2014八年级下册Unit2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks知识讲解

Unit2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks

Section A

1. You could help clean up the city parks.你可以帮助打扫城市公园。

【解析1】help v →helpful

1). help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事。

2). help oneself （to ）自用（食物等）。

3). help sb. out 帮助某人克服困难，渡过难关、解决问题、完成工作。

4). with the help of 在……帮助下。

5). help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事。

6).Can’t help doing 情不自禁做....

—Mary is so ________ — she comes to you whenever you’re in trouble.

A. useful

B. careful

C. thankful

D. helpful

The woman ___all of her money to charities____ the poor.

A. gave off, to help

B. gave up, helping

C. gave away, to help

D. gave, helping

【解析2】clean up 把……打扫干净（v. + adv. clean up the table = clean the table up

If everyone pours less polluted water into Dianchi Lake, it will be _____.

A. deeper and deeper

B. cleaner and cleaner

C. dirtier and dirtier

D. wider and wider

2. The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up.

女孩可以去医院看望生病的孩子们，让他们振作起来。

【解析1】sick /ill ：

(1) sick adj.“生病的”，既可放be (系动词)后作表语，也可放n.前作定语。

be sick of …“讨厌；厌恶……”sick person = patient“病人”

(2) ill adj.“生病的”，只能放be (系动词)后作表语，be ill in hospital 生病住院

ill → illness n.“病；疾病”

①. You look very tired. You must be sick. (= ill)

②.He had a sick mother. 他有一位生病的母亲

①I think her (ill) is very serious. 我认为她的病是很严重。

( )② The ___ girl was sent to hospital by her mother yesterday.

A. sick

B. ill

C. good

D. well

【解析2】in the hospital 与in hospital

(1) in the hospital“在医院”指人在医院里，允许是在医院上班，允许是到医院看望病人等；

(2)in hospital “在医院；住院”指生病住院。

类似的短语有：

in the bed“在床上”，也许是蹲在床上或站在床上；in bed“在床上”指躺在床上Tom is ill and staying in bed.

—My grandfather was ill _____ last week. —I’m sorry to hear that.

A. in a hospital

B. in the hospital

C. in hospital

D. in hospitals

【解析3】cheer up 使振奋，使高兴的（v. +adv）

cheer sb. up =make sb. happy 使某人高兴cheer me up 使我高兴

( )①You could visit _____children in the hospital and _____them______.

A. ill, set, up

B. sick, clean, up

C. sick, cheer, up

( )②He looks sad .Let’s ___ him___.

A. cheer, up

B. put, up

C. set up

D. call, up

—He looks unhappy today. —Let’s .

A. cheer him up

B. help out him

C. look him after

D. argue with him

3. The boy could give out food at the food bank. 男孩可以在食物站分发食物

【解析】give out =hand out分发(v. +adv) hand out bananas

give out sth to sb. 分….给某人

【短语】：give in 屈服give back = return 归还give a speech 发表

give sb. a call 给……打电话

give away 赠送give away money to kids

give sb. a hand =help sb. 帮助某人

give up doing sth =stop doing sth放弃做某事give up smoking 放弃吸烟

give sb. sth = give sth to sb. 给某人某物

give me money 给我钱=give money to me 给我线

①You shouldn’t _____your hope. Everything will better.

A. give up

B. fix up

C. cheer up

D. put up

②We have raised some books. We’ll ___to the poor children.

A. put them up

B. give them away

C. give them away.

D. put out them

Many social workers went to Ya’an to help clean water and food to local people to reduce their pain from the earthquake.

A. put out

B. come out

C. work out

D. give out

4. We need to come up with a plan for the City Park Clean -up Day.

我们需要为城市公园清洁日想出一个计划。

【解析】come up with =think up 想出catch up with 赶上追上

【短语】：think about 考虑think of 想起think over 仔细考虑

【谚语】Think before you act. 三思而后行

【拓展】v+up with 构成的短语：

catch up with 赶上；追上keep up with 跟上；跟、保持联系

put up with 容忍；忍得住end up with 结束；以.......而结束

5. Oh , what did they ask you to help out with? 哦，他们让你帮助做些什么？

【解析】help out 帮助；帮助......出来help sb. out 使某人脱离困境

He ______ plenty of money to the people in the earthquake area ______.

A. put out, to work out well

B. handed out, help them out

C gave out, work out well D. gave away; to help them out

6.They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.

他们给我讲过去的故事，并告诉我过去事情是什么样子的。

【解析1】(1) use v.使用→useful adj. 有用的use up 用完

Studying English is_________(use).

(2) use sth to do sth 用某物做某事We use Internet __________(find) information.

(3) used to do sth 过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。

①My mother used_________（tell）us story when we were young.

( )②He used to ____short and ____ short hair when he was young.

A. have; be

B. be; have

C. be; be

D. have; have

(4) be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事

My grandpa is used ___________(live) in country.

(5) be used to do sth 被用来做某事=be used for doing sth

①Stamps is used ____________(post) letters.

( )②My brother used to _____ up late, but now he is used to ___ up early.

A. get ;get

B. getting; get

C. get; getting

D. getting; getting

( )③Keys are used ___ the door.

A. to open

B. to opening

C. open

D. opening

【记】He used to wear glasses . But now he is used to wearing contact lenses.

他以前常戴（框架）眼镜，但现在习惯戴隐形眼镜。

【2013湖北随州】33. –How does Jack usually go to work?

—He ______ drive a car, but now he ______ there to lose weight.

