文档库 最新最全的文档下载
当前位置:文档库 › 高考语法——同位语从句

高考语法——同位语从句

高考语法——同位语从句
高考语法——同位语从句

同位语(Appositive):

同位语是英语语法的重点内容,也是各类考试中的一个考点,同时,在写作中正确运用同位语可以使你的句型更加简洁得体。

《新概念英语》第三册第一课有这样一个句子:When reports came into London zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.(当伦敦动物园接到报告说,在伦敦以南45英里处发现一只美洲狮时,这些报告并没有受到重视。)

在这里,a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London就是同位语从句,它本来应该放在“reports”后面,这里却被放在了谓语成分came into London zoo的后面,目的是让句型显得更为稳重。

I.简单记忆:同位语从句,就是对某些名词做进一步的解释的句子。

I was greatly shocked when I heard the news that his father died yesterday. (that 引导的句子解释了news的内容,注意:that不做任何成分)

We have to face the fact that the weather is unexpectedly bad. (that 引导的句子解释了fact的内容)

II.联想记忆:

能接同位词从句的名词有:belief(信仰),fact,idea,doubt,rumor(谣言),evidence(证据),conclusion(结论),suggestion(建议),problem,order,answer,discovery(发现)explanation (解释),principle(原则),possibility(可能性),truth,promise(承诺),report(报告),statement(声明),knowledge(知识),opinion(观点),likelihood(可能性)

III.王牌要点:

● 同位语一般由that引导,但也可以用关系代词which, who, what和关系副词when, where, why, how或whether 引导。

There arouse the question whether we could win the game.

I have no idea howto explain it.

● 一些介词词组后面也能引导同位语从句。(非常经典之功能句式,可用于四六级和托福作文,不妨一试!)

on the assumption(在……前提下),

on the ground(由于……原因),

on the condition that(在……条件下),

with the exception(有……例外)

owing to the fact(由于……事实),

on the understanding(基于……理解)

e.g. The young lady promised to marry the old man on the condition that he bought her a villa. (那位年轻的女士答应嫁给那位老头,条件是他给她买一幢别墅。)

IV.分隔式同位语从句

为了使句型平衡不至于头重脚轻,有时同位语从句可以放到句子的末尾,(读两遍此定义,然后看倒句:)

An idea came to him that he might write to her to ask more information about the matter.

I got information from my friend that there will be a marvelous American movie "Titanic".

V. 同位语从句与定语从句之区别

简单记忆:定语从句的引导词that 或which在句子中用作主语或宾语,而同位语从句的引导词that只起连接主句和从句之作用,不用作任何成分。

e.g. I've got an answer that A is right. (同位语从句,that 不做成分)

I've got an answer that surprised me a lot.(定语从句,that做定语从句的主语)

VI.王牌重点:可以充当同位语的词组或短语。

1)名词短语。(使句型更为简洁)

Bill Clinton, the president of America, came to China to pay an official visit in 1998.

Lu Xun, one of the greatest essayists in China, played an overwhelmingly important role in Chinese literature history.

2)动名词词组亦可用作同位语:别忘了加逗号。(使句型更为流畅)

I'm crazy about the game, playing baseball.

Going to concert, that sounds a great idea.

3)不定式短语。(陌生只是掌握的开始)

The problem what to do next remains unsolved.

Her claim to have finished his work is nothing but a white lie.

4)形容词词组。(有逗号隔开)

All the workers, young or old, should be treated equally.

Young man, short or tall, should have the right to take the opportunity.

VII. 同位语的引导词。(重要!这是中高级写作中不可缺少的引导成分)

引导词用来表示同位语与它所说明的同位成分之间的关系:

1.namely, that it is, that is to say(也就是说), in other words(换句话说), or, for short 表示等同关系。

2.such as, say, so to speak(譬如说), including(包括), for instance(或for example (e.g. / eg),表示举例和列举关系。

3.especially, mostly, chiefly, or better, in particular, particularly表示突出重点,(在高难度阅读中表示后面的部分为更重要或更突出的部分,是出题的关键点。)

初中英语语法——三大从句汇总(重点笔记)

