AP0106 Working with the Sim Data Editor
Working with the Sim Data Editor
Summary
Application Note
AP0106 (v2.0) June 09, 2006
This application note provides detailed information on
displaying and managing waveforms, created as a result of performing simulation or signal integrity analysis of your circuit design.
Whether you run a mixed-signal simulation on a circuit, or a pre-/post-layout signal integrity analysis, the resulting data and waveforms are written to a Simulation Data File (*.sdf ) and displayed within a multi-tabbed waveform analysis window – presented in the Sim Data Editor.
Operating much like an oscilloscope, the Sim Data Editor offers a host of waveform management and inspection features, including waveform scaling, mathematical manipulation and the ability to take measurements directly. This feature-rich environment allows you to quickly and efficiently analyze simulation results, enabling you to assess, debug and ultimately emerge confident in the operation of your design.
For more information on simulating a circuit using Altium Designer, refer to the Defining & Running Circuit Simulation Analyses tutorial.
For more information on signal integrity analysis, refer to the Performing Signal Integrity Analyses tutorial.
For detailed reference information on the various simulation analysis types available, refer to the Simulation Models and Analyses Reference .
Displaying Analysis Results
As your circuit is analyzed, the results are plotted in real-time. As mentioned previously, all data is
written to a Simulation Data File, which is named after the project itself (ProjectName.sdf ). Although created, this file is initially unsaved.
The following sections discuss how the data is presented and organized within this file, as well as how you can change the display setup to suit your preferred working style.
Charts, Plots and Waveforms
A Simulation Data File can essentially be broken down into three constituent parts: ? Charts ? Plots ? Waveforms.
Working with the Sim Data Editor
A chart can be thought of as a 'page' in the SDF file. An SDF file can
contain multiple charts, the content of each depending on the type of
analysis being performed. A plot is an area used to display data in a graphical way and can be used to display one or more waveforms. A
chart can contain multiple plots. A waveform represents analysis data collected from a specific point or node in a design.
Data Displayed when Running a Mixed-Signal Simulation
When running a mixed-signal simulation, a separate chart will be created for each analysis type
enabled in the main Analyses Setup dialog. The chart for an analysis type is accessed by clicking on its named tab at the bottom of the waveform display window (Figure 1).
Access the chart for a simulation analysis
by clicking on its tab.
Figure 1.Accessing mixed-signal simulation analysis results.
For analyses that result in analog waveform data, the number of plots contained in a chart will depend on the analysis type and the list of signals you have added to the Active Signals list of the dialog. For example, running a Transient analysis of a circuit will display each Active Signal in its own plot, as illustrated by Figure 2. The waveform names will be as they appear in the Active Signals list.
Working with the Sim Data Editor
Figure 2.Each active signal is displayed in its own plot.
Displaying Multi-pass Results
Monte Carlo analysis, Parameter Sweep and Temperature Sweep are all advanced simulation features that perform multiple passes of a basic analysis type (e.g. AC Small Signal, Transient, etc), varying one or more circuit parameters with each pass. When the results are displayed within the Sim Data Editor's main analysis window, two plots will be used for each analyzed signal – one plot displaying the single waveform resulting from the use of the nominal circuit values, and one containing the multi-pass results.
For the plot containing the multi-pass results, each pass is identified by adding a letter and a number after the waveform name. The letter is used to signify the type of multi-pass analysis:
?m – Monte Carlo
?p – Parameter Sweep
?t – Temperature Sweep.
The number signifies the actual pass.
Figures 3-5 illustrate example results gained from running each of these multi-pass features.
Working with the Sim Data Editor
Figure 3.Results of a Monte Carlo analysis.
Figure 4.Results of a Parameter Sweep.
Figure 5.Results of a Temperature Sweep.
Working with the Sim Data Editor
For Parameter and Temperature sweep multi-pass results, as you click on the waveform name, information on the parameters(s) used in that particular pass will appear underneath the plot. For a Parameter Sweep pass, the information will be displayed in the following format:
PrimarySweepVariable = Value, SecondarySweepVariable = Value (sweep x of n). For a Temperature Sweep pass, the information will take the form:
option[temp] = Value (sweep x of n).
In either case:
Value is the value used for a device in the circuit or the temperature set for the circuit.
x is the number of the pass selected
n is the total number of passes.
Figure 6 shows example results for a parameter sweep of a transient analysis. The currently selected waveform is out_p04, which is in fact pass 4 of an 11 pass sweep. As shown, the value for the primary sweep variable (r1[resistance]) on this sweep is 96.00k
(Ohms).
include a scroll feature. Simply click on the available button(s) to scroll through all
waveform names resulting from the sweep.
Data Displayed when Performing a Signal Integrity Analysis
When performing a signal integrity analysis, a separate chart will Array be created for each net reflection analysis specified on the Signal
Integrity panel. If a crosstalk analysis is also performed an
additional, single chart, will be created.
The chart for a particular analysis is accessed by clicking on its
named tab at the bottom of the waveform display window (Figure
7). Note that for reflection-based analysis, a chart is named after the net upon which the reflection analysis is performed.
