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初中英语语法：情态动词讲解与练习(有答案)

情态动词

一.情态动词的定义

情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。

They can be there on time tomorrow. 他们明天能按时去那儿。

May I have your name? 我能知道你的名字吗？

Shall we begin now? 我们现在就开始吗？

You must obey the school rules. 你必须遵守校规。

情态动词数量不多，主要有： can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) .

二.情态动词的位置

情态动词在句中放在谓语动词之前，谓语动词前若有助动词，则在助动词之前，疑问句中，情态动词放在主语之前。

I can see you. Come here. 我能看见你，过来吧。

He must have been away. 他一定走了。

What can I do for you? 你要什么？

How dare you treat us like that! 你怎么敢那样对待我们!

三.情态动词的特点

情态动词无人称和数的变化，情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形，否定式构成是在情态动词后面加“not”。个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式，过去式可以用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气，时态性不强，可用于过去，现在或将来。我们称之为“功能用法”。

He could be here soon. 他很快就来。

We can't carry the heavy box. 我们搬不动那箱子。

I'm sorry I can't help you. 对不起，我帮不上你。

四. 情态动词的语法特征：

1）情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。

2）情态动词除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。

3）情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。

4）情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词等形式。

五.情态动词的用法

1. can (could) 表示说话人能, 可以, 同意, 准许, 以及客观条件许可, could 为 can 的过去式。

Can you pass me the books? 你能给我递一下书吗 ?

Could you help me, please? 请问, 你能帮助我吗?

What can you do? 你能干点什么呢?

Can you be sure? 你有把握吗?

can 和could 只能用于现在式和过去式两种时态，将来时态用be able to 来表示。

He could help us at all. 他完全可以帮助我们。

With the teacher’s help, I will be able to speak English correctly. 有老师的帮助, 我将能准确地讲英语。

2. may (might) “可以”，表示说话人同意，许可或请求对方许可。

May I come in? 我可以进来吗?

May I use your dictionary? 我可以用你的词典吗?

You may put on more clothes. 你可以多穿点衣服。

He said he might lend us some money. 他说他可以借给我们一些钱。

may 否定式为 may not, 缩写形式是mayn’t。might 是may 的过去式，有两种用法，一种表示过去式，一种表示虚拟语气，使语气更加委婉、客气或对可能性的怀疑。

He told me he might be here on time. 他说他能按时间来。

Might I borrow some money now? 我可以借点钱吗?

He might be alive. 他可能还活着。

3. must “必须；应该；一定；准是”，表示说话人认为有必要做某事，命令、要求别人做某事以及对事物的推测。must 用来指一般现在时和一般将来时，过去式可用 have to 的过去式代替。

I must finish my work today. 我今天必须完成我的工作。

You mustn't work all the time. 你不能老是工作。

Must I return the book tomorrow? 我必须明天还书吗?

After such a long walk, you must be tired. 走了这么长的路, 你一定累了。

He must be the man I am looking for. 他一定是我要找的人。

He had to go because of somebody’s calling him that day. 那天他要走，因为有人叫他。

值得注意的是：

（1）must + have + 过去分词，表示现在对过去事物的推测。

He must have told my parents about it.

他一定把这件事情告诉我父母亲了。

It's six o'clock already, we must have been late again.

已经六点钟了，我们一定又迟到了。

（2）must 和 have to 的区别: must 表示说话人的主观思想, have to “不得不,必须”，表示客观需要、客观条件只能如此。

You must do it now. 你必需现在就干。(说话人认为必须现在干)

I have to go now. 我得走了。(客观条件必须现在走)

You must be here on time next time. 你下次一定要按时来。

I have to cook for my child. 我得给孩子做饭。

4. need “需要”，多用在否定式或疑问句中.

Need I attend the meeting tomorrow? 我需要明天参加会议吗?

You need not hand in the paper this week. 这一周你不必交论文。

need 是一个情态动词，他的用法完全和其他情态动词一样，但 need 还可当作实义动词使用，这时 need 就象其他动词一样，有第三人称，单复数，后面加带 to 的动词等特性。

I need a bike to go to school. 我上学需要一辆自行车。

Do you need a dictionary? 你需要词典吗?

