高中直接引语和间接引语详解与习题

直接引语和间接引语详解与习题

一、直接引语和间接引语的定义

1. 直接引语：别人直接说的话，一般直接放在引号内。如：

(1) My mother told me, “You should finish your homework first, then you can play with your friends.”

(2) Our teacher said, “Class is over, we should have a rest.”

2. 间接引语：用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内。上面两个例句变成间接引语应该是：

(1) My mother told me that I should finish my homework first and then I could go out and play with my friends.

(2) Our teacher said class was over and we should have a rest.

二、直接引语与间接引语的变化

直接引语变成间接引语时，由于引述动词（said，told等）一般都是过去时形式，因此间接引语中的动词时态、人称代词、限定词、时间状语、地点状语等一般都要做相应的变化。有下面几种情况：

1. 现在时间推移到过去时间

所谓现在时间推移到过去时间指一般现在时变为一般过去时，现在进行时变成过去进行时，现在完成时变成过去完成时。例如：

She said, “I am hungry.” → She said (that) she was hungry.

Vince said, “I have found what’s wrong with the computer.” → Vince said he had found what was wrong with the computer.

在下列场合，尽管陈述动词为过去时形式，间接引语中的动词时态却不必改变，即：(1) 当引述的是客观事实、科学真理、现在习惯工作以及格言等内容时：

He said, “The word ‘laser’ is an acronym(首字母缩略词).” → He said the word ‘laser’ is an acronym.

(2) 当动词所表示的状态或动作在引述时仍在继续时：

“I’m forty,” he said. → He sai d he is forty.

(3) 当谓语动词包含无过去时形式的情态助动词时：

He said, “It must be pretty late. I really must go.” → He said it must be pretty late, and he really must go.

He said, “You mustn’t smoke in the room.”→ He said I mustn’t smoke in the room.

2. 过去时间推移到过去的过去

这里需要注意以下几点：

(1) 当强调动作或状态先于引述动词时，一般过去时要变成过去完成体。例如：

He said, “I didn’t know you.” → He said he hadn’t known me.

当“过去的过去”已经不言自明，或者通过其他词汇手段予以体现，或者侧重于强调所转述的事实本身时，一般过去时形式可以不变。例如：

Ann said, “She was born in 1981.” → Ann said she was born in 1981.

(2) 过去进行时可以变成过去完成进行时，也可以不变。例如：

Robert said, “I was joking with Mary.”

→ Robert said he had been joking with Mary.

Robert said he was joking with Mary.

(3) 过去完成时仍为过去完成时，不需改变。例如：

He said, “We hadn’t returned to the store when she came.”

→ He said they hadn’t returned to the store wh en she came.

(4) 时间状语分句中的一般过去式或者过去进行时可以不变。例如：

John said, “When I lived in London I often saw Jane.”

→ John said when he lived in London he had often seen Jane.

3. 将来时间推移到过去将来时间

最常见的是把表示将来时间的助动词由现在时形式变为过去时形式。例如：

He said, “We’re spending next weekend at home.”

→ He said they were spending the next weekend at home.

They said, “We’re going to Hawaii this summer vacation.”

→ They said they were going to Hawaii that summer vacation.

但是，在引述时，如果原话中的动作或者状态属于尚未到来的将来时间，那么，可以不推移到过去将来时间。例如：

He said, “I’ll be waiting for you tomorrow.” → He said he will be waiting for me tomorrow.

4. 人称代词、限定词、时间状语、地点状语的变化

由上面的例子可以看出，当直接引语变成间接引语时，除动词时态变化外，人称代词、限定词、时间状语、地点状语等通常也作相应的变化。

(1) 人称代词，除引述本人原话外，通常第一、二人称变为第三人称，或者第二人称变为第一人称；限定词也作相应的变化。例如：

He said, “We love our country.” → He said the y love their county.

(2) 指示代词this，these分别变成that/it，those/they或them；指示限定词this，those 通常变为that，those或the。例如：

“This house is very expensive,” she said. → She said that house was very expensive.

(3) 时间状语在间接引语中的变化有三种情况：

a. 时间状语和动词时态两者都变。例如：

He said, “It was completes a year ago.” → He said it had been completed a year before.

b. 时间状语不变，动词时态可变可不变。例如：

She said, “We left Paris at 8 a.m.”

→ She said they had left Paris at 8 a.m.

She said they left Paris at 8 a.m.

c. 时间状语变与不变需视具体情况而定，如果引述时间和说话时间（如同一年、同一月、同一天等），时间状语可不变。例如：

Mr. Black said, “We started learning Chinese last month.”

→ Mr. Black said they had started learning Chinese last month. （同一月引述）

→ Mr. Black said they had started learning Chinese the previous month. （可在同一月引述，也可不在同一月引述）

直接引语间接引语

today that day

this morning/afternoon that morning/afternoon

yesterday the day before, the previous day

(the) day before yesterday two days before

tomorrow the next day, the following day

(the) day after tomorrow two days after, in two days’ time

next week/month the next week/month

last week/month the week/month before

now then

(4) 地点状语here通常变为there；但若说话人所在地也就是引述人所在地，可仍用here，也可用具体地点代替here。例如：

She said, “I first met your brother here.” → She said she first met my brother there.“Are the children here?” Father asked. → Father asked whether the children were here.

三、直接引语和间接引语正误例析

1. “Speak English more often in and out of class,” our English teacher said to us. Our English teacher suggested us to speak English more often in and out of class.

(误)

Our English teacher told /asked us to speak English more often in and out of class. (正)

Our English teacher suggested that we (should)speak English more often in and out of class. (正)

简析：直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据语气需要使用ask, tell, order等动词，其句型是：ask/tell/order someone to do sth.，但是suggest不能接不定式作宾补，只能接-ing形式或从句(从句用虚拟语气)作宾语。

2. “Don’t play football on the street, little boys,” the policeman said.

The policeman told the little boys did not play football on the street. (误)

The policeman told the little boys not to play football on the street. (正)

简析：如果直接引语是祈使句的否定式，变为间接引语时,要将其改为不定式的否定形式作宾补，不定式的否定形式是在不定式前面加not，而不是加do not, does not, did not等。

3. “Would you please do me the favor to carry the box upstairs?” the young woman said to me.

The young woman ordered me to carry the box upstairs for her. (误)

The young woman asked me to carry the box upstairs for her. (正)

简析：直接引语是一些表示请求、建议的疑问句，变为间接引语时，也变为不定式作宾语补足语。需要注意的是应根据原句的语气选用恰当的动词。因为此处原来的疑问句用的是很客气的语气，改写后不宜用order。

4. “You clean the classroom after class today, Tom,” said the monitor.

The monitor said that Tom cleaned the classroom after class that day.(误)

The monitor told Tom to clean the classroom after class that day. (正)

简析：一般而言，祈使句是以动词原形开头的，但是如果说话人有意强调动作执行者，也可以在句首加上主语。我们在将其变为间接引语时不能将带有主语的祈使句与陈述句混淆起来。

5. “It’s a fine day. Let’s go to the country for a picnic,” Peter said to me.