初中英语语法——三大从句汇总 在英语中,主要有三大从句,即名词性从句(包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)、形容词性从句(即定语从句)、副词性从句(即 状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。以 下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点 A、定语从句专项讲解与训练 一、定语从句概念 定语从句(attributive clause),顾名思义,就是一个句子作定语从属 于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当,所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外, 定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的,故又称作关系从句。 定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后,这种名词或代词被称作先 行词。请看示例: The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 先行词定语从句 在所有的从句中,算定语从句最难掌握,因为汉语里没有定语从句,汉语 里只有定语,而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词代替前面的先行词,并且在定语从句中充当句子成分,可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有:who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示: 先行词主格宾格所有格 人 who whom whose 物 which which whose of which 人、物 that that — (一)关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人,是主格,在定语从句中作主语。例如: An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。 I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first

完整word版,同位语从句讲解及练习

同位语从句 ◆◆◆辨认同位语从句 在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰,限定或说明,这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致,并常常紧挨在一起。 1. 名词作同位语 Mr. Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.王先生,我孩子的老师,星期二要来看我们。 2. 短语作同位语 I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.我,作为家里最大的女孩,老得照料家中的其他孩子。 3. 直接引语作同位语 But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题:“多利早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗?” 4. 句子作同位语 The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖,让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。 ◆◆◆同位语从句用法 一、同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。 I heard the news that our team had won.我听到了我们队获胜的消息。 ①可以跟同位语从句的抽象名词通常有news,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,words(消息),possibility等。(承诺信息主意是事实;疑问想法与问题;希望消息建议是潜力。) I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.我从王先生那里来,他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 ②在某些名词表“建议,命令,要求等”(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气(即should+动词原形;should可省) There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项建议是布朗应该离队。 ③同位语从句前名词的数:同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式,并且往往带有限定词(word除外)加以修饰。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来? 二、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that,whether,连接代词what,who。连接副词how, when, where等。(注:if, which 不能引导同位语从句。) 1. 连词that引导同位语从句(注:引导同位语从句的that不能省略) The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。(作idea的同位语) 【注意】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略,但在非正式文体中也可以省去。 He grabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱,给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。 2. 连词whether引导同位语从句(注:if不能引导同位语从句)

英语语法英语从句完全汇总

英语语法: 英语从句完全汇总 一.主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it 代替,而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如: It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that broke the window. 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is +名词+从句 It is a fact that …事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) it is +形容词+从句 It is natural that…很自然… It is strange that…奇怪的是… (3) it is +不及物动词+从句 It seems that…似乎… It happened that…碰巧… (4) it +过去分词+从句 It is reported that…据报道… It has been proved that…已证实… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 (1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 (2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right) That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong) (3) It happens…, It occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right) That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong) (4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (right) Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (wrong) (5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前。例如: Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right) Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong) 4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语.宾语.表语,而that 则不

高中英语语法大全

(1)表语从句 1.定义:用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。 2.构成:关联词+简单句 3.引导表语从句的关联词的种类: (1) 从属连词that。如: The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。 (2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如: He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。 注:从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句,但as if却可引导表语从句,如: All this was over twenty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday. gh能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如: It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。 连接副词 where, when, how, why。 如:The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。 That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。 解释: 1.连词because可引导表语从句。如: I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。 2.在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示,should可省略。如: My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。(2)主语从句 1.定义:用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2.构成:关联词+简单句 3.引导主语从句的关联词有三类: (1) 从属连词that。如:That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显,她们确是亲姐妹,她们的脸型很相似。 (2) 从属连词whether。如: Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。 (3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever 连接副词 where, when, how, why。如: What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的,谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome. 不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。 解释: 1.主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有: A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如: It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that

