非谓语动词学案

2013高二一轮复习英语语法篇（Ⅲ）：非谓语动词

制卷人：郭延惠使用时间：2013-6-17 教师寄语：梦想是注定孤独的旅行，路上少不了质疑和嘲笑。但那又怎样？

哪怕遍体鳞伤，也要活的漂亮！

非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。以下两表是对非谓语动词形式和用法的简单概括：

注：其否定形式在非谓语前面加not

表2：非谓语动词的句法功能

考点一：非谓语动词做定语的用法

一、不定式作定语

不定式作定语时，须位于被修饰的名词或代词后面。以下几种情况常使用不定式作定语：1.表示将来的动作时。根据需要选用不定式的主动或被动形式。

例如：I borrowed some books to read during my holiday.

The meeting to be held tomorrow will influence the future of our school.

2.用来修饰被序数词、最高级或the only, the last, the next等限定的名词或代词。

例如：He was the best man to do the job.

She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.

3.被修饰的词是抽象名词时，用不定式作后置定语，且不定式常用主动形式。不定式与被修饰词是同位关系，说明被修饰词的内容。常见的有：ability, chance, idea, fact, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time等。

例如：Do you have the ability to read and write English ?

I have a chance to go sight –seeing.

【体验成功1】

1.（11湖南）The ability an idea is as important as the idea itself

A expressing

B expressed

C to express

D to be expressed

2.（10上海）That is the only way we can imagine the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.

A. reducing

B. to reduce

C. reduced

D. reduce

3.（10陕西）His first book next month is based on a true story.

A. published

B. to be published

C. to publish

D. being published

4.(10湖北)After she completes the project, she’ll have ____________（没什么要担心的）. (worry)

5.（10重庆）Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one ______first is the library.

A. repaired

B. being repaired

C. repairing

D. to be repaired

6.（09安徽）The play next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.

A. produced

B. being produced

C. to be produced

D. having been produced

7.（09山东）We are invited to a party _________in our club next Friday.

A. to be held

B. held

C. being held

D. holding

8.（09重庆）With the world changing fast, we have something new with all by ourselves every day.

A. deal

B. dealt

C. to deal

D. dealing

二、分词作定语(包括V-ing 和V-ed)

1．作定语的及物动词分词形式为:V–ing、 being + V-ed和V-ed。当被修饰的名词与分词为主动关系时，用V –ing；当被修饰的名词与分词为被动关系且表正在进行时，用being + 过去分词；当被修饰的名词与分词为被动关系且表完成时，用V-ed。

例如：The girl standing there is my sister.

The houses being built now are for the teachers.

He likes the gift bought by his father very much.

2．分词作定语时的位置：单个的分词一般放在被修饰词的前面；分词短语则放在被修饰词的后面，通常可转化为定语从句。

例如：The sleeping baby is my nephew.

The film being shown in the cinema is exciting.

She was busy sweeping the fallen leaves in the yard.

The old house left to him by his father was taken down this morning.

三、动名词做定语

动名词作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面，用于说明事物的用途或性能。

例如：a reading room = a room which is used for reading 阅览室

running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋

a working method =a method of working 工作方法

a walking stick= a stick (which is used) for walking 拐杖

思考一：不定式、过去分词和现在分词被动式作定语的区别？

＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

【体验成功２】

(11江苏) Recently a survey prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.

A．compared B．comparing C．compares D．being compared

(11福建) Tsinghua University, in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.

A. found

B. founding

C. founded

D. to be founded

(11湖南)The players from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game .

A selecting

B to selece

C selected

D having selected

【11江西】On receiving a phone call from his wife she had a fall, Mr. Gorden immediately rushed home from his office.

A. says

B.said

C.saying

D.to say

(10湖北)So far nobody has claimed the money in the library.

A. discovered

B. to be discovered

C. discovering

D. having discovered

（10四川）A great number of students said they were forced to practise the piano.

A. to question

B. to be questioned

C. questioned

D. questioning

（10全国I）Mrs.White showed her students some old maps ______ from the library.

A. to borrow

B. to be borrowed

C. borrowed

D. borrowing

（10北京）I’m calling to enquire about the position in yesterday’s China Daily.

A. advertised

B. to be advertised

C. advertising

D. having advertised

（09辽宁）When we visited my old family home, memory came ______ back.

A. flooding

B. to flood

C. flood

D. flooded

（09北京）For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit _____ on his own farm.