Peter told me that it was a fine day and let us go to the country for a picnic. (误) Peter said that it was a fine day and asked me to go to the country for a picnic with him. (正)

简析：当直接引语中有多种句子形式如陈述句、祈使句、疑问句等时，我们就要用不同的方式将各种句子进行转述。因为原句中直接引语前面部分是陈述句，故变为由that引导的宾语从句，后面部分是祈使句所以变为不定式作宾补。

直接引语变间接引语的技巧

一、如何变人称;

下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如：

She said. "My brother wants to go with me." →She said her brother wanted to

go with her.

“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。

也可以用第一人称，如：

He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?" →He asked Kate how her sister was

then。

“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：

Mr. Smith said: "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr. Smith said Jac k was a good

worker。

二、如何变时态：

直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。

现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如：

1) She said. "I have lost a pen." →She said she had lost a pen.

2) She said. "We hope so." →She said they hoped so.

3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his friend。

但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。

①直接引语是客观真理。

"The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the

moon moves around the earth。

②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：

Jack said. “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?” →Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。

③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时时态不变。如：

Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 20, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born

on April 20, 1980。

④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时

态不变。如：

He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every

morning。

⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to，had better, used to)

和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如：

Peter said. "You had better come have today。" →Peter said I had better go

there that day。

三、如何变状语：

直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规则，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yesterday变为the day before）地点状语，尤其表示方向性的，或用指

示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that),如：

He said, "These books are mine." →He said those books were his.

四、如何变句型：

①直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：She said, "Our bus will arrive in five minutes." →She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.

②直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：He said, "Can you swim, John?" →He asked John if he could swim.

"You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?" my mother asked. →My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.

"Do you go to school by bus or by bike?" →He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.

③直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。

She asked me, "When do they have their dinner?"→ She asked me when they had their dinner.

④直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为"tell(ask, order, beg等) sb.(not) to do sth."句型。如：

"Don’t make any noise," she said to the children. →She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise.

"Bring me a cup of tea, please," said she. →She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.

⑤直接引语如果是以“Let‘s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词（或从句）。”如：He said, " Let’s go to the film." →He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film.

引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。例如：

John said, "I’m going to London with my father." 约翰说："我要和父亲到伦敦去。"（引号内是直接引语）

John said that he was going to London with his father. 约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。（宾语从句是间接引语）

由直接引语变为间接引语，分以下情况：

1、直接引语是陈述句时

间接引语为that引导的宾语从句（口语中that可以省略），主句的引述动词主要say ,tell, repeat, explain, think等。

He said, "You are younger than I.” He said (that) I was y ounger than him.

2、直接引语是疑问句时

间接引语为陈述语序：主句的谓语动词say 改为ask,或改为wonder, do not know,want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。

（1）一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句。

She said, "Do you often come here to read newspapers?"

→She asked me if (或whether)I often went there to read newspapers.

She asked me, "You have seen the film, haven’t you?"

→She asked me whether(或if )I had seen the film.

（2）选择疑问句变为whether….or 宾语从句。

I asked him, "Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?"

→I asked him whether he would st ay at home or go to a film that night.

(3)特殊疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。

He asked, "Where do you live?" →He asked me where I lived.

3、直接引语是祈使句时

间接引语为不定式，作ask , tell, beg, order, warn, advise等动词的宾语补足语（don’t 变为not ）.

The teacher said to the boy, "Open the windo w." →The teacher told the boy to open the window.

His father said to him, “Don’t leave the door open.” →His father told him not to leave the door open.

[注意]

（1）有些表示建议、提议、劝告或要求的祈使句，可以用suggest ,insist等动词加以转述。例如：He said, "Let’s go to the theatre." →He s uggested (our )going to the theatre.或He suggested that we(should) go to the theatre.

(2) "Would you mind opening the window?" he asked. →He asked me to open the window.

"Why don’t you take a walk after supper?" he asked. →he advised me to take a walk after supper.

"Shall we listen to the music?" he asked. →He suggested listening to the music. 4、直接引语是感叹句时

间接引语为what 或how 引导，也可以用that 引导。

She said, "What a lovely day it is !" →She said what a lovely day it was .或She said that it was a lovely day.

5、如果主句谓语动词为各种现在时或一般将来时，则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态。如果主句谓语动词为过去时，间接引语中的动词时态按下列变化：

（1）一般现在时变为一般过去时

（2）现在进行时变为过去进行时

（3）一般将来时变为过去将来时

（4）现在完成时变为过去完成时

（5）一般过去时变为过去完成时

（6）过去完成时不变，仍为过去完成时

[注意]

（1）如果直接引语是表示客观真理时，变为间接引语，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如：The teacher said "The earth goes round the sun." →The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.

（2）如果直接引语中有明确表示过时间的状语，变为间接引语时，一般过去时不改为过去完成时。如：He said to me, "I was born in 1973." →He told me that he was born in 1973.

(3)如果直接引语所述事实在当时和目前同样生效，变为间接宾语时，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如：He said, "I’m a boy, not a girl." →He said that he is a boy,not a girl.

(4)如果直接引语中的谓语动词表示一种反复出现或习惯动作，在变为间接引时，一般现在时不改为一般过去时。如：The girl said, "I get up at six every morning."

→The girl said that she gets up at six every morning.

(5)如果直接引语中含有since, when, while 引导的表示过去时间的状语从句，在变为间接引语时，只改变主句中的谓语动词，从句的一般过去时则不变。如：

He said to me, "I have taught English since he came here."

→He told me that he had taught English since he came here.

(6)如果直接引语中含有情态动词must, need, had better以及情态动词的过去式could, might, should, would,在变为间接引语时，这些情态动词没有时态的改变。例如：

The teacher said to me . "You must pay more attention to your pronunciation."

→The teacher told me that I must (have to ) pay more attention to my pronunciation.

He said , "I could swim when I was only six ."

→He said that he could sw im when he was only six.

6.代词等一般地应作用相应的变化。

指示代词this ---that these--- those

表示时间的词now --- then today--- that day

this week(month ,etc) ----that week (month ,etc)

yesterday ----the day before

last week(month) --- the week(month) before

three days(a year)ago---three days(a year)before

tomorrow ----the next (following ) day

next week(month)--the next(following)week(month)

表地点的词here --there

动词bring -- take come –go

直接引语变间接引语的用法及讲解

定义：直接引语：直接引用别人的原话，并在原话前后加引号。

例：He said:" It is too late."

间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，多数以宾语从句的形式构成。

例：He said it was too late.

直接引语与间接引语相互转化时应注意的问题

第一：人称的变化。

主语为第一人称的直接引语，变间接引语时，人称要做相应调整。

例如：直接引语She said:" I am hungry." 间接引语She said she was hungry.

直接引语Mum said to me:" You must clean your bedroom by yourself."