Working with the Sim Data Editor Access the chart for a reflection analysis
by clicking on the tab with the required net name. Access the chart for the current crosstalk analysis by clicking on the corresponding tab
Figure 7.Accessing signal integrity analysis results.
Reflection Analysis Data
For a reflection analysis chart, the data displayed depends on:
?the number of pins in the net under test
?the specific termination types enabled (on the Signal Integrity panel)
?whether a sweep of the (virtual) termination component values is included as part of the analysis (again, enabled and defined on the Signal Integrity panel).
If you simply ran a reflection analysis with no termination components, a chart would contain one plot for each pin in the net under test. Each plot would contain one waveform – relating to the analysis of that pin with no termination used. For example, consider a reflection analysis for the net DTRA, which includes the following pins:
?U1 pin 12
?U2 pin 4
?U2 pin 5.
With no terminations enabled, the following chart (plots and waveforms) would be created and displayed for this net.
Working with the Sim Data Editor
Figure 8.Reflection results – no terminations.
As you can see from Figure 8, the waveform names are created based on the net name, the specific pin and the type of termination (in the case of Figure 8, no termination).
Now, if you were to enable specific termination types, without enabling a sweep of the values, additional waveforms would be added to each plot representing the results obtained by using each of those terminations. Figure 9 shows, for emphasis, the case when all termination types are enabled.
Figure 9.Reflection results – terminations enabled (no sweep).
Working with the Sim Data Editor
If you enable terminations AND a sweep of the termination values (with two or more sweep steps), you will get a plot for each pin in the net under test, and for each enabled termination. The waveforms that are displayed within each plot will be those for each sweep step for that particular termination, as well as the no termination waveform (for comparison). Figure 10 illustrates this display for our example DTRA net – with two termination types enabled (Serial Res and Parallel Res to VCC), and the sweep feature enabled with Sweep Steps set to 2.
Figure 10.Reflection results – terminations enabled, with sweep.
Working with the Sim Data Editor
Crosstalk Analysis Data
The display of data for the crosstalk analysis chart is essentially the same as that for a reflection analysis chart. The only difference being that as there is only a single chart for this analysis type, it will contain a plot for each pin in each net considered in the analysis. Figure 11 shows an example where two nets are considered in a crosstalk analysis – DTRA (set to be the Aggressor net) and RTSA (which defaults to being the Victim net). No specific termination types have been enabled.
Figure 11.Crosstalk results – no terminations.
Working with the Sim Data Editor
Changing the View
When analysis results are first written to an SDF file they are, by default, displayed in an optimum way – displaying between one and four plots in view at a time, depending on the number of plots resulting from the analysis. For example, if there are three plots, the chart will be configured automatically to display all three plots in view. If there were six plots, the chart would be automatically configured to display four plots in view at a time, and so on. You can change how many plots are 'visible' (i.e.
displayed at any one time in the waveform analysis window) from the Document Options dialog (Figure 12). Access this dialog for the active SDF file by choosing Tools ? Document Options from the main menus.
By setting the number of plots visible to All , you
will typically be able to see all plots at once within
the main analysis window (dependant of course on the number of plots resulting from the analysis).
Figure 12.Setting document options.
Figure 13.Configuring a chart to display all plots at once.
This is considered to be a 'draft mode' – providing a quick overview of the generated waveforms. This viewing mode is especially useful if you have performed a mixed-signal simulation of a circuit whose
Working with the Sim Data Editor
signals are predominantly digital, allowing you to see the interaction of signals with greater ease. In fact,
if at least one digital component is detected in your circuit, the display will default to this mode.
Figure https://www.wendangku.net/doc/f612169405.html,parison of digital signals is made by displaying all plots automatically.
When you want to analyze the waveforms in more detail, you should move from viewing all plots, to a specific number of them. The lower the number of plots visible in
the workspace at any one time, the easier it will be to concentrate on a particular waveform and take measurements from it. If you
want to take advantage of resizing features (X- and/ or Y-axes),
addition of Y-axes and plot labeling, you will need to set the Number of Plots Visible option (in the Document Options dialog) to anything but All .
Working with the Sim Data Editor
Figure 15.Setting the display to a specific number of plots.
The Document Options
dialog also offers the ability
to change the color scheme
for a chart. This allows you
to set up the workspace to
meet your preferred viewing
needs. Particularly useful is
the Swap
Foreground/Background
button which, as its name
suggests, allows you to
quickly invert your color
scheme (Figure 16).
Figure 16.Invert your color scheme at the touch of a button.
Working with the Sim Data Editor
Rearranging Plots
You can change the order in which plots appear in a chart, simply by clicking-and-dragging. This can be carried out irrespective of the view mode you are in, but is easier to do when displaying All
plots.
Figure 17.Distinguishing the active plot – all plots visible.
First, ensure that the plot you wish to move is made active in the
waveform analysis window. When the Number of Plots Visible is set to All (in the Document Options dialog) the active plot is distinguished by a black solid line around its waveform name section.
