现代大学英语精读5 重点paraphrase+单词总结
Lesson 1
Paraphrase
1...when I suggested that this behavior might be grounds for sending the student on a brief vacation. (Para 14)
One student had some radical comments on the author's class and the author got a little bit angry so that he suggested the school should suspend the student's schooling. But the dean of students thought the author was just too annoyed.
The story the speaker tells the audience here is hilarious, but not to be taken seriously. In the United States, university students do write about their professors on their blogs—and write evaluations of their courses, critiquing their professors' teaching skills. So a student could have criticized the speaker for teaching a boring class and the speaker might defend himself by saying that he had a cold. But the story is basically all fantasy. The speaker's serious point may be that students expect professors to entertain them; the professors who are good entertainers receive high evaluations, but the criterion is superficial. Less flashy teachers who think deeply can be the ones from whom the students learn the most.
2.Black limousines pulled up in front of his office and disgorged decorously suited negotiators. (Para.16)
These were obviously officials from that country's embassy sent to negotiate with the professor about this case. The whole thing had become a tough diplomatic issue.
3. Did my pal fold? Nope, he's not the type. But he did not enjoy the process. (Para.16)
Did my friend back down? No, he is not the type of person who will easily give up his principles under pressure. But he did not like the experience he had to endure. This again is an interesting anecdote, but not a very good example, because the student involved is too special.
4. The idea that a university education really should have no substantial content, should not be about what John Keats was disposed to call Soul-making, is one that you might think professors and university presidents would be discreet about. (Para. 19)
Professors and presidents do not think the content of the courses really matters much, because they are soon forgotten anyway. It shouldn't be about soul-making either. The speaker is surprised that professors and presidents are actually by and large quite frank about what they think are the aims of education. They do not hide their views because they do not feel embarrassed.
soul-making: moral cultivation, character-building, and intellectual development
discreet: careful about keeping/preventing something from being known or noticed by many people 言语谨慎的，说话小心不让人抓辫子的
5. …and common sense is something to respect, though not quite—peace unto the formidable Burke—to revere. (Para. 28)
常识是应该尊重的东西，但不一定崇拜希望其令人钦佩的伯克先生别生气。
6.I learned that if I wanted to affirm any consequential ideal, I had to talk my way past Freud. (Para. 34)
Since Freud had a very profound understanding in psychology, anytime when the author tries to state his point of view, he will use Freud's opinions to exam his own view, so that the author can get his point of view affirmed or improved.
to affirm any consequential ideal: to declare my firm belief in any important ideal
to talk my way past Freud: to deal with Freud's views and successfully argue with/refute him
before (I can declare my belief in that ideal)
7. 1.It's been said that raising a child effectively takes a village: Well, as you may have noticed, our American village is not in very good shape. (Para. 2)
There is an old saying that it takes the collective effort of a whole village to raise a child properly, that is, the whole village is responsible for the healthy upbringing of a child.
our American village is not in very good shape: Note that the speaker is talking about any traditional American village? He is using the word village in a metaphorical sense, taking it to mean the country.
8.Brodhead…seems to take as his educational touchstone the Duke of Wellington's percept that the Battle of Waterloo was won on the playing fields of Eton.
(老师讲的试卷答案不确定)Brodhead has a strong belief that what matters in education is outside-class activities, and he takes it as his educational touchstone.
9. You'll also, if my father and I are right, be truly and righteously screwed. (Para. 24)
Truly and righteously screwed: truly cheated and ruined，and yet you can't blame anybody.
Lesson 4
Paraphrase
1. ..in that profession there are fewer experiences for women than in any other, with the exception of the stage. (1)
我的专业是文学，而在这个专业中，妇女的特殊经历比其他专业中妇女面临的特殊经历要少，舞台艺术是个例外。
other professions, such as science, medicine, law, are newer for women, and therefore the road is harder for them, with more experiences peculiar to them. The profession of drama is an exception. Like literature, drama also involves more women than other professions.
△老师上课讲的意思和课本上的讲解完全相反这里给的是课本上的讲解
2. No demand was made upon the family purse. (1)
There was no need for a writer to spend much of the family money in order to write.
Here, the word "purse" in which money is put stands for money, financial circumstances.
3 In those days --- the last of Queen Victoria --- every house had its Angel. (3)
This sentence can be interpreted on two levels. On the first level, in the last days of Queen Victoria, every house had a woman like that, who was sympathetic, charming, unselfish and above all pure. On a deeper level, in the last period of the reign of Queen Victoria, the belief that every woman should be sympathetic, charming, unselfish, and above all, pure was prevalent in English society.
4 Be sympathetic; be tender; flatter; deceive; use all the arts and wiles of our sex. (3)
As soon as the author began to write her review, she seemed to hear a voice telling her what to do. To be sympathetic means to understand the mind of men and not to disagree with them. To be tender means she must not be too harsh in her criticism. To flatter, she must praise the book in an insincere way in order to please the reading public. To deceive indicates that she could not write what she really thought; she would have to tell lies instead of telling the truth.
The author is urged to use the tricks known to the female sex because a woman has to do so in order to be successful in a male-dominated profession.
5 Her fictitious nature was of great assistance to her. (3)
The phantom or the Angel in the House is not a real person. The author is only personifying it. It does not have a physical form. In fact it is a mental image and has an imaginary nature. It is far more difficult to deal with a phantom than a reality. The reason is explained in the next sentence.
她的虚幻本质给她帮了大忙：杀死一个幽灵远比杀死一个真人要困难得多。
6 For though men sensibly allow themselves great freedom in these respects, I dout that they realize or can control the extreme severity with which they condemn such freedom in women. (5) It was a sensible thing for men to give themselves great freedom to talk about the body and their passions. But if women want to have the same freedom, men condemn such freedom in women. And I do not believe that they realize how severely they condemn such freedom in women, nor do I believe that they can control their extremely severe condemnation of such freedom in women.
severity: the quality or condition of being severe; strictness, harshness.
Words and expressions
1.constitute (3)
(1)to make up or form something
Twelve months constitute one year.
Women take up 70% of the student body at the college.
Meaningful letters or characters that constitute readable matter.
(2)to be the same as sth., to be equivalent to sth.
The court determined that the search of their house constituted to violation of their rights. Failing to complete the work constitutes a breach of the employment contract.
(3)to establish or create(an organization) usually used as to be constituted
The recently constituted government will hold elections in May.
2.befall (3&5): If something unpleasant or dangerous befalls you, it happens to you.
Bad luck may befall to anyone at any time.
We prayed that no harm should befall them.
It's sad to think of the unhappy fate that befell them.
Nobody can predict the misery that may befall humankind.
3.nose about (5): to look around a place, often in order to find something, especially something private or hidden, to meddle or pry.
I caught him nosing around in my office.
They are always nosing about in other people's business.
He was always nosing about the kitchen, looking in all the cupboards for something to eat.
I'll go and nose about for more news.
Don't nose about in other people's affairs.
4.impede (5)
(1) be a hindrance or obstacle to
He claims that the economic growth is impeded by government regulations.
They were accused of impeding the administration of justice.
