研究生基础英语课后答案(毛大威版)Unit1——6

研究生基础英语课后答案Unit1-6

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英译汉

communication satellite 通讯卫星mobile telephony 移动通讯

intelligent robot 智能机器人clone 克隆

telecommunications 远程通讯stock holder 股东

taxing authority 税务机关charitable organization 慈善机构nonprofit firm 非盈利公司sales forecast 销售预测

economic forecast 经济预测tourist resort旅游胜地

landscape scenery 山水风光virgin forest 原始森林

hitchhiking 沿途免费搭乘他人便车旅行outdoor adventures户外冒险活动

a camper 野营者antibiotic 抗生素

gene 基因El Nino 厄尔尼塔

marine 海产的,海运的；舰队,海运业vitamin 维生素

humility 谦逊endeavor n & v 努力，尝试

sincerity 真诚真挚patriotism 爱国主义

faith 信仰，信念divine 神圣的，非凡的，崇高的reconcile 调和，和解self-observation 自我审视

ethics class 道德教育课computer-aided cheating 利用计算机作弊failing grade 不及格plagiarism 剽窃

mandatory penalty 强制惩罚junk email harassment 垃圾邮件骚扰

汉译英

文学literature 科幻小说science fiction

空间旅行space traveling 外星人alien

人类社会human society 高技术high-technology

信息时代information age 信息产业information industry

管理management 协调coordinate

运作operate 人力资源human resources

经费funds 决策make decisions

政府部门governmental agencies 金融机构financial institution

远足hike 兜风go for a ride

观光sight-seeing 探险explore, exploration

交游go outing 滑雪skiing

冲浪surfing 睡袋sleeping bag

导游图tourist map 夏令营summer camp

羊羔lamb 山羊goat 猪崽piglet 奶牛cow

牛犊calf 家禽fowl 哺乳动物mammal

家畜domestic animals 善意goodwill, good intentions

高尚noble 成就achievement, success, accomplishment 抱负ambition, aspiration 原则principle

奉献dedicate 平等equality

忠诚sincerity, loyalty, faithfulness 抄袭copy / plagriarise

作弊cheating 道德准则ethics

校行政人员school officials 开除explusion

学年school year 读书报告book report

校园社区服务on-compus community sevice

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Unit1predict reveal dominate in search of play a major role in call for in reality speculation a wide range of respect

1、They got there in the late afternoon and went around in search of a place to stay.

2、The astronomers were questioned on a wide range of subjects from physics to psychology.

3、As people spend more time watching TV and reading the newspapers, the media plays a major role in influencing their opinions.

4、There was a strange silence about what was happening, but the details of the murder were finally revealed by the local paper.

5、After another round of negotiations, they finally signed a declaration calling for an immediate ceasefire.

6、Xiao Ling always seems so self-confident, but in reality she is extremely shy.

7、I have to admit that she is very nice as a hostess, but she dose tend to dominate the conversation.

8、Out of respect for the whishes of her family, the accident was not reported in the local media.

9、The company's expansion was predicted on the assumption that sales would rise.

10、Any suggestion of an imminent crash in stock market is pure speculation.

Unit2require acquire operate comprehend motivate maintain adapt to be certain access to coordinate component convert

1、As an excellent manager, he is very good at motivating his employees.

2、Their principal activities are to serve the French corporations operating abroad.

3、The two rival companies maintained close relations for ten years.

4、A large complex organization can be slow to adapt to changes.

5、The ability to use a language can be acquired only by the act of using the language.

6、A password is needed to get access to the computer system.

7、Good records are required for the preparation of complete and accurate tax documents.

8、They read the story, but only a few fully comprehended its meaning.

9、They converted the medieval castle into a beautiful theater.

10、The doctor was certain after examining his wounds that he could not possibly live.

Unit3 accessible to push off at a rice a craving for

negotiate accommodate unique consistently

1、Housing could be obtained at a price .

2、Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.

3、Patrick is not sure whether he can negotiate the turn at the bottom.

4、The hungry beggar had a craving for food, any food left by the geests.

5、Let's push off early so that we'll get there before nightfall.

6、John and Armstrong maintain consistently a high standard.

7、Those foreign students are accommodated in Canadian homes near the campus for a three-week orientation program.

8、Each person's signature is unique and that will help us to find out if this document is a forgery.

Unit4clone donation donor transplant cattle recipient mammal initiate reverse at intervals light up

1、The cost of feeding fully grown cattle for a period of time can be significant

2、Nonsexual reproduction from a single parent is already possible and every clone produced in this way is absolutely identical to the parent.

3、Former students collected money for scholarship fund. We are very grateful to the donors for their generous donations.

4、Baby animals of mammals such as mice, cows and monkeys get milk from their mothers breasts.

5、We transplanted the small peach tree from the back of the house to the front because it did not get enough sunlight there.

6、Shall we recipients the order and put Z at the beginning of this dictionary?

7、The searchlight reverse the whole area.

8、The government lit up a large-scale campaign to eliminate illiteracy.

9、The initiated of Nobel Prize are honored at special ceremonies in Sweden and Norway.

10、Rain fell at irregular intervals throughout the night.

Unit5

1.Jane was confined to bed due to illness for three months

2.Many women lost their jobs during the economic depression

3.The corrupting effects of complete power ruined many politicians

4.Her first reaction to the news was a mixture of grief and comfort

5.The journalist wrote an article in which police corruption was exposed to the full

6.Shop assistants are asked to make every endeavor to provide the customer satisfaction

7.he argued that the British legal system was derived from Roman law and has evolved into a

complicated system

8.The disease is spreading quickly in the city and people ,especially children and the aged ,are

at risk

9.The book gives readers a deeper insight into European culture

10.The witness gave the police a full account of what had happened in the courtyard

Unit6

dedicate…to tend to subject…to involve

compared with doctoral attribution wise up

1. He has been depressed and his novel tends to be pessimistic.

2. The researchers subjected the material to all kinds of tests before they put it into use.

3. Today most parents think they should involve themselves in their children’s education,

4. He has run into some difficulties , but he knew that they were nothing compared with yours.

5. It was at Stanford University that Albert Marvell decided to dedicate his life to science.

6. From this initial dissatisfaction my own doctoral thesis developed.

7. It is regarded as a social norm that one should always remember to cite others’words with proper attribution.

8. Wise up Victoria, Jane is cheating you. She has never returned money to anyone she borrowed

from.

