被动语态、反义疑问句

动词的被动语态/反义疑问句

一、动词的被动语态

1.八种时态的被动语态的构成：被动语态的构成为“be+及物动词的过去分词”，被动语态的人称、数、时态的变化均通过b e动词体现。以write为例，列表如下：

一般式进行式过去式

现在时am

is written

are am

is being written

are

has

been written

have

过去时was

written

were was

being written

were

had been written

将来时shall

be written

will shall

have been written will

过去将来时同上,但是shall—should; will---would

练习：用被动语态翻译下列句子

（1）那座大楼是我们学校去年建的（2）孩子们现正由其姑母照看

（3）上海的那座新建大桥完工了吗？（4）许多人造卫星（satellites）已经被发射到太空中。

2.含情态动词的被动语态的构成方式：“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”

The snow must be moved away before 2:00.学必须在两点前清扫掉。

练习：用被动语态翻译下列句子

（1）那个工作两天做不完。（2）数字电影可以通过卫星向各影院发送信号（sent out）。

3.含动词+介词或副词的被动语态，注意一定不要把介词或副词漏掉

例: They cut down many trees every year.-------Many trees are cut down (by them) every year.

Waves were beating hard on the bank.-------The bank was being beaten hard by waves.

二、反义疑问句

是指先陈述一件事，再用省略的一般疑问句附加在其后构成的疑问句。通常用yes/no回答。

对于反意疑问句，我们必须知道的基本规则：

1.反意疑问句的陈述部分如果是肯定，附加的一般疑问句就用否定形式；如果陈述部分是否定，则附加部分用肯定形式。（我们可以这样记忆这条规则：前肯后否，前否后肯）

如：This is a book, isn’t it? This is not a book, is it?

Y ou can speak some English, can’t you? Y ou can’t speak any English, can you?

2、反意疑问句的附加部分（疑问句）的主语一定要用人称代词充当（前句为there be句型除外，在那样的情形里，句尾还用there），如果后部分是否定，一定要用缩写形式。（前部分为I am…时，后部分用aren’t I?）如：I am a teacher, aren’t I? There will be a meeting, won’t there?

3、如何回答反意疑问句对于很多同学来说可能会是一个问题，因为在这点上英语和汉语的习惯不同。

汉语：“你不是一个老师，是吗？”“是的，我不是。”英语：Y ou aren’t a teacher, are you? No, I’m not.

汉语：“你不是一个老师，是吗？”“不，我是。”英语：Y ou aren’t a teacher, are you? Y es, I am.

通过对比，我们可以发现汉语的答语可以前面是否定、后面是肯定，而英语绝对不行，前后必须一致，要么全部用肯定，要么全部用否定。

其它应该知道的规则：

1．陈述部分里的代词no one(nobody)、everyone(everybody)、someone(somebody)、anyone(anybody)等，在最后部分用he或者they代替。如：Everyone should work hard, shouldn’t he/they?

2．must作必须讲，后部分用must或者need；must not作禁止讲，后部分用may。

如：We must keep quiet in the library, mustn’t/needn’t we? They must not park their cars here, may they?

3．有时候前面的陈述部分看似陈述形式，但其中含有seldom（不常）、hardly（几乎不）、nobody（没人）、nothing（没有什么）、never（从不）、none（一个也没有）、neither(两者都不)、few（几乎没有）、little（几乎没有）等表示否定意义的词，此时要把陈述部分看成否定，其后的附加疑问句要用肯定形式；某些句子里含有dis-或者un-这样表示否定意义的前缀的复合词(如dislike和unusual)，还是要把它看成肯定句。

如：He is never late for school, is he? He can hardly believe you, can he? It is very unusual, isn’t it?

There is nothing new in today’s newspaper, is there? It seldom rains here in spring, doe s it?

4．“(Don’t)+动词原形+其他”这样的祈使句无论否定还是肯定，反意疑问句的疑问部分都用“will you”。Open the door. —Open the door, will you? Don’t talk in class. —Don’t talk in class, will you?

5．Let’s do 和Let us do

Let’s…（包含对方，所以后部分用shall we?）Let me/us…（不包含对方,所以后部分用will you?）

如：Let’s play football, shall we? 这句话是说话者邀请听话人和他一起去踢足球，所以后部分用人称代词we。Let me/us play football, will you? 这句话是说话者请求听话人允许他去踢足球，所以后部分用人称代词you。6．把感叹句看成一般意义的陈述句，然后照一般的规则处理。

如：What a good boy he is, isn’t he? How hard he works, doesn’t he?