She needs a necklace. 她需要一条项链。

注意：“needn‘t + h ave + 过去分词” 表示过去做了没必要做的事情。

You needn't have taken it seriously. 这件事情你不必太认真。

5. dare “敢”，多用在否定或疑问句中。

The little girl dare not speak in public. 小女孩不敢在公众面前说话。

Dare you catch the little snake? 你敢抓小蛇吗?

dare 除用作情态动词外，更多的是当实义动词使用，用法同实义动词一样，要考虑人称，单复数，时态等。

Do you dare to walk in the dark? 你敢黑夜走路吗？

He doesn't dare to tell the teacher what happened that day. 他不敢告诉老师那天发生的事。

6. ought “应当；应该”，后面跟带有 to 的动词不定式。

You ought to read these books if you want to know how to repair the mo torcar. 如果你想知道如何修理汽车,你应该读这些书。

You ought to bring the child here. 你应该把孩子带来。

ought + to have done 句型。指过去动作,表示一件事情该做而未做。

You ought to have been here yesterday. 你昨天就应该来。

ought not to have done 句型。表示一件不该做的事情却做了。

You ought not to have taken the book out of the reading-room.

你不应该把书带出阅览室。

7. will (would) 表决心、愿望。 would 为 will 的过去式, 可用于各人称。

1）will表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性，would表示过去的习惯行为。

e.g. a. He will sit there hour after hour looking at the traffic go b y.

b.He would come to see me when he was in Beijing.

2）表示意志，决心或愿望。

e.g. a. Surely we will support all the people in the world in their st ruggle for peace.

b. He would not let me try it .

3）表示对对方的请求，用于第二人称作主语的疑问句中，would的语气比will 委碗,疑问句中一般用some, 而不是any。

e.g. a. would/will you kindly tell me the way to the station?

b. Would you like some cake?

4）would like = want to 想要Would like to do = want to do想要

e. g. a Would you like to go with me?

8. shall, should 表示命令, 警告, 允诺, 征求, 劝告, 建议, 惊奇等。

shall的用法

用于第一,第三人称征求对方的意愿

e.g. a. What shall I wear on the journey?

b. When shall he be able to leave the hospital?

should 的用法

1)用于第一人称疑问句中询问对方的意愿，但语气较委婉温和

e.g. a. What should we do now? 我们现在该怎么办？

2)表示应该、必须，常与must 换用。

e.g. a. We should (must) master a foreign language at least.

3).should 表示劝告，建议，命令，此时也可用ought to. 在疑问句中，通常用should代替 ought to.

4) should have done 表示过去应该做而实际没有做should not have done 表示过去不该做而实际做了．

9. have to＆must

1) 两词都是'必须'的意思，have to 表示客观的需要， must 表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。

e.g. a. My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the mi ddle of the night. (客观上需要做这件事)

b. He said that they must work hard. （主观上要做）

2) have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。但must 可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。

e.g. a. He had to look after his sister yesterday.

3）在否定结构中：don’t have to表示“不必” mustn’t表示“禁止”

e.g. a. You don‘t have to tell him about it.

b. You mustn‘t tell him about it.

10.need&dare

这两词既可做实义动词用，又可做情态动词用。作为情态动词，两者都只能用于疑问句，否定句和条件句。 need 作实义动词时后面的不定式必须带to，而dare作

实义动词用时, 后面的to 时常可以被省略。

1)实义动词:need+ n. / to do sth

2)情态动词： need，只用原形need后加do，否定形式为need not。

e.g. a. ----Need you go yet?

----Yes, I must.\No, I needn't.

3) need 的被动含义：need, want, require, worth（形容词）后面接doing也可以表示被动：

need doing = need to be done

11.should 和ought to 都为“应该”的意思，可用于各种人称。

---Ought he to go?

---Yes. I think he ought to.

表示要求，命令时，语气由 should（应该）、had better最好）、must（必须）渐强。

12.had better表示"最好"

had better 相当于一个助动词，它只有一种形式，它后面要跟动词原形。had better do sth .had better not do It is pretty cold. You'd better put on my coat.

She'd better not play with the dog.

had better have done sth表示与事实相反的结果，意为"本来最好"。

You had better have come earlier.

六.情态动词的回答方式

问句肯定回答否定回答

Need you…?Yes, I must.No,I needn‘t

Must you…?Yes, I must. No, I needn’t.

/don’t have to.

May I …? Yes, of course. No, you mustn’t.

Could you…? Yes, you can. No, you can’t.回答时千万不能用

Yes,you could. No,you couldn’t.

七.情态动词表猜测

must 用于肯定句

can 用于否定句或疑问句

May 用于肯定句或否定句

should 用于肯定句

八.表示推测的用法

can, could, may, might, must 皆可表示推测，其用法如下：

1）情态动词+动词原形。

表示对现在或将来的情况的推测，此时动词通常为系动词。I don't know where she is, she may be in Wuhan.