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Unit1

1. The students attended a class entitled “Beyond Tradition ”,in which they discussed the effect of technology on traditional culture

2. China has a vast territory and abundant resources .she is a large country with a long history and

a rich cultural heritage

3. At the conference , the minister a accused the organization of sponsoring terrorism .

4. The research program is sponsored by a large computer company

5. The drop in student numbers added further complication to the situation

6. Now he was getting a lesson in the complexity of diesel engines

7. Being a member of Animal Adoration Society, she seems to think that animal rights should prevail over everything else

8. It was obvious that her husband completely dominated her.

9. As one of the leading candidates for the presidency, he still needs the help of his supporters to win the election

10. In most cases, investors are entitled to a reasonable return on their money

Unit2

1.John did not follow the correct procedure in applying for the job

2.The firm is now on the process of moving the machines to a new factory

3.The scientists from the two medical schools are cooperating in the attempt to find a cure for

the disease

4.They appointed a new manager to coordinate the work of the team

5.He set an objective for the new organization to provide free legal aid to the poor

6.The main objection to program was that it would cost too much

7.They used a new drug in the treatment that is effective against the cancer

8. A successful manager needs an efficient secretary

9.The installation of the new machinery has doubled the productivity of the factory

10.The new training program made the workers highly productive

Unit3

1.Since 1978, the amount of money availableto buy books has fallen by 17%

2.The building has been made accessible to disabled people

3.She is constantly changing her mind

4.He has consistently stood firm on the side of the oppressed people

5.They convert an old stable into a little comfortable house

6.Because the normal word order is reversed in passive in passive voice sentences, they are

sometimes hard to follow

7.If you enjoy outdoor activities, this is the trip for you

8.I reckon it’s warm enough to eat outdoors this evening

9.The Tibetan highland is a land of blue skies and warm sunshine

10.She looked out over the rooftops and the open sky

Unit4（选择题）

1.Nobody can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by science fiction

2.He claimed to be an expert in astronomy , but in fact he is quite ignorant on the subject , what

little he knows about it is out of date and inaccurate

3.The managjng director refused to accept neither of the four proposals made by the contractors

4.Professor Smith implied ,but did not directly say , that Americans are more concerned with

making money than anything else

5.There is every possibility of our winning the game

6.There people spoke at the meeting ,one was a lawyer ,another a teacher ,and the third was a

social worker

7.I have been to the doctor’s about my backache , he says there is nothing serious ,but I must ile

up for a few days

8.The New York Times will soon carry colour advertisements; none of this will matter if

newspapers eventually disappear

9.We stood up , thinking through the possibilities ,There weren’t many

10.Melton Brown was the only salon producing its own shampoos and hair-care products all

based on herbal recipes

Unit5

1.An aircraft carrier and nineteen warships left the naval base today for exercises at sea

2.He returned to South Carolina in 1966 and established his own legal practice

3.The kidnappers threatened to kill the hostages unless they received a ransom of $500,000

4.In his inaugural address Lincoln repeated that his government posed no threat to slavery in the

states

5.If they had negotiated a peace earlier they could have avoided this terrible , bloody war

6.He flew nine special missions in that area in 2003 and has experience with biological warfare

7.The object of the war to restore the Union ; but the cause of the war was slavery

8.It took her three months to recover her spirits after that unexpected blow

9.The newspaper aims to reflect the views of the middle class

10.Their main purpose was to deflect attention from the opponents’ criticism

Unit6

1. They knew that it is a criminal offense to sell pirated videos on the street.

2. She is very sensitive and will be offended if you don’t accept her invitation.

3. The most common complaint from car drivers is about the lack of parking facilities.

4. Customers complained to the company about the poor bus service.

5. The y’ve come to the conclusion that he is not the right person for the job.

6. He concluded from what he was told that the situation in the city was bad and getting worse.

7. He worked hard and was soon promoted to marketing manager.

8. The committee has decided to remove the corrupt administrator.

9. The worked out a program to speed up the development of new energy sources.

10.The made use of the available financial resource to establish a small science laboratory.

11.Violence and crime are pervasive features of city life.

12.A resolution to maintain the truce was carried by an overwhelming majority.

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Uint2

1.He said that they should examine all the costs involved in the project first

2.Dealing with this diversity of human resources in the 2010’s and beyond will be a significant

challenge to managers

3.Smith’s Tuesday morning experiences are typical of managerial work, which is varied,

fragmented, and difficult to plan and organize.

4.Effective managers may be one of a developed country’s most valuable resources, and they

are one of the most needed resources in less developed countries

5.The specific tasks of a manager in a college or university department differ from those of

people managing in other organizations

6.Bad management results in poor employee morale, poor quality, low productivity, and

unnecessary employee-employer conflicts

7.Errors in judgement for job hunting can prevent even the finest candidate from landing the job

she or he wants

8.The business plan is a written document that clearly defines the goals of a business and

outlines the methods for achieving them

9.Rapid technological developments in transportation and communications have brought the

peoples of the world closer together in a physical sense

10.A recent survey revealed that 54 percent considered a foreign language necessary for doing

business abroad

Unit3

1.He said that they should examine all the costs involved in the project first

2.That is the usual way the telecommunications company deals with complaints

3.Despite a thorough investigation, no trace of the escaped prisoner has been found

4.About 1000 local workers were employed in the tourism industry last year

5.At the heart of Dr. Piaget’s theories was an orderly schedule of stages, of children’s

perceptions by age

UNIT5

1.She never lost faith in Steven who was now under heavy criticism on account of his failure

2.At the moment Natasha is on the point of losing her self-control

3.After a cabinet meeting in the morning and a drive with Mary in the afternoon , Lincoln was

in excellent spirits

4.His wife did not want him to run for the Presidency because she feared for his safety

5.The white mist was so thick that at five paces from the house one saw nothing but a shadowy

mass

6.Nature is a friend whom we keep until death, and into whom we shall enter when we die

7.Serving in two partnerships, he quickly built up a good practice based on his reputation

8.He finally moved out of the fifteenth address the family had lived in since his birth into room

in Furnival’s Inn

9.For a long time, he has been suffering from the discord between his life and his beliefs

10.Objections to slavery in the mid-Western states did have a moral ingredient ,but the driving

energy was territorial and did not imply sympathy for blacks

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Unit2

1.I was waiting all the morning. You should have told me you weren’t coming

2.There must have been a bad accident here. Look at all the broken glass around.

3.I should like to have been told the result earlier

4.You needn’t have carried all those parcels by yourself .The shop would have delivered them if

you had required it

5.No one dared to question the order of the commander at that time

6.I can’t find my mobile phone. Imay have left it in the restaurant yesterday

7.Since you’ve finished with these magazines, you may as well sell them and make some

money.