If the Number of Plots Visible is set to 2, 3, or 4, the active plot is distinguished by a black arrow at the left hand side of its display area. The movement of a plot is essentially the same for the different view
modes:
Figure 18.Distinguishing the active plot – 2, 3, or 4 plots visible.
? All plots mode – click inside the waveform name area (away from
the name itself) and drag up or down as required. A black line will appear to indicate under which plot the plot you are moving will be placed, if you release the mouse button. ? Single plot mode – click anywhere to the left of the Y-axis and drag
up or down as required. Again, a black line will appear to indicate the insertion point.
? 2, 3, 4 plots mode – click on the arrow at the left of the display (or anywhere to the left of the Y-axis) and drag up or down as required. Once again, a black line will appear to indicate the point of insertion. Figure 19 shows an example of moving a plot containing the waveform out below a plot containing the waveform in
.
Figure 19.Plot rearrangement – simply click and drag.
Working with the Sim Data Editor
Displaying Multiple Waveforms in a single Plot
When the analysis results are first generated, the default behavior is to display each waveform in its own plot. The exception to this would be when running sweep-based analyses. Just as plots can be moved, waveforms themselves can be moved between plots. Simply click on a waveform name and drag it to the required destination plot. A black arrow will appear at the top of the Y-axis for the recipient plot. Again, movement can be performed irrespective of the view mode (number of visible plots).
Figure 20 illustrates an example by which the waveform out is moved to share the same plot as the waveform in.
Figure 20.Rearrange waveforms to suit your analysis needs.
Working with the Sim Data Editor
You may need to adjust the Y-axis after the move, in order to better 'fit' the waveforms. This is
especially true if the destination waveform is larger in amplitude than the waveform in the target plot. For more information on adjustment of plot axes, see the section Resizing Waveforms later in this document.
Magnifying the Data
You can change the magnification of the active chart, allowing you to zoom-in or out when analyzing waveform data. Use the dedicated Zoom commands to zoom-in or zoom-out respectively. Alternatively, click and drag a selection square about a point of interest to magnify (zoom-in) to that point. As all plots in a chart have a common X-axis, changing the
magnification of the data in one plot will actually cause that same level of magnification to be applied to all plots.
To return to the initial display of the waveforms (non-magnified), simply run the View ? Fit Document command from the main menus (shortcut: Ctrl+Page Down ).
Adding New Charts and Plots
There may be occasions where you want to apply mathematical functions to waveforms, arrange the plots in a certain order, change the scaling of axes, or display custom-created waveforms. If you perform any of these on an existing (automatically generated) chart for an analysis, that information will be lost when you run a subsequent analysis and choose to view the results for the active signals (rather than
keeping the last display setup). In such cases, you may prefer to
create one or more new charts.
Figure 21.Defining a new chart.
Create a new chart using the New Chart command, accessed from the main Chart menu. The Create New Chart dialog will appear (Figure 21). Use the dialog to define a name (which appears on its tab) and title for the chart, as well as a title and units for the X-axis. The scaling options for the X-axis will be unavailable at this time. The Cursors tab allows you to
determine what data gets presented on the chart itself when using measurement cursors. These options can be defined before the chart's creation, or at a later stage by accessing the Chart Options dialog (Chart ? Chart Options ).
The new chart will be added, with its tab inserted to the right of
the existing chart tabs.
A newly created chart is blank by default, so you will want to populate it. The fastest way to do this would be to copy existing plots from another chart and paste them into the new chart (see next section). You can, however, create new plots from scratch.
Working with the Sim Data Editor
Plot creation is performed using the Plot Wizard. Access to this wizard is made by running the command from the main Plot menu (Plot ? New Plot), or by right-clicking within the chart and choosing Add Plot. Follow the pages of the wizard, including defining how the plot should appear and any waveforms that you wish to add to the plot upon its creation. After clicking Finish, the new plot will be added below the last existing plot in the chart.
Copying Charts and Plots
As mentioned, the quickest way to add a plot to a new (or existing) chart is to copy an existing one. Simply ensure that the plot you wish to copy is made active in the current chart and press Ctrl+C. It is important that a constituent waveform not be selected prior to the copy, otherwise you will simply copy the waveform instead.
When copying a plot, both the plot and its constituent waveform(s) will be included in the copy.
The plot can be pasted (Ctrl+V) into the same chart, a different chart of the same SDF file, or a chart of a
completely different SDF file. When pasted, the plot will be inserted after the last plot in the chart. A copied plot can only be pasted once. Figure https://www.wendangku.net/doc/f612169405.html,e the Plot Wizard to quickly create a new plot within the active chart.
A chart itself can be copied to the Windows clipboard, for use in other applications, such as MS Word. Simply ensure that the chart you want to copy is active in the main analysis window and choose Tools ? Copy to Clipboard from the main menus.
If a chart contains purely textual information, such as that for an Operating Point analysis, the information itself (rather than the whole chart display) can be copied to the clipboard, using the Tools ? Copy to Clipboard as Text command.