2）情态动词+动词现在进行时。

表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测。

At this moment, our teacher must be correcting our exam papers.

这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷

3）情态动词+动词完成时。

表示对过去情况的推测。

We would have finished this work by the end of next December.明年十二月底前我们很可能已完成这项工作了。The road is wet. It must have rained las t night.地是湿的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。

4）情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时。

表示对过去正在发生事情的推测。

Your mother must have been looking for you.你妈妈一定一直在找你。

5）推测的否定形式，疑问形式用can't, couldn't表示。Mike can't have found his car, for he came to work by bus this morning. 迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。

注意：could, might表示推测时不表示时态，其推测的程度不如can, may。

九.情态动词+ have +过去分词

1) may(might) have + done sth, can (could) have + done sth表示过去，推测过去时间里可能发生的事情。

Philip may (might) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.Philip can (could) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.

2) must have +done sth，对过去时间里可能发生的事情的推测，语气较强，具有"肯定"，"谅必"的意思。-

--Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here.

---She must have gone by bus.

3) ought to have done sth, should have done sth.本应该做某事，而事实上

并没有做。否定句表示"不该做某事而做了"。You ought to (should) have been mo re careful in this experiment. He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.（事实上已扔了。）

ought to 在语气上比should 要强。

4) needn't have done sth 本没必要做某事

I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I needn't have done so. The w eather was hot.

5) would like to have done sth 本打算做某事

I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then.

十.带to 的情态动词

带to 的情态动词有四个：ought to, have to, used to, be to, 如加上have got to ,(=must), be able to为六个,它们的疑问，否定形式应予以注意：

Do they have to pay their bill before the end of the month?

Sh e didn‘t use to play tennis before she was fourteen.

You ought not to have told her all about it.

Ought he to see a heart specialist at once.?

例：Tom ought not to ___ me your secret, but he meant no harm.

A.have told

B.tell

C.be telling

D. having told

一．【语法过关】基础巩固(附答案)

1．—______ I fill in the check-in form right now, sir?

—No, you needn’t. You can complete it this afternoon.

二．提高深化（有答案）

1( ) 1 John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.

A. may

B. can

C. has to

D. must

( ) 2 They ___ do well in the exam.

A. can be able to

B. be able to

C. can able to

D. are able to

( ) 3 -May I take this book out?

-No, you___.

A. can't

B. may not

C. needn't

D. aren't

( ) 4 You___ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever.

A. can

B. must

C. dare

D. would

( ) 5 -Can you speak Japanese?

-No, I____.

A. mustn't

B. can't

C. needn't

D. may not

2( ) 1 -He___ be in the classroom, I think.

-No, he ___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.

A. can; may not

B. must; may not

C. may; can't

D. may; mustn't

( ) 2 -Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad?

-Thanks, but you___, I've had enough.

A. may not

B. must not

C. can't

D. needn't

( ) 3 Even the top students in our class can't work out this problem, so it be very difficult.

A. may

B. must

C. can

D. need

( ) 4 He isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill.

o A. can B. shall C. must D. has to

( ) 5 ___ I take this one?

A. May

B. Will

C. Are

D. Do

3( ) 1 The children___ play football on the road.

A. can't

B. can

C. mustn't

D. must

( ) 2 You ___ be late for school again next time.

A. mustn't

B. needn't

C. don't have to

D. don't need to

( ) 3 -Must I do my homework at once?

-No, you___.

A. needn't

B. mustn't

C. can't

D. may not

4( ) 1 His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor.

A. has not to

B. don't have to

C. haven't to

D. doesn't have to

( ) 2 He had to give up the plan, ___ he?

A. did

B. didn't

C. does

D. doesn't

( ) 3 They had to walk here, ___ they?

A. mustn't

B. did

C. didn't

D. hadn't

5( ) 1 He had better stay here, ___ he?

A. didn't

B. don't

C. hadn't

D. isn't

( ) 2 You'd better___late next time.

A. not to be

B. not be

C. won't be

D. don't be

( ) 3 You'd better ___ your hair ___ once a month.

A. had; cut

B. had; cutted

C. have; cut

D. have; cutted

( ) 4 You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way. A. had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not 6( ) 1 -Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday? A. Here you are B. Sorry, I can't C. Yes, please D. Let me try ( ) 2 -Why don't you ask Mike to go with us?

-Thanks, ___.

A. I will

B. I won't

C. lean

D. I may

( ) 3 -___ I take the newspaper away?

