《元史·张孔孙传》阅读训练及答案译文

《元史·张孔孙传》阅读训练及答案译文

张孔孙，字梦符，其先出辽之乌若部，为金人所并，遂迁隆安。父之纯，为东平万户府参议，夜梦谒孔子庙，得赐嘉果，已而孔孙生，因丐名于衍圣公，遂名今名。廉希宪居政府，辟为掾。及安童为相，尤礼重之，授户部员外郎，出为南京总管府判官。

时方议下襄樊，朝廷急用兵，孔孙谓：“今以越境私贩坐罪者，动以千数，宜开自新之条，俾得效战赎死。”朝论采之。佥四川道提刑按察司事，寻升湖北道提刑按察副使。行部巴陵，有囚三百人将死，因怒龚乙建言兴银利，发其坟墓而烧其家，烧死者三人。有司以真图财杀人坐之，孔孙原其情，减罪。迁浙西提刑按察副使，改同知保定路总管府事，俄拜侍御史，行御史台事。

至元二十二年，安童复入相，言于帝曰：“阿合马专政十年亲故迎合者往往骤进据显位

独刘宣张孔孙二人恬守故常终始如一”乃除宣吏部尚书，孔孙礼部侍郎。寻升孔孙礼部

．．尚书，擢燕南提刑按察使。二十八年，提刑按察司改肃政廉访司，仍为使，莅治于大名，一以所没赃籴粟五千斛赈饥民。拜佥河南江北行中书省事。亡何，除大名路总管，兼府尹，大兴学校。有献故河堤三百余里于太后者，即上章，谓宜悉还细民，从之。召还，拜集贤大学士、中奉大夫，商议中书省事。

会地震，诏间弭灾之道，孔孙条对八事，其略曰：蛮夷诸国，不可穷兵远讨；滥官放谴，不可复加任用；赏善罚恶，不可数赐赦宥；献鬻宝货，不可不为禁绝；供佛无益，不可虚费

财用；上下豪侈，不可不从俭约；官冗吏繁，不可不为裁减；太庙

．．神主，不可不备祭享。帝

悉嘉纳之，赐钞五千贯。又累疏言：“凡七十致仕

．．者，宜加一官；丁忧服阕

．．者，宜待起复；宿卫之冒滥者，必当革；州郡之职，必当遴选，久任达鲁花赤，宜量加迁转；又宜增给官吏俸禄；修建京师庙学，设国子生徒，给赐曲阜孔庙洒扫户；相位宜参用儒臣，不可专任文吏；故相安童、伯颜、和礼霍孙与廉希宪等，各宜赠谥。”久之，请老还家，拜翰林学士承旨、资善大夫，致仕，集贤大学士如故。大德十一年卒，年七十有五。

（节选自《元史》，有删改）

10. 下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句，正确的一项是

A. 阿合马专政/十年亲故迎合者/往往骤进/据显位/独刘宣张孔孙二人/恬守故常/终始如一/

B. 阿合马专政十年/亲故迎合者/往往骤进/据显位/独刘宣张孔孙二人恬守/故常终始如一/

C. 阿合马专政十年/亲故迎合者/往往骤进/据显位/独刘宣张孔孙二人/恬守故常/终始

英语阅读理解带翻译10篇精选

英语阅读理解带翻译10篇精选 英语阅读理解带翻译10篇：给予 Like most people, I was brought up to look upon life as a process of getting. It was not until in my late thirties that I made this important discovery： giving-away makes life so much more exciting. You need not worry if you lack money. This is how I experimented with giving-away. If an idea for improving the window display of a neighborhood store flashes to me, I step in and make the suggestion to the storekeeper. One discovery I made about giving-away is that it is almost impossible to give away anything in this world without getting something back, though the return often comes in an unexpected form. One Sunday morning the local post office delivered an important special delivery letter to my home, though it was addressed to me at my office. I wrote the postmaster a note of appreciation. More than a year later I needed a post-office box for a new business I was starting. I was told at the window that there were no boxes left, and that my name would have to go on a long waiting list. As I was about to leave, the postmaster appeared in the doorway. He had overheard our conversation. “Wasn’t it you that wrote us that letter a year ago about delivering a special delivery to your home?” I said yes. “Well, you certainly are going to have a box in this post office if we have to make one for you. You don’t know what a letter like that means to us. We usually get nothing but complaints.” 像绝大部分人，我长大看待生命是一个过程获得。直到我在30月底，我作出这个重要发现：给予，距离使我们的生活如此更令人兴奋的。您不必担心如果缺乏资金。这是我尝试让-消失。如果一个主意，