7．英语里没有am not的缩写形式，一般用aren’t。如：I am your friend, aren’t I?

8．前部分有“过去常常干某事used to do sth.”这样的结构，后半部分用didn’t或者usedn’t。

如：Y ou used to get up early in the morning, didn’t/usedn’t you?

9．前部分含有“I think…”，如“I think he is right. ”，应该把它理解成“He is right”，然后做相应的疑问部分。因为think后的宾语从句不能含有not，所以“I don’t think he is right.”应该看成“He isn’t right”，然后做相应的疑问部分。如：I think he is right, isn’t he? I don’t think he is right, is he?

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反意疑问句练习 1.Tom was happy, _________________? 2.Tom was unhappy, _________________? 3.Tom wasn’t happy, _________________? 4.Tome likes watching TV, _________________? 5.Tom dislikes watching TV, _________________? 6.Tome doesn’t like watching TV, _________________? 7.There are some birds singing in the tree, _________________? 8.It seldom rains in Shenzhen, _________________? 9.Cathy has little money, _________________? 10.Christine hardly gets up early, _________________? 11.Open the door, _________________? 12.Don’t close the door, _________________? 13.Let’s go to the supermarket, _________________? 14.Let us go to the supermarket, _________________? 15.They had lunch together, _________________? 16.Jim is ill. Let’s go and see him after school, _________________? 17.His father hardly knows English, _________________? 18.He thinks his aunt is right, _________________? 19.Linda has just come back from America, _________________? 20.You will watch TV this evening, _________________? 21.You like apples, _________________? 22.Let’s go to Hong Kong, _________________? 23.Something wrong has happed, _________________? 24.They study a lot, _________________? 25.Her daughter cleaned the carpets and curtains, _________________? 26.The teacher had a talk with you, _________________? 27.That’s the sort of the book you want, _________________? 28.All these dictionaries are a great help to you, _________________? 29.The movie was quite interesting, _________________? 30.You will take a trip to America, _________________? 31.There are some girls in the classroom, _________________? 32.You had some trouble finding where I live, _________________? 33.He has his hair cut every month, _________________? 34.Your friend comes earlier, _________________? 35.The little boy can not go to church, _________________? 36.Susan would work abroad if she had the chance, _________________? 37.Tell me how to operate the electronic computer, _________________? 38.Mary comes to visit you on Christmas Day, _________________? 39.Let’s listen to the radio program that the teacher mentioned, _______________? 40.You’re funny, _________________? 41.Janet took part in labor in that village, _________________? 42.What beautiful weather, _________________? 43.He will go to Kwangchow by plane, _________________? 44.We never ask him a question, _________________? 45.Let us do the exercises by ourselves, _________________?

英语中的反义疑问句

回答反意疑问句通常应根据实际情况来确定，如有人问你You are asleep, aren’t you? 你应回答No, I’m not. 因为既然你能回答，肯定你还没有asleep。但如果别人问你You aren’ t asleep, are you?(你还没有睡着，对吗)，你也只能回答No, I’m not.(是的，还没有睡着)，而不能回答为 Yes, I’m not. 也不能回答成Yes, I am. “It is a beautiful flowerisn't it？” “It isn't a beautiful flower，is it？” 上述两句句子的回答肯定均为“Yes，it is."否定为“No， it isn't." 由上述例子可知，反义疑问句回答与句子本身所包含的中文肯定与否的含义并无太大关联，只需注意事实，肯定即用yes，否定用no，无需考虑句子原本是前否后肯或是前肯后否。 重点归纳 快速记忆表 陈述部分的谓语疑问部分 I aren't I Wish may +主语 no,nothing,nobody,never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词肯定含义 ought to（肯定的）shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语

have to+v.(had to+v.)don't +主语(didn't +主语) used to didn't +主语或usedn't +主语 had better + v. hadn't you would rather + v. wouldn't +主语 you'd like to + v. wouldn't +主语 must 根据实际情况而定 感叹句中be +主语,Neither…nor, either…or 连接的根据其实际逻辑意义而定 并列主语指示代词或不定代everything,that, nothing,this 主语用it 并列复合句谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定 定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句根据主句的谓语而定 think,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等引导与宾语从句相对应的从句 everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,no one 复数they, 单数 he 情态动词dare或need need (dare ) +主语 dare, need为实义动词do+主语 省去主语的祈使句will you？ Let's开头的祈使句Shall we? Let us 开头的祈使句Will you? there be相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词）

