2020版高考英语(北师大版)一轮高考题型规范练(十五) (必修5 Unit 15)Word版含解析

高考题型规范练(十五)(必修5Unit 15)

Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

A

Sichuan cuisine is one of the eight major cuisines of China.The cuisine features a wide range of materials,different cooking techniques and numerous tastes.With a rich variety of strong

flavors,Sichuan food is famous for its countless delicacies (佳肴) with peppery (胡椒味的),chili flavors,and best known for being spicy-hot.If you find the Sichuan dishes too mild,then you are probably not eating authentic Sichuan cuisine.Chili peppers and prickly ash (花椒) are used in many dishes,giving it a typically spicy taste,called Ma in Chinese.It often leaves a slight numb sensation in the mouth.Thanks to the development of global trade,chili peppers were spread to Sichuan by Americans in the 18th century,which greatly influence flavor of Sichuan cuisines.

As one of the eight major cuisines of China,Hunan cuisine is famous for its hot and spicy.People may be confused that what is the difference between Hunan cuisine and Sichuan cuisine,for the characteristics of them are hot and spicy.Hunan cuisine mainly originates from Dongting Lake area and western Hunan mountain area.Water food and poultry are main cooking materials of Dongting Lake area cuisine,which taste salty and spicy.However,many kinds of meat are the main cooking materials of western Hunan mountain area cuisines;the tastes are salted,fresh,spicy and sour.

The cooking skills employed in the Hunan cuisine reached a high standard as early as the Western Han Dynasty,giving it a history of more than 2,100 years.Hunan is located in southeastern China along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.It contains rivers,lakes,mountains,rolling hills,plains,and pools.Making full use of these rich resources,local people created a wide variety of delicacies.

【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了中华优秀文化传统:中国八大菜系中的川菜和湘菜。

1.What does the author disagree with according to the passage?

A.Sichuan cuisine is one of the most famous cuisines in China.

B.Chili peppers were spread to China from America in the 18th century.

C.Sichuan cuisine should be spicy-hot with chili peppers and prickly ash.

D.Typical Sichuan cuisine uses many cooking techniques with numerous tastes.

,胡椒和辣椒是18世纪由美洲人传到中国来的,而不是从美洲传过来的。故选B项。

2.What are the characteristics of Sichuan cuisine and Hunan cuisine?

A.Both of them are spicy and sour.

B.Neither of them is hot and spicy.

C.Sichuan cuisine is numb but Hunan cuisine is salty.

D.Hunan cusine uses chili but Sichuan cusine uses peppers.

,川菜长于麻辣而湘菜长于咸辣。故选C项。

3.What contributed to the countless delicacies of Hunan cuisine?

A.A long history.

B.Clever forefathers.

C.The special landform.

D.Salt and chili peppers.

,湖南地处中国南方的长江中下游,那里有长江和大量的湖、大山和连绵的山峦、平原和水池。正是其特殊的地形,食材才会如此多样化,菜肴也呈多样化。

B

Fifth-grader Dominic—or Nic,as his friends call him—and the group of friends he’s walking with are from Oyster-Adams Bilingual School in Northwest Washington.Together on a “walking school bus”, these kids walk every day to get to school.

“I love walking with my friends to school,” Lizey says.“This way,we have half an hour to hang out before school,and I feel good.”

The walking school bus is an idea to encourage kids to walk to school.So what is a walking school bus,exactly?

“It’s like a car pool (汽车共乘),except we walk,” says 10-year-old Stanton,who “rides” with Nic and Lizey.“There are different little stops,and the group just keeps getting bigger and bigger with more and more kids the closer we get to school.”

“Walking school buses have many merits,” says Lizey’s mom,Meri,who started the “bus” that travels 1.3 miles each morning from Woodley Park to Oyster-Adams Bilingual School.The “bus” runs

every day unless it’s colder than 25 degrees outside or it rains heavily.Meri says the effort put in setting up what she calls “walk pool” helps parents save time because they take turns checking the walk.It also saves energy and cuts down on neighborhood traffic.Having fewer cars on the road means better air quality.It also provides kids with a chance to exercise and have fun.

But there are rules,such as being on time,staying on the sidewalk and crossing only at green lights and within crosswalks.Nic says another rule is that “your feet should move faster than your lips.”

“But that doesn’t usually happen,” Ruthie points out,“because Nic’s usually singing.”

【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了美国华盛顿区的走路校车。

4.How does Lizey feel about walking to school?

A.Tired.

B.Bored.

C.Excited.

D.Disappointed.

“I love walking with my friends to school”和“I feel good”可知,Lizey认为走路去上学是一件赏心乐事。

5.It turns out that the walking school bus .

A.tries to bring kids closer to each other

B.increases in size as it gets close to school

C.has many easily-broken rules

D.runs in all weathers

“the group just keeps getting bigger and bigger with more and more kids the closer we get to school”可知,离学校越近,走路校车的队伍越庞大。

6.What does the underlined word “merits” in the text mean?

A.Steps.

B.Skills.

C.Problems.

D.Advantages.

“helps parents save time”,“saves energy and cuts down on neighborhood traffic”和“provides kids with a chance to exercise and have fun”都是走路校车的好处,由此可知merits与advantages同义。

7.What is the best title for the text?

A.A Walk to School is Fun and Good Exercise

B.Walking School Buses Around the World

C.Share the Power of Walking

D.Car Pool vs Walk Pool

,整篇文章围绕走路校车这个话题展开,向我们陈述了走路校车这个概念,它的好处以及规则等相关信息。因此,A项概括了文章主旨,作为标题最合适。

C

Studies have shown most people fail to realize how much time they spend on their smartphones each day.

