英语国家概况试题和答案
I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For ea ch
unfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C and
D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements or answers the question.
1. The economic policy Britain pursued in the 1950s and 1960s was based o n
the theory of ____.
A. Adam Smith
B. John Maynard Keynes
C. Margaret Thatcher
D. Karl Marx
2. In the 1970s Britain maintained the _____ growth rate and the _____ inflation通货膨胀 rate among the developed countries.
A. lowest/lowest
B. highest/highest
C. lowest/highest
D. highest/lowest
3. Under Margaret Thatcher Britain experienced _______.
A. economic recession
B. economic expansion
C. economic decline
D. economic depression
4. In Britain service industries account for about ____ of its gross domes tic product (GDP).国内生产总值
A. one-third
B. two-thirds
C. three-fifths
D. four-fifths
5. The following are the reasons why British coal mining is today calle
d a
"sick" industry except _____.
A. Britain has used up almost all coal deposits 存款，定金
B. the demand for British coal has declined
C. petroleum, water power, and electric power are replacing coal for
many purposes
D. the old British mines are narrow and deep, making it difficult to
sue machines fro mining.
6. Which of the following is not true of British iron and steel industry?
A. Britain's steel industry is declining.
B. No more new discoveries of iron ore have been found in Britain.
C. Supplies of iron ore are now mostly foreign.
D. Compared with newer plants in the world, Britain's steelworks are
not efficient.
7. Rolls-Royce劳斯莱斯 is world famous for _____.
A. machine tools
B. household appliances
C. luxury automobiles 昂贵的汽车
D. high-quality knives and hand tools
8. Why is it that Britain today imports more clothing than it exports?
A. British clothing is of poor quality.
B. Britain does not grow cotton.
C. Many countries with lower costs can produce clothing more cheaply
than the British can.
D. Britain has a highly developed transportation system.
9. The area between _____ and ______ is now often referred to as the "Silicon Glen". 硅谷
A. London/South Wales
B. the Oxford/the Cambridge
C. London/the Cambridge
D. Glasgow格拉斯哥/Edinburgh 爱丁堡
10. Which of the following is not true of Britain's agriculture?
A. British farming is highly mechanized.
B. Agriculture in Britain is intensive.
C. British farming is very efficient.
D. Britain's agriculture can produce enough food for its people.
11. Which area is called the Garden of England and is famous for beautifu l blossoms in spring?
A. The county of Kent肯特英国东南部 in southeastern England.
B. The county of East Sussex in southern England.
C. The county of West Sussex in southern England.
D. The county of Essex in eastern England.
12. Britain once imported chiefly _____ and exported mostly ______.
A. manufactured products/raw materials
B. raw materials/manufactured products 工业产品
C. foods/minerals
D. minerals/foods
13. Britain's leading customers and suppliers are France, Germany and ____ _.
A. Japan
B. Belgium
C. the Netherlands
D. the United States
14. Which of the following is not true of Britain's foreign trade?
A. The value of Britain's exports of goods usually exceeds the value of
its imports.
B. The value of Britain's imports of goods usually exceeds 超出the value of its exports.
C. Manufactured goods now account for about 85% of British imports and
about 80% of its exports.
D. Most of the United Kingdom's trade is with other developed
countries,especially other members of the European union .
15. The European union (EU) is an organization of 15 _____ that promote s
cooperation among its members.
A. European countries
B. developed countries
C. Western European countries
D. Southern European countries
16. Which of the following is not true of the European union ?
A. The United States is also a member of the EU.
B. The members of the EU cooperate in many areas, including politics
and economics.
C. The EU is a major economic unit.
D. The combined value of the union 's imports and exports is greater
than that of any single country in the world.
17. Headquarters of the European union are in ______.
A. Paris, France
B. London, Britain
C. Berlin, Germany
D. Brussels,布鲁塞尔 Belgium 比利时
18. _____ started as a trading post of the Roman Empire about AD 43.
A. The City of Westminster
B. The City of London
C. West End of London
D. East End of London
19. Today, the City of London is the business center of London where ____ _
are located.