-No, you mustn't. You____read it only here.

A. Must; can

B. May; can

C. Need; must

D. Must; must

参考答案：

1. 1-5 A D A B B

2. 1-5 C D B C A

3. 1-3 C A A

4. 1-3 D B C

5. 1-4 C B C C

6. 1-3 B A B

高考情态动词专项练习及答案详解

高考情态动词专项练习及答案详解一、单项选择情态动词 1．We ________ take clean drinking water for granted. One day we may run out of it. A．needn't B．can't C．won't D．shouldn't 【答案】D 【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们不应该把拥有洁净的饮用水看作是理所当然的。也许有一天，我们会用完它。shouldn't“不应该”，符合句意。needn't不必；can't不可能；won't将不。故选D。 2．Using AI， many companies are now conducting experiments that__________ possible just a few years ago． A．would have been B．might have been C．shouldn't have been D．couldn't have been 【答案】D 【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：很多公司现在使用人工智能进行试验，这在几年前是不可能的。根据“a few years ago”可知，此处表示“过去不可能”，应该用couldn’t have done，故D 项正确。 3．Mr. Baker, some students want to see you. ______ they wait here or outside? A．May B．Should C．Shall D．Will 【答案】C 【解析】【详解】考查Shall的用法。句意：贝克先生，有些学生想见你。他们是在这里等还是在外面等?Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。故选C。【点睛】 Shall的用法 Shall作为助动词，一般用于第一人称Ⅰ和We，表示一个将来的动作，构成将来时态。Shall后面接动词原形。例如：（1）I shall think it over and Let you know my idea.我将考虑一下此事，然后告诉你我的想法。（2）We shall have a good time in the park.我们在公园里会玩得很高兴的。常考的特殊用法

(完整word版)情态动词讲解及练习题

情态动词一．情态动词基本用法 1.? can和could，用在否定句和疑问句中,表示惊讶，用在否定句和疑问句中。 How could you do such a silly thing? ?cannot....too/enough 表示“无论...也不过分，越...越好”。 You can’t be too careful while driving? 2.may和might的区别 ?表示许可、可能性、祝愿等意义，might比may更委婉。 A:给别人许可时。-May I play basketball this afternoon？ B:may/might as well+动原，“最好，倒不如”。表示禁止。 ?may作“可以”讲时，疑问句回答用mustn’t/can’ｔ 3. Must的用法 ?表示禁止（用于否定中） You mustn’t smoke in the bedroom. ?表示偏执、固执 -Could I have a word with you,mum? -Oh dear,if you must. ?must的否定回答 A:作必须讲时，疑问否定回答用don’t have to,needn’ｔ B：推测，一定讲时，回答用can’t. 表禁止。 C:mustn’ｔ委婉) --May I use your car? --No, you mustn’t./ -Sorry,you’d better not.(注意：must强调内在职责，而have to 强调迫于外界压力，不得已而为之。 4 .shall的用法 ?一、三人称征求意见时。请求对方时。Shall we begin our class? ?二，三人称陈述句中，说话人给对方的命令，警告、允诺或威胁。 You shall not get my support if you do such a thing. 5.will和would的区别 ?自愿主动提出，如：意志、愿望或决心，would 过去，will not表示拒绝。 I have told him again and again to stop smoking,but he will not listen. ?will习惯性动作，有“总是”或“总要”之意。 Everything he will have a walk along this year. ?would过去习惯性动作，比used to 正式。 Last year our English teacher would sometimes tell us stories in English after Class. ?used to do 过去常，过去一直------只表示过去。用来”/be used to doing习惯于-----可表过、现或将。 be used to do “ 6.dare表示敢于情态：dare do Dare you go home along？及物：dare to do Do they dare to say what she thinks? 7.need用法情态：need do 及物need to do表示主动 need doing 被动My overcoats needs washing.