A. grown

B. being grown

C. to be grown

D. to grow

（09湖南）At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and ______ what to do about his future.

A. living; wondering

B. lived; wondering

C. lived; wondered

D. living; wondered

（09江西）The government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.

A. forced

B. forcing

C. to be forced

D. having forced

（09上海）With th e government’s aid, those _____ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.

A. affect

B. affecting

C. affected

D. were affected

（09浙江）There is a great deal of evidence _______ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.

A. indicate

B. indicating

C. to indicate

D. to be indicating

（08福建）—Can those at the back of the classroom hear me? —No problem.

A.seat

B.sit

C.seated

D.sat

考点二：非谓语动词做状语的用法

一、不定式做状语，只表示目的、结果或原因：

1. He hurried home only to find his money stolen. 他匆忙赶到家中，发现钱被盗了。（结果状语）注：不定式做结果状语时多表示出乎意料的结果，为了强调多在不定式前加上only.

2. To make himself heard, he raised his voice. 为了被听清楚，他提高了嗓门。（目的状语）

3. All of us are surprised to see his rapid progress. 看到他的进步，我们都很吃惊。(原因状语)

注：原因状语多用在喜、怒、衷、乐等情感类形容词或表示心理活动的词之后，不定式动作是该情感或心理活动产生的原因。

【体验成功3】

(11浙江) If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city

by their enthusiastic supporters.

A. being cheered

B. be cheeresd

C. to be cheered

D. were cheered

(11四川) Simon made a big bamboo box the little sick bird till it could fly.

A.keep

B.kept

C.keeping

D.to keep

(11重庆) More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced

people’s concern over food safety.

A.to raise

B.raising

C.to have raised

D. having raised

(10全国I) With Father’s Day around the corner ,I have taken some money out of the bank ______ presents for my dad.

A. buy

B. to buy

C. buying

D. to have bought

（10辽宁）We were astonished _______ the temple still in its original condition.

A. finding

B. to find

C. find

D. to be found

(09全国1) The children all turned ______the famous actress as she entered the classroom.

A. looked at

B. to look at

C. to looking at

D. look at

(09辽宁) ______, you need to give all you have and try your best.

A Being a winner

B To be a winner

C Be a winner

D Having been a winner

(09北京) All of them try to use the power of the workstation information in a more effective way.

A. presenting

B. presented

C. being presented

D. to present

(09海南) The children all turned the famous actress as she entered the classroom.

A. looked at

B. to look at

C. to looking at

D. look at

(09浙江) Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, _______reduce unemployment pressures.

A. help

B. to have helped

C. to help

D. having helped

二、分词作状语

1．分词作状语的基本原则

分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。

分词作状语必须和句中主语含有逻辑上的主谓（主动V-ing）或动宾（被动V-ed）关系，否则不能使用分词作状语。

2. 时间方面：现在分词的一般式(doing) 表示的动作与谓语动作（几乎）同时发生或发生在谓语动作之后；现在分词的完成式(having done/having been done)表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。过去分词(done)通常表示动作已完成。

3．分词作状语的句法功能

分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等，句子本身可与状语从句等句型转换。如：

1.When we heard the news, we jumped with joy.= ________ the news , we jumped with joy.

2.When it is heated, the metal expands. =_________, the metal expands.

3.Because he didn’t know how to do it, he went to his father for help.

= ___________how to do it, he went to his father for help.

4.As they were deeply moved, the children began to cry.

= _____________by the story, the children began to cry.

5. ________(look) out of the window, you can have a full view of the beach.

= If you look out of the window, you can have a full view of the beach.

6.Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake.

= _____________________________, he still repeated the same mistake.

【体验成功4】

(11全国) The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house.

A.rose

B.rising

C. to rise

D.risen

(11全国II) The island, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.

A. joining

B. to join

C. joined

D. having joined

(11全国II) Sara petended to be cheerful, nothing about the argument.

A. says

B. said

C. to say

D. saying

(11北京) Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, on you feet.

A. to keep

B. keeping

C. having kept

D. to have kept

(11天津) into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.

A. Translating

B. Translated

C. To translate

D. Having translated

(11上海) Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house, newly cleaned and polished.

A. looked

B. to look

C. looking

D. to be looking

(11上海春) in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the original fun park.

A. Opened

B. Having opened

C. Opening

D. Being opened

(11四川) an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.

