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英文资料翻译

英文资料翻译
英文资料翻译

毕业论文

英文资料翻译

学院:机械工程学院

专业:机械设计制造及其自动化

姓名:杨志超

学号:1111011159

指导教师:张桂香

2015年3月

利用永久磁场增强非磁性金属研磨抛光

作者:Jae-Seob Kwak地点:韩国釜庆大学机械工程学院圣100,龙塘东,瑙姆谷,釜山608-739

文章资讯:收到2008年9月9日收到修订表格2009年1月28日接受2009年1月29日可在线用2009年2月12日

关键词:磁力磁通量密度磁研磨抛光有色金属材料实验设计方法

摘要:

此研究的目的是改进在磁性磨料抛光工艺用于有色金属的磁通密度,特别是针对于镁。磁通密度为黑色和有色金属材料进行了模拟。以增加磁通密度为有色金属材料,即在工件的相对侧安装永久磁铁的实用方法是加工提出并通过计算机模拟和实验验证评估。我们确定一个主导因素的过程和磁研磨抛光的最佳条件超薄镁板作为一个案例研究,实验方法的设计已被采用了如下:

1简介:

在材料的应用中镁作为轻质金属而被应用。最近,其应用范围正在不断增加。例如,在汽车,蜂窝电话,计算机,相机行业和其他电子元件[1-3]而被广泛应用。伴随这些工业的发展,更精确的表面自然是需要的镁材料,以满足高品质的产品。但是,也有在制造一些限制良好的表面由于基础材料镁问题,如可燃性危险和脆弱性。

为了解决这些问题,而采用有色金属磁性磨料进行研磨抛光。磁研磨抛光(MAP)是这些技术之一。MAP是一个新开发的加工技术。在的过程中,一个切削工具,它由亚铁粒子和非铁磨料组成并具有灵活性。由于这种灵活性,该工具可以从工件除去极少量的材料,然后可以在不损害抛光工件表面后产生在更好的表面上。然而,利用MAP技术研磨抛光有色金属是非常困难的。因为这种技术最基本的保障是通过增加磁力。镁也是这种有色金属。

在这项研究中,在MAP过程中磁通量密度进行了模拟中的黑色金属和有色金属

材料的情况下。为了提高磁通量密度,使用永久磁铁而务实的策略提出和改进的结果应用建议的方式与电脑进行比较仿真和实验。用于抛光的薄的镁板,最佳条件是由实验方法设计决定。

2.MAP 过程和磁力2.1MAP 的原理

图1示出用于说明磁研磨抛光过程的原理的示意图。所述MAP 单元具有钢杆称为缠丝的线圈的电感器。据法拉第定律,当电压和电流提供给线圈时电感器和工件之间产生的磁力。磁力会从磁性磨粒电感到工件沿着磁力线,因而它形成了一个灵活的磁性磨料刷并且刷旋转。根据电感器,按下工件然后通过小移除表面材料少。精细的表面,如镜子一样样品在这个过程中[4,5]获得。

2.2磁力和磁通密度

在MAP 的过程中,磁力发挥用于形成柔性磁研磨刷,这使得磨料抛光的材料表面上的主导作用正向力和切向力,如图所示2作用在磁场内的工件。正向力和每切削的切向力边缘是P n 和p H ,分别。一个混合型磁性磨料事先由磁性和研磨颗粒具有多切削刃。如果切削的边的平均数目米的工作,总法向力(FN )和切向力(FH )中的MAP 过程被表示为如下:

f n =mP n ;f h =mP h

还可以根据感应的电磁场法拉第定律,磁场强度(H )可利用数学关系表示磁通密度(B ),它可以被表示为如下:

B =u H

其中m 是导磁率。磁场强度是随着在磁力施加来增加电流,电流也有磁通上的影响磁场密度和磁力,这是作为重要的因素考虑到这项研究。

排斥力

图1研磨原理

磁力

张紧力

图2.切割力磁研磨抛光图3建模例子

3.模拟和磁通密度的实验验证3.1磁通密度的模拟实验

以评估的非铁材料的磁特性在MAP 过程处理下一般情况,利用计算机进行模拟。有关本研究中的磁特性均分布和的最大量值磁力在工件上。首先,对所述电感器MAP 和工件进行建模,如图所示3,并然后根据的变化的磁通密度电流是使用商业软件ANSYS 模拟在仿真情况中,电感器的网眼尺寸为0.01米和电感器的直径为20mm 的的厚度非铁材料是10毫米。工件和永久磁铁之间的工作差距为2mm 。在这种仿真中,永久的施加磁通密度磁铁为100MT