初中英语语法知识—情态动词的图文答案(3)

一、选择题 1．—Jenny, we buy Mom presents. We can clean the house from top to bottom. —Good idea! It’s a special present for Mother’s Day. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．needn’t 2．-Listen! A wolf is crying! -It _______ be a wolf, because a wolf never comes out at this time. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．don’t 3．―I didn’t pass the driving test again. ―Don't worry. Just like the weather, life be beautiful all the time. A．can't B．needn't C．shouldn't D．mustn't 4．—________your house be cleaned right now？ —No,it needn't.It may be cleaned this afternoon．（） A．Must B．May C．Can 5．—Is that cap Bob’s? —No, it ________ be his. His is blue. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．may not 6．（江苏省无锡市锡北片2017届九年级下学期期中考试）—Where are you going for your summer holiday? —We go to Yun Nan, but we haven’t decided yet. A．should B．will C．may D．must 7．—How nice the building is! What is it for? —It ________ a hotel. But I’m not sure. A．must be B．have to be C．may be D．can be 8．—______ you please tell me something about the life in Canada or America? —Sorry, I______. I don’t know either. I’m from Australia. A．Could; couldn’t B．Can; couldn’t C．Could; can’t D．Can; mustn’t 9．— I would like________ to see a movie. —It’s too late. You’d better ________alone. A．to go, go B．go, not go C．to go, not go D．going, go 10．— I wonder if these are Jim's glasses. —They _____his. He doesn't wear glasses. A．might be B．could be C．can't be 11．I see the blackboard. I need to have my glasses. A．can B．can’t C．must D．mustn’t 12．I’m sorry, childre n over 1.4 meters________pay the full price for the show. A．may B．must C．can D．ought to 13．—Jack must be in his office, I think. —No, he be in the office. He flew to Canada this morning.

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一、选择题 1．The poor woman lives _________.But she never feels ________. A．alone; lonely B．lonely; lonely C．alone; alone D．lonely; alone 2．My sister is too young to_______herself_______. A．look at;good B．look like;well C．look after;good D．look after;well 3．—You’re going to Hong Kong. What are you doing_______? —I’m going sightseeing. It will be ________time in Hong Kong. A．to there; the first B．there; my first C．in there; my first D．there; my the first 4．Jack sings _________ and he is a _________ singer(歌手). A．nice; good B．well; good C．good; well 5．—How often does he watch TV? —He watches TV. A．hard ever B．ever C．never 6．—Susan, someone is waiting for you on the phone. It_______ be your sister, but I’m not sure.— Oh, please tell her to call me_______ be cause I’m busy now. A．might; later B．must; later C．might; late D．must; late 7．Li Hua studies very_______ and her English is_______ in her class. A．hardly; good B．hardly; well C．hard; best D．hard; the best 8．My brother plays soccer . A．good B．well C．great 9．My mother usually at 5:30 in the afternoon. A．get home B．get to home C．gets to home D．gets home 10．—I can’t find my dog. —________ you can ask the policeman for help. A．Why not B．May be C．Shall D．Perhaps 11．We’ll meet kinds of difficulti es in our lives in the future.We should learn to be ________any challenge! A．confident enough to take on B．active enough to take up C．enough careful to take up D．enough patient to take on 12．—Do you often go shopping with your mom, Mike? —You know, most boys ________ go shopping, but I do. A．sometimes B．usually C．hardly 13．Suzy felt _________ when she studied __________ in London. A．alone; lonely B．alone; alone C．lonely; lonely D．lonely; alone 14．—Kitty is very good at musical instruments.