Nothing can impede his progress.
The muddy roads impede our journey.
(2)impediment
He has a speech impediment.
5. on the verge of(5): to be at the point where something is about to happen.
She was on the verge of telling all the secret.
Jess seemed on the verge of tears.
It's an event which left her on the verge of a nervous breakdown.
The company is on the verge of bankruptcy.
They were on the verge of tears at parting.
△edge, border, margin, rim, verge, brim, fringe这些名词均有"边，边缘"之意。
Edge:普通用词，指较窄的边沿。Cutting-edge=state of the art技术发展最前沿的
Border:侧重刚好在界线内的一部分表面上，指较宽的边缘，也可指边缘本身。
Margin:指物体的空白边，一般较宽。
Rim:指圆形或有曲线的物体的边缘。
Verge:指明显地标志一个表在或一广阔空间的边界，或终端线，也指极狭窄的空间。常用作比喻。
Brim:指深容器的内边或河、湖等水域的最高线。Brim over溢出
Fringe:指地毯的须边、围巾的花边、烫发的卷边或人群的边缘。
6.nominal (7)
(1)existing in the name only, not actual or real.
He was the nominal head of the party.
Her title of vice president had been nominal only.
She charged only a nominal fee for her work.
The chairman is only the nominal ruler of the country.
(2)nominal value/rate/income etc.
If prices keep rising and the nominal wage remains constant, the real wage falls.
(3)very small in amount
His involvement was nominal.
They charged a nominal fee in the service.
7.loom (7)
(1)appear in a large unclear shape, especially in a threatening way
Loom up/out/ahead
Suddenly a mountain loomed up in front of them.
(2)if a problem or difficulty looms, it's likely to happen very soon. Loom large. An economic crisis is looming large in his mind.
Fear of failure loomed large in his mind.
Rising tuition costs loom large in the minds of many parents.
The candles alight in the room made all things without doors loom strange. Food shortages loom in some parts of Africa.
Lesson 5
Paraphrase
1.A nice enough young fellow, you understand, but nothing upstairs. (Para. 5)
1)Ellipsis. He is a nice enough young fellow, you understand, but there is nothing upstairs.
2)nothing upstairs: (American slang) empty-headed; a nitwit. A British slang equivalent
might be "unfurnished in the upper story."
2. My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear. (20)
1)Mixed metaphor, comparing at the same time the narrator's brain to a precision instrument and also to a machine that has gears.
2)Paraphrase: My brain, which is as precise as a chemist's scales, began to work at high speed.
3)slipped into high gear: began to work at high speed or efficiency. A machine is in high gear when the arrangement or gears provide the greatest speed. (S: but little power???)
3. but I was not one to let my heart rule my head.(23)
Paraphrase: She was beautiful and attractive enough to arouse the desires and passions of men, but I would not let feelings and emotions get the upper hand over reason and good sense.
to let my heart rule my head: metonymy. "Heart" stands for "feelings and emotions" and "head" for "reason and good sense."
4.She was not yet of pin-up proportions, .... She already had the makings. (25)
Paraphrase: She was not yet as attractive as the women displayed on wall posters, but I felt sure that, given time, she would become just as glamorous. (S: Actually, I expect this refers only to the size of her breasts.)She already had all the physical qualities needed for developing into a very beautiful woman.
pin-up: (American colloquialism) a poster showing a sex symbol, designed to be displayed on a wall
proportion: lines, shape of the body
supply the lack: supply what is wanting. The narrator implies that time will give her a perfect figure. But he deliberately avoids using explicit words describing female physical attractions. (S: Yes.)
makings: the material or qualities needed for the making or development of something
5.She had an erectness of carriage... the best of breeding. (26)
1)"Carriage" and "bearing" are synonymous. "Bearing," in the context, denotes manner of carrying or conducting oneself and refers to characteristic physical and mental posture. "Carriage" also applies to posture, specifically stresses the physical aspects of a person's bearing,
e.g. an erect carriage.
2)Translation: 她亭亭玉立、体态优雅，这一切都表明她出身高贵。
6. In fact she veered in the opposite direction. (27)
Paraphrase: In fact, she went in the opposite direction. This is a sarcastic way of saying that she was rather stupid.
veer: to change direction; to shift; to turn or swing around
7.if you were out of the picture, the field would be open. (34)
1)Metaphor, comparing the competing for friendship to an athletic event.
2)Paraphrase: If you're no longer dating her, others would be free to court her.
3)out of the picture: not considered as involved in a situation
4)field: an area where games or athletic events are held
5)open: free to take part or compete in (games being held in the field)
8. It's just been a causal kick---just a few laughs, that's all." (55)
1)A final reason that eases Petey's conscience. We occasionally went out for a bit of fun, that's all.
2)casual kick: (American colloquialism) an occasional pleasure; a casual relationship; a passing affair; not a serious commitment
9. One thing I will say for this girl: you would go far to find another so agreeable. (63)
Paraphrase: It is not at all easy to find a girl so agreeable.
Translation: 这么可爱的人可不容易找。
10.Still, I'm nothing if not persistent. (79)
This is a case of a double negative making a positive. I am very persistent.
Translation: 我要是意志不坚定，我就不是我了。
11.There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear. (115)
Paraphrase: There is a limit to what any human being can bear.
flesh and blood: synecdoche, material for the thing made.
12. I determined to acquaint her with my feeling at our very next meeting. (125)
13. I ground my teeth. I was not Pygmalion; I was Frankenstein (138)
This action shows extreme exasperation, but the narrator was still trying hard to control his rising temper.
1)have sb. by the throat: attack by seizing and squeezing one's throat
2)The narrator makes two well-chosen allusions - to Pygmalion and to Frankenstein. He planned to be Pygmalion, to fashion an ideal wife for himself, but he becomes Frankenstein for Polly (his student) who (S:?) ultimately rejects him (her teacher).
Words and expressions
1. pedantic (paragraph 3)
pedant: a person who annoys other people by correcting small errors.
a dull pedant
A pedantic insistence on following rules exactly. 墨守成规
be pedantic about: be very particular about
Some people can be very pedantic about punctuation.
It was pedantic rather than reasonable, just to the point of being grotesque.
He is learned, but neither stuffy nor pedantic.
2. submit (5)
submit an application/claim/proposal etc.
Derek has agreed to submit to questioning
They refused to submit to the unjust decision.
He submitted unwillingly to his mother.
submit that...= the way sb. looks at it.
I submit that the jury has been influenced by the publicity in the case.
3.flight (8)
(1)a formation of aircraft in flight
The flight of a bullet/baseball/rocket to the moon
An overnight flight/ a translantic flight
(2)a stairway (set of steps) between one floor or landing and the next
Her apartment is five flights up.
He fell down a flight of stairs.
(3)the act of escaping physically
The sound of danger gives wings to his flight.
The bandits, hearing steps, took to flight.
(4)passing above and beyond ordinary bounds
Flight of fancy/imagination/fantasy
(5)a flock of flying birds
A flight of geese
A flight of refugees
A bird in flight
4. in the swim (17): at the center of action and up-to-date with the latest information and trends.