图4(a )和(b )示出的非磁通密度含铁材料时,从2到电流的变化2.5A 。可以看出,当电流增加时,该的磁通密度的变化和分布的磁通密度的最大量值也增加一点点。在该模拟中,最大量值变从22.24到24.70mT 。在电感器的中心,该磁磁通密度非常小。最大磁的位置磁通密度是在直径/4的距离的中心。

在这项研究中,以改善非磁通密度的在MAP 过

程中铁质材料,一个实际的策略提出和模拟来检查的有效性提出作为改进的方法是:一个永久磁铁(NdBFe )的混合物在相反侧安装简单地工件表面进行加工。虽然这个计划是非常简单和容易,在实际的加工过程中应用,该装永久磁铁有助于提高磁通围绕加工区域的密度。仿真结果呈现在图4(c )比较的有效性永久磁铁的非铁材料。如图4(c )中,磁通密度的最大量值具有永磁铁增加了约35%(由22.24到30.04mT )。

磁力磨削工作方向

工件

磁性物质

图4

从该仿真结果可以看出,所提出的方法来提高磁通密度有永磁体是一种非常有用和有效的策略,从而可以提高工作效率在有色金属材料在MAP 处理。

3.2磁通密度的实验验证

要验证安装永久性的实际效果磁铁上的磁通密度,一系列实验的进行评价。图5示出的实验装置和测量的磁通密度的点。基于该模拟结果,被选择用于检查的磁通5点具有为5mm 从电感器的中心的跨度密度。薄探头的高斯计(TM -601,KANETEC )是用于获得测量值。探针的厚度为1mm 。

起初,磁通密度为SM 45C 是一种亚铁料并进行测定,并示于图6.工作间隙电感器和工件之间是为2.5mm 。从图6,可以看出,较高的磁通密度时

获得的施加电流较大。测量点分别在来自电感器的中心直径/4的距离具有更高的值比其他点与磁通

密度的电感器的中心相对较小。图7给出了测得的磁通密度为铝合金,它是一种非铁材料。结果是非常相似的,与铁类材料,如图中所

示6,除了对于磁通密度的幅度。在一个的情况下非铁材料,磁通密度的大小是非常小的,这是一个关于第三或第四亚铁的物质价值。在该改进的方法提出了在这项研究中,在磁性磁通密度为具有永久的非铁材料如图8磁体增加了约30-40%相比,不具有永磁铁。这些结果在测定实验正好与计算机模拟吻合。

图5磁力分析

高斯计

电源

感应器

工件

工作间隙

图6磁性金属的磁通密度

图7非磁性金属的磁通密度

4.案例分析:MAP 超薄镁板4.1实验过程和设置

为验证该永久磁铁是提高有用,在MAP 过程对有色金属的抛光效率材料,抛光薄镁板的案例进行研究的。田口设计方法的是帮助实验。在一般情况下,实验次数以覆盖全阶乘组合变得非常大,即使在有限的参数(系数)号。为了减少的试验实验中,田口的设计方法,它利用一个邻位五角阵表,在实验研究中很受欢迎。它可以有助于确定的容易的最佳工艺条件实验[6]。图9示出实验装置的薄的地图板镁合金的厚度为0.6mm 的。薄镁板已被用作外部材料笔记本电脑和移动电话。对于这些产品,一精细的表面是必要的,以保持良好的质量和所述MAP 过程是合适的,以产生一个镜状表面。因此,镁板被选定作为工件在这项研究。该它是一种非铁材料是公知的。永久磁铁被安装在工件表面的相对侧是加工。表面粗糙度的变化,这是一个过程输出之