Frank and Amelia’s family were put to a test,using a free app called “Moment—Screen Time Tracker.” The Vascellaros—Frank,Amelia,14-year-old twins Frankie and Joe,and 17-year-old Sam—all said they did not really know they were spending so much time on their phones each day.

“Honestly,I don’t feel like I’m on my phone a lot,” Amelia Vascellaro said.Amelia was on her phone far less often than Frank,according to the app.While Amelia spent about an hour per day on the phone,Frank spent closer to four hours on his phone—which came as a shock to him.The children’s times varied but they often spent more than a couple of hours on the phone as well.

Dr.Kirsten Lind Seal sees phone usage come up a lot among families.Lind Seal said many family members’ phone use has become problematic.

“If we hear more than once,‘Do you have to be on your phone right now?Can you please put your phone down?Did you hear what I said?’ it may be a sign it is negatively (消极地) influencing our family relationships and our daily lives,”she said.

Lind Seal said actually paying attention to how much time one spends on the phone is a good first step in deciding when to put it down.

She asks parents to encourage more face-to-face communication for teens and young adults as they continue developing their social and emotional skills.“What we find is that we are really losing out on empathy—the ability to understand other people’s feelings and problems—when we spend a lot of time on our smartphones to communicate with other people,” she said.

【语篇导读】本文是议论文。通过使用一款应用软件跟踪发现,很多人没有意识到自己每天花费很多时间使用手机。

8.How did the Vascellaros feel about the test results?

A.Satisfied.

B.Doubtful.

C.Surprised.

D.Uninterested.

,Vascellaro一家对这个测试结果感到惊讶,他们没有想到自己每天花费那么多的时间使用手机。

9.Why did Lind Seal mention the three questions in Paragraph 5?

A.To encourage people to live a simple life.

B.To ask people if they use phones too much.

C.To show the importance of close relationships.

D.To explain the signs of problematic phone use.

“Lind Seal said many family members’ phone use has become problematic.”可知,Lind Seal提出这三个问题是为了说明:当我们被问这三个问题时,说明我们过多使用手机。

10.How did Lind Seal probably think of the app?

A.She worried about it.

B.She was in favor of it.

C.She felt it was a waste of time.

D.She thought it needed improvements.

“is a good first step in deciding when to put it down”可推断,Lind Seal支持这款应用软件。

11.What is the text mainly concerned with?

A.Too much use of smartphones.

B.The influence of apps on teens.

C.Children’s safety on the Internet.

D.Problems among family members.

,本文主要关注的是人们过度使用手机的问题。

D

Susan couldn’t help it.She and her friends began lunch with cheese.Then they ate cheeseburgers and drank milk.Things seemed fine,but then suddenly Susan’s stomach started making noise.Her stomach hurt,and,racing to the restroom,she had terrible gas!She was so ashamed.She had been so excited to go to lunch with her friends that she totally forgot to watch how many dairy products she ate!Susan is lactose intolerant (乳糖不耐受的),and eating too many dairy foods can make her feel really sick.

Lactose intolerance means that the body can’t easily digest a special sugar called

lactose.Unfortunately for Susan and millions of other people with this problem,lactose is found in almost all dairy products—cheese,milk and ice cream.

Our body uses lactase (乳糖分解酵素) to break lactose into a simpler form of sugar.Once lactose is broken down,it’s easy to digest and it provides great energy for the body.But people like Susan don’t have enough lactase to break down all the lactose they take in.So,about half an hour to two hours after eating dairy-rich foods,their stomachs begin to hurt and they have gas,making their stomachs get bigger.Sometimes they even get diarrhea (腹泻) when they eat too many dairy foods.

So how can someone with this problem still eat out with his or her friends?Here are some tips.If you’re going to eat a dairy-rich food like ice cream,eat something that doesn’t have any dairy with it,like a salad or a sandwich without cheese.This will help slow digestion,and your body will have time to create more lactase.

【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章通过举例说明了乳糖不耐受症的症状和产生的原因,并对患有乳糖不耐受症的人群提出了建议。

12.What can cause lactose intolerance?

A.A shortage of lactose.

B.Eating too little sugar.

C.Slow digestion of dairy products.

D.Poor digestion of any food you eat.

“Lactose intolerance means that the body can’t easily digest a special sugar called lactose.”和“lactose is found in almost all dairy products”可知,乳糖不耐受症是由于一些人无法正常消化乳制品造成的。

13.What do we know about lactose?

A.It is found in almost all foods.

B.It is very necessary for the body.

C.It is hard for some people to break down.

D.It changes its form once it is in the body.

“But people like Susan don’t have enough lactase to break down all the lactose they take in.”可知,有些人的身体中没有足够的能够分解乳糖的乳糖酵素,即他们的身体无法完全分解乳糖。

14.What is a result of lactose intolerance?

A.The headache.

B.The stomachache.

C.The feeling of hunger.

D.The feeling of tiredness.

“Her stomach hurt”和第三段中的“their stomachs begin to hurt”可知,腹痛是乳糖不耐受症的症状之一。

15.What would be the best advice for Susan?

A.Enjoy eating dairy-rich foods.

B.Avoid eating out with her friends.

C.Take digestion pills to speed up digestion.

D.Eat dairy-free and diary-rich foods together.

“If you’re going to eat a dairy-rich food like ice cream,eat something that doesn’t have any dairy with it”可知,乳糖不耐受症患者可以将奶制品和非奶制品搭配起来吃,以延缓对乳糖的消化,从而给身体足够多的时间生产乳糖分解酵素。

Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Revising (复习) is an important part of study.It helps you learn,remember,and apply what you know.It is also a good idea to revise before quizzes and exams.16 Here are some tips on how to revise well.

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