间接引语Mum told me that I had to clean my bedroom by myself.

第二：时态变化

直接引语变间接引语时，间接引语的时态要与主句的时态一致。其规律如下图。

注意：1.直接引语为客观真理时，间接引语时态不变，仍用一般现在时。

例如：Teacher told us:" The moon moves round the earth."

Teacher told us the moon moves round the earth.

2.直接引语为一般过去时并且与具体时间状语连用时，间接引语仍用一般过去时。

例如：She said:" I went to England in 1998." She said she went to England in 1998.

3.主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的时候，间接引语时态不变。

He says:" I bought you a book yesterday."

He says that he bought me a book yesterday.

第三：指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化。

第四：句式上的变化

1.陈述句变间接引语时，用that连接。

如：She said:" I am a girl." She said that she was a girl. (that可以省略)

2.一般疑问句，选择疑问句和反意疑问句变间接引语时，要用陈述语气，并要加连词if或whether。例如：She asked me:" Are you Mr. Li?" She asked me if I was Mr. Li. She asked us: "Do you want to go on a picnic?"

She asked us if we wanted to go on a picnic.

3.特殊疑问句变间接引语要用特殊疑问词引导。

例如："How much have we spent on petrol this year," Susan asked her husband.

Susan asked her husband how much they had spent on petrol that year.

4.祈使句变间接引语，一改二变三加四去。

一改：said (to) 改为asked或told, ordered等

二变：said to 的宾语或呼语变为asked等的宾语

三加：即在动词原形前加to，使成为动词不定式

四去：去掉please

例：He said to her:" Don't take the book away."

He asked her not take the book away.

5.感叹句变为间接引语

"What awful weather it is!" she said. -She complained about the awful weather. "What a bright girl you are." He said to me.

He praised me that I was a bright girl.

直接引语变间接引语练习题

I. 将下列句子变为间接引语

1. “You should be more careful next time,” his father said to him.

2. Mr. Wang said, “I will leave for Shanghai on business next month, children.”

3. “I haven’t heard from my parents these days,” said Mary.

4. The geography teacher said to us, “The moon moves around the earth and the earth goes round

the sun.”

5. She said to him, “It’s time that you left here.”

6. Zhang Hong said to me, “Doctor Wang passed away in 1948.”

7. John said to his paren ts, “I had learned 500 Chinese words by the end of last term.”

8. The history teacher said to them, “The Chinese Communist Party was founded on July 1st, 1921.”

9. He said, “Are you a student?”

10. “Have you anything interesting I can read, George?” she sa id.

11. “She’s here to ask for help, isn’t she?” he asked.

12. “Where are you going?” the father asked his son.

13. “Are you sorry for what you have done?” the mother asked the naughty boy.

14. She said, “Did you meet this man at the station two hours ago,Mr. Li?”

15. “Write your names on your papers first,” the teacher said to us.

16. “Please come here again tomorrow,” her friend said to her.

17. “Let me pack the parcel for you,” he said.

18. “Don’t make so much noise in class, boys and girls,” said the t eacher.

19. “What a lovely day it is!”

20. “Happy New Year to you!” he said.

II. 把下列句子变为直接引语

1. I told him that I had lost my money and that I would find it.

2. She asked whether I would be free the next day or not.

3. I asked her where she was going and what she was going to do the next day.

4. His father told him not to climb that high tree in his new coat.

5. The stranger asked me what my name was.

6. She said that she would finish her work the next day.

7. The teacher asked if we could do it.

8. The commander ordered his men not to cross the river before dawn.

9. My teacher asked whether he was coming.

10. The scientist asked me what I was doing.

参考答案：

I. 将下列句子变为间接引语

1. His father told him that he should be more careful the next time.

2. Mr. Wang told the children that he would leave for Shanghai on business the next month.

3. Mary said that she hadn’t heard from her parents those days.

4. The geography teacher told us that the moon moves around the earth and the earth goes round

the sun.

5. She told him that it was time that he left there.

6. Zhang Hong told me that Doctor Wang passed away in 1948.

7. John told his parents that he had learned 500 Chinese words by the end of last term.

8. The history teacher told them that the Chinese Communist Party was founded on July 1st, 1921.

9. He asked whether I was a student.

10. She asked George if he had anything interesting she could read.

11. He asked whether she was there to ask for help or not.

12. The father asked his son where he was going.

13. The mother asked the naughty boy if he was sorry for what he had done.

14. She asked Mr. Li whether he had met that man at the station two hours before.

15. The teacher told us to write our names on our papers first.

16. Her friend asked her to go there again the next/ following day.

7. He offered to pack the parcel for me.

18. The teacher told the boys and girls not to make so much noise in class.

19. He/ She exclaimed that it was really a lovely day.

20. He wished me a Happy New Year.

I. 把下列句子变为直接引语

1. I said to hi m, “I have lost my money. I will find it.”

2. She asked, “You will be free tomorrow, won’t you?”

3. I asked her, “Where are you going and what are you going to do tomorrow?”

4. His father said, “Don’t climb this high tree in your new coat.”

5. The stranger asked, “What’s your name?”

6. “I’ll finish my work tomorrow,” she said.

7. The teacher asked, “Can you do it?”

8. The commander ordered his men, “Don’t cross the river before dawn.”

9. My teacher asked, “Is he coming?”

10. The scientist asked me, “What are you doing?”

直接引语变间接引语练习题

二将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词：

1. “I never eat meat.” he said.

He said that ______ never ______ meat.

2. “I’ve found my wallet.” he said to me.

He ______ me that he ______ ______ ______ wallet.

3. “I took it home with me.” she said.

She said that ______ ______ _______ it home with her.

4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west.

5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me.

He ______ me that he ______ met the day ______.

6. “You must come here before five.” he said.

He said that I ______ to go ______ before five.

7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said.

He said that he _______ bought the house 10 years _______.

8. “Did you see her last week?” he said.

He ______ ______ I had seen her the week _______.

9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”

He ______ Jim that he ______ sit there

10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”

He asked her mother ______ ______ ______ found it.

11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.

He asked me _______ _______ _______been _______ days.

12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.

He asked ______ ______ knew where she ______.

13. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said.

He ______ the children ______ ______ making so much noise.

14. “Don’t tell him the news.” she said.

She told me _______ ______ ______ him the news.

15. “Are you intested in this?” he said.

He ______ ______ I was interestd in ______.

【参考答案】

1. he, ate

2. told, had, found, his

3. she, had, taken

4. rise, goes

5. told, had, before

6. had, there

7. had, before 8. asked, if [whether], before

9. told, could 10. how, she, had

11. where, I, had, those 12. if [whether], I, lived

13. told, to, stop 14. not, to, tell

15. asked, if [whether], that

三请将下列直接引语改为间接引语。

1. “I'm glad to recei ve your e-mail,” said he.

________________________________________________

2. He said to me, “Are you going home this weekend?”

________________________________________________

3. “How do you like the food here?” said she.