I don't know about it exactly. I don't think even those who are in the swim can tell you about it. Although I'm retired, voluntary work keeps me in the swim
5. covet (23): to have a very strong desire to have something that someone else has.
The Michelin Awards are coveted by restaurants all over the world.
His religion warns against coveting material goods.
We do not covet anything from any nation.
Never covet what is not yours, for it is a sin to steal a pin.
6. carriage (26)
(1) a rail car where passengers ride; a vehicle with wheels drawn by one or more horses
(2) characteristic way of bearing one's body
She has a supple, graceful carriage.
7. go steady (30&147): to have a regular romantic or sexual relationship with a particular person. He asked me if he could go steady with me?
He preferred play the field than go steady.
8. wax (50)
(1) cover with wax
He waxed the car.
(2) increase in phase;
Interest in the story seems to wax and wane depending on other news.
Her feelings for John wax and wane
Why should the moon have wax and wane?
wax sentimental/eloquent/lyrical/nostalgic/poetic etc. about
He asxed nostalgic about his childhood.= He talked/wrote nostalgically about his childhood.
9.bat (70): to hit the ball with a bat in cricket or baseball
The cat batted the balloon with its paws.
He was trying to bat the flies away with his newspaper
bat one's eyes/eyelashes(usually used to described woman flirting)
not bay an eye/eyelid: not seem to be shocked, surprised or embarrassed.
They started talking about sex, but she didn't bat an eyelid.
10. fraught (98): causing or having a lot of emotional stress or worry.
a fraught of silence/atmosphere
fraught with: full of (usually something bad)
Fraught with problems/difficulties/dangers/errors etc.
The journey was fraught with difficulties
The expedition into the jungle was fraught with danger
11. hamstring (119): to make sb. Unable to take action they want or need to take.
The president feels he is hamstrung by the Congress.
The state prosecutors and police organizations were adamantly opposed, believing that videotaping would be expensive and cumbersome, and would hamstring their ability to close cases
The project was hamstrung by lack of funds.
12. overcome (151)
He struggled to overcome his shyness.
His financial problems could no longer be overcome.
I was overcome by a sense of failure.
The girl appeared to be overcome with homesickness.
overcome with
Charles was overcome with grief.
When news of the General's death came, soldiers were overcome with grief.
Lesson 6
Paraphrase
1. Your imagination comes to life, and this, you think, is where Creation was begun. (Para. 1) Paraphrase: The landscape makes your imagination vivid and lifelike, and you believe that the creation of the whole universe was begun right here.
Translation: 大地的景色激活了你的想象力，使你相信整个宇宙的创始就从这里开始。
Note: Different cultures and religions have different myths about how the universe began. The Creation, with a capitalized "C" and the definite article "the," is a theological term, meaning the act by God, according to the Bible, of making the universe, including the world and everything in it. Here the author capitalizes the word but omits the article "the," perhaps to show that he is talking about the creating of the universe as a Kiowa imagines. Later in the essay he talks about the emergence of his people according to the Kiowa myth.
2. But warfare for the Kiowas was preeminently a matter of disposition rather than of survival. (Para. 3)
Paraphrase: Warfare was important for the Kiowa more because of their militant tendency than because of their need for survival. In other words, the Kiowa often fought just because they were good warriors, because they fought out of habit, character, nature, not because they needed extra land or material gain for the sake of surviving and thriving.
disposition: a particular type of character which makes someone more likely to behave or react in
a certain way; temperament; an inclination, tendency. The word disposition is used to refer to the normal or prevailing aspect of one's nature. 性情，性格，癖性，意向
Translation: 对于基奥瓦人来说，打仗主要是性情使然，而不是为了生存的需要。
3. …and they never understood the grim, unrelenting advance of the U.S. Cavalry. (Para. 3)
Paraphrase: The Kiowa didn't know why the U.S. Cavalry kept advancing toward them so cruelly and relentlessly.
grim: fierce; cruel; savage.
unrelenting: relentless, refusing to yield; inflexible.
Note: Why didn't the Kiowa understand the grim, unrelenting advance of the U.S. Cavalry? Wars were common among different Indian tribes. The cause of war was simple. They either fought for the simple necessity of survival or to display their bravery. When one side won a battle, they would typically stop advancing upon their defeated enemy but would celebrate their victory. Yet, the U.S. Cavalry seemed different. They never gave up advancing even when they won. This puzzled the Indians. The truth is that the U.S. Cavalry was sent to accompany and protect the non-Indian, mostly white, settlers. In the 19th century, the American frontier kept moving westward. This westward expansion brought constant conflicts between Native Americans and non-Indian newcomers. When such conflicts occurred, the U.S. Government and Army would invariably be on the side of the latter.
4. My grandmother was spared the humiliation of those high gray walls by eight or ten years. (Para. 3)
Paraphrase: Luckily, my grandmother did not suffer the humiliation of being put into a closure for holding animals, for she was born eight or ten years after the event.
to spare: to save or free a person from something (e.g. to spare someone trouble)
Translation: 幸运的是，我的祖母晚出生了十来年，所以她免受围困在灰色高墙里当囚犯的耻辱。
5. From one point of view, their migration was the fruit of an old prophecy, for indeed they emerged from a sunless world. (Para. 4)
Paraphrase: In a sense, their migration confirmed the ancient myth that they entered the world from a hollow log, for they did emerge from the sunless world of the mountains.
an old prophecy: This refers to their origin myth.
the sunless world: This refers to the mountains of Montana where they had lived before their migration to the Great Plains. Those mountains were so high and were covered with such dense forests that the sunlight could not penetrate them.
Translation: 从某种意义上说，他们的迁移证实了他们的古老神话传说，因为他们确实来自一个不见阳光的世界。
6. Clusters of trees and animals grazing far in the distance cause the vision to reach away and wonder to build upon the mind. (Para. 7)
Paraphrase: The earth unfolds and the limit of the land is far in the distance, where there are clusters of trees and animals eating grass. This landscape makes one see far and broadens one's horizon.
Note: Remember that they could not see far into the distance in the forest-covered mountains.
cause the vision to reach away: make one see far into the distance, broaden one's horizon cause...wonder to build upon the mind: cause wonder to grow, make their imagination grow Translation: 一丛丛的树以及远处吃草的动物使得人们的视线变得开阔，增强了想象力。
7. …so exclusive were they of all mere custom and company. (Para. 10)
Paraphrase: The meaning of this sentence is that his grandmother's prayers did not follow any customary way of praying, and she did not want anyone else to hear them.
exclusive (of): not including or allowing for (e.g. the cost exclusive of taxes)
custom and company: Alliteration again. "Custom" means a usual practice, a habitual way of behaving; habit. "Company" means companionship, a group of people gathered for a social purpose, etc.
Translation: 祖母的祷告既不遵守习惯，也不需要别人的参与。
8. Transported so in the dancing light among the shadows of her room, she seemed beyond the reach of time. (Para. 10)
Paraphrase: In this way she was entranced in the dancing light among the shadows of her room, and she seemed to be timeless; it seemed that she would live forever.
to transport: carry away with emotion; entrance
beyond the reach of time: timeless. The implied meaning is that she would live forever.