A. big supermarkets
B. theatres and cinemas
C. large financial organizations
D. restaurants and cafes
20. What is Lloyd'劳合社s?
A. It is a famous bank.
B. It is a big department store.
C. It is a famous insurance company.
D. It is a large hotel.
1.B
2.C
3.B
4.B
5.A
6.B
7.C
8.C
9.D 10.D 11.A 12.B 13.D 14.A 15.C 16.
A 17.D 18.
B 19.
C 20.C
I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For e ach
unfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C and
D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements or answers the question.
1. Traditional farming involved the open field village, a system that date
d back to th
e ____century.
A. 4th
B. 5th
C. 6th
D. 7th
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. The open field system provided a good opportunity to experiment.
B. The open field system wasted land.
C. The open field system was wasteful of labor and time.
D. The open field system made livestock farming difficult.
3. Which of the following statements is NOT considered a characteristic o
f farmin
g in the late 18t
h and early 19th centuries?
A. Use of artificial fertilizer.
B. Introduction of new agricultural machinery.
C. The 'Open-field' system.
D. A system of crop rotation.
4. Land enclosure圈地 was a disaster for the ____evicted收回财产 from thei r land by the enclosures.
A. landlords
B. tenants 承租人
C. farmers
D. wage laborers
5. In Ireland and Scottish Highlands land enclosure led to mass emigratio n, particularly to ____.
A. Africa
B. Eastern Europe
C. Asia
D. The New World
6. By the early 19th century, Britain had a road network of some ____mile s. 英里
A. 115,000
B. 120,000
C. 125,000
D. 130,000
7. In England no females were allowed to vote in national elections befor
e
____.
A. 1918
B. 1920
C. 1928
D. 1945
8. In 1836 a group of ____and small shopkeepers formed the London Working Men's Association.
A. householders
B. tenants
C. skilled workers
D. office workers
9. The six points of the People's Charter人民宪章 were achieved graduall
y over the period of ____, although the sixth has never been practical. 可实施的
A. 1836-1848
B. 1842-1848
C. 1848-1908
D. 1858-1918
10. Parliament passed the Combination Acts联盟行动 of 1799-1800 to forbi
d th
e formation 形成o
f ____.
A. a new government
B. societies
C. communes
D. union s
11. The Labor Party劳动党 had its origins in the ____, which was formed i n January,1893.
A. Independent Labor Party
B. Grand National Consolidated Trade union
C. Amalgamated Society of Engineers
D. Trade union Congress
12. Thanks to the militant feminist movement基金女权主义运动 of the ____le
d by Mrs. Pankhurst befor
e the First World War, votes were granted to women ove r 30 in 1918.
A. Luddites
B. Suffragettes 男女平等主义者
C. Chartists
D. Levellers
13. The spark of the First World War was struck at Sarajevo 萨拉热窝on Jun
e 28, ____, when the Austrian Crown Prince Franz Ferdinand弗朗茨·费迪南德 wa s assassinated by暗杀 a Serbian nationalist. 塞尔维亚民族主义者
A. 1913
B. 1914
C. 1915
D. 1916
14. As a result of the First World War settlement the ____was establishe
d in 1920.
A. League of Nations国际联盟
B. British Commonwealth
C. British East India Company
D. United Nations
15. After World War I political unrest 不安in Britain led to ____general elections 大选in just over 5 years.
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5
16. The Blitz闪电战 radically根本上 changed the face of London for the fir st time since ____nearly 3 centuries earlier.
A. the Black Death
B. the Great Fire
C. the Civil War
D. the Great Plague
17. The foundations of ____was laid in the late 1940s, providing free medi cal care for everyone and financial help for the old, the sick and the unemployed.
A. the welfare state 福利国家
B. the National Health Service
C. the compulsory education
D. the Women's Liberation Movement
18. In the 1960s Pop music underwent a revolution when the Beatles became world famous and turned their hometown of ____into a place of pilgrimage. 圣地A. Manchester B. Blackpool
C. Liverpool利物浦
D. Sheffield
19. The 1970s saw the growth of ___in Wales and Scotland.
A. liberalism
B. Marxism
C. chauvinism
D. nationalism
20. Margaret Thatcher玛格丽特·撒切尔believed in the following except___ _.
A. self-reliance
B. the strengthening of trade union s 公会
C. privatization
D. the use of monetary policies to control inflation
1.B
2.A
3.C
4.B
5.D
6.C
7. A
8.C
9. D 10.D 11.A 12.B 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.
A 18.C 19.D 20.B
1. There are some ____ universities, including the Open University in Britain.
A. 70
B. 80
C. 90
D. 100
2. Some _____ per cent of secondary schools in England are grant-maintaine
d
(GM) self-governing schools.