A.Offer

B.Offering

C.Offered

D.To offer

(11陕西) More highways have been built in China,_ it much easier for people to travel form one place to another.

A. making

B. made

C. to make

D. having made

(11湖南) Do you wake up every morning energetic and ready to start a new day?

A. feel

B. to feel

C. feeling

D. felt

(11辽宁) around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.

A. Gather

B. To gather

C. Gathering

D. To be gathering

（10福建）Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake.

A. sending

B. to send

C. having sent

D. to have sent

（10安徽）the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.

A. Approaching

B. Approached

C. To approach

D. To be approached

(10安徽) He had a wonderful childhood, _____with his mother to all corners of the world

A. travel

B. to travel

C. traveled

D. traveling

(10江西) The lady walked around the shops, _______ an eye out for bargains.

A keep

B kept

C keeping

D to keep

(10天津) It rained heavily in the south, serious flooding in several provinces.

A. caused

B. having caused

C. causing

D. to cause

(10四川) The lawyer listened with full attention, to miss any point.

A. not trying

B. trying not

C. to try not

D. not to try

(10江苏) The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu ,________the students to return to their classrooms.

A. enabling

B. having enabled

C. to enable

D. to have enabled

(10陕西) _____ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees .

A. Seen

B. Seeing

C. Having seen

D. To see

(10全国Ⅱ) Though _________to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.

A. surprising

B. as surprised

C. surprised D being surprised

(10湖北) _______（paint油漆成）red, the building stands out among the rest and looks very attractive. (10北京) at my classmates’ faces, I read the same exci tement in their eyes.

A. Looking

B. Look

C. To look

D. Looked

(10重庆) The news shocked the public, _______to great concern about students’ safety at school.

A. having led

B. led

C. leading

D. to lead

考点三：非谓语动词做补语的用法

一．感官动词see, watch, observe, look at, notice, hear, listen to, find, catch, feel等后面的宾补有三种形式，即原形动词（不带to 的不定式）、现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表主动或正在进行，过去分词表被动或完成，动词原形表主动和完成。(注意：在主动语态中用不带to 的不定式作补语，但在被动语态中要加上to) 如：

I heard her sing an English song just now. 刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。

I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.

昨天经过她房间时，我听见她在唱英文歌。

I heard the English song sung many times.

我多次听到有人唱这首英文歌。

注意：不及物动词的过去分词作宾补表完成和状态。如：

I looked down at my neck and found my necklace gone. (状态)

I was surprised to find my hometown changed so much. (完成)

二．使役动词leave/keep/have/make/let的常考点

1、leave/keep/have/make 后接v-ing作宾补时，表示：―使……一直处于某种状态）。

如：It’s wrong of you to leave the machine running.

你让机器一直开着是不对的。

Don’t have the water running all the time. 不要让水流个不停。

然而：get sb. / sth. doing 表示：―使某人/物开始行动起来‖

如：The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.

休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进起来。

2、have sth. done = get sth. done ―使/让某事由别人去做‖（叫/让某人做某事）。

I’ll have /get my bike repaired tomorrow.

此外，have sth. done 还表示―使遭受……‖之意。

如：Tom had his leg broken while playing football.

然而：get sb. / sth. doing 表示：―使某人/物开始行动起来‖

如：The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.

休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进起来。

3、have sb. do sth. (get sb. to do sth. ) 使/让/叫某人去做某事

如：Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.

I can’t get him to stop smoking. He won’t listen to me.

【体验成功5】

【11浙江】Even the best writers sometimes find themselves for words.

A. lose

B. lost

C. to lose

D. having lost

【11重庆】Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself

of his own dreams.

A. reminding

B. to remind

C. reminded

D. remind

【11陕西】Claire had her luggage an hour before her plane left.

A.check

B.checking

C.to check

D.checked

【10湖南】Listen! Do you hear someone for help?

A. calling

B. call

C. to call

D. called

【10湖南】Dina, for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.

A. struggling

B. struggled

C. having struggled

D. to struggle

【10辽宁】Alexander tried to get his work _______in the medical circles.

A. to recognize

B. recognizing

C. recognize

D. recognized

【10上海】Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues with her stories.

A. amused

B. amusing

C. to amuse

D. to be amused

【09全国2】They use computers to keep the traffic smoothly.

A. being run

B. run

C. to run

D. running

【08江苏】To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English as much as we can.