A. used to; is used to walk

B. was used to; is used to walking

C. was used to; is used to walk

D. used to; is used to walking

【2013四川雅安】20. My parents getting up early on weekdays

A. used to

B. be used to

C. was used to

D. are used to

【2013黑龙江龙东】30. She live with her grandparents , but she doesn’t now.

A. used to

B. is used to

C. was used to

【2013贵州安顺】18. She ____ live alone. But she _____ living alone because she feels lonely.

A. used to; doesn’t used to

B. is used to; was used to

C. used to; is not used to

D. was used to; doesn’t used to

7.That sounds interesting. 那听起来挺有趣。

【解析】sound (1)n声音We heard a strange sound.

【辨析】Sound/noise/voice

⑴sound(n.)指自然界中所有的声音，可指悦耳的声音也可指噪音。

⑵noise一般指很响的，刺耳的声音，即喧闹，嘈杂声等。

③voice指人通过发音器官发出的声音（包括说话，唱歌等）。

Mary has a beautiful voice. 玛丽的声音很美。

Don't make such a noise. 别这样大声喧哗。

— Did you hear any strange _____when the quake happened?

— No, I was in my garden with my flowers and was enjoying the beautiful

_____of my birds at that time.

A. voice; noise

B. noise; sound

C. whisper; sound

D. sound; voice

(2) vi.听起来，似乎，其后加表语（形容词，介词短语，名词）

—How does the music sound to you? 这音乐你听起来怎么样？

—It sounds beautiful. 它听起来很美。

—Do you know the song Gangnam Style?—Of course. It ________ interesting.

A. tastes

B. smells

C. sounds

D. feels

8.Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely.是的，很多老年人都很孤独。

【解析】alone / lonely 辨析：

(1)alone = by oneself adj. 单独的，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感情色彩。

He often walks alone to home .

(2)lonely①指人孤独的，寂寞的，强调主观感受；②也可指某个地方是荒凉的

( )①The old man lives ___，but he never feels ____.

A. alone ;lonely

B. lonely; alone

C. alone; alone

D. lonely; lonely

( )②My little sister is afraid to stay at home alone.

A. quietly

B. lonely

C. all the time

D. by herself

( ) ③He did the work all by himself.

A. already

B. together

C. alone

D. Lonely

【2011雅安】12. His grandparents live ____ in a small house, but they don’t feel _______.

A. lonely; alone

B. alone; lonely

C. lonely; lonely

D. alone; alone

【2012贵州安顺】22.His grandparents live ____ in a small house, but they don’t feel _____．A．lonely; alone B．alone; lonely C．lonely; lonely D．alone; alone

【2013 上海】67. My old neighbor Charles felt _______ after his children moved out.

A. lonely

B. safely

C. angrily

D. happily

9.We should listen to them and care for them . 我们应该倾听他们说话并且关心他们。

【解析】care for 照看；照顾；照料

Many students in our school _______ the old and they usually offer their seats to them on buses.

A. worry about

B. care for

C. agree with

D. take care

【拓展】care的短语总结

take care =be careful v.当心，小心take care of =look after v.照顾，照料，照看

take care of 处理，做完care for v.照顾，照看

Thanks for your invitation, but I’m so sorry I can’t go. I need to ______ my baby at home.

A. take away

B. take off

C. take care of

D. take out of

10. Mario Green and Mary Brown from Riverside High School give up several hours each week to help others. 来自河畔高中的马里奥。格林和玛丽每周都会花几个小时去帮助别人。

【解析1】give up 放弃give up doing sth=stop doing sth 放弃做某事

( ) I find it too difficult to learn English well. I want to drop it.

A. give up it

B. give it up

C. give away it

D. give it away

— It's too hard for me to be a trailwalker.— Never ________. Believe in yourself!

A. put up

B. give up

C. hurry up

D. look up

It was a difficult time for the quake－hit victims in Ya'an, but they didn't ________ hope. A. give up B. give off C. give in D. give out

Andrea Bocelli never , which makes him a successful singer.

A. takes away

B. gives away

C. gets up

D. gives up

Although many great people ever failed, they never____and managed to succeed.

A. set out

B. stayed up

C. kept on

D. gave up

The people in Ya'an have met lots of difficulties, but they haven’t __________hope.

A. picked up

B. given up

C. looked for

D. waited for

—Diaoyu Island belongs to China.—Surely it does! We Chinese will never it up.

A. cut

B. fix

C. give

D. set

【解析2】several 可作定语，表示“几个”： = a few

Several boys were injured. 有几个小伙子伤了。

My friend speaks several languages. 我的朋友能讲几种语言

11.He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.

他每周六早上在动物医院做志愿者。

【解析】volunteer v 志愿n 志愿者volunteer to do sth 志愿做某事

①Jack volunteered _________(carry) the water.

②They often ___________________(自愿去教) the children

12.But I want to learn more about how to care for animals...

但是我想学习更多的关于如何照顾动物的知识.

【解析】―疑问词+不定式‖作及物动词的宾语，

【记】：I don’t know what to do.I don’t’ know how to do it . I don’t know what to do with it. 【拓展】“特殊疑问词+ 不定式”与“wh –从句的转换。

转换时只需在疑问词后加主语（与主句主语一致），并将不定式改成“should +v原形“做谓语。

I don’t know how to solve the problem.= I don’t know how I should solve the problem.

①I don’t know what _________(bring) to the party.

②He wanted to know when_________(go).

—Which dress do you like best, Madam?—Sorry, I can’t decide _____ now.