Deleting Charts and Plots
To delete a chart, simply ensure it is the active chart in the main analysis window and either use the Chart ? Delete Chart command, or right-click on the chart's tab and choose Delete Chart from the menu that appears.
To delete a plot, simply ensure it is the active plot in the current chart and either use the Plot ? Delete Plot command, or right-click within the plot and choose Delete Plot from the menu that appears.
If you want to leave the plot intact, deleting only the waveforms contained therein, use the Edit ? Clear command instead.
Exporting Charts and Plots
Commands available on the File ? Export sub-menu allow you to export the active chart or the active plot into comma separated value (*.csv) format. In either case, the Export Data dialog will appear.
Working with the Sim Data Editor
Figure 23.Setting up for export.
If you are exporting the active plot, all waveforms contained
within that plot will be exported. You can control whether Real or Complex data is exported, and specify the delimiter to be used (comma by default).
If you are exporting the active chart, the Waves To Export
region of the dialog will also be available. You have the choice of exporting only data for those waveforms currently displayed in the chart, or all waveforms for which source data is available. The latter can include signal data captured from the analyzed circuit, as well as user-defined waveforms. The Source Data region of the Sim Data panel lists all waveforms for which there is available (stored) data.
After defining export options, specify where you wish the
exported file to be saved, using the Export Selected Waveforms dialog.
The exported file contains each signal waveform stored as a set of data points comprising an X-axis (time) value and a Y-axis (data) value.
For information regarding the export of individual waveforms, see the section Exporting Waveforms later in this document.
Keeping Display Setup Information
When you close the Simulation Data File, the setup information is saved with the file. If you open the file again, the arrangement of charts and plots and the waveform data within will be exactly as you left them.
When running a mixed-signal circuit simulation, you have the opportunity to ensure that your SDF file setup is retained. This is done by ensuring the SimView Setup option is set to Keep last setup , in the Analyses Setup
dialog.
Figure 24.Controlling the initial display of data in the generated SDF file. If, when you re-run a simulation, you want it to display the
analyses and nodes that you have just setup – in the Analyses Setup dialog – change the SimView Setup option to Show
active signals .
Working with the Sim Data Editor
Waveform Management
The previous pages of this document have looked at how the results of an analysis are displayed within the analysis window and how features of the Sim Data Editor allow you to change and setup the display to meet your requirements. We also touched on the ability to move waveforms between plots as part of changing the display. This section of the document delves deeper into the waveforms themselves and, more importantly, the host of features provided by the Editor to manage them.
Selecting a Waveform
Selection of a waveform within the main analysis window is simply a case of clicking on the waveform's name. Once selected, the waveform will become bolder in color and have a dot to the left of its name. Filtering is applied, using the name of the waveform as the scope. All other waveforms in the active
chart with different names will be masked (becoming dimmed).
Figure 25.Selection of a waveform.
The extent of the masking can be controlled through use of the Mask Level slider bar, accessed by clicking the Mask Level button, located at the bottom-right of the analysis window.
Formatting a Waveform
Format a selected waveform using the Format Wave dialog – accessed either by choosing Wave ? Wave Options from the main menus, or by directly right-clicking on the waveform's name and choosing Format Wave from the pop-up menu that appears. The dialog allows you to:
? Change the name for the waveform. This is the name as it appears in
the main analysis window. The actual name for the captured source data signal is not changed. ? Change the units used for the waveform's Y-axis.
? Change the color used for the waveform. This can be especially useful
when a plot contains multiple waveforms and you want to make the plot as 'readable' as possible.
Figure 26.Options to format the selected waveform.
Working with the Sim Data Editor
Resizing Waveforms
The waveforms are automatically scaled when they are first displayed. The Y-axis of each plot is scaled such that all waveforms in the chart for the particular analysis type. For example the extent of the X-axis when running a Transient analysis is defined by Transient Stop Time – Transient Start Time . For an AC Small Signal analysis, the extent would be Stop Frequency – Start Frequency .
Changing the X-axis
The X-axis is common to all plots in a chart. You cannot change the scaling of the X-axis for an individual plot. Scaling for the X-axis is
changed from the Scale tab of the Chart Options dialog. Fast access to this tab can be made by double-clicking on the X-axis of any plot in the active chart.
In the X Axis Scale region of the dialog, uncheck the checkboxes if you want to apply your own, manual scaling. Use the Minimum and Maximum fields to change the extents of the X-axis. Change the Division Size to expand or contract the waveforms horizontally. For waveforms obtained by running an AC Small Signal analysis, make use of the Grid Type options in the dialog to change the X-axis from Linear to Logarithmic (base 2 or base 10).
Changing the Y-axis
Changing the scaling of the Y-axis for one plot will not affect the scaling of the Y-axis for another.
Simply put, the Y-axis is local to each plot in a chart. Scaling for the Y-axis is changed from the Y Axis
Settings dialog. Fast access to this dialog can be made by double-clicking on the Y-axis for a plot.