Translation: 她是那样的情不自禁，在屋影的跳动光线中，她显得超越了时间的掌控。
9. The women might indulge themselves; gossip was at once the mark and compensation of their servitude. (Para. 12)
Paraphrase: On such occasions, the women could do what they liked to do but normally couldn't do, such as gossiping, joking and making loud, elaborate talk among themselves. Gossip revealed their position as servants of men and was also a reward for their servitude.
to indulge oneself: to give way to one's own desires
Translation: 在这样的场合，妇女们可以借机稍事放纵，做点自己喜欢做而平时不能做的事，比如聚在一起七嘴八舌地闲聊，这既表明她们的伺候男人的地位，也是对服务劳动的回报。
Words and expressions
1. knoll: a small natural hill
2. writhe: to move in a twisting or contorted motion, (especially when struggling);
The prisoner writhed in discomfort.
3. infirm
(1) lacking bodily or muscular strength or vitality
She's old and infirm and has to keep to the house.
(2) lacking firmness of will or character or purpose
It's an infirm title to property.
4. headwaters: the source of a river
the headwaters of the Nile
5. fork: the region of the angle formed by the junction of two branches
We came to a fork in the road and could not decide which fork we should take.
6. slave
(1) work very hard, like a slave
We are born to slave it for our lord.
(2) a person who is owned by someone
This slave dreamed of becoming a freeman.
7. engender: call forth
Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution.
8. consummate
(1) having or revealing supreme mastery or skill
a consummate artist
(2) perfect and complete in every respect; having all necessary qualities.
a complete gentleman
(3) make perfect; bring to perfection
His ambition was consummated when he received his doctor's degree from Cambridge.
9. sacrifice
(1) a loss entailed by giving up or selling something at less than its value
He had to sell his car at a considerable sacrifice.
(2) kill or destroy
The animals were sacrificed after the experiment.
The general had to sacrifice several soldiers to save the regiment.
10. beadwork: ornamentation with beads
11. warlord: supreme military leader exercising civil power in a region especially one accountable to nobody when the central government is weak
All these movements were suppressed by the warlord government.
12. hie: move fast
He rushed down the hall to receive his guests.
The cars raced down the street.
Lesson 7
Paraphrase
1. It was that they, much more than other books, had the demeanor and trappings of authority.
(1)
Translation: 是因为和其他书比起来，历史书看起来充满了权威。
2. Columbus is far from being the only personage to have suffered from time and revision. (4)
Paraphrase: Columbus is not the only historical figure who has been forgotten or marginalized by the rewriting of school history textbooks.
personage: a person (often used to express their importance, or elevated status)
Person, individual, and personage are terms applied to human beings. Person is the most general and common word: the average person. Individual views a person as standing alone or as a single member of a group: the characteristics of the individual. Personage is used (sometimes ironically) of an outstanding or illustrious person: We have a distinguished personage visiting us today.
3. Their orthodoxy, it seemed, left no handholds for attack, no lodging for decay. (7)
This is an explanation of the earlier sentence, an elaboration of what FitzGerald meant by "permanent" and "self-contained."
handhold: something for a hand to grip
lodging: being fixed, implanted, or caught in a place or position
decay: the process of declining in quality, power, or vigor
Paraphrase:
It seemed that the ideas that the textbooks advocated could not possibly be challenged and that they would remain true forever.
Translation: 历史书的正统观念看起来无懈可击, 永不衰败。
4.Such passages have a familiar ring. Amid all the problems, the deus ex machina of science still dodders around in the gloaming of pious hope.
have a familiar ring: sound or seem as though one has already heard of something.
Example: That story has a familiar ring; I'm sure I've read it before.
Paraphrase: Such paragraphs remind us of an earlier version of how technological advances were looked upon as the magic bullet for all sorts of problems.
pious hope: a wish or hope that is unlikely to be fulfilled
FitzGerald uses personification to describe how people have placed unrealistic hope in the power of science—science lingers on as "a god from a machine" that…though unrealistic hopes for its efficacy persist.
Paraphrase: Americans still look upon science as an easy solution to all the problems, although we all know this is a hope that is unlikely to be fulfilled.
Translation: 在问题面前，美国人仍然希望科学之神能够从天而降，神奇地解决一切问题，但这样的愿望虚无缥缈、不切实际。
Words and expressions
1. abject (1)
(1) extremely bad or severe
They were in abject misery.
The project ended in abject failure.
(2) very humble, feeling or showing shame
He offered an abject apology.
The most abject slaves joined in the revolt.
(3) very weak, lacking courage or strength
She thought he was an abject coward.
2. homage (1)
(1) respect or honor
People bowed in homage to the king as he passed away.
Her paintings pay homage to women artists to the past.
Mary came to pay homage to the dead man.
(2) something that is done to honor sb./ sth.
Her book is an homage to her favorite city.
3. rise to prominence (4)
A coffeehouse chain like Starbucks can rise to prominence by creating an imitation of Milan's espresso bars.
prominence: the fact of important and being well-known
come to/rise to/achieve/gain prominence as something
She first came/rose to prominence as an artist in 1989.
He quickly gained prominence in medical circles.
give something prominence: to treat something as something important.
Every newspaper gave prominence to the success of England's footballers.
4. walk-on: a minor part in a play or movie
In the early stage of his acting career, Mr.Zhou always played walk-on roles.
5. implacable (7) : opposed to somebody in an angry way
Charley is the implacable enemy of mine.
He has an implacable hatred for his opposed opponents.
The government faces implacable opposition on the issue of nuclear waste.
implacably
They are implacably opposed to his proposals.
He remained implacably opposed to Stalin's regime all his life.
implacable opposition
6. embodiment (7) : someone or something represents or is very typical of an idea or quality Beauty is the embodiment of character.
General Zarodd was depicted as the embodiment of evil.
7. rattletrap (8) : any machine or vehicle that does not run smoothly, a shaky, rattling aspect. How can anyone be comfortable in such a miserable old rattletrap of a place of this?
Then the car, which was nothing but an old rattletrap affair, was allowed to burn up.
They are more than the ground looks forward to the money scrape up that will work to come down jointly, rebuild the rattletrap old building in the home.
8. have a familiar ring (8) : to seem or sound like something you have heard or seen before
Her name had a familiar ring to it.
I didn't know who is talking, but his voice had a familiar ring.
The story had a familiar ring to it(= as if I had heard it before).
9. amount to (10)
His investments amount to five million dollars.
What he said amounts to a flat refusal though he didn't put it explicitly.
10. spectrum (11)
(1) the group of colors that a ray of light can be separated.
Beautiful scarves in all the colors of spectrum.
(2) a complete range of different ideas, opinions etc.
There's a wide spectrum of opinions on this problem.
across idedogical/ political/ cultural/ methodological spectrum
the whole/ full spectrum of .. = a wide range of ..
The city's populations represent a broad spectrum of society.
The documentary is an attempt to explore the whole spectrum of 20th century.