A.speak

B.speaking

C.spoken

D.to speak

【09湖南】Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier .

A. reusing

B. reused

C. reuses

D. to be reused

【11北京】It’s importan t for the figures regularly.

A. to be updated

B. to have been updated

C. to update

D. to have updated

【11天津】Passeagers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.

A.to carry

B. carrying

C. to be carried

D. being carried

【07北京】—Excuse me sir, where is Room 301?

—Just a minute. I’ll have Bob ____you to your room.

A. show

B. shows

C. to show

D. showing

【07江苏】—Can I smoke here?

—Sorry. We don’t allow ______ here.

A. people smoking

B. people smoke

C. to smoke

D. smoking

考点四、非谓语动词作宾语

一、下面动词只能用不定式作宾语，请牢记下列小诗：

决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。

Decide / determine, learn, want, expect / hope / wish, refuse, manage, care, pretend, offer, promise, choose, plan, agree, ask / beg, help

此外，afford, strive（斗争）等也要用不定式作宾语。

例如：She pretended not to see me when I passed by.

We agreed to meet here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.

二、下列动词只能用动名词作宾语，请牢记下列小诗：

考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练，否认完成停欣赏，不禁介意准逃亡。consider / suggest / advise, look forward to, excuse, pardon, admit, delay/ put off, fancy, avoid, miss, keep / keep on, practise, deny, finish, enjoy / appreciate, can’t help, mind, allow / permit, escape, imagine, forbid, risk

此外be used to, look forward to, lead to, devote to, stick to, object to, get down to, pay attention to, can’t stand (无法忍受), give up, feel like, insist on, have difficulty / trouble (in).

have a good / wonderful /hard time (in)等动词词组也要用动名词作宾语。

例如：The bird was lucky that they just missed being caught.

I can hardly imagine Peter sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.

I would appreciate your calling back this afternoon.

三、下列动词或词组既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别，

1. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事forget doing sth. 忘记已经做过某事

remember to do sth. 记住去做某事remember doing sth. 记得曾经做过某事

regret to do sth. 后悔/遗憾去做某事regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事

stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事stop doing sth. 停止做一件事情

try to do sth. 努力/试图做某事try doing sth. 尝试着做某事

mean to do sth. 意欲/想/企图做某事mean doing sth. 意味着做某事

go on to do sth. (做完某事)接着做另一件事go on doing sth.继续做同一件事(=go on with sth.) can’t help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁地做某事

四、在动词allow, advise, forbid, permit 后直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。即：

allow / advise /forbid / permit doing sth.

allow / advise /forbid / permit sb. to do sth.

例如：We don’t allow smoking here.

We don’t allow students to smoke.

五、动词need, require, want 作“需要”解时，其后必须用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，表示事情需要做，need / require / want doing / to be done

例如：The door needs repairing.=The door needs to be repaired.

此外：be worth 后必须用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。

be worth doing be worthy of being done

be worthy of + n. 值得…… be worthy to be done

例如：The place is worth visiting. The place is worthy of a visit.

The place is worthy of being visited. The place is worthy to be visited.

那个地方值得一去。

【体验成功6】

【11四川】Ladex does’t feel like abroad. Her parents are old.

A. study

B. studying

C. studied

D.to study

【09陕西】I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.

A. to take

B. to be taken

C. taking

D. being taken

【09上海】Bill suggested _____ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.

A. having held

B. to hold

C. holding

D. hold

【08北京】It is worth considering what makes“convenience”foods so popular, and better ones of your own.

A. introduces

B. to introduce

C. introducing

D. introduced

【08上海春】As a new driver, I have to practice _____ the car in my small garage again and again.

A. parking

B. to park

C. parked

D. park

【08江西】I hear they’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention when we talked on the phone. A. to promote B. having been promoted C. having promoted D. to be promoted

【07 安徽】—Robert is indeed a wise man.

—Oh, yes. How often I have regretted ____his advice!

A. to take

B. taking

C. not to take

D. not taking

【06北京】I can’t stand ____with Jane in the same office. She just refuses ____talking while she works.

A. working; stopping

B. to work; stopping

C. working; to stop

D. to work; to stop

考点五、非谓语动词的其他考点

一、with的复合结构中作宾补的非谓语动词（doing/done/to do sth）和独立主格结构(名词/代词+doing/done/to do)

1.The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ___for a meal to be cooked.(10’山东)

A. laid

B. laying

C. to lay

D. being laid

2. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog them.（12辽宁）

A. to follow

B. following

C. followed

D. follows

3.With a lot of homework _____, I can’t go swimming with you.