A. to buy which one

B. buy which one

C. which one to buy

D. which I should buy it.

13.I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners’ faces. 当我看到动物们变得更好，并且它们的主人的脸上呈现喜悦之情时，我有一种很强烈的满足感。

【解析1】such

词条词性用法常用结构

such 形容词修饰名

词such a/an +形容词+可数名词单数

no/any/ some/ all/ many 等+such+名词

such+ 除many/few之外的形容词+可数名词复数such +除much/little之外的形容词+ 不可数名词

so 程度副词修饰形

容词或

副词so+ 形容词+a/an + 可数名词复数so+ many/few +可数名词复数

so+ much/little+不可数名词

【解析1】(1)so …that 如此…..以致……

―So +adj.+ that‖ “如此……以至……‖引导结果状语从句

so后面接形容词、副词

He was so strong that he could lift the heavy bag.

【记】名前such,形副so，多多少少（many, much, few, little）都用so。

【2011雅安】17. The girl is ____ a nice girl ____ we all want to help her.

A. such; that

B. too; to

C. so; that

D. very; that

Some word puzzles in this book are ____ difficult that ____ students can solve them.

A. such; few

B. such; little

C. so; few

D. so; little

【2012广东河源】The teacher speaks very loudly ____ all the students can hear her.

A. so that

B. because

C. since

D. when

He offered _____ valuable(有价值的）advice that ___ people disagreed.

A.such; a few

B. Such; few

C. So; a few

D. So; few

―I'm a singer‖ is ________ an interesting TV show ________ many people like watching it.

A. so; that

B. such; that

C. so; as

D. such; as

【解析2】get better 变得更好

14.She could read by herself at the age of four.

她在四岁的时候就能够独自阅读。

【解析】at the age of 在......岁的时候= when sb. was ... Years old.

【2013南京2】28. —Do you know Mu Yan?

—Of course, He won the 2012 Nobel Prize four Literature the age of 57.

A. in

B. at

C. on

D. to

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/fb14037549.html,st year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.

去年，她决定尝试在一个课后阅读项目中做一名志愿者。

【解析】try out 尝试；实验try v试图，设法，努力

【拓展】(1)try on 试穿

(2) try to do sth 努力做某事【侧重尽力做】

(3) try doing sth 试图做某事【侧重尝试做】

(4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事

①We should __________________(尽最大努力)to be happy in the future.

( )②We should try ___ much fruit.

A. eat

B. to eat

C. eating

D. eats

16.She still works there once a week to help kids learn to read.

她仍然每周在那里工作一次，帮助孩子们学习阅读。

【解析】once a week 一周一次

【拓展】once = one time一次twice= two times 两次

【注】：三次或三次以上用：“基数词+times‖

three times 三次four times 四次three or four times 三到四次

I chat with my friends online________________(一两次) a week.

【2013年北京】29.---____________do you go to the cinema?

---Once a month.

A. How long

B. How far

C. How often

D. How much

17...，but you can see in their eyes they’re going on a different journey with each

new book,......, 但是你能从他们的眼睛里看到他们正随着每本新书在进行不

同的旅行。

【解析】go on a journey = go on a trip去旅行

18.Volunteering here is a dream come true for me.

对于我来说，在这里做志愿工作使我梦想成真。

【解析】come true 实现

词条是否接宾语用法

achieve 是主语一般为“人”

come true 否主语一般是“梦想；理想”

①We want to see young people ___________(实现他们的梦想)。

②______________(实现) your dream through great effort is really cool.

【2013四川遂宁】27. If we Chinese work hard together. China Dream will ______ .

A. come out

B. come true

C. achieve

【拓展】与come相关的短语: come and go 来来回回

come from 来自come back 回来come out 出来come on 加油，快come in 进来come back 回来come over 顺便来访come true 实现come up with 想出

Scientists are trying their best to _______ ways to treat the terrible disease called H7N9.

A. come up with

B. look forward to

C. talk about

D. give up

【2013浙江丽水2】25. The great writer has written many stories for children. It is said that a new one will ______ at the end of this month.

A. go out

B. come out

C. look out

D. run out

19.I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time.

我不但可以做我自己喜欢的事，同时还可以帮助其他人。

【解析】at the same time 同时,

【2011上海】This novel can make you laugh and cry at ___ same time.

A.a

B.an

C.the

D. /

20.However,few people think about what they can do to help others.

然而，很少有人会考虑他们能做些什么来帮助他人。

【解析1】however 然而

【辨析】however和 but 二者都意为“可是，但是”；

⑴ but是并列名词，连接两个并列分句，上下二句在总的意义上构成了对比。

I really don't like cheese, but I will try just a little this time.

我实在是不喜欢吃奶酪，但是这次我要尝一点。

⑵ however不能直接连接两个分句，必须另起新句，并用逗号隔开。

It was raining hard. However, we went out to look for the boy.

雨下得很大，不过我们还是出去寻找那个孩子

【解析2】few 几乎没有

词条含义修饰的名词的数例句

few 几乎没有（表否定含义）可数名词复数They know few of us.

a few 一些（表肯定含义）He made a few mistakes.

little 几乎没有（表否定含义）不可数名词I spend very little on food.

a little 一些（表肯定含义）I know a little about the story

【注】 a few/ few

(1)a few, few 用来修饰可数名词。

(2)a few ―有一些‖，表示肯定概念，few 几乎没有，表示否定意义。

The man has been here for many years, so he has a few friends. 这个人在这里住了很多年了，他有一些朋友。

I am a new comer here, so I have few friends here. 我刚来到这里，所以我在这里没有几个朋友。

a little, little 用于修饰不可数名词

(1) a little ―有一些‖，表示肯定概念。

(2)little ―几乎没有‖，表示否定概念。

There is a little water in the glass.杯子里有一些水。

There is little water in the glass, so you can’t drink any.杯子里几乎没有水了，你不可能喝到水了。

— There used to be lots of fish in the lake.— Yes, but there are very __________ now.