________________________________________________

4. She said to me, “Don't ride in the street.”

________________________________________________

5. “Stand where you are!” the police said to the young man.

________________________________________________

II. 请在下列空白处填上适当的词语，使句意不变。

1．She said, “Are you from the south?”

She asked ________ I ________ from the south.

2. Mom said to me, “Don't tell a lie.”

Mom ________ me ________ ________ tell a lie.

3．Susan said to me, “We visited the Red Star Farm last week.”

Susan told me that ________ ________ ________ the Red Star Farm ________ ________ ________.

4．Mr Paul said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.”

Mr Paul ________ us that light ________ faster than sound.

5．“Go and post the letters,” the manager said to him.

The manager ________ him ________ ________ and post the letters.

参考答案： I. 1. He said that he was glad to receive my e-mail. 2. He asked me if I was going home that weekend. 3. She asked how I liked the food there. 4. She told me not to ride in the street. 5. The police ordered the young man to stand

where he was.

II. 1. if / whether; was 2. told; not to 3. they had visited; the week before 4.

told; travels 5. told; to go

四直接引语变间接引语练习题

1．He said: “I’ve left my book in my room.”

2．She said: “He will be busy.”

3．She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”

4．She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”

5．The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”

6．The teacher said to the students, “Don’t waste your time.”

7．The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”

8．The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”

9．My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”

10．The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”

11．He said, “We are still students.’

12．He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”

13．The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.”

14．He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.”

15．She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.

16．Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”

17．He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.

18．She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.”

19．I said to him, “I have finished it.”

20．She said to us,“ I’ll come here tomorrow.”

21．“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?” the young man asked. 22．“I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,” the little boy said happily.

23．“Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls.

24．“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me. 25．“What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.

Key：

1． He told me that he had left his book in his room.

2． She said that he would be busy.

3． She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.

4． She asked me whether that book was mine or his.

5． The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.

6． The teacher told the students not to waste their time.

7． The mother asked Tom to get up early.

8． The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.

9． My father said practice makes perfect.

10． The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.

11． He said they are still students.

12． He told me that he was born in 1978.

13． The engineer said he was at college in 1967.

14． He said he had studied English since he was a boy.

15． She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus.

16． Mr. Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job.

17． He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately.

18． She said he demanded that the girl leave at once.

19． I told him I had finished it.

20． She told us she would come here tomorrow

21． The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived.

22． The little boy said happily that he had gained the first place in the mathematics competition.

23． The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light travels faster than sound.

24． Mary asked me if / whether I would go to the concert with her that evening.

25． The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before.

直接引语和间接引语用法讲解资料

直接引语和间接引语用法讲解 一、概述 引用或转述别人说的话时有两种方法：直接引述别人的原话，这叫做直接引语(direct speech)。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语(indirect speech)。一般地讲，直接引语前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号，而用宾语从句来表达。 Mr. Black said, “I'm busy.”布菜克先生说：“我很忙”。（直接引语） Mr. Black said that he was busy.布菜克先生说他很忙。（宾语从句是间接引语）从上例看来，直接引语改为间接引语时,除将直接引语改为宾语从句之外，还须对直接引语中的人称和时态进行相应的变化，如上例直接引语中的I改成了he, am则改成了was。现将由直接引语改为间接引语时应注意的问题,分述如下： 二、直接引语是陈述句时 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省去），that从句之前用say、tell等动词，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。 1、人称的变化 直接引语改为间接引语人称要相应的变化，把直接引语中的第一人称(如：I，me，my，mine，we，us，our，ours)变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。把直接引语中的第二人称(you，your，yours)变为和主句的间接宾语(即听话人，如无听话人，可根据上下文的体会人为确定一个人称)相一致的人称。直接引语中的第三人称(he，him，his，she，her，hers,it，its,they,their，theirs，them)变为间接引语时，人称不变。 He said , “I like it very much.” 他说：“我非常喜欢它”。 →He said that he liked it very much. 他说他非常喜欢它。(I改为he, it不变) He said, “You told me this story.”他说：“你给我讲过这个故事。”

直接引语和间接引语句子训练

直接引语和间接引语句子训练（转述句和陈述句）： 1.直接引语是直接引用别人的话，而间接引语则是转达别人说的话，因此，直接引语改为间接引语时，说话人即第一人称“ 我”要改为第三人称“ 他” 或“ 她”。如：张童对我说：“我一定要坚持长跑锻炼。” 改：张童告诉我，他一定要坚持长跑锻炼。 2.当转述内容涉及其他人称时的改法。如：姐姐对我说：“ 你说得对，我就这样做。” 改：姐姐告诉我，我说得对，她就这样做。上面的例句中涉及了第二人称，在改为转述句时就应改为第一人称。还应注意，冒号和引号前的内容不变。 3.间接引语改为直接引语，第三人称“ 他” 或“ 她”应改为第一人称“ 我”，说话内容涉及第一人称应改为第二人称。如：老班长告诉我们，他没有完成任务，没把我们照顾好。改：老班长对我们说：“ 我没有完成任务，没把你们照顾好。” 特例： 1.小华对小强说：“你明天把钢笔还给我。” 小华对小强说，他明天把钢笔还给小强。 2.妹妹对爸爸说：“哥哥让我转告你，它晚上有事不回来吃饭了。” 妹妹告诉爸爸，哥哥说他晚上有事不回来吃饭了。 3.老师对小丽说：“你知道自己表现得最出色吗？” 老师对小丽说，她的表现很最出色。 1. 小红军对陈赓说：“我还要等我的同伴呢。” 2. 老师对我说：“我教你怎么写。” 3. 雨来摇摇头说：“我在屋里什么也没看见。” 4. 李楠小声告诉我：“我家在少年宫附近。” 5. 小姑娘说：“我要去北京，我要去看看北京的名胜古迹。” 6. 老师对王芳说：“学校让你明天出席区小学生座谈会。” 7. 罗蒙诺索夫摇摇头对爸爸说：“我也要一本书！” 8. 雷锋对大嫂说：“我送你一程吧！” 9. 小鸟对青蛙说：“朋友，不信请你跳出井口看一看！” 10. 有一家外国报纸轻蔑地说：“能在南口以北修筑铁路的中国工程师还没有出世呢！” 11. 老师说：“你今天放学之前必须完成作业。” 12. 有句俗话说：“磨刀不误砍柴工。” 13. 楚王瞅了他一眼，冷笑一声，说：“难道齐国没有人了吗？” 14. 他惊讶地说：“原来是你！” 15. 妈妈对我说：“你今天晚上不能看电视。” 1 6. 爸爸说：“今天晚上你和妈妈先吃饭，我有事。” 17. 一个同学对我说：“借我一只笔。” 18. 外婆问我：“你在干什么？”