前和之后的MAP 进行评价。固定的实验条件列于表1中。用过的磁性磨料是Fe 和氮化硼的混合物粉末。所施加的进料速度为9米/分钟,抛光时间为每个工件为15分钟。铁的平均规模粉末为100毫米,其氮化硼为1-2毫米。该铁的质量比为氮化硼在混合物为3:2。一个球端型的电感器被使用,因为这种类型的显示在比的初步实验性能更好平结束。表2显示,在使用过程中的因素和它们的水平实验。所考虑的过程因素,目前的应用到电感器,工作在电感器和间隙之间刀具的工件,旋转速度和供给量粉末。每一个因素是在三个层面预定改变。所使用的正交表列于表3.在传统的实验方法使用完全81实验需要有精神的审判。但在本研究中使用的正交阵,只是9

进行实验,因为在至少两个因子在每个实验中改变。

8

图9MAP 实验装置和永久磁铁

表1

Items Conditions

Workpice AZ31.26×66mm Inductor Ball end type(?20) Polishing time15min

Magnetic abrasives Fe+boron nitride powder Feed speed9m/min

表2

Factors Level

123 Current A(A) 1.0 1.5 2.0 Working gap B(mm) 1.0 1.5 2.0 Rotational speed C(rpm)80010001200 Amount of powder D(g)0.7 1.2 1.7

表3

No.Factors

Current A(A)Working gap B Rotational speed C Amount of

(mm)(rpm)powder D(g)

1 1.0 1.08000.7

2 1.0 1.51000 1.2

3 1.0 2.01200 1.7

4 1.

5 1.01000 1.7

5 1.5 1.512000.7

6 1.5 2.0800 1.2

7 2.0 1.01200 1.2

8 2.0 1.5800 1.7

9 2.0 2.010000.7

在田口的设计方法的情况下,应用程序的信噪比是评估过程的因素“对实验结果的影响的一般和有用的方法。那些用于确定荷兰国际集团在MAP处理的最佳条件,在薄镁板,信号对噪声的表面(S/N)比粗糙度算出。在这项研究中,最小的非更好在S/N比的函数特性被使用,因为更小的值的表面粗糙度较好。

表4

4.2实验结果与讨论

实验结果表明,在每个实验中获得的一个永磁体。评估过程因素对效果表面粗糙度,方差分析(方差分析)进行其结果列于表4。根据表4,刀具的旋转速度有一个对表面粗糙度的改善显着效果情况下,薄的镁板的具有永久抛光磁铁。电感器和工件之间的工作间隙在这个过程的因素考虑在这项研究是有至少影响表面粗糙度。当实验没有在以前的研究中的永久磁铁进行的,该工作间隙和粉末的量对表面的影响粗糙度。因此,基于在此研究中获得的实验结果,在MAP 处理的具有永久磁铁的有效因子被彻底改变。工作间隙和粉末的量产生更好的表面起到了重要作用磁通密度是不够的,像抛光有色金属材料不具有永磁铁。工艺条件如粉末的大型工作间隙和数量较少,使其难以在MAP 过程中保持工作的磨料流程。但是,当磁通量密度较高,这是很容易保持抛光区域甚至与邻近工作研磨剂有较大的工作间隙和施加粉末的较少量。图10给出了工艺因素对MAP 的影响薄镁板。每个因素的幅度大手段越来越大的改善的

SS

DOF V F

A 63.003231.501 5.03

B (12.524)(2)(6.262)

C 245.5092122.75419.60

D 43.863221.931 3.50

E 12.5242 6.262

Total

321.037

8

图10各因素对镁MAP 的影响图11磁力下与无磁力下表面粗糙度的比较

良好条件表面在MAP处理。在这项研究中的最佳条件是2.0A的电流应用,工作为1.0mm的间隙,转动每分钟800转的转速和0.7克的粉末的量。

表面粗糙度与研磨时间的变化不具有和具有永磁体是镁合金比较图。11.很明显与永久的表面磁体优于没有永久磁铁。还差在这两者之间的表面粗糙度的程度情况随着所述抛光时间变长。此意味着MAP用永久磁铁是良好的精度并用非铁材料的生产率。

5.结论

在这项研究中,在MAP处理过程的磁通密度对于有色金属材料是由计算机模拟评价并验证了实验。为了提高磁通密度在有色金属材料,提出了一种实用的策略和实验验证进行。所获得的结论如下:

(1)从仿真和实验中,在MAP处理的最大磁通密度的位置被认定为从该中心的直径/4的距离电感。

(2)当工作GAB为2mm,最大量值磁通密度与一个非铁材料的安装在所述相对侧永久磁铁工件表面待加工增加约35%。

(3)在抛光的情况下,旋转速度对的一个显着效果的工具的且改善表面粗糙度薄镁板与永久磁铁。

(4)为镁合金的MAP的最佳条件为2.0A的电流应用,工作为1mm的差距,每分钟800转的转速和0.7粉末的量

参考文献:

[1]Ying-chun Wang,Da-yong Li,Ying-hong Peng,Xiao-qin Zeng,Numerical simulation of low pressure die casting of magnesium wheel,International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology32(3–4)(2007)257–264.

[2]Hui Zhao,Zhanghong Huang,Jianzhong Cui,A novel method of electroless plating on AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet,Journal of Materials Processing Technology203(1–3)(2008)310–314.

[3]Jong Kwan Hwang,Dae Min Kang,FE analysis on the press forging of AZ31magnesium alloy Transaction of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers14(1)(2006)81–91.

[4]Shaohui Yin,Takeo Shinmura,A comparative study:polishing characteristics and its mechanisms of three vibration modes in vibration-assisted magnetic abrasive polishing,International Journal of

Machine Tools and Manufacture44(4)(2004)383–390.

[5]Yan Wang,Dejin Hu,Study on the inner surface finishing of tubing by magnetic abrasive finishing, International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture45(1)(2005)43–49.

[6]Jae-Seob Kwak,Application of Taguchi and response surface methodologies for geometric error in surface grinding process,International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture45(3)(2005)327–334.

英文论文及中文翻译

International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials Volume 17, Number 4, August 2010, Page 500 DOI: 10.1007/s12613-010-0348-y Corresponding author: Zhuan Li E-mail: li_zhuan@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/f08017919.html, ? University of Science and Technology Beijing and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010 Preparation and properties of C/C-SiC brake composites fabricated by warm compacted-in situ reaction Zhuan Li, Peng Xiao, and Xiang Xiong State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China (Received: 12 August 2009; revised: 28 August 2009; accepted: 2 September 2009) Abstract: Carbon fibre reinforced carbon and silicon carbide dual matrix composites (C/C-SiC) were fabricated by the warm compacted-in situ reaction. The microstructure, mechanical properties, tribological properties, and wear mechanism of C/C-SiC composites at different brake speeds were investigated. The results indicate that the composites are composed of 58wt% C, 37wt% SiC, and 5wt% Si. The density and open porosity are 2.0 g·cm–3 and 10%, respectively. The C/C-SiC brake composites exhibit good mechanical properties. The flexural strength can reach up to 160 MPa, and the impact strength can reach 2.5 kJ·m–2. The C/C-SiC brake composites show excellent tribological performances. The friction coefficient is between 0.57 and 0.67 at the brake speeds from 8 to 24 m·s?1. The brake is stable, and the wear rate is less than 2.02×10?6 cm3·J?1. These results show that the C/C-SiC brake composites are the promising candidates for advanced brake and clutch systems. Keywords: C/C-SiC; ceramic matrix composites; tribological properties; microstructure [This work was financially supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (No.2006AA03Z560) and the Graduate Degree Thesis Innovation Foundation of Central South University (No.2008yb019).] 温压-原位反应法制备C / C-SiC刹车复合材料的工艺和性能 李专,肖鹏,熊翔 粉末冶金国家重点实验室,中南大学,湖南长沙410083,中国(收稿日期:2009年8月12日修订:2009年8月28日;接受日期:2009年9月2日) 摘要:采用温压?原位反应法制备炭纤维增强炭和碳化硅双基体(C/C-SiC)复合材