A. few

B. fewer

C. little

D. Less

The girl in purple is new here, so ___ people know her.

A. few B .a few C .a little

21.There are many people who are less lucky than us .有很多没有我们幸运的人。

【解析】less 较少的；较次的

To live a green life, we should try to save ______ energy and produce_______ pollution.

A. more; less

B. less; more

C. more; fewer

D. most; least

The world’s population is growing _____and there is ____land and water for growing rice.

A. more; less

B. larger; fewer

C. larger; less

D. more; fewer

—Remember this , children . _______careful you are , _______mistakes you will make .

—We know , Mr. Li .

A. The more; the more

B.The fewer; the more

C. The more; the fewer

D. The less; the less

【注】less 可用在部分双音节和多音节形容词和副词前，构成形容词和副词的比较级。

—— How far is Yuhua Middle School from here? ——It’s around five minutes’ walk.

A. about

B. over

C. more than

D. less than

－Many boy students think math is ______ English. －I agree. I’m weak in English.

A. much difficult than

B. so difficult as

C. less difficult than

D. more difficult than

22.For example, we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. 例如，我们可以制定一些计划去看望医院生病的孩子们或者无家可归的人们筹钱。【解析1】for example

⑴for example“例如”，一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例，作插入语，

用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。

For example，he is a good student. 例如，他就是个好学生。

⑵ such as“例如”，用来列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。可以和and so on 连用。

Boys such as John and James are very friendly.像约翰和詹姆斯这样的男孩都很友好。

【解析2】raise （raised; raised) v 募集；征集

raise money for... “为......筹款”

【解析3】home n 家→homeless adj. 无家可归的

be home to … = be the home of sb. 成为…家园 a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩【2011宁夏】28. We have only one Earth. It's our common _____.

A. family

B. house

C. home

D. room

【拓展】由home构成的合成词homeland n 祖国hometown n 家乡homework 家庭作业homeless adj. 无家可归的home-made adj. 自制的

【2013河南】23 He was born in Italy, but he has made China his ____.

A. family

B. address

C. house

D. home

【同类记忆】careless 粗心的hopeless 没有希望的helpless 无助的useless 没有用的【短语集锦】on one’s way home 在某人回家的路上stay at home 呆在家里go home 回家at home 在家get home 到家

①You should do something to help ________(无家可归的)people.

②Mr. Li regards Ningxia as his second ___ because he has been here for over twenty years.

A. family

B. house

C. room

D. home

After the earthquake in Japan, we are trying to help the ______ people to rebuild their homes.

A. harmless

B. endless

C. useless

D. homeless

23.Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year to move to another country, like Africa, and help people there.

有些人甚至会停下自己的工作几个月到一年去其他的国家，像非洲，并且帮助那里的人们。【解析】stop doing

(1)stop doing sth 停止做某事Please stop speaking.请停止讲话

(2)stop to do sth 停下来去做另外一件事Please stop to talk.请停下来讲话

(3)stop sb. from doing sth =keep sb from doing sth=prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做

某事

(4)can’t stop doing sth 忍不住做……

Seeing their teacher ____ into the classroom, they stopped _____ at once.

A. walk; telling

B. entering; to speak

C. enter; to tell

D. walking; talking

39. —Dad, why must I stop computer games? —For your health, my boy.

A. play

B. to play

C. to playing

D. playing

Unit2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks

课文重难点讲解

Section B

1. I repaired it. 我把它修好了【解析】repair v―修理；修复‖

1)repair的对象范围很广，从房屋、道路、机器到日常生活必需品，是使受到一定损失或失灵的东西恢复其形状或功能。

Who has repaired the broken leg of the table? 谁把桌子的断腿修好了？

2) mend的意思是恢复某物原来的样子(包括用针、线来缝补)，一般指较小之物。

This shirt is too old to mend. 这件衣服太旧不能补了。

3)fix用于需要重新―调‖物体的结构，把松散的部件固定结实，将分离的物体各部分装配起

来。用于美国口语中，与repair无多大区别。

Can you fix the broken chair? 你能修理那把坏了的椅子吗?

2. I take after my mother. 我长的像我妈妈。

【解析】(1)take after =be similar to在（外貌、性格等方面）与（父母）相像

【短语】（v. +adv）

take back 收回，接回take down 写下take off 脱下；起飞

take care 小心take care of 照顾take up 占去（时间或空间）

take place 发生take out 拿出take away 拿走

(2)look like 只指在外貌上与…..相像

【短语】：look after 照顾look up 向上看，查找look for 寻找look out 小心( ) The girl _____ the woman. Maybe she is her daughter.

A. take care

B. takes after

C. takes off

D. look after

Tom ___ his father, because they both are cheerful and easygoing.

A. looks like

B. takes after

C. doesnt’ take after

D. isn’t like

3.I fixed it up. 我把它修理好了。

【解析】fix =mend=repair v 修理，修补★fix up=repair 修理(v. +adv)

( ) My watch doesn’t work .I wonder who can ____ for me.