In the Scale region of the dialog, uncheck the checkboxes if you want to apply your own, manual scaling. Use the Minimum and Maximum fields to change the extents of the Y-axis. Change the Division Size
to expand or contract the waveforms vertically. The Y Axis region of the dialog allows you to add a label to the axis. By default, the units used for the axis come directly from the Units field in the Format Wave dialog. If more than one waveform share a plot, the units will only be shown (when the waveforms are not selected) if the units for each waveform are the same. Otherwise units will only be shown as
each waveform is selected. Disable the
Auto option and manually enter units as required.
Figure 27.X-axis scaling options.
Figure 28.Y-axis scaling options.
The Y-axes cannot be changed when the chart is configured to display All plots.
Working with the Sim Data Editor
Defining Multiple Y-axes for a Plot
Figure 29.Waveforms displayed in separate plots.
There may be times where a single Y-axis will just not work. For example, you may be wanting to contrast current and voltage signals in a common plot. The voltage signal might run to 5V, whereas the current signal may be in the order of milliamps or microamps. To make the waveforms 'readable' the Sim Data Editor provides for the use of additional Y-axes.
Consider the waveforms in Figure 29. One shows the voltage across a resistor (R1) and the other shows the current through that resistor.
Figure 30.Waveforms moved to share a single plot.
If the current waveform is now moved into the same plot as the voltage waveform (Figure 30), you can see that the current waveform is basically lost when scaled using the existing Y-axis for the plot.
Figure 31.Additional Y-axis assigned to plot.
A new Y-axis can be added for the current waveform in one of the following ways:
? right-click on its name, choose Edit Wave , and in the
Edit Waveform dialog that appears enable the Add to New Y axis option. ? add a new Y-axis (Plot ? Add Y Axis ), then drag the
current waveform onto the axis to create association. The new (automatically scaled) Y-axis for the waveform will be added to the left of the existing Y-axis. The result (Figure 31) is easily readable waveforms in a single plot.
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Unit 2 Working the land Part I a Pioneer for all People Although he is one of China’s most famous scientists, Yuan Longping consider s himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research. Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggle d for the past five decade s. Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same field s. Now more than 60% of the rice produced in China each year is from this hybrid strain. Born in 1930, Dr Yuan graduate d from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside. Dr Yuan search ed for a way to increase rice harvest s without expand ing the area of the fields. In 1950, Chinese farmers could produce only fifty million tons of rice. In a recent harvest, however, nearly two hundred million tons of rice was produce d. These increased harvests mean that 22% of the world’s people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China. Dr Yuan is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other less developed countries to increase their rice harvests. Thanks to his research, the UN has more tool s in the battle to rid the world of hunger. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before. Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life. However, he doesn’t care about being famous. He feel s it gives him less freedom to do his research. He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. He enjoy s listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading. Spend ing money on himself or lead ing a comfortable life also means very little to him. Indeed, he believe s that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer trouble s. He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture. Just dream ing for things, however, cost s nothing. Long ago Dr yuan had a dream about rice plants as tall as sorghum. Each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn and each grain of rice was as huge as a peanut. Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people. Now, many years later, Dr Yuan has another dream: to export his rice so that it can be grown around the globe. One dream is not always enough, especially for a person who loves and cares for his people.
Unit2Workingtheland