11. stage (11)
(1) to produce on a stage
Maya Angelou first staged the play "And I Still Rise" in the late 1970s.
(2) to organize and produce a public event
The student staged a protest/ demonstration/ sit-in.
The prisoners are staging a hunger strike.
Last week our school staged a track meet.
(3) to arrange or do something that is intended to get a lot of public attention
The photo of the two leaders shaking hands was deliberately staged.
12. accord (11)
(1) go together
accord with something = to be in agreement with something
His interpretation of data did not accord with the facts.
The punishment accorded with the current code of discipline.
Your behavior does not accord with your principle.
(2) allow to have
He was accorded certain favors because of his age.
Her students accorded her respect.= She was accorded respect by her students.
We accord great importance to education.
Every school accords high priority to the quality of teaching.
13. paragon (12) an ideal instance; a perfect embodiment of a concept
paragon of
He's no moral paragon.
The company is a paragon of modern manufacturing techniques.
The professor is a paragon of virtue and learning.
14. transcend (13): to rise above or go beyond the normal limits of something
The music transcend anything she had heard before.
She was able to transcend her own suffering and help others.
15. There is no such thing as
There is no such thing as a free lunch/ bad publicity/ a stupid questioning.
16. Leave one to one's fate = abandon one to one's fate: to abandon somebody to whatever happen, possibly death or some other unpleasant events
There were forced to leave the miners to their fate.
17. appreciably: to a noticeable degree
Her appearance has not changed appreciably.
18. in step with somebody/something = in agreement with: at the same speed or level as somebody or something else
She is very much in step with times.
Gasoline prices rise in step with oil prices.
He found it hard to stay/keep in step with the rapid changes.
Lesson 10
Paraphrase
1. Such girls live in quiet black neighborhoods where everybody is gainfully employed. (2)
where everybody is gainfully employed: where everybody has a good and steady job 每个人都有一份稳定的好工作
gainfully: producing gain, profitable
All the details about the quiet black neighborhoods, porch swings, neatly cut grass, and potted plants lining the steps and windowsills indicate that these brown girls live in pretty houses. According to white, middle-class values, a pretty and comfortable house is one of the essentials of a happy home. In the primer used at the beginning of the novel, the first quality of the happy family is a pretty house: "Here is the house. It is green and white. It has a red door. It is very pretty."
2. In short, how to get rid of the funkiness. (3)
Note:
This is another incomplete sentence. A complete sentence would be: In short, the whole purpose of their education is to get rid of the funkiness. In the author's opinion, the funkiness is an important aspect of the black character. So, getting rid of the funkiness is alienating black people from their black cultural heritage.
funkiness: "Funkiness" is obviously an important word in our text. It is repeated three times in the next sentence, and the word "funk" is capitalized in Paragraph 4. Yet, it is hard to explain the exact meaning of this term, and even harder to find a single Chinese equivalent for it. As a music genre it is translated into 放克in Chinese. "Funky" has several meanings. It is associated with a jazz style having an earthy quality derived from early blues or gospel music. It may mean unconventional, eccentric, offbeat, etc. It also may mean very emotional, informal, relaxed, casual, etc. Funk is associated with spontaneity and sensuality. A number of Chinese terms may be applied to describe "funky": 自然原始的，质朴的，本性的
3. Nor do they know that she will give him her body sparingly and partially. (6)
As the brown girl defines sex as vulgar and indecent, she will not enjoy normal sexual life thoroughly and wholly but will restrain herself in making love with her husband.
4. ..until four o'clock, when the intruder comes home from work vaguely anxious about what's for dinner. (8)
The intruder is her husband. She has built her own territory, in which the only living thing that engages her affection is the cat. Before her husband comes home she has played and dozed off with the cat peacefully so that her husband is like an intruder.
5. A son. Named Junior.(9)
6. There she built her nest, ironed shirts, potted bleeding hearts, played with her cat, and birthed Louis Junior. (10)
She is one of the standard brown girls who live a meaningless and monotonous life.
7. She had seen this little girl all of her life. (48)
Geraldine had seen black girls like Pecola in many places and at many times in the past.
8. The girls grew up knowing nothing of girdles, and the boys announced their manhood by turning the bills of their caps backward.
Paraphrase:
As the girls were growing into young women, they had never worn girdles to make their
figure look slimmer, and thus more elegant; and when the boys grew up, they just began to wear their caps with the bills turned backward to indicate that they had become adults.
Note:
As we know, in some cultures, manhood is announced and celebrated with certain formal rites. However, for these poor black boys, there was no ritual ceremony to mark this important stage of their lives, except for taking up some habits that adult men had, such as smoking or turning the bills of their caps backward.
girdle: a piece of women's underwear which fits tightly around her stomach, bottom
and hips and makes her look thinner
manhood: the state or time of being a man
bill: the peak or visor of a cap
Translation:
这些女孩发育成大人了，却不知紧身褡为何物。而男孩子把鸭舌帽的帽檐转到后脑勺就算宣布自己是成人了。
9. The cat shuddered and flicked his tail. (51)
10. She held her head down against the cold. But she could not hold it low enough to avoid seeing the snowflakes falling and dying on the pavement. (53)
In the concluding paragraph of the story, the author loads meaning into the description of how Pecola walked away from the house in cold wind. A cold wind was blowing and snow was falling. The snowflakes were falling and dying on the pavement. Why is the word "dying" chosen for describing the falling snowflakes? Doesn't that imply that something in the heart of Pecola also died? We can see that the cold wind and snow reflect the coldness Pecola felt after the event; the coldness in nature reflects the coldness in human relationships.
Translation: 外面，三月的风吹进了她撕破的衣裙。她顶着冷风，垂着头。不过，头垂得再低，她也看得到雪花纷纷飘落到人行便道上并立刻消融。
Words and expressions
1. sway
(1) a swinging movement from side to side
(2) literary power to rule or influence people
under somebody's sway
She was completely under his sway.
These old attitudes still hold sway in the church.
2. grit: determination and courage
The council is responsible for putting grit on icy roads.
3. bout
a bout of depression/flu/sickness etc.
a bout of employment
4. whine
He could hear the dog whining behind the door.
whine about
They do not sweat and whine about their condition.