同位语从句重难点解析及习题教学文案

同位语从句 一、同位语从句概述 同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词内容的从句,常见的可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有:belief,chance,doubt,hope,idea,news,opinion,thought,promise等。引导同位语从句的词有连词that,whether和副词how,when,where等。 二、同位语从句点拨 (1)同位语从句是意义完整的陈述句时,用连词that引导。注:that在从句中不充当任何成分,只起连接作用,通常不省略。如:I got the news that he would come to see me the next week. (2)同位语从句是疑问句时,应根据语境选用who,when ,where,how,whether(不能用if)等词来引导。如:The question who is the best for the job requires consideration. (3)分隔式同位语从句:当主句的谓语较短,而同位语从句较长时,为了使句子保持平衡,常把同位语从句后置。如:An idea came to him that he could buy her a diamond ring. (4)后面常跟同位语的词有:doubt,fact,hope,idea,message,news,possibility,promise,question,suggestion,truth,thoug ht,warning,wish等。注:advice,order,suggestion等词表示建议、命令的词后的同位 语从句中的谓语动词须用(should) +动词原形。如:He made the suggestion that the meeting(should) be put off. 三、同位语从句与定语从句的区别 (1)所表达的内容不同:同位语从句和定语从句一般是放在某一名词后面,但同位语从句是对该名词的解释和说明,而定语从句是对该名词的修饰,说明它的性质特 征。如:The fact that he presented was a strong proof. 他所提供的事实是一个强有力的证据。(定语从句) The fact that she hadn’t said anything surprised us all. 她一言不发的事实让我们每一个人都很惊讶。(同位语从句) (2)在句中所起的语法作用不同:引导定语从句的that是关系代词,它的作用是连接主句和从句,并代表先行词在从句中充当句子成分,而且that作宾语时可省略, 指物时,可以用which代替。引导同位语从句的that是连词,只起连接主句和从 句的作用,它不充当任何成分,不能省略,也不可被which代替。如: We expressed the hope that Mr and Mrs Smith would come to visit China the next year. 我们表达了希望史密斯夫妇第二年到中国来访的愿望。(同位语从句) The news(that/which)we heard spread all over the city. 我们所听到的消息传遍了整个城市。(定语从句) (3)所修饰的词不尽相同:同位语从句所修饰的名词数量有限,往往是含有某种信息的词,如:message,news,fact,hope,desire,problem,idea,suggestion,advice,questtion, order,belief,doubt,fear,truth,throught等,而定语从句修饰的先行词无此限制。 (4)wh-引导词引导同位语从句时,有其本身的疑问含义;引导定语从句时则没有疑问的意思。如;

高中英语语法_状语从句练习30题及详解

1. Tim is in good shape physically he doesn't get much exercise. A. if B. even though C. unless D. as long as 2. The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ______ accompanied by an adult. A. once B. when C. if D. unless 3. you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge. A. However a serious problem B. What a serious problem C. However serious a problem D. What serious a problem of the heavy traffic,it was already time for lunch break she got to her office. A.since B.that C.when D.until* m John thinks it won’t be long he is ready for his new job. A. when B. after C. before D. since 6. Today, we will begin ________we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out. A. when B. where C. how D. what 7. She had just finished her homework her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. A. when B. while C. after D. since 8. My parents don’t mind what job I do I am happy. A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though 9. You can’t borrow books from the s chool library ______ you get your student card. A. before B. if C. while D. as 10. All the dishes in this menu, otherwise stated, will serve two to three people. A. as B. if C. though D. unless of the financial crisis, days are gone _ _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for

(精华版)初中英语语法基本从句汇总

(精华版)初中英语语法基本从句汇总从句的共同特点 从句是指在一个句子中充当一个成分的句子,充当什么成分就叫什么从句,如:充当宾语就叫宾语从句,充当定语成分就叫定语从句。 从以上定义中我们可以得出关于从句的一个最大特点:从句是句子。 从句的共同特点:1.从句都有自己的连接词2.从句都是陈述语序(陈述语序就是主语在前,谓语在后,如:He is a teacher主语He在谓语is之前,因此是陈述语序,而Is he a teacher?主语He在谓语is之后,因此不是陈述语序。) 1宾语从句 宾语从句是指在一个句子中充当宾语的句子,如:He said that he wanted to be a teacher when he grew up. 宾语从句的特点: ①宾语从句有自己的连接词 ②宾语从句用陈述语序 ③宾语从句的时态 1

①宾语从句的连接词:宾语从句的连接词包括that、if/whether(是否)、特殊疑问词。 ②宾语从句的语序; A.宾语从句的连接词后加陈述语序(主语在前,谓语在后),如:I want to know if he can come tomorrow B.当连接词本身又是宾语从句的主语时,后面直接加谓语动词,如:She asked me who had helped him. ③宾语从句的时态,只要记住以下口诀就可以了“主现则从任,主过则从过,客观真理一般现” A.主现则从任:主句如果是一般现在时,则从句根据时间状语需要从八种时态中任选一种,如:1.He tells me he likes English very much(一般现在时) B.主过则从过:主句如果是一般过去时,则从句根据时间状语需要从四种带“过”字的时态中任选一种,带“过”字的时态分别是如:一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时。 如:He told me that he liked playing football(一般过去时) C.客观真理一般现:客观真理永远用一般现在时。 如:1.He says the moon goes around the earth. 2状语从句 2