翻译资料英语

FINANCIAL INNOV ATION Like other industries, the financial industry is in business to earn profits by selling its products. If a soap company perceives that there is a need in the marketplace for a laundry detergent with fabric softener, it develops a product to fit the need .Similarly, in order to maximize their profits, financial institutions develop new products to satisfy their own needs as well as those of their customers; in other words, innovation-which can be extremely beneficial to the economy-is driven by the desire to get (or stay) rich. This view of the innovation process leads to the following simple analysis: A chance in the financial institutions for innovations that are likely to be profitable. Starting in the 1960s, individuals and financial institutions operating in financial markets were confronted with drastic changes in the economic environment: Inflation and interest rates climbed sharply and became hard to predict, a situation that changed demand conditions in financial markets. Computer technology advanced rapidly, which changed supply conditions. In addition, financial regulations became especially inconvenient. Banking institution discovers many old ways of doing business being able to not have earned money again; they provide the masses finance with service and financial products sale neither well. Many financial intermediary is discovered they have no way to raise having arrived at a fund, but these self that will not a suspense of business right away with original tradition finance implement. For existing under new economy environment, research and development puts up banking institution be obliged to being able to satisfy customer need moreover the new product being able to gain a profit of and serving, this process is called financial engineering. In their case, necessity was the mother of innovation. Our discussion of why financial innovation occurs suggests that there are three basic types of financial innovations: Escapism to responding to needing condition change, to the small advantages supplying with condition change and to controlling. We have had one now understandable that banking institution is innovative for instance the cause institutions, let’s look at examples of how financial institutions in their search for profits have produced financial innovations of the three basic types. 1

最新中文地址如何翻译成英文(精)

5栋 Building No.5 ----------- 请看相关资料 翻译原则:先小后大。 中国人喜欢先说小的后说大的,如 **区 **路 **号 而外国人喜欢先说大的后说小的,如 **号 **路 **区,因此您在翻译时就应该先写小的后写大的 . 中文地址的排列顺序是由大到小, 如:X 国 X 省 X 市 X 区 X 路 X 号, 而英文地址则刚好相反, 是由小到大。如上例写成英文就是:X 号, X 路, X 区, X 市, X 省, X 国。掌握了这个原则,翻译起来就容易多了! X 室 Room X X 号 No. X X 单元 Unit X X 号楼 Building No. X X 街 X Street X 路 X Road X 区 X District X 县 X County X 镇 X Town

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How I want to see you, have a look you changed recently, no longer said once, just greetings, said one to you, just say the word, long time no see. 我多么想和你见一面,看看你最近的改变,不再去说从前,只是寒暄,对你说一句,只说这一句,好久不见。 In fact, not wine, but when the thought of drinking the unbearable past. 其实酒不醉人,只是在喝的时候想起了那不堪的过去。 The wind does not know clouds drift, day not know rain down, eyes do not understand the tears of weakness, so you don't know me 风不懂云的漂泊,天不懂雨的落魄,眼不懂泪的懦弱,所以你不懂我 Some people a lifetime to deceive people, but some people a lifetime to cheat a person 有些人一辈子都在骗人,而有些人用一辈子去骗一个人 Alone and lonely, is always better than sad together 独自寂寞,总好过一起悲伤 You are my one city, one day, you go, my city, also fell 你是我的一座城,有一天,你离开了,我的城,也就倒了。

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韶关学院 期末考核报告 科目:专业英语 学生姓名: 学号: 同组人: 院系: 专业班级: 考核时间:2012年10月9日—2012年11月1 日评阅教师: 评分:

第1章英文阅读材料翻译 (1) 第2章中文摘要翻译英文 (3) 第3章中文简历和英文简历 (4) 第4章课程学习体会和建议 (6) 参考文献 (7)