【高考必备】2015年新课标卷1阅读理解D篇原文及译文

【1】Conflict is on the menu tonight at the café La Chope. This evening, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France’s favorite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings. It isn’t always easy. They customers-some thirty Parisians who pay just under $$2 (plus drinks) per session-care quick to intellectualize (高谈阔论)，slow to open up and connect. “You are forbidden to say ‘one feels,’or‘people think’,”Lehane told them. “Say‘I think,’‘Think me’.” 【2】A café society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn’t seem more un-French. But Lehanne’s psychology café is about more than knowing oneself: It’s trying to help the city’s troubled neighborhood cafes. Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle- longer working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generation’s desire to spend more time at home. Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening. 32.What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope? A. Learn a new subject B. Keep in touch with friends. C. Show off their knowledge. D. Express their true feelings. 33. How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes? A. They are less frequently visited. B. They stay open for longer hours. C. They have bigger night crowds. D. They start to serve fast food. 34. What are theme cafes expected to do?

英语阅读理解及翻译

1.A strange thing happens to nearly everybody at night(英语阅读理解) A strange thing happens to nearly everybody at night. They turn off the lights, pull up the covers and close their eyes. Six or seven sleeping hours later, they wake up again. Strange, isn't it? 一个奇怪的事情发生在几乎每个人身上，并且都在晚上。他们关上灯，拉上了窗帘和闭上他们的眼睛。六或七小时的睡眠后，他们再次醒来。奇怪，不是吗？ Sleep is a great puzzle. Scientists and doctors would like to talk about why one can't fall asleep. They are not so sure what causes sleep. 睡眠是一个伟大的谜。科学家和医生谈谈为什么不能入睡。他们不知道什么是睡眠的原因。 You will sleep best both when you are in good health and when you don't eat too much or too little. No worries and a comfortable place to sleep are important, too.你会睡得最好当你身体健康时，你不要吃太多或太少。不用担心，一个舒适的睡眠环境是重要的。 Strange things happen during sleep. For example, you often move. You would feel tired ever if you didn't move. You also dream. Part of your brain is still awake when you dream. Dreaming happens when the memory and imagination parts of your brain are still awake. 奇怪的事情发生在睡眠期间。例如，你经常搬家。你会觉得累，如果你没有动。你也做梦。你大脑的一部分仍然是清醒的时候，您也做梦。做梦时发生的记忆和想象的部分你的大脑仍然清醒。 Don't worry if you dream. Some great stories and poems were finished while the writers were dreaming. 别担心，如果你有梦想。一些伟大的故事和诗歌的作家会完成梦想。 根据短文内容,判断下列句子正(T)、误( F) 。 1. A strange thing happens to only someone at night.T 2. Scientists and doctors are both sure what causes people's sleep.F 3. When you are in good health, you can sleep very well at night.T 4. The writer means that some dreams are good for people.T 5. If you eat too much or too little before sleep, you won't sleep well.T 2. At the Barber's Shop 在理发店 Jack went to a barber's shop and had his hair cut, but when he came out, he 杰克去一家理发店剪了头发，但是当他出来时，他 was not happy with the result. When his friend Bob saw him, he laughed 是不满意的结果。当他的朋友鲍波看到他时，他笑了 and said, "What has happened to your hair,Jack?" 说，“你的头发怎么了，杰克？” Jack said, "I tried a new barber's shop today, because I wasn't quite satisfied 杰克说，“我今天尝试了新的理发店，因为我不是很满意 with my old one, but this one seems even worse." 旧的，但是这一次似乎更差。” Bob agreed. "Yes, I think you're right, Jack. Now I'll tell you what 他同意了。”是的，我想你是对的，杰克。现在我要告诉你 to do when you go into a barber's shop next time: look at all the barber's hair, 做的时候，你走进一家理发店下时间：看所有理发师的头发， find out whose hair looks worst, and then go straight to him."