直接引语改为间接引语的变化

直接引语改为间接引语的变化 1.人称的变化。其规律为：一从主，二从宾，三不变。具体为： （1）如果直接引语的主语是第一人称，变化时，该人称与主句的主语保持一致。 如：Mary said, “I want to forget the past.”→ Mary said (that)she wanted to forget the past. （2）如果直接引语的主语是第二人称，变化时，该人称与主句的宾语保持一致。 如：He said to me,“Do you want to ask about the lab?” → He asked me if I wanted to ask about the lab. （3）如果直接引语的主语是第三人称，变化时，该人称保持不变。 如：Jim said ,“They are going to do their homework..”→ Jim said (that) they were going to do their homework. 2.时态的变化。 （1）如果主句是一般现在时，宾语从句原有时态保持不变。 如：Mary says,“I w ent to see the movie yesterday.” →Mary says that she went to see the movie yesterday.” （2）如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句的时态会有以下变化(科学事实、自然规律除外)。 a.一般现在时→一般过去时 b.一般将来时→过去将来时 c.现在进行时→过去进行时 d.一般过去时→过去完成时 e.现在完成时→过去完成时。也就是说要落后一个时态。 3.直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及动词都会发生相应的变化，变化见下表。 4.各种句型的直接引语改为间接引语的方法。 （1）.陈述句改为间接引语时，常用动词said, told，连词that,多被省略。 如：Ben said, “I won’t go to Marcia’s house on Friday night.”→ Ben said (that)he wouldn’t go to Marcia’s house on Friday night. Lana said to me,“I’m not mad at you anymore.” → Lana told me(that)she wasn’t mad at me anymore.

高中英语知识讲解 直接引语和间接引语(Ⅰ)

直接引语和间接引语 概念引入： 我们先看下面的句子： 1.John said, “I’m going to London with my father.” 约翰说：“我要和父亲到伦敦去。” 2.She said, “Do you often e here to read newspapers?” 她说：“你经常来这儿看报吗？” 3.I asked him, “Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?” 我问他：“你今晚是待在家还是去看电影？” 4.“Why don’t you take a walk after supper?” he asked. 他问：“饭后干嘛不出去走走呢？” 从上述四个例句看出：引内是直接引用别人的原话，这种句子为直接引语。 再看这一组句子： 1.John said that he was going to London with his father. 约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。 2.She asked me if (whether) I often went there to read newspapers. 她问我是否经常去那儿看报。 3.I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night. 我问他那天晚上是待在家还是去看电影。 4.He advised me to take a walk after supper. 他建议我晚饭后出去走走。 从第二组的四个例句看出，都是别人的原话进行了转述，这就是间接引语。在转述中，人称、时态、代词、时间状语的表达都有所变化。 那么从直接引语变成间接引语，都有哪些部分需要变化呢？ 用法讲解【高清课堂：直接引语和间接引语P1】， 课文原句回放 首先请看下面几个句子，这几个句子来自课文，分别是直接引语和间接引语。请大家看看这些句子，看看这些直接引语和间接引语有什么区别。其实，我们从形式上就可以看出它们的区别： 1. “I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary,” said Anne. (Direct speech) 安妮说：”我不想在日记中记流水账。” Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary. (Indirect speech) 安妮说她不想在日记中记流水账。 2. Anne’s sister asked her what she called her diary. (Indirect speech) 安妮的姐姐问她怎么称呼她的日记。 “What do you call your diary?” Anne’s sister asked her. (Direct speech)

间接引语详解

人称、时间、地点等方面作相应的变化。 1、引语转换时的句式变化 不同的直接引语句式，如：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句，转换成间接引语时要遵循一定的句式转换规则，还要注意根据句意，使用适当的引述动词。（1）陈述句的间接引语 将陈述句转换为间接引语，通常用that引导的宾语从句来表达。连词that 在不引起歧义的情况下可以省略。引述分句的动词常见的有say 和tell等。 He s aid, “I caught[k?:t] a cold yesterday.” 他说：“我昨天感冒了。” →He said (that) he had caught a cold the day before. 他说他前天感冒了。 Helen said to me, “I’m tired of taking such exams[iɡ’z?m].” 海伦说：“我讨厌参加这种考试。” →Helen told me (that) she was tired of taking such exams. 海伦说她讨厌参加这种考试。 He said (that) the book was very interesting and that(不省略) all the children like to read it.他说那本书很有趣，所有小孩都喜欢读。

例题： He says,“I like singing and I want to be a singer.” 他说:“我喜欢唱歌,我想当歌手。” →He says that he likes singing and that he wanted to be a singer.他说他喜欢唱歌,想当歌手。 在此种情况下,引导第一个宾语从句的that有时可以省略,但引导第二个宾语从句的that通常不省略,以免误解。 （2）疑问句的间接引语 直接引语如果是疑问句，变成间接引语后，叫做间接问句。引述的动词常用ask, wonder, want to know等。间接问句的词序一般都用正常词序，句末不用问号，用句号。 ①一般疑问句的间接引语 直接引语为一般疑问句时，用连词whether或if 引导。 I asked him, “Are you satisfied[’s?t?s'fa?d]with the results[ri'z ?lt]?” 我问他：“你对这结果满意吗？” I asked him whether / if he was satisfied with the results. 我问他对这结果是否满意。 “Did you go to the British ['br?t??]Museum yesterday?” asked Kate. 凯特问：“你昨天有没有去大英博物馆？” Kate asked me whether / if I had gone to the British Museum the day before. 凯特问我昨天有没有去大英博物馆。 The old man said to a passer-by, “Will you tell me the way to get to the Great Wall Hotel?” 那位老人跟一位过路人说：“请问到长城饭店的路怎么走。” The old man asked a passer-by to tell him the way to the Great Wall Hotel. 那位老人请一位过路人告诉他去长城饭店的路。 ②选择疑问句的间接引语

间接引语变直接引语练习

句型变换：（直接引语、间接引语） 姓名： 一、把直接引语改写成间接引语。 1、郑洁悄悄地告诉小勇说：“这件事是我和小刚一起做的。” 2、志愿军战士深情地说：“老妈妈，难道我们会把您忘怀吗？” 3、王飞对李林说：”请你回去时给个信给我妈，说我今天稍微迟一些回家。” 4、王宁说：“我要像李永那样关心集体。” 5、老师对小明说：“我看了你的作文很满意。” 6、小军在电话中对我说：“下个月我一定到你那儿玩。” 7、他想了想说：“我们哪里有近道，还不是和你们一条道。” 8、贝多芬说：“不，我是来弹一首曲子给这位姑娘听的。” 9、爸爸对我说：“今晚我要开会，你和妈妈早点吃饭，别等我。” 10、周瑜长叹一声，说：“诸葛亮神机妙算，我真不如他。”

11、山姆握着珊迪的手说：“我会永远照顾你的。” 12、张林告诉我：“要是星期日下雨，我们就不去看电影。” 13、贝多芬说：“我是来弹一首曲子给这位姑娘听的。” 14、小红说：“今天下午学校组织到野外活动，我必须参加。” 15、王宁说：“我要像李宁那样关心集体。” 16、雨来摇摇头说：“我在屋里什么也没看见。” 17、李楠小声告诉我：“我家在少年宫附近。” 18、小姑娘说：“我要去北京，我要去看看北京的名胜古迹。” 19、老师对王芳说：“学校让你明天出席小学生座谈会。” 20、妈妈对我说：“你今天晚上不能看电视。” 21、爸爸说：“今天晚上你和妈妈先吃饭，我有事。”