A. fix up it

B. fix it up

C. mix it up

D. mix them up

【2013山东烟台】My bike is broken. Could you help me to ?

A. fix it up

B. set it up

C. make it up

D. put it up

4.I’m similar to her . 我和她很像.

【解析】similar adj. 相似的be similar to sb. 和某人很相似

( )①Mary is very similar ____her sister in appearance.

A. in

B. to

C. with

D. for

( )②Her sweater is ___ to my sister’s . They are the ____ color.

A. similar; same

B. similar; similar

C. same; same

D. same; similar

( )③The customs in Qingdao are___________（相似的）to those in Yantai.

( )④—Can you tell the differences between two pictures?

—Differences ? Oh , They look quite ___.

A. different

B.similar

C.stange

D.interesting

5. I gave it away. 我把它修理好了

【解析】give away 赠送；分发（奖品），捐赠

( ) —What are you doing, Uncle Wang?

—I am sorting out old books and I’ll ____ to kids in West China.

A. give them up

B. give them away

C. give them off

D. give them in

6. Andrea Bo celli never , which makes him a successful singer.

A. takes away

B. gives away

C. gets up

D. gives up

【拓展】与give相关的短语：

give off放出，释放give back归还，送回give out分发

give in屈服give up停止，放弃give sb. a call给……打电话

give a talk作报告give lessons to给…上课give sb. a hand助某人一臂之力

give a lecture (a piano concert)作讲座(举行钢琴音乐会)

give sb. a chance给……一次机会give sb. lessons给某人上课

give a message to……给……一个口信give a concert举办音乐会

give sb. sth. or give sth. to sb.给某人某物

return sth. to sb.= give sth. back to sb.把某物归还给某人

7. It was a difficult time for the quake－hit victims inYa'an, but they didn't ________ hope.

A. give up

B. give off

C. give in

D. give out

与away相关的短语：

get away from 逃离throw away扔掉go away 离去；出去

stay away (from)远离put away 放好run away 逃走

8. I’ll send you a photo of Lucky.

【解析】(1) a photo of sb. sb.为宾格，“某人的一张照片”，强调照片上的人就是他/她本人。

(2) a photo of sb’s. sb’s.为名词性物主代词或名词所有格，“某人的一张照片”，强调照片

上的人是sb.所拥有的。

( ) One of my friends is a policewoman, this is a photo of .

A. her

B. hers

C. she

D. his

(3) —Excuse me，look at the sign NO PHOTOS! —Sorry, I ________it.

A. don’t see

B. didn’t see

C. haven’t seen

D. won’t see

9. I’m sure you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me.

我肯定你知道这个组织的成立是为了帮助像我这样的残疾人。

【解析1】be sure (that) ...

⑴be sure＋of／about doing sth，―确信……‖；―对……有把握‖。

但在接名词时，be sure of侧重指主语对某抽象事物的确信无疑；

be sure about则侧重指主语对某具体事物的确信无疑。

I'm sure of his honesty．我肯定他是诚实的。

⑵be sure to do sth ，表示说话人对句子主语作出的判断，认为句子主语―必定‖、

―必然会‖、―准会‖如何如何。

It is sure to rain．天一定会下雨。

⑶be sure+宾语从句，表示主句主语对宾语从句中涉及的事物所作出的判断，

意为―确信某事一定会……‖。

We are sure he will make great progress this term．

我们确信他这学期一定会取得巨大进步

【拓展】make sure表示―弄确实；核实；查证‖。

make sure常用于祈使句，后面常接that宾语从句或of介词短语。

Make sure + that从句意为―弄明白；确信‖。

Make sure + of + 代词/名词，意思也是―弄明白；确信‖。

— Make sure of his coming before you set off. —出发之前要确定他是否来。

— I make sure (that) he would come. —我确信他会来。

【解析2】set up 建立；设立set up =establish =build建立（v. +adv）

【短语】：set off 出发set about doing sth 着手去做某事

（）①The primary school _____in 1995 with the hope of young people.

A. was set up

B. was put up

C. was found

( )②We have ____ some organizations to help the poor students in the western areas of China.

A. taken up

B. put up

C. picked up

D. set up

— When are you going to ______ for Shanghai?— Tomorrow morning.

A. get off

B. turn off

C. take off

D. set off

The company wants to ___ a school for the poor children.

A. Put off

B.set up

C.call in

D.look after

【解析3】disabled adj. 肢体有残疾的（既可以做表语,也可做定语）disabled people 残疾人Though he is __________(able) , Liu Wei made his dream – to be a pianist come true.

【加前缀dis- 构成的词】dislike 不喜欢disorder 无秩序dishonest 不诚实disappear 消失10.Lucky makes a big difference to my life.

“幸运”对我的生活产生了很大的影响。

【解析】makes a big difference 影响；有作用

【2013广西南宁3】The heavy snow didn’t ___ the international airlines.

A. pay attention to

B.add to

C. make a difference to

D.keep to

11.Or imagine you can’t walk or use your hands easily.

或者想象一下你不能走路或自如地使用你的手。

【解析】imagine + n/ ving/ pron v 想象

( ) —My mother can’t imagine ____ on line.—Many people don’t know how to do it.

A. shop

B. to shop

C. shopping

D. Shopped

The Internet is so closely connected with our daily life . Can you___ a life without it?

A. understand

B.imagine

C.consider

D.expect

12... But many people have these difficulties.

但是很多人有这些困难。

【解析】have difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难

—I have great ____ in finishing the work by myself. Could you help me?