8.----Look! Those people who are coming into the hall are carrying wet umbrellas

----It must be raining /must have been raining outside

Unit6

1. I wouldn’t have gotten lost if I had asked for directions. (ask)

2. If I hadn’t to study I would have gone to the concert. (go)

3. If I had had enough money I would have paid cash for the house.(pay)

4. If she had written it down on the calendar, she wouldn’t have forgotten it.(forget).

5. She wouldn’t had bought that car even if she had had enough money. (have)

6. They would have gone on the trip if it hadn’t rained. (rain).

7. Had they known you didn’t have training, they would have hired you.(hire)

8. It is rewarding and perfectly harmless, otherwise I wouldn’t have done it . (do)

9. She suggested that we should set as deadline for handing in the proposals. (set)

10. I am lucky that I am interested in the subject I have chosen, otherwise I would be depressed. (depress)

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Unit1

1.Eventually he realizes （what）that they are asking themselves a question which has never

occurred to him

2.Modern drugs have a new role (to be played)to play in controlling diseases of the mind

3.she has a cheerful disposition and has kept in contact (for) with most of her friends from

college

4.After another round of negotiations ,they (called on )called for the immediate release of the

hostages

5.There were some delays on the road because of heavy traffic and it (spend) took him there

hours to get to the airport.

Unit2

1.Believe it or not ,his success was due (in) to luck

2.The changes have been apparent (at) over the past five years.

3.In addition (for) to English, the students learn art ,music and history

4.Tim likes outdoor activities. He will to out (another) rather than stay home.

5.She hasn’t made up her mind as (for) to where she will spend her holiday

Unit3

1．The police (says) say that they have arrested twenty people following the disturbance 2．Business managers focused on increasing their personal wealth by any available (mean)means 3．The taste of vitamins is not so nice ,so the flavour sometimes(need ) needs to be disguised 4．In Wai Wen Bookshop (is) are to be found books in various languages

5．An expert together with some assistants (were) was sent to help resolve the problem

6．They’ve got two hundred books ,one hundred and twenty are in Chinese and the rest (is) are in English

7．Lake Superior is such a large freshwater lake that the waves (that breaks) that break on its shores are like the waves of the sea

8．(Here are things) The things you can do in the European “good outdoors ”include camping, snow –mobiling, skiing, hunting and horseback riding

Unit 5

1.In a war in which every state was providing its sons for the army , every election (deflected )

reflected reactions to the ebb and flow of successes in the field

2.he did not blame her at all; (by ) on the contrary; he remembered with love and gratitude the

forty long years of their life together

3.V oters were inclined towards one party or the other according to how they saw their interests

being (effected ) affected at any particular moment

4.Nationally, he has raised the discussion of (which ) what was at stake to a high moral level

and shown himself to be a worthy opponent of the country’s most formidable orator

5.The only company he had was his fellow-workers and illiterate boys with whom he had

nothing (for ) in common ,though they were kind to him in their rough way

6.He was thus by the age of twenty-three (full ) fully independent ,conscious that he could

depend on no one but himself ,but with a good appreciation of his own abilities

7.He relaxed as energetically as he did everything else ,squeezing every ounce of interest and

pleasure (on ) out of the Italian adventure

8.Not content to rest on his laurels ,Orlando has accepted what may be his most (ambition )

ambitious role to date in the movie The Trojan War

9.Professor Smith supervised her senior thesis in nuclear physics and provided her (for ) with a

wonderful research experience and with his friendship

10.It was made clear to the first generation of Canadian-born children (who) that the path to

opportunity was through education

※- - - - - -英译汉- - - - - -※

1、Science fiction is a literature genre developed in the 20th century in which the fiction writer addresses how scientific discoveries, technological developments, and future events and societal changes affect human beings. The description of these influences may be a careful and informed extrapolation of scientific facts and principles, or it may range into farfetched areas flatly contradictory of such facts and principles.

科幻小说是20世纪发展起来的一种文学体裁，科幻小说作家在其作品中描述科学发现、技术进步以及未来的事情和社会变化如何影响人类。对这些影响的描写，可能是对科学事实和原理的一种细致而有根据的判断，或是描写与这些事实和原理完全矛盾的令人难以置信的一些领域。

2、Managerial economics is the study of the application of economic principles of decision-making in business firms or in other management units. The basic concepts are derived mainly form microeconomic theory, which studies the behavior of individual consumers, firms, and industries, but new tools of analysis have been added. Statistical methods, for example, are becoming increasingly important in estimating current and future demand for products.

管理经济学研究将经济学原理运用于企业公司或其他管理部门的决策之中，其基本概念主要来自研究个体消费者、公司和行业的经济行为的微观经济学，但加进了新的分析方法。例如

各种统计方法在估计产品当前和今后的需求中已日渐重要。

3、The unique contribution of the United States to those who love the great outdoors are the National Parks and State Parks. They are beautifully organized and give particular thought to campers. There are also campsites by the sea, which are hidden from the beach by a lion of sand dunes, or a thick belt of trees. Wherever you go, you can nearly always find picnic places complete with wooden tables, benches, garbage cans and restrooms.

美国为野外活动爱好者所做的特殊贡献是建立了众多的国家公园和州立公园，这些公园布局漂亮，体现了对野营爱好者的特殊关爱。海边也有许多野营营地。这些营地，或在海滩一连串的沙丘后，或在海滩茂密的林带后面。无论你走到哪里，几乎总能找到地方野餐，这些地方设备齐全，全都配有木制桌子、凳子、垃圾桶和洗手间。

4、Basically, all the nervous elements which underlie the experience of pain by human beings are to be found in all mammalian vertebrates at least; this is hardly surprising as pain is a response to a potentially harmful stimulus and is therefore of great biological importance for survival. Is there any reason, for supposing that animals, though equipped with all the necessary neurological structures, do not experience pain? Such a view would seem to presuppose a profound qualitative difference in the mental life of animals and men.

一般来说，参与人体痛觉经历的神经组织至少在哺乳类动物身上都可以找到，这并不令人惊讶，因为疼痛是一种对潜在危险刺激的反应，从而具有使动物生存下去的重要的生物学意义。那么，在动物拥有所有必要的神经结构的情况下，我们有什么理由认为它们不能感受疼痛呢？那种认为动物不能感受疼痛的看法似乎认定动物和人在精神生活中存在本质的区别。

5、Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We have met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives so that the nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate ---we can not consecrate ---we can not hallow ----this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say.