反义疑问句专项练习

反意疑问句专项练习 一、完成下列反意疑问句 1.Tom didn’t watch TV last night, ___________ _______________? 2.There’re twenty girl students in your class, ____________ ________? 3.Everything is ready for the party, ___________ ______________? 4.They usually play football after school, _________ ______________? 5.Mary made few mistakes in the exam, _________ _____________? 6.Lucy had a party last Sunday, ___________ ____________? 7.Jack hardly goes to the cinema, _________ __________? 8.Let’s sing a song together, ___________ ___________? 9.She’s never been to Tokyo, ___________ _____________? 10.Y ou bought a new computer last week, ________ ________? 11.J ohn, clean your room, _________ _____________? 12.D on’t forget to put the book back on the self,______ ____________? 13.E-mail is very popular today. People seldom write letters now, ______ _______? 14.O ur hometown is more beautiful than before, __________ __________? 15.S he thinks she can get there on time, ________＿＿＿＿？ 16.She was unhappy when she heard the news,_______ _______? 17.M ary has to go home now, ________ ___________? 18.T hat’s your twin brother, ___________ ___________? 19.T here’s nothing wrong, __________ ____________? 20.J im had a talk with his father, ________ ____________? 21.L et’s go shopping, ________ ___________? 22.T hey won’t be ready till next year, ___________ ____________? 23.G ive me a hand, __________ ____________? 24.N othing can stop us now, ________ ____________? 25.K ate’s never late for school, ________ ____________? 26.I am having an English lesson, _________ ___________?. 27.L et’s have a cup of tea, __________ __________? 28.L et her play the piano, _________ _____________? 29.L et us sing a song for you, ________ __________? 30.V ery few people understand what he said,________ __________?

英语中反义疑问句以及回答的用法

1.当陈述部分的主语是I，而句子又用来征询对方的意见时，附加疑问句中的主语用you。如： I find English very interesting, don’t you? I don’t like that film, do you? 2.当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody等合成代词时，附加疑问句中的主语通常用they。但亦可用he，尤其是nobody, no one等作主语，具有否定概念时。如： Somebody phoned while I was out, didn’t they? Everyone enjoyed the party, didn’t they? Nobody wants to go there, does he? 3.当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything, nothing, anything, something时，附加疑问句中的主语一般用it，不用they。如： Everything seems all right now, doesn’t it? Nothing is kept in good order, is it? Something must be done to stop pollution, isn’t it? 4.当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that或these, those时，附加疑问句中的主语分别用it和they。如： This is important, isn’t it? That isn’t correc t, is it? These are your friends Tom and Jack, aren’t they? 5.如果陈述部分是以代词one作主语，附加疑问句中的主语在正式场合用one，非正式场合用you,在美国英语中，在非正式场合还可以用he。如： One can’t be too careful, can one?或can you? One should do his duty, shouldn’t he? 6.如果陈述部分用I’m…结构，附加疑问部分一般用aren’t I。如： I am s trong and healthy aren’t I。 7.当陈述句为there be结构时，附加疑问句中的主语也用there。如： There’s no help for it, is there? There’s something wrong, isn’t there? 8.陈述部分带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little,nowhere, nothing等否定词或半否定词时，附加疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如： Bob rarely got drunk, did he? Few people know him, do they? She seldom goes to the cinema, does she? 如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀，那么，该陈述部分作肯定处理，附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。如： He was unsuccessful, wasn’t he?

英语语法总结反义疑问句

英语语法总结反义疑问句 在陈述句之后加上一个意思与之相反的简短问句，这种句子叫做反意疑问句。反意疑问句必须由意思相反的两部分组成，在前一部分(陈述句)之后用逗号，后一部分(简短问句)之后用问号。反意疑问句的否定句必须用缩略形成，同时它的主语必须用人称代词，不能用名词。前一部分用降调，后一部分在表示疑问时用升调，在表示强调某意思时用降调。 反意疑问句分为两类： 1.前一部分为肯定式，后一部分是否定式。 2.前一部分为否定式，后一部分是肯定式。 陈述句(肯定式)，+疑问部分(否定式)? 1.be动词和一般动词(实义动词)构成的反意疑问句 be动词句型： 现在→…，isn't(aren't)+主语? 过去→…，wasn't(weren't)+主语? 一般动词句型： 现在→…，don't(doesn't)+主语? 过去→…，didn't +主语? The pen is yours，isn't it?这笔是你的，不是吗? Lucy likes English，doesn't she? 路希喜欢英语，不是吗? Yes，she does.是的，她喜欢。