—No problem.

A.fun

B.success

C.advice

D.difficulty

13.I love animals and I was excited about the idea of having a dog.

我热爱动物，并且为能拥有一只狗这个主意激动不已。

【解析】be excited about 对......感到激动

【解析1】excite→exciting/excited 兴奋的

①We are _____ about the ________news .(excite)

②—What _____ news! --Yes. We are all _____ about it.

A. exciting; exciting

B. excited; excited

C. exciting; excited

【2013四川遂宁】Everyone was ___ when they heard the ___ news.

A. exciting; exciting

B. excited ;exciting

C.exciting; excited

14.I was able to bring him home. 我可以把它带回家了。

【解析】be able to 能够

词条适用时态人称和数例句

be able to 用于各种时态有人称和数

的变化

I will be able to dress more casually.

can 用于现在时或

过去时（could）没有人称和

数的变化

I could swim at the age of seven.

=I was able to swim at the age of seven.

【2012贵州黔东南】Lucy could read story book at the age of four.

A.is able to

B.was able to

C.should

D.would

15.My dog’s name is Lucky---- a good name for him because I feel very lucky to have him. 我的狗的名字叫“幸运”——对于他来说是个好名字，因为有了他我感觉自己很幸运。【解析】be/ feel lucky to do sth 做某事感到很幸运。

【解析1】luck n.―幸运‖ → lucky adj.―幸运的‖ → luckily adv.―幸运地‖ → unlucky adj.―不幸的‖ → unluckily adv.―不幸地；不幸的是‖

【2012浙江湖州】The little girl was very _________(幸运的）to get a free ticket to Disneyland.

16. For example, I say, ―Lucky! Get my book,‖ and he does it at once.

例如，我说：“Lucky！把我的书拿来。‖它马上就照做。

【解析】(1)fetch v去拿来=get 去（某地）拿来（讲话者处）

(2)bring v带来从（某地）拿到（讲话者处）

bring up 养育，养大

bring sb. sth = bring sth to sb. 给某人带某物

（3）take v带来从（讲话者）拿走take→took →taken

【短语】take care 小心take charge of负责，看管take hold of 握住

take off 脱下take out 取出take a look 看一看take away 拿走

take exercise 做运动take it easy 不紧张take one’s time 从容不迫

( )①—Oh ,I’ve left my schoolbag in the classroom.—Don’t worry.I’ll ___it for you.

A. bring

B. get

C. carry

D. take

( ) ②The teacher told the students ____ any food into the classroom .

A. not to bring

B. not bring

C. don’t bring

D. to bring not

【2013山东枣庄】22.—How are you going to be a basketball player ?

—I every day.

A. am going to practice basketball

B. am going to study math

C. am going to take acting lessons

D. am going to study computer science

— Sam, my iPhone is in my bedroom. Could you _____ it for me?

— No problem.

A. bring

B. fetch

C. take

D. carry

—I’ve left my keys in the meeting room. Please ___them forme—All right.

A. buy

B. paint

C. wash

D. fetch

17.I’ll send you a photo of him if you like, and I could show you how he helps

me.如果你喜欢我会给你寄张他的照片，并且我会告诉你他是如何帮助我的。

【解析1】send→sent →sent v 发送

【短语】：send away 赶走send for 派人去请send off 寄出send out 分发

send up 发射send sb. sth = send sth to sb. 送给某人某物

【注】类似的动词有：show (展示；给……看) give (给) lend (借出)

offer（提供）return （归还）tell （告诉）

( ) ①You fill in both parts of the form, then_____.

A. send up it

B. send for it

C. send it away

D. send it off

( ) ②Please send a photo of your family ____ me.

A. for

B. at

C. to

D. with

18. ---- Drunken drive is dangerous, isn’t it?

---- Yeah. That why drunken drivers _____ to prison even without causing accidents.

A. sent

B. are sent

C. send

D. are sending

【解析2】if 果引导真实条件状语从句从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。

Please hold on to your dream ______ one day it comes true.

A. if

B. until

C. unless

D. though

The children will climb the hill if it___________ tomorrow.

A. won't rain

B. didn't rain

C. isn't raining

D. doesn't rain

If Nancy ______ the exam, she will go to Australia for English study.

A. pass

B. passed

C. passes

D. will pass

19. Thank you again for changing my life. 再次感谢你改变了我的生活。

【解析1】Thank sb. for +n/ pron/ ving 为……而感谢某人。

—You study so hard that you’re sure to pass the exam.—Thank you for ___ so.

A. say

B. to say

C. saying

D. said

_____ her husband，she has now become a famous film star.

A. Because

B. Thanks to

C. Thanks for

D. With the help

change v 改变；变化change one’s life 改变某人的生活change... Into... (把......）变成

【2013河南中考】If you want to change the world, you have to ___ yourself first.

A.enjoy

B.check

C.help

D.change

【单元语法】

一、短语动词分类：

1.动词+介词

ask for 请求belong to 属于look at 看

look after 照顾learn from 向…学习remind of 提醒take after 与…相像2.动词+ 副词

take away 拿走wake up 醒来put off 推迟give out 分发think over 考虑end up 结束3.动词+ 副词+ 介词

come up with 提出，想出run out of 用完

get along with 与…相处do well in 擅长look forward to 期望

4.动词+ 名词+ 介词

take part in 参加make use of 利用pay attention to 注意take care of 照顾

5.系动词+ 形容词+ 介词

be strict with 对……要求严格be mad at 对…..恼火be full of 充满

二、短语动词的用法：

1.以介词结尾的短语动词，后面接名词，代词，动名词作其宾语，该名词，代词或动名词必须放在介词的后面。

think of 想起look after 照顾look for 寻找agree with 同意ask for 请求

2.“动词+副词”结构的短语动词后可解名词，代词或动名词作宾语。

（1）接名词时，可以放在短语中间，或短语之后

（2）接代词时，代词只能放在动词或副词之间

put on 穿上put off 脱下put up 挂起give up 放弃give away 捐赠hand out 分发wake up 叫醒

Exercise：

1．It’s time for CCTV news. Let’s _______ the TV and watch it.