古诗张纲传翻译赏析

古诗张纲传翻译赏析 文言文《张纲传》选自高中文言文大全，其古诗原文如下：【原文】张纲少明经学，虽为公子，而厉布衣之节，举孝廉不就，司徒辟为侍御史。时顺帝委纵宦官，有识危心。纲常慨然叹曰：“秽恶满朝，不能奋身出命扫国家之难，虽生，吾不愿也。”汉安元年，选遣八使徇行风俗，皆耆儒知名，多历显位，唯纲年少，官次最微。余人受命之部，而纲独埋其车轮于洛阳都亭，曰：“豺狼当路，安问狐狸!”帝虽知纲言直，终不忍用。时，广陵贼张婴等众数万人，杀刺史、二千石，寇乱扬、徐间，积十余年，朝廷不能讨。以纲为广陵太守。前遣郡守，率多求兵马，纲独请单车之职。既到，乃将吏卒十余人，径造婴垒，以慰安之，求得与长老相见，申示国恩。婴初大惊，既见纲诚信，乃出拜谒。纲延置上坐，问所疾苦。乃譬之曰：“前后二千石多肆贪暴，故致公等怀愤相聚。二千石信有罪矣，然为之者又非义也。今主上仁圣，欲以文德服叛，故遣太守，思以爵禄相荣，不愿以刑罚相加，今诚转祸为福之时也。若闻义不服，天子赫然震怒，大兵云合，岂不危乎?若不料强弱，非明也；充善取恶，非智也；去顺效逆，非忠也；身绝血嗣，非孝也；背正从邪，非直也；见义不为，非勇也；六者成败之几，利害所从，公其深计之。”婴深感悟，明日，将所部万余人与妻子面缚归降。纲乃单车入婴垒，散遣部众，任从所之；子弟欲为吏者，皆引召之。人情悦服，南州晏然。天子嘉美，征欲擢用纲，而婴等上书乞留，乃许之。纲在郡一年，年四十六

卒。百姓老幼相携，诣府赴哀者不可胜数。张婴等五百余人制服行丧，负土成坟。张纲单骑诣贼垒，谕张婴而降之，言弭盗者侈为美谈。然纲卒未几，婴复据郡以反，纲何尝能弭东南之盗哉!民行为盗，无以自容，使游泳于非逆非顺之交，翱翔而终思矫翮；抑且宠而荣之，望其悔过自惩而不萌异志，岂能得哉?张纲者，以缓一时之祸，而不暇为国谋也，何足效哉! 【翻译】张纲年轻时就通晓经学，虽然是官宦家庭的公子，却磨砺布衣的节操，被举荐孝廉，他却不赴命，后来被司徒任命为侍御史。当时顺帝纵容宦官，有识之士都恐惧担心。张纲慨然感叹：“污秽丑恶之人聚满了朝廷，如果不能挺身而出献出生命，为国家扫除灾难，即使活着，也是我所不愿意的。”汉安元年，朝廷选派八位使者巡视各地的风气民情，使者大多是年老而德高的儒者和知名人士，大多先后担任要职，只有张纲年纪轻，官位低。其他人都奉命到位，只有张纲却在洛阳都亭停车不行，说：“豺狼一般暴虐奸邪的人当政，怎么还要查问那些像狐狸一样奸佞狡猾的坏人!”皇帝虽然明白张纲说话直率，但最终还是不愿意重用他。 当时，广陵的张婴等人率领数万人反叛，他们杀了刺史、太守，在扬州、徐州一带作乱已经有十多年，朝廷却一直不能讨伐征服他们。于是，派张纲担任广陵太守。先前派遣的郡守，大多向朝廷要求很多的兵马，唯独张纲却请求轻车简行赴命任职。到任以后，就率领差吏兵卒十多人，径直造访张婴营垒，安抚慰问，要求与头目会见，表明国家的恩惠。张婴起初非常吃惊，见到张纲的诚信后，才出来拜见。张纲请他坐在上座，询问疾苦。劝导他说：“前任太守大多肆虐贪婪残

初三英语阅读理解带翻译

初三英语阅读理解带翻译 （一） Little Tom down the street calls our dog "The keep dog".Zip is a sheep dog. But when Tom tries to say" Seep", it comes out "keep". And in a way Tom is right. Zip is always bringing things hoem for us to keep! I'll tell you about some of them. Zip's first present was a shoe. It was made of green silk. We didn't know how Zip found the shoe. But after a moment Mary, my big sister, told me the shoe had a strange smell. I nodded(点头)and held my nose. "What do you think it is?" "It smells like something for cleaning. I think someone tried to clean a spot (污点) off the shoe. Then he put it at the door to dry." "Along came Zip. And good-bye shoe!" I said."We should take it back." "We can't ".said my sistter. "Maybe little Tom is right," Mary said. "Maybe Zip is a keep dog!" 1.The writer and Mary didn't know______. A.what Zip's first present was B.how Zip carried its first present home C.who owned Zip's first present D.what Zip's first present was made of

大学英语A4必考阅读理解及翻译#(精选.)