22、一个同学对我说：“借我一只笔。” 23、我看祖父还在笑，就说：“你不信，我到屋里拿来给你看。” 25、爸爸感冒了，他说：“明天我要去医院看病。” 26、他说：“我明天去电影院看电影。” 27、姐姐对我说：“你说得对，我就这样做。” 28、张童对我说：“我一定要坚持长跑锻炼。” 29、雷锋对大嫂说：“我送你一程吧！” 30、老师解释说：“梦里飞行，说明你们是在长身体呀。”

直接引语改为间接引语

直接引语改为间接引语 一、直接引语（也叫“直述句”）改为间接引语（也叫“转述句”）的两个特点直接引语改为转述句，从它的形式上来看，有比较明显的两个特点：一、标点符号的改变引述句改为转述句，冒号要改为逗号，双引号要去掉。转述句改引述句，要加上冒号和引号。 二、人称的变化 1、引述是直接别人的话，而转述则是转达别人说的话，因此，引述句改为转述句时，说话人即第一人称“我”要改为第三人称“他”或“她”。 如：小明说：“我一定要努力学习。” 改：小明说，他一定要努力学习。 2.当引述内容涉及其他人称时的改法。 如：姐姐对我说：“你说得对，我就这样做。” 改：姐姐对我说，我说得对，她就这样做。 上面的例句中涉及了第二人称，在改为转述句时就应改为第一人称。应注意，冒号和引号前的内容不变。 3.转述句改为引述句，第三人称“他”或“她”应改为第一人称“我”，说话内容涉及第一人称应改为第二人称。 如：老班长说，他没有完成任务，没把我们照顾好。 改：老班长说：“我没有完成任务，没把你们照顾好。” 二、直接引语和转述句的类型 （一）从转述的那个人或者向谁转述上来分析有大致两种情况： 1、第二个人转述（转给第三个人）：A对B说话，然后B转述给第三个人听。 【例如】妈妈．．对我说：“我．明天还要去开会。” 【改为】妈妈．．对我说，她．明天还要去开会。 2、第三个人转述（转给第四个人）：A对B说话，然后C转述给第四个人听。 【例1】妈妈．．对爸爸说：“我．明天要去开会。” 【改为】妈妈．．对爸爸说，她．明天要去开会。 【例2】军官对夜莺说：“要是路带对了，我就把这．东西送给你。” 【改为】军官对夜莺说，要是路带对了，他就把那．东西送给夜莺。 （二）从被转述的人（说话的那个人）来分析大致有三种情况。 1、直接引语提示语在前面。 【例如】妈妈说：“我明天还要去开会。” 【改为】妈妈说，她明天还要去开会。 2、直接引语提示语在中间。（改后说话人都放在前面） 【例如】“工作太多了。”妈妈说，“我明天还要去开会。” 【改为】妈妈说，工作太多了，她明天还要去开会。 3、直接引语提示语在后面。（改后说话人都放在前面） “我明天还要去开会。”妈妈说。改为：妈妈说，她明天还要去开会。 三、直接引语和转述句的代词响应变化的分析 1、第二个人转述（转给第三个人）中的人称代词的变化。 【例1】妈妈对我说：“我明天要去开会。” 【改为】妈妈对我说，她明天要去开会。 【例2】妈妈对我说：“你要好好学习。”

高中英语直接引语和间接引语用法讲解资料讲解

高中英语直接引语和间接引语用法讲解 一、概述 引用或转述别人说的话时有两种方法：直接引述别人的原话，这叫做直接引语(direct speech)。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语(indirect speech)。一般地讲，直接引语前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号，而用宾语从句来表达。 Mr. Black said, “I'm busy.”布菜克先生说：“我很忙”。（直接引语） Mr. Black said that he was busy.布菜克先生说他很忙。（宾语从句是间接引语） 从上例看来，直接引语改为间接引语时,除将直接引语改为宾语从句之外，还须对直接引语中的人称和时态进行相应的变化，如上例直接引语中的I改成了he, am则改成了was。现将由直接引语改为间接引语时应注意的问题,分述如下： 二、直接引语是陈述句时 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省去），that 从句之前用say、tell等动词，从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。 1、人称的变化 直接引语改为间接引语人称要相应的变化，把直接引语中的第一人称(如：I，me，my，mine，we，us，our，ours)变为与主句的主语相一致的人称。把直接引语中的第二人称(you，your，yours)变为和主句的间接宾语(即听话人，如无听话人，可根据上下文的体会人为确定一个人称)相一致的人称。直接引语中的第三人称(he，him，his，she，her，hers,it，its,they,their，theirs，them)变为间接引语时，人称不变。 He said , “I like it very much.” 他说：“我非常喜欢它”。 →He said that he liked it very much. 他说他非常喜欢它。(I改为he, it不变) He said, “You told me this story.”他说：“你给我讲过这个故事。” →He said that I had told him that story.他说我给他讲过那个故事。(You改为I, me改为him, told 改为had told) He said to me, “She’s left her book in your room”.他对我说：“她把书放在你的房间里去了。”He told me that she had left her book in my room. 他对我说她把书放在我的房间里去了。（She’s→she had，her不变，your→my） 2、时态的变化 （1）主句的谓语动词是一般过去时 如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。直接引语改为间接引语时,动词时态相应变化表： He said, “I usually watch TV on Sunday.”他说：“我常在星期天看电视”。 →He said tha t he usually watched TV on Sunday.他说他常在星期天看电视。 He said, “I'm using the knife.”他说：“我正在用小刀。” →He said that he was using the knife.他说他正在用小刀。 She said, “I have not heard from him since May.”她说：“自从五月份来我就没收到他的来信。”→She said that she had not heard from him since May. 她说自五月以来她就没收到他的来信。He said，“I came to help you.”他说：“我来帮助你。” →He said that he had come to help me.他说他来帮助我。 He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.”他说：“晚饭前我己做完了作业。” →He said that he had finished his homework before supper.他说晚饭前他己做完了作业。 Zhou L an said, “I'll do it after class.”周兰说：“下课后我就去做。” →Zhou Lan said that she would do it after class.周兰说下课后她就去做。

英语语法 如何把直接引语转换为间接引语

如何把直接引语转换为间接引语 引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话，把它放在引号内，称为直接引语；二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句。直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。 1. 直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that ．．．．引导，很多时候可省略that。例如：She said, "I am very happy to help you." →She said she was very happy to help me. She said, “I will go to Guangzhou tomorrow.” →She said that she would go to Guangzhou the next day/the following day. She said, “I have lived in Foshan for several years.” →She said that she had lived in Foshan for several years. She said, “ I am reading a book now.” →She said that she was reading a book at that time/moment. John said, “I am leaving for Paris on Wednesday” →John said that he was leaving for Paris on Wednesday. 2. 直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词whether ．．．．．．．或if．．（是否）引导。先把直 接引语变为陈述句语序，再放在whether或if后面。例如： He asked me, "Do you like playing football?" → →He asked me whether/if I liked playing football. He asked Mary, “Will you come to my birthday party?”