No，she doesn't.不，她不喜欢。 That was a wonderful night，wasn't it? 那是个奇妙的夜晚，不是吗? Yes，it was.是的，它是。 No，it wasn't.不，它不是。 Your sister helped him，didn't she? 你姐姐协助了他，不是吗? Yes，she did.是的。她协助他。 No，she didn't.不。她没有协助他。 注意 反意疑问句中，前后两部分的动词在人称、数和时态上通常保持一致。另外后一部分的人称代词应和前一部分的主语(名词或代词)保持一致。 Tom is skating，isn't he?(实行时) 汤姆在滑冰，不是吗? Yes，he is.是的。 No，he isn't.不。 She is loved by her parents，isn't she? (被动语态) 她被她父母亲疼爱着，不是吗? Yes，she is.是的。 No，she isn't.不。

反义疑问句专项练习

反义疑问句讲解与专项训练 作者：蛋生雞来源：用户投稿适用年级：九年级适用单元：全部 反义疑问句是在陈述句（肯定形式或否定形式）后加一个简短问句，对陈述句所叙述的内容提出相反的疑问。通常反义疑问句是提出情况或看法，问对方同不同意。 1、构成：陈述句+反义疑问。陈述句和疑问句的主语以及谓语动词在人称、数、时态上通常要保持一致。 反义疑问句的主要形式有两种： （1）肯定陈述句+否定反义疑问句。例如： The songs in the movie "The Sound of Music" are really beautiful, aren't they? 电影《音乐之声》中的歌曲很美，不是吗？ （2）否定陈述句+肯定反义疑问句。例如： You haven't finished your homework yet, have you? 你没有做完家庭作业，是吗？ 2、反义疑问句的回答：答语要和实际情况相符合，遵循“实事求是”的原则。肯定的答案用yes+肯定结构，否定的答案用no+否定结构。例如； A: You aren't a teacher, are you? 你不是老师，是吗？ B: Yes, i am./ No, i'm not. 不，我是。/ 是的，我不是。 3、几种特殊情况； （1）当陈述部分带有never, nothing, nobody, none, seldom, hardly. few, little等表示否定的词时，反义疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。例如： （2）当陈述部分是祈使句时，反义疑问部分一般用will you。例如： Ellen, please pass me the salt, w ill you? 艾伦，请把盐递给我好吗？ （3）当陈述部分是以Let's开头的祈使句时，反义疑问部分用shall we；若是以Let us开头的祈使句，反义疑问部分则用will you。例如： Let's have fun on the playground, shall we? 我们在操场玩好吗？（包括说话人）

初中英语反义疑问句及问答

反义疑问句（The Disjunctive Question） 组成部分：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。 主要形式：陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式； 陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式。 反义疑问句有时带有感情色彩，表示惊奇，愤怒，讽刺，不服气，疑惑，嫉妒等。eg: Let’s go to the supermarket, shall we? They work hard, don’t they? 不定代词 当陈述部分的主语是 （1）one时，后面的疑问句可用one/he. （2）no one时，后面附加疑问句中主语用they。 （3）everything, anything, nothing, something等表示物的不定代词时，附加疑问句中主语用it Something is wrong with your watch, isn’t it? （4）this, that,或those, these时，附加疑问句中主语用it或they. （5）everyone，everybody，someone，somebody，anyone，nobody等时，附加疑问句中主语一般用they（口头语，非正式文体）/he（正式文体）。 Everyone in your family is a teacher, a ren’t they \isn't he？ （6）不定式时，动名词，其他短语，附加疑问句中主语一般用it。 （7）there be句型时，附加疑问句中一般用be/情态动词/助动词+there。 否定意义的词 (1)当陈述部分有never，seldom, hardly，few，little，barely, scarcely, nothing，none, rarely ，no, not, no one, nobody, neither等否定意义的词汇时，后面的反意 疑问句则为肯定形式： There're f ew apples in the basket, are there? He can hardly swim, can he? They seldom come late, do they? (2)当陈述部分含有否定意思的词是unhappy, dislike, unfriendly,等含有否定词缀的派生词，也就是有un, dis-前缀、-less后缀等含词缀而意思否定的词，当肯定句处理，疑问部分用否定形式。如： He looks unhappy, d oesn’t he? 他看上去不高兴，不是吗？ The girl dislikes history, doesn’t she? 这女孩不喜欢历史，不是吗？ (3)当陈述部分有less, fewer等词视为肯定词，疑问部分用否定形式。 There will be less pollution, won't there?