同位语从句讲解及练习

同位语从句 一.同位语 同位语:跟在名词或代词后,与之表达同一内容;通常由名词、名词性短语等担任。 (A=B:两项所指相同) e.g 我知道奥巴马,美国的总统。 I know Obama, the president of United States. (Obama与the president of US同一个人)我们应该从过去当中学习,它是现在的一面镜子和将来的希望。 We should learn from the past, the mirror of the present and the hope of the future. The future belongs to you, young people. 未来是属于你们年轻人的。(you=young people) (实质是句中两个成分相等) 二.同位语从句 1.(1)概念:由一个句子来充当同位语。 e.g 我知道这个事实,奥巴马是美国的总统。 I know the fact that Obama is the president of United States. (the fact就是指的是奥巴马是美国总统) We should learn from the truth that the past is the mirror of the present and the hope of the future. (2)与从句同位的名词通常为抽象名词: fact, truth, Idea, thought, belief, hope, doubt, rumour, question, answer, reply, news, , order (有些抽象名词本身带有“疑问”的含义,如question, doubt) 2. 构成: (------先造3个简单的句子,He is a student.(陈述句) Is he a student?(一般疑问句)Who is a student?(特殊疑问句) 同位语从句(连词)不是与前面的抽象名词有关,连词取决于后面从句是什么样的形式; (I know the fact he is a student. ) (1)如果从句是陈述句,连词用that e.g I know the fact that he is a student. 我听到了这个消息,他离开了我们。 I heard the news that he left us. The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once. 将军下达了命令战士们应该立即过河。 We are delighted at the news that we are going to spend our summer vacation in Hawaii. 我们非常高兴听到这个消息,我们将在夏威夷度过我们的暑假。 The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody. 他什么都没说,这个事实让大家很吃惊。 结论:that在从句中不做成分,并且没有含义 (2)如果从句是一般疑问句,连词用whether, 再把一般疑问句变陈述句语序

英语语法之时间状语从句

时间状语从句常由以下连接词引导:when(当……时),as(一边……一边;当…时),while(在……期间),after(在……之后),before(在……之前),as soon as(一……就),since(自从),till(until)(直到……,直到……才),whenever(任何时候),the moment(一……就),no sooner than(一……就),hardly…when… (一……就)等。由以上连接词(或词组)连接的主从复合句中,主句和从句的动作,有的是同时发生,有的是先后发生。因此,要特别注意根据连接词所代表的时间不同,主句和从句的谓语要使用相应的时态。这是掌握时间状语从句的关键。 1. when 和whenever 引导的从句:从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生,也可以先于主句的动作发生。例如: When we reached home, it was already dark. 我们到家的时候天已经黑了。 When my cousin came yesterday, I was playing volleyball. 昨天我表哥来时,我正在打排球。 When it rains, I go to school by bus.下雨的时候,我坐车去学校。 I shall tell her the good news when she comes. 她来时,我将告诉她这个好消息。(主从句都表示将来发生的动作,但要注意从句中要用一般现在时,表示将来。) Come to see us whenever you can.你什么时候有空,就过来看看我们。 2. while 和as 引导的从句:while表示“当…过程中”,强调某一段时间主句和从句的动作在同时发生。as表示“当…时”或 “一边…一边”,主句和从句的动作同时发生。例如: Work while you work; play while you play. 该工作的时候就工作,该玩的时候就玩。 While he is reading, he always makes notes. 他经常一面看书,一面做笔记。 She sings as she goes along.她边走边唱。 You will grow wiser as you grow older. 随着年龄的增长,你会更加聪明起来。 3. before 和after 引导的从句:前者一般表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前。后者表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。 例如: I didn’t know any English before I came here. 我来这儿之前,一点英语都不懂。 I had written my report before my mother came back.