5. bill
give somebody a clean bill of health
大学英语精读Book2 词汇复习题
UNIT 8 MONEY 1. Mr. Verder never thought that he would become a member of the board of directors (董事会) because of his __________ origin. A. humble B. previous C. critical D. false 2. __________ he told us __________. A. Until; that we understood B. Not until; did we understand C. It was not until; that did we understand D. Not until; then we understood 3. Now Thomson has obtained __________ from his boss to extend the field of his investigation. A. purchase B. insurance C. determination D. permission 4. __________ I had calmed down, my brain was also beginning to work much better. A. For B. Now that C. Lest D. Despite 5. My mother is anxious to hear any information __________ the results of election. A. concerned B. being concerned C. concerning D. having concerned 6. I spent the whole day repairing the car. The work was __________ easy. A. nothing but B. anything but C. something except D. all but 7.They are turned around in a huge machine to get them __________ the forces they will experience in space flight. A. use B. used C. used to D. be used to 8. Barbara __________ in doing it again though she had failed more than a dozen times. A. consisted B. insisted C. persisted D. assisted 9. Very few experts __________ with completely new answers to the world's economic problems. A. come to B. come round C. come on D. come up 10. Conservative (保守的) people tend to __________ traditional ideas. A. stick to B. turn out C. set aside D. take over 11. The development of industry __________ the attitudes of men toward art and architecture. A. effected B. spun C. affected D. instructed 12. My __________ to this problem is quite different from his. A. manner B. approach C. behavior D. means 13. John __________ the results of the election with amazing accuracy. A. examined B. predicted C. overlooked D. governed 14. Disabled people should not be __________ the chances to study in university. A. forbidden B. prevented C. rejected D. denied 15. The Prime Minister refused to __________ on the rumor that he had planned to give up his position. A. relate B. frown C. comment D. catch UNIT 7 CULTURE 1. He left the spot immediately, afraid of being ________ in the car accident. A. connected B. taken C. seated D. involved 2. As the dictionary says, “graciousness” ________ means being polite, kin d and generous. A. literally B. gracefully C. exactly D. constantly 3. He insisted that she ________ improve her oral English by doing a lot of practice. A. could B. would C. might D. should 4. We don't believe that those special kinds of leaves are _______. A. actual B. edible C. ridiculous D. comprehensive 5. She was scared to ________ her father’s wishes. A. go about B. go through C. go against D. go on 6. Many a parent ________ to go through this same painful process. A. have B. has C. are having D. is having 7. ________ the war finally came to an end. A. It was not until 1972 that B. No sooner it was 1972 than C. Hardly it was 1972 that D. Scarcely it was 1972 when 8. He drove to the airport to ________ Mr. Dixon who came to see him from Orillia. A. pick up B. set out C. call for D. tone down 9. It is considerate ________ you to do me a favor at this moment. A. to B. for C. of D. about
大学英语精读第5册问题详解1-8单元最完整版
第一课 大学英语精读第五册课后习题答案（1u）(2010-07-20 13:49:10) 标签：答案教育分类：大学英语 V ocabulary work 一 1. given 2. at a glance 3. fluency 4. Given 5. hopefully 7. define 8. looked him up 9. no good 10. quoted, context 11. guidance 12. immediate 13. disgust 14. come across 15. put into practice 16. scope 二 1. washed his hands of 2. given 3. putting…into practice 4. was confronted with 5. countering 6. were reduced to eating 7. at a glance 8. took refuge in 9. less practicable 10. countered 11. dedication 12. in disgust 13. relied on 14. for their part 15. gave up 三 1. Without suitable entertainment, these young people often get bored and take refuge in drinking and taking drugs. 2. The school washed its hands of the students’ behavior during the spring recess. 3. The innocent girl was reduced to crying at his cruel remarks. 4. Many difficult words are out of the scope of his learner’s dictionary. 5. The thief admitted his guilt as soon as he was confronted with evidence. 6. The incident should be viewed in the wider context of the political turmoil of that time. 四 1. has come down 2. came to 3. comes out 4. come up with 5. come in 6. came across 7. has come about 8. come off 9. come to 10. give up 11. was given back 12. gave away 13. gave out 14. give in 15. gives off/out cloze 1. express 2. both 3. intended 4. still 5. where 6. personal 7. of 8. them 9. make 10. before 11. still 12. before 13. fluent 14. while 15. enough 16. on 17. in 18. In
现代大学英语精读单词
U n i t 1 Baptist counsel encyclopedia agenda attitudinal contribute crisis endeavor ethical ethnic masculine resentment evaluate feminine adulthood option perceive project excessive functional genetic inherit interaction peer process stressful endowment ethnic adolescence affirm approval unquestionably heighten inhibition internalize newscast
rebel seminary theological wardrobe unit4 bearded Cynicism elegant guffaw lunatic monarch page pebble scant scratch block elaborately fountain half-naked nudge olive paradox privacy scoop squatter stroll titter sweat unit5 abundance adapt angler biocide birch bound built-in
chorus colossal confined considerable throb trout vegetation migrant suppress synthetic contamination counterpart deliberate ecologist evolve fern flame flicker gear harmony immune reserve score sicken span spiral subject mold outbreak potent primitive puzzle rapidity resurgence midst modify organism
大学英语精读3单词
Glossary lesson 1 academic 学院的adolescence 青春期adolescent 青少年时期adulthood 成年 affection 喜爱 affirm 断言 agenda 日程表 anxiety 焦虑 attitudinal 态度的 baptist bounce 跳跃 capability 能力contribute 贡献 counsel 建议 crisis 危机 definite 清楚的developmental 发育的distinct 区分，差别distressed 悲伤 dorm 公寓，宿舍(大学生)
encyclopedia 百科全书endeavor 尝试endowment 天赋 ethical 道德的ethnic evaluate 估算，评估excessive 过分的，极度的feminine 女性的 financial 财政的 functional 职务的 genetic 基因的 guilt 内疚 heighten 提高 inherit 遗传，继承inhibition 压抑的情绪interact 交流 interaction 合作 involve （成功的）必要条件journal 期刊 masculine 男性的 maturity 成熟 mistrust 不信任
newscast 新闻广播parental 父母的 peer 同龄人 perceive 理解 position 工作 prejudiced 偏见 project 规划 rebel 抗议 relate 理解，同情某人resentment 怨恨 role 职责 seminary 学院的separation 分开 sexual 2性的 shrink 缩水 stressful 有压力的superior 优秀的theological 神学的unquestionably 毫无疑问的lesson2
现代大学英语精读1第二版