Unit2Workingtheland unit 2 working the land teaching aims:1. target languagea.words and phrasessunburn, struggle, super, expand, circulate, equip, export, rid ... of, be satisfied with, lead a ... life, search for, would rather, thanks to, with the hope of, rather than b. important sentencesthis special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. p10he cares little about spending the money on himself or leading a comfortable life. p102. ability goals enable ss to learn more about agriculture, countryside and farming. by talking they can exchange their experience with each other. by reading they will realize the role that agriculture plays in human life. in fact this world faces a serious problem —starvation. so after reading the passage about dr yuan students will know the importance of his achievement to man. of course they will learn from dr yuan some noble character.3. learning ability goals help ss learn how to describe dr yuan longping including his personality.teaching important points a. help to comprehend the text and grasp the main idea of the text.b. grasp the usage of some words and expressions.c. how to
Unit2 Working the land 教案
Unit2Working the land Teaching objectives 1.Knowledge objectives (1).important words Sunburt.decade.super.output.crop.hunger.disturb.expand.circulate. Vietnam.battle.freedom.therefore.equip.grain.export. (2).important phrases Struggle for, Thanks to, Ri d…of, Be satisfied with, would… rather. (3).important sentence pattern Finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing. 2. Ability objectives Improve students’ reading ability through reading activities. 3. Affective objectives (1) After learning the passage, students are expected to know about Yuan Longping and his quality. (2)Enable students to know Dr Yuan’s key secret to success. Teaching important points 1. List the words .phases and sentences listed above. 2. Enable students to improve their reading comprehension. Teaching difficult points
Unit2《Working_the_land》教案
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UnitWorkingtheland练习题及答案
U n i t W o r k i n g t h e l a n d练习题及答案 集团标准化工作小组 [Q8QX9QT-X8QQB8Q8-NQ8QJ8-M8QMN]
Unit 2 Working the land 一. 单词和短语翻译（每小题1分） 1. 发现，发觉 2. 国籍 3. 毕业于 4. 生产，制造 5. 坚持；要求 6. 评论，议论 二. 用所给词的适当形式填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 1. It is no use_____________ ( complain ). 2. We succeeded in____________ (finish) the task ahead of time. 3. His ____________ (late) for class made his teacher very angry. 4. John finished_____________ (read) the book yesterday. 5. _____________ (collect) information is very important to businessmen. 6. Tom could not help____________ (jump) when he heard the news. 7. I should say sorry to Kate. I regret____________ (refuse) to help her that day. 8. Everybody was made unhappy because he insisted on____________ (stop) the work. 9. __________ (do) morning exercises is very important to us. 10. It is not worth___________ (see) the movie for the second time. 三. 单词拼写和短语填空。根据下列句子及所缺单词的首字母或汉语意思，写 出单词的正确形式。（共27小题；每空1分，满分31分） 1. A c________ change takes place in paper when it burns. 2. We must r________ ourselves of these old ideas. 3. Not having had food for over forty hours, we were all weak from h_________. 4. The baby is hungry but it is too young to ______ (喂养) itself yet. 5. It was a new form of ________ (细菌) and nobody knew how it would affect humans. 6. The cookies are made from g________ and fruit. 7. Farmers consider rabbits to be p________, because they destroy some crops they grow. 8. The violent film is not s________ for children. 9. This food provides the ________(营养) your dog needs. 10. The average o ________ of the factory is 20 cars a day. 11. Many African children die of h_________ because of lack of food. 12. Sydney's population e__________rapidly in the 1960s. 13. Look, the fish are s__________for survival because the water level has dropped in the lake. 14. Yesterday 1 bought 10 flavors of ice-cream---enough to s______my roommates. 15. I am a bit c _ . Is that her husband or her son she is with
Unit 2 working the land基础测试题
Unit 2 working the land基础测试题 姓名________ 班级__________ 得分______________ 一．单词拼写（每个1分，共15分） 1. He ________________(挣扎) to his feet and dragged slowly ahead. 2. The________________(令人不安的) news made him disturbed. 3. He is ________________(迷惑) about his future. 4. He________________(后悔) that he had missed the lecture by Professor Smith. 5. Water ________________(膨胀) when it freezes. 6. The minister(部长) refused to ________________(作出评论) on this accident. 7. Great changes have taken place in our school in the past two ________________(十年). 8. Over the past half century, using ________________(化学的)fertilizers has become very common in farming. 9. The ________________(发现) of new land made Columbus(哥伦布) world-famous. 