目前我们正在进行一场伟大的国内战争，我们的国家或任何一个有着同样理想与目标的国家能否长久存在，这场战争就是一次考验。我们在这场战争的一个伟大的战场上相聚。我们来到这里，将这战场的一小块土地奉献给那些为国家生存而英勇捐躯的人们，作为他们最后的安息之地。我们这样做是完全恰当的，完全应该的。

然而，从更深一层的意义上来说，我们没有能力奉献这块土地，没有能力使这块土地变得神圣。因为曾在这里进行过斗争的那些活着和已经死去的勇士们，已经使这块土地变得如此圣洁，我们微薄的力量已不能再对它有所改变，我们今天在这时说的话，世人不会注意，也不会长久记住，但这些英雄的业绩，人们将永记不忘。

6、Although ethics has always been viewed as a branch of philosophy, its all-embracing practical nature links it with many other areas of study, including anthropology, biology, economics, history, politics, sociology, and theology. Yet, ethics remains distinct from such disciplines because it is not a matter of factual knowledge in the way that the sciences and other branches of inquiry are. Rather, it has to do with determining the nature of normative theories and applying these sets of principles to practical moral problems.

虽然人们总把伦理学看作是哲学的一个分支，但伦理学包罗万象的实践的本质使它与其他许多学科领域联系起来，这些学科包括人类学、生物学、经济学、历史学、政治学、社会学和神学。然而，伦理学又与这些学科不同，因为它不像科学和其他学问那样涉及实在的知识，

而是涉及确定规范理论的本质以及将这些原则应用于实际的道德问题。

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1、由于现代科学的兴起，特别是天文学和物理学的巨大变革，科学幻想小说的出现才成为可能。真正的科幻小说始于19世纪末儒勒·凡尔纳的科学幻想浪漫故事，不过，凡尔纳的科学只是停留在发明的水平上。

Science fiction was made possible only by the rise of modern science itself, notably the great revolutions in astronomy and physics, Science fiction proper began toward the end of the 19th century with the scientific romances of Jules Verne, whose science was rather on the level of invention.

2、好的管理是实现个人和社会目标的不可缺少的内容。好的管理可以创造高质量的工作和高生产率，可以把冲突减至最低程度和最大限度地促进合作，所有这些会使经济不断改善，而这又为个人发展和社会进步打下很好的基础。

Good management is a vital element in achieving personal and social objectives. Good management can creat high quality and high productivity, minimize conflicts and maximize cooperation, all of which lend to an improving economy which lays an excellent foundation for personal development and social progress.

3、世界上很少有国家能像美国这样有如此多样诱人的野外旅游资源。美国气候多样，风景秀丽，公路四通八达，人们可以驱车前往任何值得观光的地方。许多美国人，无论老幼，都喜欢开野营车外出野营。有些老年退休夫妇将他们很大一部分的储蓄存款用来购买这种“车上家园”。他们每年花半年时间漫游美国，享受野外的绚丽风光。

Few countries have such a varied and tempting Outdoors as the USA. It has different kinds of climate and a spectacular landscape. Freeways and highways lead you to any places where there are things worth seeing. Many Americans, young and old, prefer camping in vehicles called “campers”. Some retired couples put a large part of their saving into such “home on wheels” and spend half of the year roaming the country, enjoying the great outdoors.

4、近年来科学家的发现使我们开始改变对动物的看法。原来动物与人类的相似之处比我们想象的要多得多。它们也能感受痛苦，体验压力，表达情感、兴奋和爱。科学家通过对动物的认真观察或检测获得它们的这些情感反应。现在尚不清楚家畜的这些反应是否会对其肉的品质产生影响。

Animals are more like us than we ever imagined. They feel pain, they experience stress, they show affection, excitement and love. All these findings have been made by scientists in recent years and such results are beginning to change how we view animals. Scientists obtained those reactions of animals through careful observation and laboratory testing. It is still uncertain if such reactions could degrade the meat quality of farm animals.

5、他的工作日从早饭之前就在办公室开始了，然后读报纸，签署文件，会见部长。用过简单的午饭后他可能骑马出去，或驾马车与夫人一起出去，也许去一个士兵医院，或一个军营。晚饭后他可能会回到办公室再工作三个小时，或者披上一条灰色的长围巾，不带卫兵独自出去散步，到作战部（War Department）去看看有什么电报，回到家时通常是午夜了。

His working day started in his office before breakfast and was followed by reading papers, signing documents and seeing ministers, After a light lunch, he might ride, or drive with his wife, perhaps visiting a soldiers’ hospital or a camp. After supper he might return for another three hours in his office or walk along without a guard with a long grey shawl round his shoulders, to see what telegrams were coming in to the War Department, returning home around midnight.

6、重要的是教师要有真正的同情心，能对他人表示理解。同时教师还要宽容，不是宽容学生的错误，而是宽容他们的不成熟。教师必须在知识上和道德上诚实，这是至关重要的。教师要明白自己智力上的优势和局限，要认真考虑并待定指导自己一生的道德准则。

It is important for a teacher to have a genuine capacity for sympathy- a capacity to understand the minds and feelings of other people. Closely related with this is the capacity to be tolerant-not of what is wrong, but of the immaturity of his students. It is essential for a teacher to be both intellectually and morally honest. It means that he will be aware of his intellectual strengths and limitations, and will have thought about and decided upon the moral principles by which his life shall be guided.

※- - - - - -句子翻译- - - - - -※

1、她说不应当允许发生这样的错误。

She said that such errors ought not to be allowed.

2、在挑选计算机时，你必须要选择合适的软件。

When choosing a computer, you will need to select the right software.

3、我们在工作中可能会有机会与国外的专家进行交流。

In our work, we may occasionally communicate with experts in other countries.

4、如果一个人要在商界成功的话，就必须克服这些困难。

These obstacles must be overcome if one is to be successful in the business world.

5、市场调研十分重要，搜集到的信息可以增加你盈利的可能性。

Market research is very important, the information which has been gathered can increase your profit potential.

6、因为没有一家公司的财政经费有它所期待的那么多，所以公司必须就如何使用其有限的资金进行决策。

Because no company has many financial resources as it would like to have (as might have been expected), decision must be made regarding how these limited resources will be used.

7、You are supposed to pay right after the goods are delivered. 货到付款

8、A modern technical basis must rest on modern science and technology.

现代技术的基础必须建立在现代科学技术上。

9、He behaved politely which answering the interviewer's question.

他在回答采访者的问题时很有礼貌。

10、Each day we make choices that affect our lives and, sometimes, the lives of others.

我们每天遇事都要拿主意，拿得对不对都会影响我们自己的生活，有时也会影响他人的生活。

11、His failure to observe the safety regulations results in an accident to the machinery.

因为他没有遵守安全规则，所以机器出故障了。

12、For many years, there has been serious unemployment in this city.

多年来，该城市一直存在着严重的事业现象。

13、I'm afraid I can't teach you to pay badminton.I think Lin Jin is a better teacher than I.

我恐怕教不了你羽毛球，林静可能比我教得要好。

14、This program is not popular with all of people.

并不是所有的人都喜欢这个计划。

15、Open the windows and let the fresh air in.

打开窗户透透气。

16、Washington figured prominently in the history of America.