A. turn on

B. get on

C. try on

D. put on

2. Andrea Bocelli never , which makes him a successful singer.

A. takes away

B. gives away

C. gets up

D. gives up

3. —Would you mind ______ the music a little? Don’t you think it’s too loud?

—Sorry! I’ll do it in a minute.

A. turning on

B. turning off

C. turning up

D. turning down

4.—How do you like Li Yundi?—A cool guy! His music ______ really beautiful.

A. tastes

B. sounds

C. smells

D. looks

5. Can you help me to _______ my dog when I leave for HongKong?

A. look after

B. look for

C. look at

D. look through

6. It ______ me about 10 days ______ painting the walls.

A.took; to finish

B. cost; finishing

C. took; finishing

D. spent; to finish

7.Many students in our school _______ the old and they usually offer their seats to them on

buses.

A. worry about

B. care for

C. agree with

D. take care

8. Tom, it’s cold outside. _______ your coat when you go out.

A. Take off

B. Put on

C. Put away

D. Take away

9. A student in Fudan University was killed by his roommate just because of small things in daily

life. It is important for students to learn how to ________ each other.

A. get on with

B. come over to

C. stay away from

10. If you want to buy this dress , you 'd better ____ first to make sure it fits you .

A. pay for it.

B. take it off.

C. tidy it up .

D. try it on..

Unit 2 I ’ll help to clean up the city parks.

一、重点短语

1. Clean-Up Day 清洁日

2. an old people’s home 养老院

3. help out with sth. 帮助解决困难

4. used to 曾经… … ；过去_

5. care for 关心;照顾

6. the look of joy 快乐的表情

7. at the age of 在......岁时8clean up 打扫(或清除)干净

9. cheer up (使)变得更高兴;振雀10. give out 分发;散发

11. come up with 想出；提出12. make a plan 制订计划

13. make some notices 做些公告牌14. try out 试用;试行

15. work for 为…工作；为…. 效力16. put up 建造;举起;张贴

17. hand out 分发;散发;发给18. call up 打电话;召集

19. put off 推迟;延迟20. for example 比如；例如

21. raise money 筹钱;募捐22. take after 与......相像;像

23. give away 赠送;捐赠24. fix up 修理;修补;解决

25. be similar to 与……相似26. set up 建立;设立

27. disabled people 残疾人28. make a difference 影响;有作用

29. be able to 能够30. after-school reading program课外阅读项目

二、重点句型

1. The boy could give out food at the food bank.

这个男孩可以在食品救济站分发食物。

2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.清洁日离现在仅仅两周的时间。

3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.

每周六上午，他都在一'家动物医院当志愿者。

4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.

去年，她决定去参加一个课外阅读项目的志愿者的选拔。

5. . . . you can see in their eyes that the y? re going on a different journey with each new book. ……从他们的眼睛里你可以看到他们正在进行每本不同的新书之旅。

6. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.

我想把我在动物医院工作的计划推迟到明年夏天。

7.Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of

money.现在的大部分人只是为找一份能挣许多钱的好工作而着急。

8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.

在你的帮助下，我才有可能拥有―幸运儿‖。

Unit 2 I’ll help clean up the city parks测试题

一、单项选择。

（）1.The child looked sad. Let’s cheer him up.

A. happy

B. make him happier

C. shouted

D. give a help

（）2.We’re going to set up a project to help hungry people.

A. start

B. give up

C. get up

D. turn up

（）3.They need to come up with some ideas.

A. think about

B. have

C. think up

D. think over

（）4. I’d like to help the kids do their schoolwork.

A. help……doing

B. help……with

C. give a help

D. give a hand

（）5. When he grows up ,he wants to be a doctor for animals.

A. great man

B. vet

C. good doctor

D. kind of animal

（）6.The teacher gave out the books to the students.

A. gave up

B. gave back

C. handed out

D. gave in

（）7.Don’t give up hope. I’m sure things will get better.

A. stop having

B. put down

C. start

D. fall

（）8.He came up with a good plan which we all agreed to.

A. thought over

B. thought more of

C. thought up

D. thought about （）9.We are no longer students. We should find a job.

A. never

B. still

C. not…any more

D. not…any longer

（）10.He is repairing the TV set.

A. mend

B. fixed

C. fixing up

D. mended

（）11.—Where would you like to work?—.

A. School work

B. Bike

C. A food bank

D. Repair bikes

（）12. Could you help the city parks? They’re dirty.

A. clean up

B. set up

C. cheer up

D. use up

（）13.I’m very busy. I’d like to kids their school work.

A. help, to

B. helping, with

C. help, with

D. helping, to

（）14.—We need to a plan.—Let’s ha ve lunch first.

A. come up

B. come up with

C. catch up

D. catch up with

（）15.—What do you like doing?—I love .