直接引语和间接引语讲解及练习培训讲学

直接引语和间接引语讲解及练习

Unit1 语法核心突破: 直接引语变间接引语 这两种引语都是宾语从句，但是直接引语放在引号内，不用连词联接；间接引语不用引号，通常用连接词与主句联接 一、直接引语变间接引语时句式的变化 例：He said, “I'm very glad.” → He said he was very glad. 例：He said, “Can you come this afternoon, John?” →He asked John could come that afternoon. 例 : He said, “Where is Mr. Wang?” → He asked where Mr. Wang was. Tom says to me, “what food do you like best”. → Tom asks me food I like best Our parents told us“Learn English well!”我们的父母告诉我们：“把英语学好啊！” ?Our parents told us English well. 我们的父母告诉我吗要把英语学好。 The teacher said to me, “Don’t read that novel!” ? The teacher asked/ told me that novel. Our parents told us, “ Never do wrong!” 父母告诉我们：“不要做错事！” Our parents told us never to do wrong. 我们的父母告诉我们不要做错事。

语法大全：直接引语变间接引语用法(经典版)

直接引语变间接引语的用法 一、如何变人称; 下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化如： She said. "My brother wants to go with me." →She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如： He said to Kate. "How is your sister now?" →He asked Kate how her sister was then。 “第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如： Mr. Smith said: "Jack is a good worker。"→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good work er。 二、如何变时态： 直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。 现在时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为完成时；过去完成时则保留原来的时态。如： 1) She said. "I have lost a pen." →She said she had lost a pen. 2) She said. "We hope so." →She said they hoped so. 3) She said. "He will go to see his friend。"→She said he would go to see his friend。 但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。 ①直接引语是客观真理。 "The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。 ②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如： Jack said. “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?” →Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street。 ③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如： Xiao Wang said. "I was born on April 20, 1980。" →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980。 ④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如： He said, "I get up at six every morning。" →He said he gets up at six every morning。 ⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to，had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。如：Peter said. "You had better come have today。" →Peter said I had better go there that day。 三、如何变状语：

初中语法-直接引语转换间接引语讲解-附练习题及答案

直接引语与间接引语 直接引语：一字不改的引用或复述别人的话，被引用或复述的部分即为直接引语。一般前后用引号，首字母大写。间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，被转述的部分即为间接引语。通常以宾语从句的形式出现，不用引号。直接引语变为间接引语时，要注意人称、时态、连接词、语序以及时间状语、地点状语、指示代词及方向性动词的变化。 一、人称变化 直接引语是第一人称变为间接引语时，一般要变为第三人称；第二人称变为与主句的间接宾语相一致的人称（如果没有间接宾语，可根据上下文的体会确定一个人称）；第三人称一般不改变。例如He told me，＂I’ll give you a book when I meet you again.＂—He told me he would give me a book when he met me again. 二、时态的变化 如果主句是过去式态，变为间接引语时应向前推一个时态。即一般现在时---一般过去式，现在进行时---过去进行时，现在完成时---过去完成时，一般过去时---过去完成时，过去进行时---过去进行时，一般将来时---过去将来时,现在完成进行时---过去完成进行时，过去完成时---过去完成时，过去完成进行时---过去完成进行时。等。例如 She wondered:＂When will the meeting begin.＂—She wondered when the meeting would begin.但在以下几种情况下，间接引语的时态不用变化。 1、当直接引语表示的是客观真理或经常性的特点时。例如She said,＂The earth goes around the sun＂.--She said that the earth goes around the sun. 2、当直接引语中有绝对具体的过去时间作状语时，保持原来的一般过去时。例如He said,＂I left home in 1942.—He said he left home in 1942. 注：间接引语中的谓语动词有时需要适当的调整。Say后的直接引语表示陈述或命令时可变为ask; say后的直接引语表示请求或询问时可变为ask.例如The teacher said to me,＂I have seen your book..＂—The teacher told me that she had seen my book. 三、连接词的选择 1、陈述句陈述句转化为间接引语时用that引导，也可省略that。主句谓语动词可用直接引语中的said，也可用told来代替，可以说said that，said to sb. that, told sb. that, 不可以直接说told that.主句中的谓语还常有repeat, answer, reply, explain, announce, declare, think, 等。例如 Danny said，＂I come from Canada.＂—Danny said that he came from Canada. 2、疑问句直接引语是疑问句变为间接引语时要用陈述语序。主句的动词常用ask,wonder,want to know等。 1)、一般疑问句直接引语为一般疑问句时变为间接引语须用if或whether引导。例如 She asked me,＂Is he a teacher?＂—She asked me if/whether he was a teacher. 2}、选择疑问句或反意疑问直接引语是选择疑问句需用or;反意疑问句需用or not变为间接引语时要用whether而不用if.例如 My brother asked me,＂Is Tom tall or short?＂—My brother asked me whether Tom was tall or short.＂You are reading,aren’t you＂he said to me.—He asked me whether I was reading or not. 3)、特殊疑问句当直接引语为特殊疑问句变为间接引语时，常变成与疑问句同形的连接词引导的宾语从句，用陈述语序，问号变句号。例如＂What do you want to eat?＂he asked me.—He asked me what I wanted to eat. 3、祈使句直接引语是祈使句变为间接引语时，要用不定式表示，使其成为 ask /tell /order sb (not) to do sth 句型。例如＂Don’t open the d oor.＂he said to her.—He asked her not to open the door. 4、感叹句感叹句变为间接引语时可用 what或how引导，也可用that引导。例如 He said，＂What a lovely day it is!＂—He said what a lovely day it was.—He said that it was a lovely day.