A. to do

B. doing

C. done

D. to be done

4.The party will be held in the garden, weather .（12全国）

A. permitting

B. to permit

C. permitted

D. permit

5. Bats are surprsingly long-lived creatures, some a life span of around 20 years.（11浙江）

A.having B had C. have D. to have

6. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent ________at the end of last March.（07山东）

A. has been launched

B. having been launched

C. being launched

D. to be launched

思考二：在with复合结构和独立主格结构中doing/done/to do中表示的含义是什么？

doing表示：_________________________, done表示:_____________________________

to do表示：__________________________________________________________________

二、主动表被动的常考用法

1、不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词时，结构：主语+系动词+形容词+ 不定式；动词+宾语+形容词+不定式。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义，如difficult，easy，hard，cheap，comfortable(舒适的)，convenient(便利的，方便的)等，不定式用主动表被动。

例如：The question is difficult to answer. 这个问题很难回答。

I found the car comfortable to ride in. 我觉得这种车很好坐。

2、.不定式做定语，如果和所修饰的名词是动宾关系，又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，主动表被动。

例如：She has a sister to look after.

【练一练】

【12辽宁】This machine is very easy . Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.

A. operating

B. to be operating

C. operated

D. to operate

【11福建】The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable .

A. held

B. holding

C. be held

D. to hold

【11安徽】Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier into small pieces.

A. break

B. breaking

C. broken

D. to break

【08全国Ⅰ】I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good .

A.to be breathed

B.to breathe

C.breathing

D.being breathed

三、非谓语做主语、表语等用法

【2012浙江】No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it's better _____silent.

A. remain

B. be remaining

C. having remained

D. to remain

【10福建】In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.

A. sticking

B. stuck

C. to be stuck

D. to have stuck

【09四川】Ladies and gentlemen, please remain _______ until the plane has come to a complete stop.

A. seated

B. seating

C. to seat

D. seat

【08辽宁】Please remain ______; the winner of the prize will be announced soon.

A. seating

B. seated

C. to seat

D. to be seated

感悟九年自命题纵览齐鲁风情

1. Oil prices have been risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _____ a record US $ 57.65 a barrel on April 4. (05’)

A. have reached.

B. reaching

C. to reach

D. to be reaching

2. Five people won the ―China’s Green Figure‖ award, a title ____ to ordinary people their contributions to environmental protection. (06’)

A. being given

B. is given

C. given

D. was given

3. Please remain _______ until the plane has come to a complete stop. (07’)

A. to seal

B. to be seated

C. seating

D. seated

4. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent _______ at the end of last March. (07’)

A. has been launched

B. having been launched

C. being launched

D. to be launched

5. Lucy’s new job paid twice as much as she had made ____ in the restaurant. (08’)

A. working

B. work

C. to work

D. worked

6. We are invited to a party _________in our club next Friday. (09’)

A. to be held

B. held

C. being held

D. holding

7. I have a lot of readings _____ before the end of this term. (10’)

A. completing

B. to complete

C. completed

D. being completed

8. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ______ for a meal to be cooked.(10’)

A. laid

B. laying

C. to lay

D. being laid

9.Look over there—there’s a very long, winding path up to the house.(11’)

A. leading

B. leads

C. led

D. to lead

10. After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ________. (11’)

A. providing

B. provided

C. having provided

D. provide

11.George returned after the war, only _______ that his wife had left him. (12’)

A. to be told

B. telling

C. being told

D. told

12. The room is empty except for a bookshelf ____ in the corner.(13’)

A. standing

B. to stand

C. stands

D. stood

13. I stopped the car ____ a short break as I was feeling tired.(13’)

A. take

B. taking

C. to take

D. taken

14. ______ at the cafeteria before, Tina didn’t want to eat there again.(13’)

A. Having eaten

B. To eat

C. Eat

D. Eating

体验2012高考真题感悟试题规律提升做题能力

【2012江西】Having finished her project, she was invited by the school to the new students. A．speaking B．having spoken C．to speak D．to have spoken 【2012江西】John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter him it.

A．offered B．offering C．to offer D．to be offered 【2012湖南】The lecture, ____ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.