1 Romantic love is one of the most enticing topics around. Just about every movie, TV show, and country-music song contains some element of romance. For many, romantic relationships are by far the most important in their lives. 浪漫的爱情是最迷人的一个话题。几乎所有的电影，电视节目，音乐和乡村音乐歌曲包含一些爱情元素。对许多人来说，浪漫关系是迄今为止在他们的生活中最重要的。 As a society, we long for intimacy. We grow up believing that if we "just meet the right person" we will be happy. This message is popularized by modern media. It is perhaps one of the most destructive messages around. Quentin Crisp says: "The consuming desire of most human beings is to deliberately plant their whole life in the hands of some other person. I would describe this method of searching for happiness as immature ..." 作为一个社会，我们长期的亲密。我们相信如果我们“仅仅满足人的权利”，我们会很高兴的。这个消息是由现代媒体推广。这也许是最具破坏性的消息。昆廷说：“脆的大多数人的消费欲望是故意的种植他们的整个生活在另一个人的手。我会形容这种方法寻找幸福是不成熟的……” When we feel unhappy it is natural to start searching for the cause of our distress. There is nothing wrong with this, but it becomes a problem when we start searching outside of ourselves. We are taught that 当我们不开心的时候很自然地开始寻找我们的痛苦的原因。这没有错，但它成为一个问题，当我们开始搜索以外的自己。我们都知道 if we are happily "coupled" we won't have problems. It is therefore natural to blame our partner for our "aloneness." The consequences of this belief are enormously self-destructive. 如果我们是快乐的“耦合”我们不会有问题。责怪我们的“孤独的伙伴是很自然的。”这一信念的后果是巨大的自我毁灭。 Romantic love is exciting, but what happens when the romance wears off? Experts estimate that romantic sexual attractions last only 18 months to two years. Using love or sex as a drug will only prevent us from

英语阅读理解带翻译篇

英语阅读理解带翻译10篇：给予Like most people, I was brought up to look upon life as a process of getting. It was not until in my late thirties that I made this important discovery: giving-away makes life so much more exciting. You need not worry if you lack money. This is how I experimented with giving-away. If an idea for improving the window display of a neighborhood store flashes to me, I step in and make the suggestion to the storekeeper. One discovery I made about giving-away is that it is almost impossible to give away anything in this world without getting something back, though the return often comes in an unexpected form. One Sunday morning the local post office delivered an important special delivery letter to my home, though it was addressed to me at my office. I wrote the postmaster a note of appreciation. More than a year later I needed a post-office box for a new business I was starting. I was told at the window that there were no boxes left, and that my name would have to go on a long waiting list. As I was about to leave, the postmaster appeared in the doorway. He had overheard our conversation. “Wasn’t it you that wrote us that letter a year ago about delivering a special delivery to your home?”I said yes. “Well, you certainly are going to have a box in this post office if we have to make one for you. You don’t know what a letter like that means to us. We usually get nothing but complaints.” 像大多数人，我长大看待生命是一个过程获得。直到我在30月底，我作出这一重要发现：给予，距离使我们的生活如此更令人兴奋的。您不必担心如果缺乏资金。这是我尝试让-消失。如果一个主意，可以改善窗口显示一个闪烁附近商店给我，我的步骤，并提出上述建议的仓库保管员。一发现我付出，离开是，它几乎是不可能放弃任何在这个世界上，没有得到回报，尽管返回往往在一个意想不到的形式。一个星期天上午，当地邮局作了重要特别

边城节选阅读理解答案

边城节选阅读理解答案 张元，字孝始，是河北芮城人。下面是整理的关于《张元传(节选)》阅读题目及其参考答案，希望对大家有帮助。 《张元传(节选)》阅读原文张元，字孝始，河北芮城人也。祖成，假平阳郡守。父延俊，仕州郡，累为功曹主簿。并以纯至为乡里所推。元性谦谨，有孝行，微涉经史，然精修释典①。年六岁，其祖以其夏中热，欲将元就井浴。元固不肯从，谓其贪戏，乃以杖击其头曰：汝何为不肯浴?元对曰：衣以盖形，为覆其亵。元不能亵露其体于白日之下。祖异而舍之。 南邻有二杏树，杏熟多落元园中。诸小儿竞取而食之。元所得者，送还其主。树陌有狗子为人所弃者，元即收而养之。其叔父怒曰：何用此为!将欲更弃之。元对曰：有生之类，莫不重其性命。若天生天杀，自然之理。今为人所弃而死，非其道也。若见而不收养，无仁心也。是以收而养之。叔父感其言，遂许焉。未几，乃有狗母衔一死兔置元前而去。 (节选自《周书》) 注：①释典，佛教的经典。 《张元传(节选)》阅读题目（一）10.解释下列加点词的含义。(2分) ①汝何为不肯浴 ( ) ②是以收而养之( )