A. 10
B. 15
C. 20
D. 25
3. The universities of Oxford and Cambridge date from the ____ centuries.
A. 12th and 13th
B. 13th and 14th
C. 14th and 15th
D. 15th and 16th
4. Over ____ science parks have been set up by higher education institutio ns
in conjunction with industrial scientists and technologists.
A. 10
B. 20
C. 30
D. 40
5. With about _____ daily and Sunday newspapers published nationwide, the British public reads more newspapers than virtually any other country in
the world.
A. 110
B. 120
C. 130
D. 140
6. The BBC World Service broadcasts international news worldwide, using English and ____ other languages.
A. 37
B. 38
C. 39
D. 40
7. In summer there are open-air theatres, including one in London's Regent 's
Park, where ____ are performed, and the Minack Theatre, which is an open cliffside near Land's End in Cornwall.
A. William Shakespeare's plays
B. Christopher Marlowe's plays
C. Ben Johnson's plays
D. George Bernard Shaw's plays
8. Pantomime is a kind of play based on a traditional fairy tale and per- formed ____.
A. at Easter
B. on New Year's Day
C. on St. Patrick's Day
D. at Christmas time
9. Edinburgh International Festival of Music and Drama takes place for a period of 3 to 4 weeks between ____ when Edinburgh becomes a center of
cultural activity.
A. July and August
B. August and September
C. September and October
D. October and November
10. In ____ each year the National Film Theatre hosts the London Film Fes -
tival, at which some 250 new films from all over the world are screened.
A. September
B. October
C. November
D. December
1. C
2. B
3. A
4. D
5. C
6. B
7. A
8. D
9. B 10. C
1. The National Health Service was established in the United Kingdom in
_____.
A. 1946
B. 1947
C. 1948
D. 1949
2. Prescription charges do not apply to the following people except ____.
A. self-employed people
B. child under 16
C. war and armed forces disablement pensioners
D. women aged 60 and over and men aged 65 and over
3. NHS has suffered from under-funding in recent decades, as a result of which many ______ people have been turning to private medical health care. A. working class B. elderly
C. educated
D. better-off
4. Britain ahs about ______ million adults with one or more disabilitie
s, of
whom around 7 percent live in communal establishments.
A. 4
B. 5
C. 6
D. 7
5. Most pregnant working women receive their statutory maternity pay direc tly
from their employer for a maximum of _____ weeks.
A. 17
B. 18
C. 19
D. 20
6. The Church of England is not free to change its form of worship, as lai
d
down in _____ without the consent of Parliament.
A. the Bill of Rights
B. the Provisions of Oxford
C. the Constitutions of Clarendon
D. the Book of Common Prayer
7. The position of the Church of Scotland was defined in the Treaty of uni on ,
1707, and further safeguarded by the Church of Scotland Act, ______.
A. 1921
B. 1922
C. 1923
D. 1924
8. The Salvation Army is served by 1,800 officers (ordained ministers) an
d
runs more than _____ worship centers.
A. 500
B. 1,000
C. 1,500
D. 2,000
9. At Christmas, the home is decorated with the following except _____.
A. colorful paper chains
B. leaves of holly and mistletoe
C. a young fir-tree
D. firecrackers
10. Easter is traditionally associated with the following except ____.
A. the resurrection of Christ
B. the eating of Easter eggs
C. the custom of giving presents
D. the coming of spring
1. C
2. A
3. D
4. C
5. B
6. D
7. A
8. B
9. D 10. C
I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For ea ch
unfinished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements or
answers the question.