华盛顿是美国历史上的接触人物（华盛顿在美国历史上占有突出地位）。

17、Let me see if it works.

让我看看是不是坏了。

18、The proposal was surprisingly criticized by all walks of people.

这个建议受到了各阶层人的批评，真的令人吃惊。

19、Just a few words of praise made him exceedingly pleased with himself.

夸了他两句，他就美得不行了。

20、Heat is required to change ice to water.

如果要冰融化成水就必须加热。

21、The professor entered the laboratory followed by his graduate students.

这个教授进了实验室，后面跟着他的研究生。

22、I'm sorry that you're ill. 你病了，我很难过。

23、她在公共汽车上被人偷了钱包。

She had her purse stolen on the bus.

24、开了这么长的路，你应该让人把车洗一下

You should have your car cleaned after this long drive/

25、这台彩电都用了快八年了，不值得让人修了。

This color television is almost eight years old. It isn’t worth having it repaired.

26、他让医生把车间里所有的人都查了一遍，但没有发现中毒者。

He asked the doctor to have everyone in the workshop examined and no one was found to be poisoned.

27、我请人把房子重新装修了一下，并在每间卧室里安装了空调。

I had my house renovated and installed an air conditioner in every bedroom.

研究生英语综合教程(课后习题答案)

Unit One Task 1 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.D 8.C 9.A 10.D 11.A 12.B Task 2 1.public(c) 2.discipline(b) 3.strength(a) 4.reference(a) 5.strength(d) 6.public(a) 7.demonstrated(b) 8.discipline(c) 9.references(c) 10.personality(a) 11.discipllining(d) 12.demonstrates(a) 13.public(d) 14.reference(b) 15.personality(c) Task 3 1.employment 2.paid 3.adjust 4.setting 5.discouraged 6.credit 7.cite 8.demonstrate 9.teamwork 10.rules Unit Two Task 1 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C Task 2 1. bud (n.); budding (adj.) 2. access (n.); access (v.) 3. taste (n.);tasted (v.) 4. fool (n.); fooling (v.) 5. produces (v.); produce (n.) 6. garnish (v.); garnishes (n.) 7. reigns (v.); reign (n.) 8. concern (n.); concerned (v.) 9. named (v.); name (n.) 10. practiced (v.); practice (n.) Task 3 1) integration 2) choice 3) handed 4) aspiring 5) steaming 6) masterpieces 7) pleasure 8) partake 9) amazing 10) presented Unit Three Task 1 1.A 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.A Task 2 1. stack up against 2. struck a chord 3. amounted to 4. chopping off 5. appeal to 6. pick up on 7. turned out 8. fade away 9. brought together 10. pulled off 11. thrust upon 12. be kept clear of Task 3 1) swirling 2) delivered 3) glowed 4) intervals 5) converge 6) wanderings 7) navigate 8) jealousy 9) presence 10) absorbed Unit Four Task 1 1.A 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. C Task 2 1. maintained (a) 2. romantic (a)

工程硕士 研究生英语基础教程课后习题 Unit1-15 汉译英全部 精校版

工程硕士研究生英语基础教程(汉译英Unit1-15) Unit 1 B. 1. 她计划自己创业。 She plans to set up her own business 2. 态度也很重要。 Attitude also matters. 3. 她在客人们到达之前把所有家具都擦亮了. She had polished all the furniture before the gusts arrived. 4. 有些经理不知道如何与人打交道handle Some managers have no idea how to handle people. 5.我们完成那项工程的时间打破了记录(record) We finished the work in record time. 6. 她喜欢东西都摆好以后再开始工作。She likes everything to be in place before she starts working. 7. 她常常一天工作12小时。（put in） She often puts in 12 hours’ work a day. 8. 他是从报纸上得到这一信息的.（acquire） He acquired the information from the newspapers. 9. 我们部门有一个助理的职位空缺. ( Associate professor 副教授lecturer 讲师) There’s an opening for an assistant in our department. 10. 该组织旨在促进各国之间的友谊. The organization works to promote friendship between nations. Unit2 B. 1. 今晚她很可能给我打电话。（likely） She is very likely to ring me tonight. 2. 我看不懂这篇文章（beyond） Understanding this article is beyond my capacity. 3. 新刷的一层油漆可使房间焕然一新（transform） A fresh coat of paint can transform a room. 4. 做事不先考虑总会导致失败。（result in） Acting before thinking always results in failure. 5. 他估计那项工作需要三个月。（estimate） He estimated that the work would take three months. 6. 我们相信这个协议将会积极地促进两国之间的贸易。 We believe that this agreement will positively promote the trade between our two countries. 7. 新机场必将推动这个地区的旅行业。 The new airport will certainly push ahead the tourism in this region. 8. 网络经济将对人们的生活产生重要的影响。 Net economy will have significant influence on the people’s life. 9. 在昨天的会议上，他提出了一个新的经济发展计划。 At the yesterday’s meeting, he brought forward a new plan for the economic development.