11.用现代汉语翻译下面的句子。(3分) (1)叔父感其言，遂许焉。 译文： (2)元不能亵露其体于白日之下。 译文： 12.请用简要的语言概括张元所做的三件事，然后结合张元所做的事对这个人作简要评价。(3分) 《张元传(节选)》阅读答案（一）10. ①为什么②因此 11.(1)叔父被他的话感动了，于是就同意他收养这条小狗。 (2)我不能猥亵裸露自己的身体在阳光之下。或张元我不能随便把自己的身体暴露在阳光之下。(关键词语译出，语句通顺，大意正确方可得满分3分) 12.不在阳光下洗澡(有羞耻之心);送还捡到的杏(拾金不昧不贪小利)收养遗弃的狗(有仁爱之心)(各1分，共3分) 《张元传(节选)》阅读题目(二) 1.解释下列句中划线字。(4分) (1)元固不肯从( ) (2) 祖谓其贪戏( ) (3)诸小儿竞取而食之( ) (4)遂许焉( ) 2.下列各句中的以与其祖以夏中热甚中的以用法相同

英语四级真题阅读理解(带翻译)

Passage1 Reading leadership literature, you’d sometimes think that everyone has the potential to be an effective leader. 读领导文学，你有时会认为每个人都有可能成为一个有效的领导者。 I don’t believe that to be true. In fact, I see way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck in positions of leadership who arc sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own abilities. 我不相信这是真的。事实上，我认为真正有效的领导者的方式比我看到的人都陷在领导的职位上，遗憾的是他们自己的能力不称职，严重误导了他们。 Part of the reason this happens is a lack of honest self-assessment by those who aspire to（追求）leadership in the first place. 对产生这种现象的原因一部分是由那些渴望缺乏诚实的自我评估（追求）放在首位的领导 We've all met the type of individual who simply must take charge. Whether it's a decision-making session, a basketball game, or a family outing, they can't help grabbing the lead dog position and clinging on to it for dear life. They believe they're natural born leaders. 我们都遇到了个人的类型，他们必须负责。无论是决策会议，篮球比赛，还是家庭外出，他们都不能不抓住领导的狗的地位，并紧紧抓住它，因为亲爱的生命。他们相信他们是天生的领袖。 Truth is, they're nothing of the sort. True leaders don't assume that it's their divine（神圣的）right to take charge every time two or more people get together. Quite the opposite. A great leader will assess each situation on its merits, and will only take charge when their position, the situation, and/or the needs of the moment demand it. 事实是，他们没有什么样的。真正的领导者不认为这是他们的神圣（神圣的）负责每次两个或两个以上的人在一起吧。恰恰相反。一个伟大的领导者会对每一个情况进行评估，并在他们的位置、情况和/或需要的情况下，只会负责。 Many business executives confuse leadership with action. They believe that constant motion somehow generates leadership as a byproduct. Faced with any situation that can’t be solved by the sheer force of activity, they generate a dust cloud of impatience. Their one leadership tool is

英语阅读理解带翻译10篇精选参考

英语阅读理解带翻译10篇精选参考英语阅读理解带翻译10篇：给予 Like most people, I was brought up to look upon life as a process of getting. It was not until in my late thirties that I made this important discovery： giving-away makes life so much more exciting. You need not worry if you lack money. This is how I experimented with giving-away. If an idea for improving the window display of a neighborhood store flashes to me, I step in and make the suggestion to the storekeeper. One discovery I made about giving-away is that it is almost impossible to give away anything in this world without getting something back, though the return often comes in an unexpected form. One Sunday morning the local post office delivered an important special delivery letter to my home, though it was addressed to me at my office. I wrote the postmaster a note of appreciation. More than a year later I needed a post-office box for a new business I was starting. I was told at the window that there were no boxes left, and that my name would have to go on a long waiting list. As I was about to leave, the postmaster appeared in the doorway. He had overheard our conversation. “Wasn’t it you that wrote us that letter a year ago about delivering a special delivery to your home?” I said yes. “Well, you certainly are going to have a box in this post office if we have to make one for you. You don’t know what a letter like that means to us. We usually get nothing but complaints.” 像绝大部分人，我长大看待生命是一个过程获得。直到我在30月底，我作出这个重要发现：给予，距离使我们的生活如此更令人兴奋的。您不必担心如果缺乏资金。这是我尝试让-消失。如果一个主意，