1. The first known settlers of Britain were the ____.
A. Celts
B. Iberians
C. Beaker Folk
D. Romans
2. The Celts' religion was ____.
A. Buddhism
B. Islam
C. Druidism
D. Christianity
3. Roman control was only effective in ____.
A. Scotland
B. Wales
C. London
D. The southeast of Britain
4. Christianity was first brought to England by the ____.
A. Romans
B. Celts
C. Anglo-Saxons
D. Danes
5. The Romans remained in control of Britain for nearly 400 years and they
pulled out in ____.
A. 306 AD
B. 410 AD
C. 446 AD
D. 1066 AD
6. Which of the following tribes came to Britain first?
A. The Angles.
B. The Saxons.
C. The Gaels.
D. The Jutes.
7. ____ became the first real king of England, though he did not assume that style.
A. Offa
B. Egbert
C. Vortigern
D. Hengist
8. ____ became the first Archbishop of Canterbury.
A. Columba
B. Ethelbert
C. St. Augustine
D. Egbert
9. The Vikings began to attack various parts of England from the end of the ____century.
A. 7th
B. 8th
C. 9th
D.10th
10. Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?
A. The Anglo-Saxons.
B. The Normans.
C. The Vikings.
D. The Romans
11. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Alfred the Great started the English navy.
B. Alfred the Great reorganized the Saxon any, making it more
efficient.
C. Alfred the Great established schools and formulated a legal System.
D. Alfred the Great impose a tax, called the Danegeld, on the Saxons.
12. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Canute was chosen by the Witan as king of England.
B. Canute was a warrior king and fought many battles against the
Normans.
C. Canute divided power between Danes and Saxons.
D. Canute forced Malcolm II, king of the Scots, to recognize him as
overlord.
13. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Edward the Confessor was more French than English.
B. Edward the Confessor filled his court with 'foreign' favorites.
C. Edward the Confessor was on very good terms with his father-in-law,
Earl Godwin.
D. Edward the Confessor appointed a Norman priest Archbishop of
Canterbury.
14. When Edward the Confessor died, ____was chosen by the Witan as king Of
England.
A. the king of Norway
B. Harold Godwinson, Earl of Wessex
C. Edgar, Edward's nephew
D. Tostig, the deposed Earl of Northumbria
15. Tostig, Harold's brother, joined____, and made an attempt to recover his
lost earldom of Northumbria.
A. Harold Hardrada, King of Norway
B. Edgar, Edward's nephew
C. Malcolm II, King of the Scots
D. Hardicanute
16. William, Duke of Normandy, fought King Harold of England at the Battle of
Hastings in____.
A. 1086
B. 1066
C. 1035
D. 1381
17. William won the Battle of Hastings. Later, on____, he was crowned king of
England.
A. Easter Day
B. St. Andrew's Day
C. Christmas Day
D. Boxing Day
18. William, Duke of Normandy, is now known as____.
A. William the Confessor
B. William Lion-Heart
C. the father of the British navy
D. William the Conqueror
19. Most of the land belonging to the Saxons was confiscated by William and
given to____.
A. the Norman barons
B. the Danes
C. the Irish
D. the Scots
20. The Norman Conquest is perhaps ____event in English history.
A. a trifling
B. the best-known
C. a horrifying
D. a sensational
1. B
2. C
3. D
4. A
5. B
6. C
7. B
8. C
9. B l0.
A 11. D 12.
B l3.
C l4. B l5. A 16. B 17. C l8.
D 19. A 2
0. B
Part of Britain
I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each un finished statement or question four suggested answers marked A, B, C and
D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statements or answers the question.
1. The United Kingdom is located in ____.
A. northern Europe
B. western Europe
C. northwestern Europe
D. southeastern Europe
2. The two large islands that make up the British Isles are ____.
A. Scotland and Ireland
B. Britain and Scotland
C. Great Britain and Northern Ireland
D. Great Britain and Ireland
3. The British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the
Commonwealth of Nations in ____.
A. 1921
B. 1931
C. 1945
D. 1950
4. The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries ____.
A. that were once colonies of Britain
B. that have a large number of British immigrants
C. that have close relations with Britain
D. that have fought on the side of Britain in the two world wars
5. The English Channel separates the island of Great Britain from ____.
A. Denmark
B. Belgium
C. France
D. the Netherlands
6. England has three main land regions. They are the Southwestern Plateau, the Pennines, and ___.
A. the Eastern Plain
B. the Highland