Page 39 6. Translate the following sentences into English. 1.It seemed impossible to me, but all the others looked very confident. Sth. seems (to be) + adj.(表) + to sb. 2.We looked around. There wasn't a building standing in sight. The earthquake seemed to have destroyed everything. Sth. /sb. +（seem + to do）复合谓语3.He seems to be in low spirits these days. Sth./Sb. + seem to be + 表语 wonder why. I think it's because he doesn't seem to be making much progress in his studies. He is afraid of being looked down upon by his classmates. Sb. + seem to do sth There seems to be 4.What are you looking for, Dick? I seem to have lost my key. How annoying! 5.If you find that a word doesn't seem to
make any sense in the sentence, you should look it up in the dictionary. That's the only way to learn to use a word. 6.They went on arguing for hours. Neither of them seem (to be) willing to listen to each other. I suddenly remembered someone saying "Discussion is an exchange of knowledge while argument is an exchange of ignorance." 7.The situation there seems to be very complicated. The government has promised to look into it. 8.My grandpa seems to be getting better and better, but he still needs somebody to look after him. 9.Economists have already come to the conclusion that the crisis seems to be coming to an end. W orld economy is looking up. 10.When I got well I looked at my bank account. To my sadness, I found my balance was almost zero. All my savings in
大学英语精读第5册规范标准答案8单元汇编版
-* 第一课 大学英语精读第五册课后习题答案（1u）(2010-07-20 13:49:10)转载 标签：答案教育分类：大学英语 V ocabulary work 一 1. given 2. at a glance 3. fluency 4. Given 5. hopefully 7. define 8. looked him up 9. no good 10. quoted, context 11. guidance 12. immediate 13. disgust 14. come across 15. put into practice 16. scope 二 1. washed his hands of 2. given 3. putting…into practice 4. was confronted with 5. countering 6. were reduced to eating 7. at a glance 8. took refuge in 9. less practicable 10. countered 11. dedication 12. in disgust 13. relied on 14. for their part 15. gave up 三 1. Without suitable entertainment, these young people often get bored and take refuge in drinking and taking drugs. 2. The school washed its hands of the students’ behavior during the spring recess. 3. The innocent girl was reduced to crying at his cruel remarks. 4. Many difficult words are out of the scope of his learner’s dictionary. 5. The thief admitted his guilt as soon as he was confronted with evidence. 6. The incident should be viewed in the wider context of the political turmoil of that time. 四 1. has come down 2. came to 3. comes out 4. come up with 5. come in 6. came across 7. has come about 8. come off 9. come to 10. give up 11. was given back 12. gave away 13. gave out 14. give in 15. gives off/out cloze 1. express 2. both 3. intended 4. still 5. where 6. personal 7. of 8. them 9. make 10. before 11. still 12. before 13. fluent 14. while 15. enough 16. on 17. in 18. In
现代大学英语精读教案
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U n i t1H a l f a d a y 教学目的 1. 了解作者及其背景知识； 2．熟悉本文使用的写作手法； 3．掌握修辞疑问句、倒装句等修辞手法； 4．熟练掌握三类构词法； 5．通过深刻理解文章内涵，培养学生社会洞察力和相关的讨论能力，同时掌握文中的核心语言点。 教学内容 1. 热身 2．作者 教育与背景 主要着作 创作观 3．作品赏析 结构分析 如何赏析文学作品 扩展式讨论 4．写作技巧 省略疑问句和修辞疑问句 倒装句 “with”独立结构 5．语言理解 长难句解析 核心词汇学习 band, convince, daze, exert, intricate, observe, overlook, rank, revolve, startle, uviverse, vary 介词练习 构词法：-tion; -volve; -ly 6．课堂讨论 7．练与讲 教学重点 1. 文学作品的赏析； 2．文学中的修辞手法――省略疑问句和修辞疑问句；倒装句；“with”独立结构 3．构词法：前缀 教学方法结合实际吸收各种教学法（讲授、问答、讨论、模仿、练习、多媒体使用）的优点。 教学手段用投影仪播放PowerPoint课件及板书；群发电子邮件布置课堂资料和课后作业（或其来源）。 ⅠAbout the author ★ Naguib Mahfouz was born on the 11th Dec. 1911 in an old quarter of Cairo, the youngest son of a merchant. （mummies and pyramids / sphinx 狮身人面）
大学英语精读第二册单词表
大学英语精读第二册单词表UNIT 1. Is There Life on Earth? NEW WORDS humorous a. funny; that makers people laugh 幽默的 humor n. essay n. 散文，随笔 excitement n. the state or quality of being excited planet n. large body in space that moves round a star esp. round the sun 行星Venusian a. of or having to do with the plant Venus 金星的 n. supposed Venus being 金星人 satellite n. spacecraft that goes round the planet earth and sends back radio and television signals; heavenly body that goes round a plant （人造）卫星 signal n. 信号；暗号 astronomer n. person who studies the science of the sun, moon, stars and planets 天文学家 telescope n. instrument with special glasses used for seeing distant things extremely ad. very 极端，非常 extreme a. feasibility ad. possibility of being carried or done 可行性 feasible a. manned a. occupied by one or more persons 载人的 saucer n. 浅碟；茶托 flying saucer n. 飞碟 conference n. meeting press conference n. meeting arranged by an important person to which news reporters are invited to listen to a statement or ask questions 记者招待会 technology
大学英语精读第五册
大学英语精读第五册 Unit 2 Translation Chinese to English 1.我认为向他求助是不现实的。事实上，他自己也需要帮助。 I don’t think it is realistic to turn to him for help．As a matter of fact, he himself is in need of help． 2.越来越多的人正在意识到与空气污染作斗争的迫切需要。 More and more people are being awakened to the urgent need of combating air pollution. 3.有明显的迹象表明一些古老的传统和价值观念采不再被年轻人珍视。 There are visible signs that some of the time-honored old traditions and values are no longer cherished by the young people. 4．我们许多人觉得宇宙无限这一概念难以理解。 Many of us find the notion of a boundless universe hard to grasp． 5. 因为法律和规章中有许多漏洞(loophole)，一小撮投机倒把者一夜之间暴富就没 有什么奇怪了。 There being so many loopholes in the laws and regulations, it is little wonder that a handful of speculators got rich overnight． 6. 旅游事业的空前兴旺使这个从前只住有三百人的边境小镇突然繁荣起来。 An unprecedented boom in tourism brought sudden prosperity to the small border town, which was formerly inhabited by only three hundred people. 7．根据这一信息，该国已经具有制造核武器的能力。 In the light of the information, that country already has the capabilities to make nuclear weapons. 8.他不顾朋友的反复警告，把所有的钱都投向了高风险企业。 Regardless of repeated warnings from his friends，he staked all his money on high-risk ventures. 大学英语精读第五册 Unit 4 TRANSLATION Chinese to English 1. 有人说对于不公正的批评的最好反映是原谅和忘却（不念旧恶）。 Somebody says that the best response to unfair criticies is to forgive and forget. 2. 天哪，你为什么不给我打电话？ For God’s sake, why didn’t you call you? 3．绝望之中，我一脚把门踢开，结果发现他躺在床上，已经昏迷不醒。 I kicked the door open with desperation, and found him lying in the bed unconciously. 4．那机修工气愤地把工具扔到一边，再也不肯干了。
大学英语精读第一册unit1—10单词
1.s trategy n. 策略 2.m eans n.方法，手段 3.d iligence n.勤勉，用功diligent a. 4.p rolonged a.持续很久的，长时间的 5.p rolong vt.延长，拖延 6.n evertheless ad.然而，尽管如此 7.c ommand n.掌握 8.s ustained a.持久的，坚持不懈的 9.s ustain vt. 保持，使继续下去 10.helpful a.有帮助的，乐于助人的 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ff6914549.html,plain vi.抱怨 12.memorize vt.记住，背熟 13.cram vt.把…塞满 14.bound a.一定的，很可能的 15.constant a.经常的，不断的
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ff6914549.html,mit vt.把…托付给 17.acquaintance n.了解，认识，熟人 18.concentrate v.集中注意力，专心 19.effective a.有效的 20.route n.途径，路线 21.enlarge v.扩大，放大 22.vocabulary n.词汇（量） 23.idiom n.习语，成语 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ff6914549.html,age n.惯用法 25.basis n.方法，基础 26.addition n.增加，加法 27.repetition n.重复 28.opportunity n.机会 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ff6914549.html,municate v.交流情况，沟通 30.enjoyable a.令人愉快的