英语语法整理之从句

语法内容----从句 一.从句的分类 主语从句(谓语之前)This is what he told me last night. 表语从句(系动词之后)What he said is true. 宾语从句(实意动词之后)Tell me what he said at the meeting. 同位语从句名词之后,与名词是等同关系)The news that he will come makes me happy.(解释the news) 定语从句(修饰名词或代词)The news that he tole me is true 状语从句(修饰动词) 1.)时间.....I stayed home while ha was away.(说明呆家的时间) 2.)地点....You should put the book where it was.(说明放的位置) 3. 原因....He didn’t come because he was ill.(说明没来的原因) 4.)结果...He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch cup him(他跑得快 导致的结果) 5.) 目的...We left early so that we could catch the first train.(说明 我们早出发的目的) 6.) 条件...I will not lend the book to you unless you return it in

time.(说明我借书给你的前提条件) 7.)让步...(Although he may have told you, I still think she is not to be trusted.(说明就算退一步讲,我也不信任她) 8.)方式...You should do as I tell you.(说明你要做的方式) 9.)比较...The room is bigger than that one.(形容/副词的比较用法) 二、从句的连接词(根据从句类型来用) 1.名词性从句- 主语从句陈述句(that) 宾语从句-----根据从句类型一般疑问句(weather/if) 表语从句特殊疑问句(what/how/when/ 同位语...- where/why/who.)以宾从为例陈述句:He said that he could help me.(I can help you) 一般问句He asked weather/if I could help him.( Can you help me?)特殊问句:He asked what I was doing.( What are you doing? He asked how I did it?.( How did you do it?)

同位语从句讲解及习题

同位语从句讲解及习题 一、理解同位语从句的含义,把握同位语从句的实质 在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用that, whether,what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等词引导,常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词后面,说明该名词的具体内容。换言之,同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系,对其内容作进一步说明。 例:The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。 析:they had won the game说明The news的全部内容,因此该句为同位语从句。 二、正确运用同位语从句的引导词,准确把握同位语从句 1.如同位语从句意义完整,应用that引导同位语从句。(即that 不充当任何成分,只起连接作用,不可省略) 例:The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。 析:the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容,且意义完整,因此应用that引导同位语从句。 2.如同位语从句意义不完整,需增加"是否"的含义,应用whether引导同位语从句。(if不能引导同位语从句) 例:We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。 析:the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整,应加"是否"的含义才能表达the problem的全部内容,因此应用whether引导同位语从句。 3.如同位语从句意义不完整,需增加"什么时候"、"什么地点"、"什么方式"等含义,应用when, where, how等词引导同位语从句。 例1:I have no idea when he will be back. 析:he will be back意义不完整,应加"什么时候"的含义才能表达idea 的全部内容,因此应用when引导同位语从句。

(完整)初中英语语法状语从句讲解及练习附答案

初中英语语法专题讲座——状语从句 状语从句在复合句中作状语,修饰动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。 知识梳理:提纲挈领,抓住重点和难点! 各类状语从句连接词(短语)一览表: 时间 when, while, as, as soon as, since, until, after, before,as long as(长达……之久) 条件 If, unless,as/so long as(只要) 原因 As, because, since,as/so long as(既然,因为) 地点 Where 目的 So that(为了), in order that 结果 So that(方便), so…that,such…that 让步 though, although, even if, however 方式 As 比较than, (not)as…as, 时间状语从句: Whenever he comes, he brings a friend. 他每次来都带个朋友。 They all continued their regard for me as long as they lived. 他们毕生都在关心着我. 条件状语从句: As long as I am alive, I will go on studying. 只要我活着,我就要学习。 原因状语从句: Since we live near the sea, we enjoy nice weather.由于我们住在海边,能享受到好的天气。 地点状语从句: Put it where we can all see it.把它放在我们都能看到的位置。 目的状语从句: Finish this so that you can start another.把这个做完,(为了)你可以开始另一个。 结果状语从句: He was so angry that he couldn't say a word. 他气得说不出话了。 让步状语从句: Though he is in poor health, he works hard.虽然他身体不好,但是他工作很努力。

英语语法之定语从句(最新整理)