A. starting

B. being started

C. to start

D. to be started

【2012湖南】Time, ____ correctly, is money in the bank.

A. to use

B. used

C. using

D. use

【2012湖南】We've had a good start, but next, more work needs ____ to achieve the final success. A. being done B. do C. to be done D. to do

【2012重庆】Before you quit your job, ______how your family would feel about your decision.

A. consider

B. considering

C. to consider

D. considered

【2012重庆】We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision ______ at the meeting will in the future of our company.

A. to be made

B. being made

C. made

D. having been made

【2012重庆】______to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.

A. Having been asked

B. To ask

C. Having asked

D. To be asked

【2012辽宁】This machine is very easy . Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.

A. operating

B. to be operating

C. operated

D. to operate 【2012辽宁】The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _______them.

A. to follow

B. following

C. followed

D. follows

【2012四川】Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _____ his plane high up in the sky.

A. finding

B. to find

C. being found

D. to have found

【2012四川】I looked up and noticed a snake ______ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.

A. to wind

B. wind

C. winding

D. wound

【2012四川】Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ____.

A. washed

B. wash

C. washing

D. to wash

【2012陕西】________ in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad .

A. Standing

B. To stand

C. Stood

D. Stand

【2012陕西】If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but ______ an even greater challenge.

A. meets

B. meeting

C. meet

D. to meet

【2012北京】One learns a language by making mistakes and ______ them.

A. corrects

B. correct

C.to correct

D. correcting

【2012北京】_______ with care, one tin will last for six weeks.

A. Use

B. Using

C. Used

D. To use

【2012全国II】The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy _____ anything that happened to be on.

A. to watch

B. watching

C. watched

D. to have watched

【2012全国II】Tony lent me the money, ______that I’d do as much for him.

A. hoping

B. to hope

C. hoped

D. having hoped

【2012北京卷】Birds’ singing is sometimes a warning to other birds ________ away.

A. to stay

B. staying

C. stayed

D. stay

【2012天津】He got up late and hurried to his office, _________the breakfast untouched.

A. left

B. to leave

C. leaving

D. having left

【2012全国新课程】Film has a much shorter history, especially when_ such art forms as music and painting.

A. having compared to

B. comparing to

C. compare to

D. compared to

【2012全国新课程】The party will be held in the garden, weather .

A. permitting

B. to permit

C. permitted

D. permit

【2012福建】China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from in the South China Sea.

A. attacking

B. having attacked

C. being attacked

D. having been attacked

【2012福建】Pressed from his parents, and ______that he has wasted too much time , the boy is determined to stop playing video games.

A. realizing

B. realized

C. to realize

D. being realized

【2012浙江】"It's a such nice place," Mother said as she sat at the table________ for customs.

A. to be reserved

B. Living reserved

C. reserving

D. reserved

【2012浙江】No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it's better _____ silent. A. remain B. be remaining C. having remained D. to remain

【2012江苏】_________an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.

A. Based

B. Basing

C. Base

D. To base

【2012安徽】When for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.

A. asking

B. asked

C. having asked

D. to be asked

【2012安徽】I remembered the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked

归纳总结：非谓语动词的做题步骤

一、分析句子结构。看标点、寻连词以确定是不是考查非谓语动词。

1. ________to the left , you'll find the post office .

2. If you ________to the left , you'll find the post office .

3. ________to the left , and you'll find the post office .

A. Turning

B. To turn

C. Turn

D. Turned

句1. 句中用逗号隔开，且无连词引导，因此，前面不是句子结构，只是句子的一个成分，故选____用非谓语动词作状语。句2. 前面用if 引导从句，故选____，构成从句谓语。

句3. 用连词but 引导并列句子，因此，前面也是个独立句子成分，选_____。

二、若是非谓语，找准逻辑主语，确定主被动关系。

确定要选非谓语动词之后，第二步要分析其逻辑主语。其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语须和句子的真正主语一致。若不一致，则须加上自己的逻辑主语。

1. ________no buses , we have to walk home .

A. There being

B. It were

C. There were

D. It being

2. ________from the tower, the city looks beautiful.

A. Seen

B. To see

C. See

D. Seeing

三、分析时态，在选定了主动或被动后，还要考虑动作发生的时间问题，即时态。

1. The building ______now will be a restaurant .

2. The building ______next year will be a restaurant .

3. The building ______last year is a restaurant.

A. having been built

B. to be built

C. being built

D. built

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