10. (饥饿) is the best sauce. 11. Her shoulders were badly (晒伤). 12. Anot her (超级) skyscraper is being built. 13. Manufacturing (产量) has increased by 8%. 14. Farmers produce millions of tons of g to feed the nation. 15. Would you mind writing a s of the passage? About 200 words are OK. 二、完成句子（每个空1分，共30分） 1. 袁隆平认为自己是个农民，因为他在田里耕作，进行科学研究。 Yuan Longping _________ himself ___ _______, for he works the land to do his research. 2. 多亏了他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中有了更多的办法。 ______ ____his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to _____ the world _______hunger. 3. 袁博士很满意他的生活。 Dr Yuan is quite _______ ____ his life. 4. 他宁愿把时间花在自己的业余爱好上。 He _________much _________ keep time for his hobbles. 5. 在自己身上花钱或者享受舒适的生活对袁博士来说意义不大。 Spending money on himself or ______ ____ _______ _______ also means very little to him. 6. 事实上，他认为一个人有了太多钱，他的麻烦事只会更多，而不是更少。Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more_______ _______ fewer troubles. 7. 食物中的化学成分会在人体中堆积。 These chemicals in the food supply ______ ___ in people's bodies over time. 8. 很多化学成分能导致癌症或其它疾病。 Many of these chemicals can______ ___ cancer or other illnesses. 9. 农民关心的是保持土壤肥沃并且免受病害。
Unit 2 Working the land教案
Unit 2 Working the land教案 Unit 2 Working the land The First Period Reading Teaching goalablleaabout agriculture, countryside and farming. Help Ss learn how to describe Dr Yuan Longping includingalTeaching important and difficula. Held the text and graain ideaxt. b. Grasp the usagwords and exHow to help students leaabout agricultuTeaching methods Talking, qug-and-answering activity and reading. Teaching aids A tader, aand a compuⅠ Greeting and leadingT: Hello, ev: Hello, teaT: In last unit we leagreat women. Today we’ll learn a famous man. Who will it be? Alet’s look at the two pictures on Page 9. What ale doing? Ss: They are plantingT: Can you tellg about rice? S: Rice growu: Bulawe can also findT: Yeah. You are right. In faa cereal grain that has been grown for at least 5,000 years and is eaten by 2.4 billle everyday throughout the world. In Australia, farmers
Workingtheland优秀教案
个人收集整理仅供参考学习 Unit 2 Working the land Period 4 Using language: Extensive reading Teaching aims: I. Topics: Chemical or organic farming II. Useful words and expressions: Chemical, production, bacteria, pest, nutrition, mineral, discovery, focus, soil, reduce, root, skim, underline, summary, comment, build up, lead to, focus on, keep...free from/ of b5E2RGbCAP III. Ability and emotion 1. Develop Ss’ reading skills by extensive reading and enable them to learn how to use different reading skills to read different reading materials.p1EanqFDPw 2. Have Ss tell about modern agriculture and organic farming.DXDiTa9E3d 3. Let Ss have a better understanding of organic farming and pay attention to the quality of food we eat.RTCrpUDGiT Step1 Leading in Ask Ss what they know about organic farming. Collect their ideas on the blackboard. 5PCzVD7HxA Step 2 Skimming Ask Ss to skim the passage and find the main idea of this passage and each paragraph.jLBHrnAILg Paragraph&passage Main idea Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 Paragraph 4 Passage Step 3 Scanning 1 Ask Ss to scan the passage to locate particular information and answer the following questions in Exercise 1 an then fill in the form about the methods and advantages in Exercise 2. xHAQX74J0X Methods of organic farming Advantages of methods 1.Farmers use natural waste from animal. This makes the soil richer in minerals and so more fertile. 1 / 7
高二英语：Working the land教学设计
新修订高中阶段原创精品配套教材 Working the land 教材定制 / 提高课堂效率 /内容可修改 Working the land 教师：风老师 风顺第二中学 编订：FoonShion教育
Working the land unit 2 working the land 核心单词 1. struggle v.挣扎；努力；拼搏；斗争 n. (为争取自由、政治权利等而进行的)斗争，奋斗 常用结构： struggle with与……斗争 struggle for 为争取……而斗争 struggle against与……斗争；为反对……而斗争struggle to do sth. (=make great efforts to do sth.) 努力做某事 struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来 she struggled to keep back the tears. 她努力忍住泪水。it was a hard struggle to get my work done on time. 为使工作按时完成, 我做了一番努力。 易混辨析 struggle/fight
struggle指较长时间的、激烈的斗争，往往指肉体及精神上的战斗。 fight意为“搏斗，打斗，打架”，表示“斗争”时，包含体力和勇猛的因素。 高手过招 (1)单项填空 the working people have never stopped their struggle unfair treatment. （XX?01?山西太原五中检测） a. against b. for c. from d. to (2)完成句子（原创） ①我们应当帮助那些仍在为独立而斗争的人们。 we should help those who are still . ②他们得和各种各样的困难作斗争。 they had to . (1)解析：选a。struggle against意为“同……作斗争”；struggle for意为“为了……而斗争”。 (2)①struggling for independence ②struggle with/against all kinds of difficulties 2. expand v.扩大；扩展；增加；增长；（使）膨胀；阐述；使变大常用结构： expand...into...将……扩展/发展成……
Unit 2 Working the land单词讲解