把直接引语改写成间接引语

把直接引语改写成间接引语（一） 1、董存瑞坚决地说：“连长，我去炸掉它。” 2、郑洁悄悄地告诉小勇说：“这件事是我和小刚一起做的。” 3、铁匠师傅对我说：“要说朱德军长没打过铁，你怎么说我也不相信。” 4、志愿军战士深情地说：“老妈妈，难道我们会把您忘怀吗？” 5、数学老师大声喊道：“同学们，你们快把教师里的窗户关好，别让雨水打湿了你们的作业本。” 6、科利亚说：“今天我不光找到了木匾子，还懂得了时间一天天过去，人一天天长大，步子也在渐渐变大。” 7、王飞对李林说：”请你回去时给个信给我妈，说我今天稍微迟一些回家。” 8、王宁说：“我要像李永勤那样关心集体。” 9、老师对小明说：‘我看了你的作文很满意。’ 10、小军在电话中对我说：‘下个月我一定到你那儿玩。’ 11、李明通知我：“去校长家取回你和我的书。” 12、他想了想说：“我们哪里有近道，还不是和你们一条道。” 13、贝多芬说：“不，我是来弹一首曲子给这位姑娘听的。” 14、阿维忽然说：“妈，我认为钟上的话是骗人的。” 15、妈妈问阿维：“你嗓子痛不痛？要什么吗？” 16、爸爸对我说：“今晚我要开会，你和妈妈早点吃饭，别等我。” 17、周瑜长叹一声，说：“诸葛亮神机妙算，我真不如他。” 18、山姆握着珊迪的手说：“我会永远照顾你的。” 19、张林告诉我：“要是星期日下雨，我们就不去看电影。” 20、贝多芬说：“我是来弹一首曲子给这位姑娘听的。” 21、小红说：“今天下午学校组织到野外活动，我必须参加。” 22、蔺相如说：“这块璧有点儿小问题，让我指给您看。” 23、蔺相如说：“秦王若有诚意换璧，我就把璧交给他。” 24、王宁说：“我要像李涌那样关心集体。” 25、小红军对陈庚说：“我还要等我的同伴呢。” 把直接引语改写成间接引语（二） 1、小红军对陈赓说：“我还要等我的同伴呢。” 2、老师对我说：“我教你怎么写。” 3、雨来摇摇头说：“我在屋里什么也没看见。” 4、小姑娘说：“我要去北京，我要去看看北京的名胜古迹。” 5、妈妈对我说：“今天晚上我有应酬，你和爸爸先吃饭把！” 6、赵王告诉蔺相如：“你带着宝玉去秦国。” 7、詹天佑经常勉励工作人员说：“我们的工作首先要精密，不能有一点儿马虎。” 8、武松道：“这可奇怪了！你如何不肯卖酒给我吃？” 9、蔺相如说：“秦王我都不怕，会怕廉将军吗？” 10、她深有感触地说：“我小时侯总是羞羞答答的。” 11、美丽的姑娘说：“我是智慧的女儿。” 12、一位台湾同胞说：“我是中国人，我爱中国。” 13、小明高兴地告诉妈妈：“我在新华书店买了一本《雷锋日记》。” 14、王宁说:“我要像李永勤那样关心集体。” 15、科里亚说:“今天我不光找到了木匣子,还懂得了时间一天天过去, 人一天天长大,步子也在渐渐变大。” 16、董存瑞坚决地说:“我去炸掉它!” 17、小青石说:“这样安静的生活,我讨厌了.我倘若能和蝴蝶和蚱蜢一样,要到哪里,就到哪里,那多好啊!” 18、鲁讯在回信中说:“我的信如果要发表,且有发表的地方,我可以同意。”

高中英语直接引语变间接引语练习题(答案)

直接引语变间接引语专练题 1. He asked ________ for the computer. A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid 2. “Have you seen the film?” he asked me. →He asked me _______. A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the film C. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film 3. “Please close the window,” he said to me. →He ______ me _____ the window. A. said to; to close B. told to; closing C. asked ; to close D. said to; please close 4. “I am a teacher,” Jack said.→He said _________. A. that I am a teacher B. I was a teacher C. that he is a teacher D. he was a teacher 5. He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” →He _____- very naughty. A. said his mother that the boy was B. said to his mother that the boy is C. told his mother that the boy was D. spoke to his mother that the boy was 6. “You’ve already got well, haven’t you?” she asked. →She asked ________. A. if I have already got well, hadn’t you B. whether I had already got well C. have I already got well D. had I already got well. 7. He asked , “ Are you a Party member or a League member?” →He asked me _________. A. am I a Party member or a League member B. was I a Party member or a League member C. whether I was a Party member or a League member D. whether was I a Party member or a League member. 8. He asked, “How are you getting along?” →He asked _______. A. how am I getting along B. how are you getting along C. how I was getting along D. how was I getting along 9. He asked me ________ with me. A. what the matter is B. what the mater was C. what’s the matter D. what was the matter

2直接引语改为间接引语

直接引语改为间接引语 一、要点 基本方法：“二变一不变”，即：人称变，符号变，但原意不变。 其他细节： （1）改好之后，语气是陈述语气。换句话说，改为间接引语后，句子都是句号结尾的，疑问句、反问句、感叹句、祈使句都要改成陈述句。 （2）改好之后，只有一句话。换句话说，改为间接引语后，原来人物说的话如果有好几句，要把中间的句号都改为逗号。 （3）“对某人说”一般来说可以改为“告诉某人”，但如果保持“对某人说”也可以。 例如从阅读题《绿手指》里拿来的题目 女儿说：“你根本不懂植物遗传学。专家都做不到的事，你这么大年纪了，怎么能做到呢？” 女儿说，老奶奶根本不懂植物遗传学，专家都做不到的事，她这么大年纪了，是不能做到的。 （1）前后两处引号去除 （2）冒号改为逗号 （3）原句中间的句号改为逗号 （4）人称改掉，因为这是从阅读题里拿来的例题，联系上下文，知道“你”是指“老奶奶”。 （5）反问语气改为陈述语气 如果这道例题你弄懂了，那这类题目基本上难不倒你。现在我们来试试身手。 1、妈妈严肃地对我说：“马上就要期末考试了，你一定要认真复习，不要辜负老师和我对你的一片期望。” 以下两种都可以：

妈妈严肃地告诉我，马上就要期末考试了，我一定要认真复习，不要辜负老师和她对我的一片期望。 妈妈严肃地对我说，马上就要期末考试了，我一定要认真复习，不要辜负老师和她对我的一片期望。 关键在于“你”改成“我”，“我”改成“她”，代词改好，句子保持愿意不变。 2、熊猫问海豚：“海豚姐姐，你的身材这么好，是不是有减肥秘诀？” 最佳答案： 熊猫问海豚姐姐，她的身材这么好，是不是有减肥秘诀。 思考过程： （1）原来的“提示语”部分“熊猫问海豚”不完整，参考“说的话”，把提示语补充完整，成为“熊猫问海豚姐姐”。 （2）既然“提示语”已经写完整了，那么原来熊猫话语中打招呼的“海豚姐姐”就可以简化为“她”。 （3）我们说过通常可以用“是否”一词来帮助把疑问语气改为陈述语气。例如：你今天去小李家玩吗？改为：你今天是否去小李家玩。但是现在句中已有“是不是”，不必动用“是否”，只要把问号改成句号就行。 3、小明赞叹道：“香港迪士尼乐园真不错！” 小明赞叹说，香港迪士尼乐园很不错。 思考过程： （1）把“道”改成“说”，使语句更通顺。 （2）把“真”改成“很”，使语气变得平和，即陈述语气。当然，“！”改成“。”你已经懂了吧。 4、“妈！给我倒杯水！”我大声喊。 我大声喊妈妈，让她给我倒杯水。 思考过程：