31.campus n.校园 32.rehearsal n.排演，预演 33.partner n.同伴 34.instance n.事例 35.detail n.详情,细节 36.purchase n.购买,购置物vt.购买 37.environment n.环境 38.reliable a.可靠的 39.source n.来源,出处 40.handle vt.处理,对付 41.apart ad.相距,分开地 42.assign vt.分配(任务)给某人 43.motivation n.动机,动力 44.motivate vt.使有动机 45.culture n.文化 46.summarize vt.总结,概括
大学英语精读四1-5单元词汇题
Unit 1 1. A thoughtful person thinks before speaking and considers the feelings of others. （一个体贴的人往往先思考后说话，并且考虑别人的感受。） 2. The library is closing. We might as well go home.（图书馆关门了。我们不如回家去。） 3. I’d like to draw your attention to the fact that there is some sense after all in the speaker’s non sense.（我想让你注意这个事实，说话者的胡言乱语不是没有一点意义的。） 4. Harry has a vivid imagination; he can make up marvelous stories.（哈利想像力丰富，他能编出奇妙的故事。） 5. Although Margie was swimming so well, she failed to win the first prize and had to settle for th e second.（玛吉尽管游泳游得很好，但却没能得第一，屈居第二。） 6. I’m quite determined to have the thing finished and done with before leaving the office.（我决定在下班前把事情做完。） 7. Competitive sports are recommended to young adults to prepare them for the competitive wor ld of college and business.（大学生们被推荐参与竞争性的体育运动，为他们适应充满竞争的大学和商业活动做准备。） 8. It pained/pains me to admit that I was such a fool as to repeat the mistake.（承认自己是个重复犯同一错误的傻瓜使我痛心。） 9. I lay on the beach after an enjoyable bathe, drinking a leisurely glass of beer.（愉快地洗了一个澡后，我躺在沙滩上，悠闲地品着一杯啤酒。） 10. A soldier should never shrink from the duty of defending his country even in the face of certa in death.（即使面临死亡，战士也不应逃避保卫祖国的职责。） 11. Due to exceptionally bad weather, the ship arrived late and the delivery of goods was not on time.（由于天气格外糟糕，船晚到了，货物没能按时送到。） 12. The streets echoed over and over again with the little girl’s piercing cries for her lost mother.（小女孩因失去母亲而哭喊的尖厉声在街道上回响着。） 13. People in my hometown tend to eat more sour food on hot summer days presumably becau se it could help quench their thirst.（在我们家乡，人们在炎热的夏天更喜欢吃酸的食物，可能是因为酸的食品能帮他们止渴。） 14. In the United States it is quite easy to find a place for rent, but the high cost keeps many young people away.（在美国，供出租的地方很容易找到，但高昂的价格常使年轻人却步。） 15. The professor was reluctant to stop grading the stack of papers on her desk, but she was re ally too tired to read on. （教授不太情愿停止给桌上的试卷评分，但她实在太累了，再也看不下去了。) Unit 2 1. The changes in the firm’s policy will have to be fundamental if they are to have any effect on it s future.（如果公司策略的变化想对未来有所影响的话，就必须是根本性的。） 2. Last month I deposited 50 yuan in my savings account, but this month I had to draw 200 to pa y for the cassette tape recorder.（上个月我存了50元钱，但这个月我必须提取200元买录音机。） 3. State financial support given in the form of scholarships has stimulated the students to greate r efforts.（以奖学金形式出现的国家财政支持促使学生们更加努力。） 4. If you spare half an hour for exercises every day you’ll soon be back in good condition.（如果你每天省下半个小时锻炼身体，那么你很快就会恢复健康
大学英语精读第5册第8单元
Unit8 Ⅲ. Vocabulary Activities 1. 1. guilty of 2. flames 3. equality 4. reminds of 5. was stripped of 6. justice 7. destiny 8. poverty 9. despair 10. discrimination 11. architect 12. pledges 13. degenerated 14. horror 15. threshold 16. crippled 2. 1. fallen heir to 2. obligation 3. legitimate 4. fatigue 5. fatal 6. thirst 7. transforms 8. bankrupt 9. In a sense 10. defaulted on 11. speeding up 12. sacred 13. tied up with 14. horror 15. underestimate 16. cool off 3. 1. The man confessed he had been guilty of theft. 2. David felt despair as he read the exam questions. 3. We are on the threshold of a new era in genetic engineering. 4. He was stripped of his knighthood after he was found guilty. 5. A taste of power left him with a thirst for more power. 6. A series of strikes have crippled some of the basic industries of that country. 4. 1. The increasing prosperity of the country was in a large measure attributable to the governm ent’s pursuit of a policy of economic reform. 2. The black leader took it as his sacred obligation to fight hard all his life to achieve racial equality. 3. The year 1976 saw the deaths of Premier Zhou En-lai, Marshal Zhu De and Chairman Mao Ze-dong, the three leading ar chitects of the People’s Republic. 4. On more than one occasion I reminded the principal of his promise to stand up for the legitimate interests of retired teachers. 5. The theme of the story is that a person’s destiny is closely tied up wit h that of the whole nation. 6. The large fortune the young man fell heir to enabled him to live out his dreams. 5. 1. stood up for 2. stand up 3. stand up for 4. stood for 5. stand by 6. stand up to 7. stood out 8. stand for 9. sit in 10. sat on 11. sit down 12. will sit for/sat for 13. sit up for 14. sitting in 15. sits up Ⅳ. Cloze
现代大学英语精读1 paraphrasing
Unit 1 1. They did not make me happy, however, as this was the day I was to be thrown into school for the first time. (1) Paraphrase: But my new clothes did not bring any happiness to me, because it was the day I was forced to go to school for the first time. 2.“Why school?” I asked my father. “What have I done?”(3) Paraphrase: Why do I have to go to school? I don’t think I’ve done anything wrong to be punished like this. 3. I did not believe there was really any good to be had in tearing me away from my home and throwing me into the huge, high-walled building. (5) Paraphrase: I didn’t think it was useful to take me away from home and put me into that building with high walls. 4. It was not all a matter of playing and fooling around. (15) Paraphrase: What we did at school wasn’t just playing and wasting time doing nothing useful. 5. In addition, the time for changing one’s mind was over and gone and there was no question of ever returning to the paradise of home. (16) Paraphrase: Besides, it was impossible for us to quit school and return to the good old days when we stayed home playing and fooling around all day. Our childhood was gone, never to come back. Unit 2 1. If banks were required to sell wallets and money belts, they might act less like churches. (para. 1) Paraphrase: Banks act like churches which usually control people’s life and can interfere in people’s life. So, the author thinks it is ridiculous for banks to act like churches. 2. It was lunchtime and the only officer on duty was a fortyish black man with short, pressed hair, a pencil mustache, and a neatly pressed brown suit. (para. 3) Paraphrase: uncurled hair, a thin mustache looking like a line drawn by a pencil, and a neat and tidy brown suit 3. Everything about him suggested a carefully dressed authority. (para. 3) Paraphrase: Everything about him—his clothes, manner, etc. indicated that he was a carefully dressed man