必修四第二单元Working the land 重点单词讲解 1.struggle vt. & vi.斗争；拼搏；努力 struggle with与……斗争；和……一起战斗struggle...for 为争取……而斗争struggle...against与……斗争；为反对……而斗争struggle+不定式，如： A bird was caught in the net and was struggling to get free. 一只鸟被网罩住了，挣扎着想要逃脱。struggle to one’ s feet挣扎着站起来 a life-and-death struggle生死搏斗 struggle还可以作名词，意思是“斗争；搏斗；努力；挣扎；难事”等。如： With a struggle，he controlled his feelings. 他费力地控制住了自己的感情。 2.expand vt. & vi.使变大；伸展；阐述 expand指向四面八方的扩大扩张 extend 强调向某一方向的延长 spread 指消息，疾病，瘟疫等的传播、蔓延，也指把某物铺开，把胳膊张开 【练习】用expand，extend，spread，stretch的适当形式填空。 1). The man _______ the information around. 2). The empire _______ its country in the 16th century. 3). The road builders worked hard to _______ the high way. Keys: 1). spread 2). expanded 3). extend 3.circulate vt. & vi. 循环；流传 【例句】Blood circulates through the body.血液在体内循环。 【考点】1）形容词：circular圆形的；循环的； 名词：circulation循环；流通；发行量； 2）circulation 作“（报纸、杂志等的）发行量”解时，是可数名词。 4.thanks to thanks to 幸亏；由于；因为 1). Thanks to your help, much trouble was saved. 多亏你的帮助, 减少了许多麻烦。 2). Thanks to the bad weather, the match had been cancelled. 多亏这个倒霉天气, 比赛取消了。thanks to 相当于because of /owing to /due to /thanks to /on account of /as a result of 5.rid rid sb./sth. of... 使某人/某物摆脱…… 1). Many people are working hard to rid the world of famine. 很多人在努力使世界不再有饥荒。 2). The dentist rid him of the pain by taking out his bad tooth. 牙科医生把他的坏牙拔掉，使他免除痛苦。[重点用法] rid 短语： be rid of 摆脱get rid of 摆脱；除掉；去掉 rid a house of mice 清除室内老鼠rid oneself of debt 还清债务 [类似用法动词] inform/ warn/ cure sb. of… 通知/警告/治愈某人…… 6.be satisfied with be satisfied with = be content with 对……表示满足或满意 1). I was not satisfied with the result. 我对那个结果感到不满意。 2). You’ve done well at school. I’m very satisfied with you. 你在学校干得不错，我对你很满意。[重点用法] sth. satisfy sb. 某事使某人满意sb. is satisfied with sth. 对……表示满足或满意 be satisfied to do 对做……感到满意be satisfied that clause 对做……感到满意 a satisfied smile 满意的微笑 a satisfied customer 感到满意的顾客 feel a sense of satisfaction感到满足to sb’ s / sth’ s satisfaction 使某人满意的是 far from satisfactory 远远不能令人满足it is satisfying (to do sth) 做某事是令人满意的 a satisfactory explanation / performance令人满意的解释/演出 get/ob tain satisfaction from one’ s work 从自己的工作中得到满足 7.would rather 1). I’ d rather walk than take a bus. 我愿意走路而不愿意坐公共汽车。 2). “Some more wine?” “Thank you, I’ d rather not. I have to drive home.” [重点用法] would rather do A (than do B) = would (prefer to) do A (rather than do B) 宁愿做甲事(而不做乙事） would rather sb. did sth.宁愿某人做某事(从句用虚拟语气) 8.therefore adv.因此, 所以=for that reason=consequently常用于连接两个并列分句，其前加“and”或分号“；”。 1）He was ill, and therefore could not come. 他病了, 所以未能来。 2）He has broken his leg and therefore he can't walk.他摔坏了腿，因此不能走路了。 3）We do not have enough money. Therefore we cannot afford to buy the new car.我们的钱不够,因此买不成这辆新车。 9.equip vt. & vi.配备；装备 【考点聚焦】1）名词：equipment n.[u] 装备；设备 常用搭配：office equipment 办公设备sports equipment 运动器械 2）与equip相关的词组：equip with 配备…… 3）equip的过去式和过去分词都是equipped；现在分词是equipping。 10.export vt. & vi.输出；出口
必修4unit2workingtheland词汇讲解及练习
必修4 Unit2 Working the land 1 struggle [?str?gl]vi.搏斗；奋斗；努力；争取n.打斗；竞争；奋斗 【例句】They had to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties. 他们必须和各种各样的困难作斗争。 After 5 years’ of struggle,people in Wenchuan are living a normal life now.经过五年的努力，现在汶川人民的生活步入了正轨。 【搭配】struggle against/with与……斗争struggle for 为争取……而斗争struggle to do 努力去做struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来 a life-and-death struggle生死搏斗 【辨析】battle, war, campaign, struggle, fight 这些名词均有“战斗，战争”之意。 ?battle：侧重指战争中的一次较全面、时间较长的战斗，也指陆军或海军在某一特定地区进行的战斗，或个人之间的争斗。 ?war：是战争的总称，一般指包括多个战役的大规模战争。 ?campaign：通常指在一场大的战争中在某一地区进行的一连串有既定目的的军事行动。 也可作引申用。 ?struggle：指激烈或时间持续长的战斗或奋力斗争。 ?fight：最普通用词，含义广，指战斗、斗争或打斗。 2 hunger [?h??g?(r)] n.饿，饥饿；欲望vt.& vi.（使）饥饿 【例句】His hunger for knowledge drove him to the library. 他对知识的强烈愿望驱使他上图书馆。 These students hunger for new knowledge and ideas. 这些学生渴望学到新知识，获得新思想。 【搭配】have a hunger for 渴望hunger for 渴望得到 【拓展延伸】“渴望得到某物/渴望做某事”的多种表达法归纳如下： hunger for sth. long for sth. hope for sth. wish for sth. be eager for sth. desire sth. hunger to do sth long to do sth hope to do sth wish to do sth be eager to do sth. desire to do sth. 3 expand [?k?sp?nd] vt.使…变大；扩张；详述vi.扩展；发展；张开；展开 【例句】In ten years the city’s population expanded by 12%. 十年之中,该市人口增加了百分之十二。 【搭配】expand...into...将……扩展/发展成……expand on 阐述；详谈 【辨析】expand/extend/spread/stretch expand 意为“展开，扩大”，不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。 extend 意为“伸出，延伸”，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度，宽度的向外延伸，也可指时间的延长。 spread 意为“传播；蔓延；铺开”。一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播（疾病），散布（信息）等。 stretch 意为“伸展(身体等)，拉长；连绵”，一般指由曲变直，由短变长的伸展，不是加长。 【拓展延伸】expansion n.展开；膨胀；扩展expansive adj.广阔的；易膨胀的 4rid [r?d] vt.使摆脱，解除，免除 【例句】You are supposed to rid yourself of carelessness,for it often leads to trouble. 你应该