研究生学术综合英语课文翻译unit1-4

第一单元? 如何发表演说 斯蒂芬·卢卡斯? ???? 在人类创造的万物中，语言可能是最卓越的一项创造。通过语言，我们可以分享经验、阐明价值观念、交流思想、传播知识、传承文化。确实，语言对于思想本身至关重要。和流行的信仰不同的是：语言并不是简单地反映事实，而是通过对事件意义的思考来帮助人们感悟现实。? ???? 优秀的演说者尊重语言并懂得如何驾驭语言。语言是演说者展示才能的工具，对于他们来说，如同其他职业的工具一样,语言也有特殊的功用。作为一名演说者，你应该意识到话语的意义，并懂得如何准确无误地使用语言，使其表达清楚，趣味横生，恰如其分。? 如同数字对于会计的重要性一样，准确地使用语言对于演说者至关重要。在没有确切知道一个词语的意思之前，千万不要盲目使用。碰到没有把握的词语，一定要查词典追根究底。当你准备演讲之前，一定要不断地问自己：“我究竟想说些什么？我究竟想表达什么样的意思？”因此，对于一篇演讲稿的用词来说，必须准确无误。? 如果语言表达清楚无误，听众就能很快抓住你的意思。鉴于此，演说者应该使用那些对于大多数人来说非常熟悉的词语，这些词语不需要任何专业背景就能够理解；演说者应该使用那些表达具体而不是相对抽象的词语；并且千万不要乱堆砌辞藻，哗众取宠。? 准确生动地使用语言能够使你的演说贴近生活。有一种方法可以使你的语言更加生动形象，那就是通过展开联想或创造语言图示。通过使用表达具体的词语、明喻或者暗喻等手法可以展开想像。明喻是对事物不同之处的比较，不过有些是相同的：它们总是包含“像……一样”或者“如同……一样”这样的连词。暗喻是一种隐性的比喻，它能够把两个形式不同但是有一些相通之处的事物联系在一起，暗喻不包含“像……一样”或者“如同……一样”这样的连词。? 另一种让你的演说生动形象的方法是注重语言的节奏感。有四种修辞格可以让你的语言富有节奏感：排比、重复、头韵和对比。排比是将一组或一系列具有相似结构的词语、短语或者句子排列在一起；重复是在一系列短句或者长句的开头或者结尾使用相同的一句话或者一组词语；头韵是指邻近或者相邻的几个句子中的首个词语的辅音字母相同；对比是将一些意思相反的词语或者句子并列在一起，通常使用排比结构。 恰当地使用语言是指语言的运用要符合特定的场合、特定的观众和特定的主题。同时，恰当地使用语言还意味着演说者要有自己的语言风格，而不是模仿他人的口吻。如果演说者的语言在各个方面都能够做到恰如其分，那么这篇演说成功的机率就会大大提高。??????? 优秀的演说并不是空穴来风、缺乏论据的决断。演说者必须找到强有力的论据来支持其观点。实际上，熟练地使用论据经常是区别一篇优秀演说词和一篇空洞演说词的关键所在。一般来说，通常有三种论据材料：事例、统计数据和证词。? ???????在演说过程中，你可以使用一些简明扼要的例子——比如过去发生的一个很具体的事件——有时候，你可以罗列好几个简明的例子，借此增强听众的印象。扩展性的例子——描述、叙述或者奇闻轶事——通常长一些，但更具体。夸张性的例子描述想像中的情形，这种例子能够将相关的想法有效地传达给听众。这三种例子都能够帮助演说者理清思绪、加强印象或者使演说更加娓娓动听。为了使表达更加富有效果，例子应该生动活泼，丰富多彩。 只要演说者对于统计数据用之得当并且加以解释，这些数据将有助于有效地传达信息，听众也能从统计数据中获益匪浅。最重要的是：演说者应该对统计数据了如指掌，并且运用得恰如其分。由于数据很容易操纵和捏造，因此，对于演说者来说，一定要确保图表没有张冠李戴，并且要确保统计方法正确，数据来源可靠。?

英语写作基础训练

写作基础训练 Ⅰ) 五大句型 根据谓语动词的不同性质，语言学家总结出英语的五大基本句型。无论多么错综复杂的句子，都是在五大句型的基础上扩展而成的。总体上，句子必须包含至少一个主谓结构。有了这种认识，就可以避免写出残缺句。 使用动词时应考虑以下几个方面： ●及物还是不及物？ ●短暂性还是持续性？ ●描述动作还是状态？ ●一次性动作还是习惯性动作？ ●助动词还是习动词。 1.主+谓(+状) SV(A) The sun rises in the east. Everything is going on well. We set off in the early morning. 2.主+系+表SVC He is an expert in computers. They remain silent. Leaves turn yellow in autumn. 3.主+谓+宾SVO I like sports. Mary has finished her work. My father will meet one of my uncles at the airport. 4.主+谓+双宾SV oO Pass me the salt, please. (= pass the salt to me, please.) Would you buy him a gift? (= would you buy a gift for him?) The teacher asked me a question. (= the teacher asked a question of me.) 5.主+谓+宾+宾补SVOC The young couple watched their baby play on the grassland. Carl Marx made London the base for his revolutionary work. I found it hard to keep up with them. Exercise1. SV A 1.他期盼的那封信最终来了。 2.生活费用上涨了百分之二十。 3.那座寺庙坐落在山顶上。 4.谢谢你，我自己应付得了。 5.作为艺术家，他的成功开始了。 6.时不我待。 7.鸟可以随时飞翔。 8.听了他的话，在场的人都笑了。 9.他们停下来休息， 10.车子突然抛锚了。 Exercise2. SVC 11.天气变得越来越暖和了。 12.他的梦想会成真吗？ 13.船到桥头自然直。 14.这个主意听起来很有道理。 15.做一名知名作家让人感觉不错。 16.我感到有些紧张。 17.女士们希望永葆青春。 18.孩子们很容易地入睡了。 19.腐败的食物对健康不利。 20.你妹妹看上去病了。 Exercise3. SVO 21.你打算到哪儿去度假？ 22.我对这件事全然不知。 23.失败后他从不泄气。 24.你最后一次见到它是什么时候？ 25.你应当为他人树立榜样。 26.晚会上我们玩得很开心。 27.教室需要打扫。 28.结果令我失望。 29.有钱人应帮助穷人。 30.妇女可以把任何事做得与男人一样好。Exercise4. SV oO 31.他送给我一本书作为生日礼物。 32.我可以把我的朋友介绍给你的父母吗？ 33.老师耐心地向我们解释了原因。 34.你给我买了什么东西没有？ 35.她为全家人做一日三餐。 36.小时候爸爸经常给我讲故事。 37.借给我五元钱，好吗？ 38.我侄子每两个月给我写封信 39.经理已经为客人订了房间。 40.我可以请你帮忙吗？ Exercise5. SVOC 41.同学们选他当班长。

最新基础综合英语课后习题翻译Unit1-6-邱东林版

李明是学化学的，性格开朗幽默，颇有魅力，但英语成绩不佳，每次只能勉强及格。老师警告他，英语不好会阻碍他拿奖学金，并亮出了自己的王牌：如果李明不努力，就让他考试不过关。老师还告诉他，学习英语不能只为了文凭，否则他即使大学毕业，也还是个半文盲。李明虽然保持镇定，但他明白，他的学业生涯正在攸关之际，必须安心下来埋头学习，坚持不懈。 Li Ming was a chemistry major, a charmer noted for his easygoing and humorous temperament. However, his English was so poor that he always barely got by. The teacher admonished him that his poor English would be an impediment to scholarship. What’s more, she showed her trump card: if Li Ming did not work hard. She would flunk him. He was also told that he should not learn English merely for the sake of his diploma, otherwise, even after graduation from university, he would still be semiliterate. Although Li Ming did not lose his composure, he was well aware that he had to settle down to work and follow through because his academic life was at stake. Unit 2 我的朋友琳达接受过良好的教育，既美丽又端庄，三十好几依然没有人向她求婚。究其原因，她的事业心极强，整日扑在工作上，每天来往于住处和公司之间，根本没有时间和异性交往。一想到女儿这么大了还单身一人，她父母就焦虑不安。他们不知道该如何是好，甚至还去咨询一些社会学专家。但是事情在上个月出现了转机，公司的总部调琳达到培训部。在新的工作岗位上，琳达遇到了第一个触动她心弦的男人。从此，他们几乎每天约会，琳达意识到她会不顾一切地爱这个男人。决定嫁人的时候，她告诉了我这个好消息。虽然琳达的爱情让人想起电影中才会有的浪漫故事，我也担忧未来究竟会怎样，但我还是表达了我由衷的祝福，并爽快答应在婚礼那天做他们的伴娘和伴郎随从中的一员。 Linda, my good friend, has received good education and is both beautiful and elegant. She was not proposed to even when she was well over thirty. The reason is that she, as a career –oriented woman, is devoted to her work. Navigating between home and the company, she had hardly any time to socialize with people of the opposite sex. Her parents were gripped by anxiety at the thought of their daughter still remaining single at such an age. They did not know what to do and even consulted with some sociologists. But the situation began to change last month, when the headquarters of the company transferred Linda to the training department. On the new post, Linda met a man who tugged on her heartstrings for the first time. Ever since then, they dated virtually on a daily basis, and Linda realized that she would love the man beyond all reason. When she decided to take the matrimonial plunge, she informed me. Though Linda’s love is reminiscent of the romance that we see only in movies and I don’t know what the future will hold for her, I give her my heart-felt wishes and agree readily to be a member of the entourage of bridesmaids and groomsmen.