定语从句 1.1 定语从句的两个重要概念:先行词和关系词: 先行词:被定语从句所修饰的对象称为先行词。 关系词:重复指代先行词,起连接主句和从句的作用,并且在定语从句中充当一定成分的连接词称为关系词。关系词有两个作用: 1.代词的作用:重复指代先行词并且在定语从句中充当一定成分,比如I don’t like people who never keep their word.中的who指代people并且作从句的主语。 2.连接作用:即连接主句和从句,如上句who起着连接主句I don’t like people和从句who never keep their word 的作用 1.2 关系词在定语从句充当的成分 在上一节中,在谈到关系词的“代词作用”时,提到它“重复指代先行词并且在定语从句中充当一定的成分”。因此接下来的分析思路是,以关系词为出发点,从两个角度来谈定语从句:一是关系词在从句中所能充当的各种不同成分;二是关系词与先行词的对应关系,即不同的先行词要由不同的关系词来指代。 1.2.1 关系词用作从句的主语 1. I like guys and they have a good sense of humor. ↓ 2. I like guys w h o have a good sense of humor. 点睛:这里的关系词who取代and they,来引导定语从句who have a good sense of humor,修饰名词guys。这个guys就是先行词。 翻译:我喜欢有幽默感的男生。 3. Anger is a thief who steals away the nice moments. 翻译:愤怒就如同一个窃贼,盗取了我们的幸福时光。 4. He who is not handsome at twenty, nor strong at thirty, nor rich at forty, nor wise at fifty, will never be handsome, rich or wise. 翻译:一个人若在20岁时不俊美,30岁不健康,40岁不富有,50岁时不明智,那么他将永远不会拥有这些。 5. There is this difference between happiness and wisdom: the person who thinks himself the happiest man really is so ; but the person who thinks himself the wisest is generally the greatest fool. 翻译:幸福与智慧区别于此:认为自己是最幸福的,他真的就是最幸福的;而认为自己是最有智慧的,他却往往是最大的傻瓜。 6. Of course I am not talking about easy-come-easy-go friendship. I’m talking about friends who care deeply about each other, who support each other, who make life worth living. 翻译:当然了,我这里所说的的友谊不是那种“来的快去的也快”的泛泛之交,而是那种彼此之间能真正互相关心的朋友,就能够互相支持的朋友,能够让你的人生更有意义的朋友。 1.2.2 关系词用作从句动词的宾语(relative pronoun as object of verb) 关系词除了像上面讨论的在定语从句中作主语外,还可以在从句中作宾语。

2021届高中英语新高考语法基础版一轮复习讲义(30)表语从句知识点整理总结

2021届高中英语新高考语法基础版一轮复习讲义(30) 表语从句知识点整理总结 01 表语从句的概念和引导词 表语从句是指一个句子充当主系表结构中的表语而成的从句。它的构成和其他名词性从句一样。 和宾语从句、主语从句的类似,表语从句的引导词也分为如下三类: a. 陈述句做表语从句,用that引导。如: T h e p ro bl e m i s th a t t h e y do n't f o l l o w m y a d vi ce. 问题在于他们不听我的劝告。 注意:表语从句中的that不可以省略。 b. 一般疑问句做表语从句,一般用whether引导,不用if。如: The key is whether the boss will give us the chance to participate in the project. 关键是老板是是否会让我们参与这个项目。 c. 特殊疑问句做表语从句,用what/who等特殊疑问词引导。如: The problem is when we will receive the fund. 问题在于我们何时能收到这笔资金。 02 常见表语从句的句型

和主语从句类似,表语从句也有一些常见的结构化的句型,具体包括以下几类: a. 名词+is +表语从句。 这些名词有表示事实的truth, fact,表示观点的idea, advice, problem, question, thought, feeling, plan, suggestion等。如:The fact is that he is the best teacher in the entire school. 事实是,他是全校最好的老师。 The question is when the rescue team will arrive here. 问题是救援小组何时能到这里。 当然,名词这里也可以是主语从句。如: What I want to know is who will be elected as the monitor in the new term. 我想知道的是新学期谁会被当选为班长? 注意:当名词是suggestion/order/request等表示主张和建议时,表语从句要用should+do的虚拟语气,其中should可以省略。 b. It/This/That is because/why从句。 如: That is why he was sent to the mental hospital. 这就是他被送往精神病医院的原因。

相关文档
相关文档 最新文档