第1章英文阅读材料翻译 Mechanization and Automation Processes of mechanization have been developing and becoming more complex ever since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution at the end of the 18th century. The current developments of automatic processes are, however, different from the old ones. The “automation” of the 20th century is distinct from the mechanization of the 18th and 19th centuries inasmuch as mechanization was applied to individual operations, wherea s “automation” is concerned with the operation and control of a complete producing unit. And in many, though not all, instances the element of control is so great that whereas mechanization displaces muscle, “automation”displaces brain as well. The distinction between the mechanization of the past and what is happening now is, however, not a sharp one. At one extreme we have the electronic computer with its quite remarkable capacity for discrimination and control, while at the other end of the scale are “ transfer machines” , as they are now called, which may be as simple as a conveyor belt to another. An automatic mechanism is one which has a capacity for self-regulation; that is, it can regulate or control the system or process without the need for constant human attention or adjustment. Now people often talk about “feedback” as begin an essential factor of the new industrial techniques, upon which is base an automatic self-regulating system and by virtue of which any deviation in the system from desired condition can be detected, measured, reported and corrected. when “feedback” is applied to the process by which a large digital computer runs at the immense speed through a long series of sums, constantly rejecting the answers until it finds one to fit a complex set of facts which have been put to it, it is perhaps different in degree from what we have previously been accustomed to machines. But “feedback”, as such, is a familiar mechanical conception. The old-fashioned steam engine was fitted with a centrifugal governor, two balls on levers spinning round and round an upright shaft. If the steam pressure rose and the engine started to go too fast, the increased speed of the spinning governor caused it to rise up the vertical rod and shut down a valve. This cut off some of the steam and thus the engine brought itself back to its proper speed. The mechanization, which was introduced with the Industrial Revolution, because it was limited to individual processes, required the employment of human labor to control each machine as well as to load and unload materials and transfer them from one place to another. Only in a few instances were processes automatically linked together and was production organized as a continuous flow. In general, however, although modern industry has been highly mechanized ever since the 1920s, the mechanized parts have not as a rule been linked together. Electric-light bulbs, bottles and the components of innumerable mass-produced

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female 女 height 身高 weight 体重 marital status 婚姻状况family status 家庭状况married 已婚 single/unmarried 未婚divorced 离异 separated 分居 number of children 子女人数none 无 street 街 lane 胡同,巷 road 路 district 区 house number 门牌 health 健康状况 health condition 健康状况blood type 血型 short-sighted 近视 far-sighted 远视 color-blind 色盲 ID card No.身份证号码 date of availability 可到职时间available 可到职membership 会员,资格president 会长 vice-president 副会长director 理事 standing director 常务理事

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2.英文通信地址常用翻译 201室/房Room 201 二单元Unit 2 马塘村MatangVallage 一号楼/栋Building 1 华为科技公司Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

xx公司xx Corp. / xx Co., Ltd. 宿舍Dormitory 厂Factory 楼/层Floor 酒楼/酒店Hotel 住宅区/小区Residential Quater 县County 甲/乙/丙/丁A/B/C/D 镇Town 巷/弄Lane 市City 路Road(也简写作Rd.,注意后面的点不能省略)一环路1st Ring Road 省Province(也简写作Prov.) 花园Garden 院Yard 街Street/Avenue 大学College/University 信箱Mailbox 区District A座Suite A 广场Square 州State 大厦/写字楼Tower/Center/Plaza 胡同Alley(北京地名中的条即是胡同的意思) 中国部分行政区划对照 自治区Autonomous Region 直辖市Municipality 特别行政区Special Administration Region 简称SAR 自治州Autonomous Prefecture

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Good morning. My name is xxx .It is really a great honor to have this opportunity to introduce myself,and I hope I can make a good performance today. 早上好。我的名字是某某某。非常荣幸能有这个机会来介绍我自己,我希望今天我能有个好的表现。 Now I will introduce myself briefly ,I am 23 years old,born in wenling, the capital of Zhejiang Province. I graduated from the The Chinese people's armed police force academy department of Frontier command in July, 2011. 现在我将简单介绍一下我自己,我今年23岁,出生在温岭市,是浙江省的省会。我毕业于中国人民武装警察部队学院前沿指挥部

门,2011年6月。 During the four years in university, I spend most of my time on study, I have passed CET4 and I have acquired basic knowledge of Frontier command. Besides, with my efforts and cheerful personality,I received a scholarship and outstanding student awarded. Generally speaking, I am a hard worker especially do the thing I am interested in. I like to chat with my classmates, almost talk everything ,my favorite pastime is Basketball, swimming or surf online.Through college life,I learn how to balance between study and entertainment. 在四年的大学,我把大部分时间花在学习上,我已经通过国家基本知识,我已经获得了国境的命令。同时,我的努力和性格开朗,我收

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