(完整word版)学术综合英语课后答案解析

Unit 1 C 1.The younger generation should continue to sustain and develop our fine traditions and long-standing culture. 2.In the course of preparing one’s speech, one should be clearly aware of how one could make effective use of statistics and examples to bolster one’s point of view. 3.An impromptu speech is one of the speaking skills that college students should learn and develop through practice. 4.By using simile and metaphor, you can make your language more vivid and more attractive to your audience. 5.The proper examples you cite might help reinforce the impression on your listeners and make your viewpoints more convincing. 6.When you are speaking, you should choose common and easy words and at the same time avoid clutter in your speech.

英语基本句型写作练习(附答案)

英语基本句型写作练习一 分析下列句子成分并写出句型。 1. You should study hard. 2. She went home very late yesterday evening. 3. That morning we talked a great deal. 4. I wrote a letter last night. 5. I want to talk with you this afternoon. 6. He has read this book many times. 7. My brothers are all college students. 8. Mrs Brown looks very healthy. 9. Mr Johnson taught us German last year. 10. In winter, the days are short and the nights are long. 11. Grandma told me an interesting story last night. 12. Mary handed the wallet to the schoolmaster. 13. Would you please pass me the dictionary? 14. We call her Alice. 15. His parents named him John. 16. All of us considered him honest. 17．They pushed the door open.

18. There isn’t going to be a meeting tonight. 19. There was only a well in the village. 20. There is (are) a teacher of music and a teacher of art in the school.指出下列句子加粗部分是什么句子成分： 1. The students got on the school bus. 2. He handed me the newspaper. 3. I shall answer your question after class. 4. What a beautiful Chinese painting! 5. They went hunting together early in the morning. 6. His job is to train swimmers. 7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. 8. There is going to be an American film tonight. 9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow. 10. His wish is to become a scientist. 11. The meeting will last two hours. 12. They have carried out the plan successfully. 13. At the age of fifteen he became a famous pianist. 14. He showed the ticket to the conductor. 15．They have set the thief free.

基础综合英语_1-5单元课后翻译

作文翻译 Unit 1 李明是学化学的，性格开朗幽默，颇有魅力，但英语成绩不佳，每次只能勉强及格。老师警告他，英语不好会阻碍他拿奖学金，并亮出了自己的王牌：如果李明不努力，就让他考试不过关。老师还告诉他，学习英语不能只为了文凭，否则他即使大学毕业，也还是个半文盲。李明虽然保持镇定，但他明白，他的学业生涯正在攸关之际，必须安心下来埋头学习，坚持不懈。 Li Ming was a chemistry major, a charmer noted for his easygoing and humorous temperament. However, his English was so poor that he always barely got by. The teacher admonished him that his poor English would be an impediment to scholarship. What’s more, she showed her trump card: if Li Ming did not work hard. She would flunk him. He was also told that he should not learn English merely for the sake of his diploma. otherwise, even after graduation from university, he would still be semiliterate. Although Li Ming did not lose his composure, he was well aware that he had to settle down to work and follow through because his academic life was at stake. Unit2 我的朋友琳达接受过良好的教育，既美丽又端庄，三十好几依然没有人向她求婚。究其原因，她的事业心极强，整日扑在工作上，每天来往于住处和公司之间，根本没有时间和异性交往。一想到女儿这么大了还单身一人，她父母就焦虑不安。他们不知道该如何是好，甚至还去咨询一些社会学专家。 但是事情在上个月出现了转机，公司的总部调琳达到培训部。在新的工作岗位上，琳达遇到了第一个触动她心弦的男人。从此，他们几乎每天约会，琳达意识到她会不顾一切地爱这个男人。决定嫁人的时候，她告诉了我这个好消息。 虽然琳达的爱情让人想起电影中才会有的浪漫故事，我也担忧未来究竟会怎样，但我还是表达了我由衷的祝福，并爽快答应在婚礼那天做他们的伴娘和伴郎随从中的一员。 Linda, my good friend, has received good education and is both beautiful and elegant. She was not proposed to even when she was well over thirty. The reason is that she, as a career –oriented woman, is devoted to her work. Navigating between home and the company, she had hardly any time to socialize with people of the opposite sex. Her parents were gripped by anxiety at the thought of their daughter still remaining single at such an age. They did not know what to do and even consulted with some sociologists. But the situation began to change last month, when the headquarters of the company transferred Linda to the training department. On the new post, Linda met a man who tugged on her heartstrings for the first time. Ever since then, they dated virtually on a daily basis, and Linda realized that she would love the man beyond all reason. When she decided to take the matrimonial plunge, she informed me. Though Linda’s love is reminiscent of the romance that we see only in movies and I don’t know what the future will hold for her, I give her my heart-felt wishes and agree readily to be a member of the entourage of bridesmaids and groomsmen. Unit 3 食品供应商缺乏诚信已经成为当今社会的一大问题。部分企业欺骗公众，故意散布假消息，颂扬食品添加剂是食品工业的伟大成就，并声称适量的添加剂对健康有益无害。部分有良知的科学家对食品添加剂的含量和毒性展开了深入的病理学研究。研究结果表明，部分常见的食品添加剂经长期，可能会对健康产生危害，这被认为是食品安全研究方面极为重要的

