自己的成绩自豪，因为它们是你通往梦想的阶梯。 Understand that you may make mistakes, but don't let them discourage you. 要知道你自己也会犯错误，但是可别因此而气馁。 Value your capabilities and talents for they are what you truly unique. 正确评价自己的能力，是它们令你与众不同。 The greatest gifts in life are not purchased, but acquired through hard work anddetermination. 生活里最丰厚的礼物不是买来的，而是通过艰苦的努力和决心获得的。

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1.M: You call Mike a dreamer, but I think he’s got a lot of ideas. W: Good ideas are only useful if you make something out of them. Q: Why does the woman think that Mike is a dreamer? 2.M: Hello, Susan. Could you please meet Mr. James at the airport? His flight is BA 553 from London. He should arrive at about 10 o’clock. Mr. James is in his late fifties, average height and has short, curly, gray hair. His meeting with the Sales Department is at 4:00. Thank you. W: Sure, no problem. Q: What does the man mean? 3.M: Hello, I’m a senior student. Could you tell me whether this reference room is only for faculty members? W: No, it’s also open to the postgraduates; and undergraduates can come too if they’ve got professors’ written permission.

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UNIT1 Welcome to Insidermedicine In Depth.I'm Dr.Susan Sharma. Focusing time and energy on the most personally meaningful aspects of their work may h elp physicians avoid burnout,according to a survey published in the Archives of Inter nal Medicine.Here are some consequences of physician burnout,published in the Annal s of Internal Medicine: ?Increased risk for substance abuse ?Damage to personal relationships,and ?Increased risk for developing inappropriate prescribing patterns Researchers from the Mayo Clinic in Rochester surveyed over550physicians in the depa rtment of internal medicine at a large academic medical center.The survey included qu estions about job satisfaction,emotional well-being,and the aspects of the jobs tha t were the most meaningful. As many as34%of respondents met the criteria for burnout,including emotional exhaus tion,depersonalization,and a low sense of personal accomplishment.The88%who said they spent at least20%of their working time on activities they found to be the most me aningful had about half the burnout rate of those who did not. Today's research highlights the need to optimize career fit among physicians in order to reduce burnout rates. For Insidermedicine In Depth,I'm Dr.Susan Sharma. 欢迎Depth.I到Insidermedicine已年Dr.Susan Sharma. Focusing时间和精力放在自己的工作中最有意义的个人方面可帮助医生避免倦怠，根据发表在内科Medicine.Here档案馆的调查是一些后果医生的职业倦怠，发表在内科医学年鉴：?物质滥用风险增加 ?损害个人的关系 ?开发不当处方模式的风险增加 在罗切斯特的梅奥诊所的研究人员在一个大的学术医疗市中心的调查调查了550医生在内科的部门包括有关工作满意度的问题，情感幸福，那是最有意义的工作的各个方面。多达34％的受访者达到了标准倦怠，包括情绪耗竭，人格解体和个人accomplishment. The感低88％表示，他们谁花了他们的工作时间至少有20％的活动，他们认为是最有意义的有那些谁没有的一半燃尽率。 今天的研究突出了需要优化，以减少职业倦怠率职业生涯契合的医生之一。 UNIT4 You know that old adage that laughter is the best medicine.Well,studies have long sho wn that laughter can have a positive effect both physically and emotionally.In South Korea,a nation more used to keeping its emotions in check,at least one hospital is en