江革传文言文翻译

江革传文言文翻译 导读：江革传原文 江革字休映，济阳考城人也。革幼而聪敏，六岁便解属文。九岁丁父艰，与弟观同生，少孤贫，自相训勖，读书精力不倦。十六丧母，以孝闻。服阕，与观俱诣太学，补国子生，举高第。齐吏部谢朓雅相钦重。朓尝宿卫，还过候革，时大雪，见革弊絮单席，而耽学不倦，乃脱所著襦，并手割半毡与革充卧具而去。 除少府卿，出为镇北豫章王长史，随府王镇彭城。城既失守，革素不便马，乃泛舟而还，途经下邳，遂为魏人所执。魏徐州刺史元延明闻革才名，厚加接待。革称患脚不拜，延明将加害焉，见革辞色严正，更相敬重。延明令革作祭彭祖文，革辞以囚执既久，无复心思。延明逼之逾苦，将加棰扑。革厉色而言曰：“江革行年六十，不能杀身报主，今日得死为幸，誓不为人执笔。”延明知不可屈，乃止，日拾脱粟三升，仅余性命。值魏主请中山王元略反北，乃放革还朝。 时武陵王在东州，颇自骄纵，上召革面敕曰：“武陵王年少，臧盾性弱，不能匡正，欲以卿代为行事。”乃除武陵王长史、会稽郡丞。革门生故吏，家多在东州，闻革应至，并赍持缘道迎候。革曰：“我通不受饷，不容独当故人筐篚。”至镇，惟资公俸，食不兼味。郡境殷广，辞讼日数百，革分判辨析，曾无疑滞。功必赏，过必罚，民安吏畏，百城震恐。府王惮之，遂雅相钦重。将还，民皆恋惜之，赠遗无所受。送故依旧订舫，革并不纳，惟乘台所给一舸。舸艚偏欹，不

得安卧。或谓革日：“船既不平，济江甚险，当移徙重物，以迮轻艚。”革既无物，乃于西陵岸取石十余片以实之。其清贫如此。 征入为度支尚书。时尚书令何敬容掌选，序用多非其人。革性强直，每至朝宴，恒有褒贬，以此为权势所疾，乃谢病还家。大同元年卒。革历官八府长史，四王行事，傍无姬侍，家徒壁立，世以此高之。(节选自《梁书列传第三十》) 江革传译文 江革，字休映，是济阳考城人。江革自幼聪明敏捷，六岁便能写文章。九岁时父亲去世，与弟江观孪生，年少孤苦贫穷，兄弟互相勉励，读书精力充沛毫不疲倦。十六岁时母亲又去世，因服丧有孝行而闻名。服丧期满后，与江观一起前往太学，补为国子生，并在考核中取得优秀的次第成绩。齐朝吏部谢朓十分钦佩器重他。谢朓曾在宫中宿卫，回来时去探望江革，当时下着大雪，看见江革穿着破旧的棉衣，铺着一层坐席，却沉迷于学习不知疲倦，便脱下所穿短袄(给江革披上)，并亲手把毡子割下一半给江革充当卧具，然后才离开。 江革被授予少府卿，出任镇北豫章王长史，并随府王镇守彭城。彭城失守后，江革因一向不熟习骑马，就乘船而回，途经下邳时，竟被魏人俘获。魏朝徐州刺史元延明听说过江革的才名，对他厚加接待。江革称患有脚病不向他施礼参拜，元延明想要加害他，见江革辞色严正，就更加敬重他。元延明让江革写祭彭祖的`文章，江革以被囚禁的时间太久，没有心思写作为由推辞。于是元延明逼他更加厉害，将

2010年至2016年考研阅读理解真题及翻译答案

2016年英语考研真题及答案 Par`t A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points) Text 1 France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that” incite excessive thinness”by promoting extreme dieting. Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starring themselves to health –as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape –measure they must use to determine their individual worth. The bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman (and many men )that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty .And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques . The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mess could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison. The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement. In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age, health, and other characteristics of