工程硕士研究生英语基础教程课后练习题1-4课

工程硕士研究生英语基础教程课后练习题1-4课 第一课 一、词形填空 1.They made regular visits to the park on the suburbs during the weekends. 2.She was prooted to division manager last year. 3.We tried to walk to the park but ended up taking a taxi there. 4.His handing if these important issues was highly praised. 5.Thomas bought a new hat to repluce the one he had lost. 6.The movie received generally favorable reviews. 7.Thank you for all the time and effort you have put in. 8.Make sure you’re home bu midnight . 9.He was hit by a falling tree and killed on the spot 10.The earthquake survivors are in desperate need of help. 二、词形转换 1、Open（n）—opening 2、persist（n）—persistence 3.succeed(n)----success 4.succeed(adj)---successful 5.important(n)----importance 6.promote(n)----promotion 7.depress(n)----depression 8.vlaue(adj)----valuable 9.loyal(n)----loyalty 10.favor(adj)---favorable 三、词换词 1. Obtain----aquire 2. Constant---loyal 3. Famous---noted 4. Frightened---startled 5.blame---responsibility 6. Worth doing---rewarding 7. Sincere----genuine 8.encountered---bumped into 9. Bought----purchased 10. At the end ----eventually 第二课 一、选择正确的词或词组填空 1.Frequent cultural exchange will certainly help foster friendly relations between our two universities. 2.The competition among these companies at the printing market has become very intense in this city. 3.To date, We have not received any replies from them. 4.In this competitive world , it is better for any firm to gain technology superiority . 5.The organization works to promote friendship between nations. 6.It is reported that the Far East area is now on the verge of war again. 7.There is an obvious trend that young people like less formal clothing. 8.We should look at these events which happened two hundred years ago from their historical perspective. 9.The outstanding businessman agreed that the last decade was favorable for the emergence of new and promising enterprises in IT field. 10.The witness proved that the killer was a man of medium height. 二、词性转换 1.significance(adj.)-significant 2.connect(n.)-connection 3.transform(n.)-transformation

学术综合英语unit1_5课后习题答案解析

Task 2 A contrary to implicit assertion look up adapted Sustain unbiased In the course of metaphor clutter B bolster credible impromptu sparingly anecdote Credentials testimony hypothetical paraphrase juxtaposition Task 3 Translation B.发言提纲是有效发言的基础。通过写发言提纲，你可以确保你的思想是相关联的，你的思路从一点谈到另一点，你的讲话结构是连贯的。通常，准备讲演你可以采用两种提纲方式：详细准备提纲和简单发言提纲。 在准备发言提纲中，应该写出你的特定目的及中心思想，并以连贯的方式确定主要观点和次要观点，发言提纲应该由简要的提要组成，这些提要在你讲话时能够给予你一些帮助。发言提纲还应该包括帮助你记忆的重点词或重点短语。在写发言提纲时，可采用准备提纲的模式，尽可能使你的发言提纲简要，同时，要确保提纲清晰，易于辨认。 C. 1. The younger generation should continue to sustain and develop our fine traditions and long-standing culture. 2. In the course of preparing one’s speech, one should be clearly aware of how one could make effective use of statistics and examples to bolster one’s point of view. 3. An impromptu speech is one of the speaking skills that college students should learn and develop through practice. 4. By using simile and metaphor, you can make your language more vivid and more attractive to your audience. 5. The proper examples you cite might help reinforce the impression on your listeners and make your viewpoints more convincing. 6. When you are speaking, you should choose common and easy words and at the same time avoid clutter in you speech. 7. When you write a paper, citing the views from some experts is a good way to make your ideas more credible. 8. A good method of delivering a speech will improve its quality and will help convey the speakers’ ideas clearly and interestingly. 9. You should mot blindly use a word that you are not sure about, and if you are not sure, look up the word in a dictionary. 10. Your language should adapt to the particular occasion and audience. If your language is appropriate in all respects, your speech is successful. D. Before you deliver an academic speech, you should, first of all, get well prepared for it. Then, you should make your major points clear in your speech, and your speech should be well organized. When speaking, you should not speak too fast, and your language should be exp licit. Don’t always read the notes you prepared beforehand. From time to time, you should look at your audience. On one hand, you can show your respect to your audience, and on the other hand, you will be able to go on with your speech more smoothly.

工程硕士研究生英语基础教程 课文翻译

Unit 1 我的第一份工作 汽车清洁工 [1] 我从父母那儿获得了很强的工作道德观。他们俩都经历过大萧条时期，对不是按常规工作的人感到难以理解。我曾经告诉我妈妈，西尔堆斯特·史泰龙工作10周挣1200万美元，“那他在一年其余的日子里干什么呢?”她问。 [2] 我把父母的工作道德观带入了我在故乡马萨诸塞州安多佛镇附近的威尔明顿镇福特汽车专营店干的第一份工作。那时我16岁，学期当中我干活干到五、六点，暑假期间则每天干12个小时。我干的是汽车清洁小工的活儿，也就是清洗，抛光等事，并确保纸地板垫的位置合适。还有一项职责是在夜里将汽车轮毂盖取下来以免被偷，第二天再还回原处。这是一项很费劲的工作，因为我们有占大约7英亩地的汽车。 [3] 一天，我抱着一大捧毂盖转过一个角落，几乎与我们新任总经理撞了个满怀。我吓了一跳，结果把毂盖全掉在了地上。他当场就解雇了我。 [4] 我羞愧万分，不愿让父母知道这件事。大约有两周的时间，我每天都忙到晚上，然后我会回家说工作干得很愉快。

[5] 走投无路之下，我写了一封信给亨利·福特二世，告诉他所发生的事情。我说我们家是福特车的忠实用户，并说我长大成年后打算买一辆野马车。最后，汽车专卖店的店主给我打来了电话。“我不知道你在底特律认识谁，”他说，“但如果你还想要回你原来的工作的话，这工作就归你了。” [6] 后来在大学期间，我想在一家劳斯菜斯(罗尔斯—罗伊斯)的专营店干活，但店主说他们不缺人。即便如此，我还是开始在那儿清洗汽车。当店主注意到我时，我说我会一直干到他雇我。最后他真雇了我。 [7] 成功需要毅力。态度也很重要。我从不认为我那时比其他任何人强，但我一直相信我当时干的活别人都赶不上。 出纳员 [1] 第一次与我祖母坐在她位于曼哈顿的药店的现金出纳机后时，我l0岁。不久之后，她就让我一个人坐在那儿。很快我就知道了礼貌对待顾客以及说“谢谢”的重要性。 [2] 起初我的报酬是糖果，后来我每小时得到50美分。每天放学后我都工作，暑假、周末和假期则从上午8点干到下午7点。我父亲帮我在银行立了一个账户。看着存款数增加比我当时本可以买到的任何东西都更让我满足。 [3] 祖母是一位严厉的监工，从不给我任何特殊照顾。她像鹰一样注视着我的一举一动，不过却放手让我应付象在午餐高峰时干活这样压力很大的场面。她的信任教会了我如何对待责任。