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情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。情态动词句和疑问句中表示请求，允许，意为“能够” could 是can 的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的水平在疑问句中表示委婉请求 may 表示请求、许可，意为“能够”表示推测，常用于肯定句中，意为“可能、也许” might 是may的过去式,表推测，常用于肯定句中，意为“可能、也许”must 表示主观看法，意为“必须、应该”表有把握的推测，用语肯定句dare 表示敢于，主要用于否定句和疑问句中 should 意为“应该”，表示要求和命令表示劝告、建议 had better 意为“最好”，表示建议 used to意为“过去常常，表示过去的动作、行为考点一情态动词知识清单情态动词有具体的词义，但也同助动词一样，需要与其他词语一起构成句子的谓语，另外情态动词没哟人称和数的变化，情态动词后必须跟动词原形。 1. can 的用法（1）表示水平、许可、可能性。表示水平时一般译为“能、会”，即有种水平，尤其是生来具备的水平，此时may 和must 均不可代替它。（2）表示可能、能够。如：I can finish it in an hour. （3）表示许可，常在口语中。如：You can use my dictionary. （4）表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时can’t 译为“不可能”。 2.could的用法（1）can的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的水平。（2）could 在疑问句中，表示委婉的语气，此时没有过去式的意思。 3.may的用法（1）表示请求、许可，比can 正式，（2）表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“可能，或许”，一般用于肯定句中。（3）may的过去式为might ，表示推测时。可能性低于may 。 4. must的用法（1）must 表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。（2）其否定形式mustn’t表示“一定不要”“千万别”“禁止, 不许”.（3）对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn’t或don’t have to . （4）must 表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。当must 表示肯定的判断、推测时，其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成。 She must have finished writing, hasn’t she? 5. need的用法（1）need 表示需要、必须，主要用于否定句和疑问句中，其否定形式为needn’t，意为“没有必要，不必”。用need 提问时，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn’t。如：----Need I stay here any longer? ----Yes, you must .-----No. you needn’t . (2) need 还能够作实义动词，此时有人称、数和时态的变化，后边多接动词不定式。 6. dare 的用法dare意为“敢、敢于”,用法近似于need，有两种词性：（1）dare 作为情态动词，多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中，无第三人称单数形式，只有一般现在时和一般过去时。（2）dare 作为实义动词，此时有人称、数即时态的变化。注意：在口语中，dare 的各种形式常与不带to 的不定式连用。Do you dare tell her what I said? 7. shall 的用法（1）shall 表示征求对方意见（多用于第一、三人称）， Shall we go out for a walk? （2）表示决心、警告、命令（多用于第二、三人称）， No one shall bring your beepers or mobile phones in the exam. 8. should的用法（1） should 意为“应该”，可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。We should protect the environment. （2） should (would)like to do sth. 表示“想要、愿意做某事”，常用于口语中。Would you like to go with me? 你想和我一起去吗？（3）Should have done 表示对过去动作的责备、批评。 You should have finished your homework. 9. will 的用法 will表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多种人称。 I will help you if I’m free this afternoon. 10. had better 的用法 had better 意为“最好”，没有人称的变化，后面接不带to 的不定式，其否定形式为：had better not。 We had better go now. You had better not give the book to him. 考点二含有情态动词的疑问句 1. 由can、may、must构成的疑问句（1）句式：Can/ May/ Must…+ 主语+动词原形+….？如：Can you repair the car? Could he be a good student? May I borrow your ruler?Must we clean the room now? （2）对may 引出的问句，能够有下列回答方式：Yes, of course. Yes, certainly.Sure.No, you mustn’t.No, you can’t. （3）对must引出的疑问句，回答为：Yes, …must.No,…needn’t/don’t have to. 2. will，would，shall 的用法（1）will 在一般疑问句中表示客气的“请求、劝说”。would 是will 的过去式，语气更加客气、委婉。Would you show me your picture book? Will you please give me a call? （2）对will/ would you…的回答方式有以下几种：Yes, I will. (No, I won’t.)Sure . (I’m sorry , I can’t.)All right.Certainly. (No, thank you .) Yes, please. （3）shall引出的疑问句用于第一人称，表示征求对方意见或客气的请求。其回答方式有以下几种：Yes, please.All right. No, thank you. 考点三不同情态动词的否定意义也不同 1. （1）can’t可译为“不会”，如：I can’t play basketball. 我不会打篮球。（2）当句子表推测时，用can’t表达不可能，He can’t be ill. He is playing chess with Tom.（3）can’t还可用来回答“ May I …?”这样的问句。May I come in ?No, you mustn’t. / can’t.（4）can’t还可用于固定习语中。She can’t help crying. 2.may 的否定式为may not ，译成“可能不”，He may not be at home. 3.（1）mustn’t表示不许，不可。He mustn’t leave his room.

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⑵表示许可，主要用于口语，书面语一般用may。例如：Canwegohomenow,please— No,you can’t.我们可以现在就回家吗——不可以。Youcanonlysmokeinthisroom. 你只能在这间房间里抽烟。 You can’t keepthelibrarybooksformorethanamonth.图书馆的书借期不可超过一个月。 ⑶表示“可能”，与may同义，但一般用在疑问句中。例如：Whatcanhepossiblywant他可能会想要什么呢另外，在否定句中，否定形式can’t表示推测“不大可能”。例如：Anybodycanmakemistakes. 任何人都可能会犯错误。Thenews can’t betrue.那消息不大可能是真的。与第一、二人称连用时，还可以就可能的解决问题的方式或可能的行为提出建议。在这里，也可用could使语气婉转。例如： Can/Couldwemeetagainnextweek下周我们可以再见面吗Whatshallwedo—Wecan/couldtryaskingLucyforhelp.我们怎么办呢—— 我们可以请露茜帮忙试试看。Youcan/couldhelpmewiththecooking.你可以帮我做饭。 2.may的基本用法: ⑴表示“许可”，用can比较口语化。例如：Youmay/cancomeifyouwish. 如果你想来，你就来。Youmaynotpickflowersinthispark.

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