A. playing the football

B. playing football

C. play football

D. play the football （）16.—What is she doing?—She is Jim.

A. Calling up

B. call

C. callings

D. call up

（）17.The volunteer work each of them several hours a week.

A. will send

B. will take

C. will pay

D. will cast

（）18.She to be a vet when she school.

A. want, left

B. will want, leaves

C. wants, leaves

D. will want, will leave （）19.Jim spends every Sunday morning in an animal hospital.

A. working

B. looking

C. reading

D. walking

（）20. A little girl sang a lot of songs to them up.

A. clean

B. cheers

C. cheer

D. cleans

（）21. a volunteer is great.

A. Being

B. Be

C. To

D. To being

（）22. The three students set up a food bank.

A. plans to

B. will plan to

C. will plan

D. plan

（）23. Don’t the meeting. Because it’s important.

A. put off

B. put away

C. put on

D. put up

（）24.—What is Jim doing?—He is the bike.

A. repair

B. repairing

C. repaired

D. repairs

（）25. Jim is very sad. Because he has money.

A. ran out

B. ran out of

C. run out of

D. run out （）26.H e looks sad. Let’s cheer him.

A. up

B. in

C. out

D. at

（）27. Tony could help the city parks.

A. clean

B. clean up

C. clean out

D. cleans up

（）28. I like to help kids with their school work.

A. could

B. will

C. should

D. would

（）29. of them likes to play basketball.

A. Each

B. Everyone

C. Every

D. Both

（）30.Not only I but also he helpful to others.

A. am

B. is

C. are

D. be

（）31.—I’m sorry to keep you waiting.—Oh, not at all.

I here for only a few minutes.

A. was

B. is

C. have been

D. had been

（）32.I first met Joe three years ago. He at a CD shop at that time.

A. will work

B. is working

C. has worked

D. was working

（）33.Now I spend time what I have to do.

A. to do

B. doing

C. do

D. did

（）34.Amy the windows already, so the room looks much brighter.

A. cleans

B. has cleaned

C. is cleaning

D. will clean

（）35. The zoo is far away from my hotel. It me at least two hours to get there.

A. took

B. has take

C. takes

D. will take

（）36.She doesn’t have any more of it.

A. takes after

B. looks out

C. runs out of

D. gives away

（）37.Have you fixed them up?

A. repair

B. repairs

C. repairing

D. repaired

（）38. They take after me.

A. be similar to

B. is similar to

C. be similar with

D. are similar to （）39.Could you put up the pictures on the wall?

A. hang

B. take

C. give

D. bring

（）40. Did you think up a good idea?

A. set up

B. cheer up

C. come up with

D. ran out of

（）42. He likes out along the river with his wife on weekends.

A. hang

B. hung

C. hanging

D. hunging

（）43. I stopped to Lucy when I walked and saw her.

A. talking

B. to talk

C. talks

D. talked

（）44.She came up with a good idea making money.

A. in

B. to

C. of

D. for

（）45.Please tell me what happened you.

A. on

B. to

C. in

D. of

（）46.Flowers always .

A. cheers up a room

B. cheer a room up

C. cheers a room up

D. cheered a room up （）47.I’m reading now .Pleas e tell him the TV a bit.

A. turn up

B. turn off

C. to turn down

D. turn down

（）48.His money already last month.

A. run out of

B. run out

C. ran out of

D. ran out

（）49. There are some things for children. Let’s .

A. give away them

B. gave away them

C. give them away

D. gave them away

（）50.—Who’s the kid?—I don’t know. He doesn’t .

A. take after anyone

B. take after someone

C. take anyone after

D. take someone after

（）51.I didn’t see you these days. Where did you?

A. hang out

B. hung out

C. hanged out

D. hung after

（）52. Li Lei decided .

A. to not stay with his parents

B. not to stay with his parents

C. staying with his parents

D. not staying with his parents

（）53. Keeping healthy is more important than .

A. to be angry

B. be angry

C. being angry

D. are angry

（）54. It is the best way the small problems.

A. deal with

B. dealing with

C. to deal with

D. to deal

（）55. Have you been angry your best friend?

A. to

B. for

C. in

D. with

（）56.Mother is ill. I have to look after it.

A. look up

B. look over

C. take care of

D. look around

（）57. There are a lot of apples on the tree.

A. some

B. many

C. much

D. few

（）58.They tried and in the end they won the game.

A. at first

B. at last

C. at the beginning

D. at once

（）59. I called Jim just now, but nobody answered.

A. saw

B. visited

C. told

D. phoned

（）60.When I reached the station , the train had already left.

A. went back to

B. got to

C. left

D. returned to

二、阅读下面短文，根据所给语境，按要求完成下列各题。

（C）

1970 Was World Conservation（保护）Year. The United Nations wanted everyone to know that the world was in danger. They hoped something could be done.

Here is one example of the problem. At one time there were 1,300 kinds of plants, trees and flowers in Holland（荷兰）,but now only 866 are left. The others have been destroyed（毁灭）by modern people and their science. We are polluting earth, air, water and everything around us. We can’t live without these things. If things go on like this, we shall destroy ourselves.

What will happen in the future? Perhaps it’s more important to ask ―What must we do?‖ More and more young people have known this. Many of them are helping to save our earth. For example, they plant trees. In a small town in the United States a large group of girls cleaned the banks of 11 kilometres of their river. Young people may hear about conversation through a song called―No one’s going to change our world‖. It was made by Cliff Gichard and other singers.

The money from it will help to conserve tigers, elephants and pandas on the earth.

根据短文内容选择最佳答案。

（）1.The United Nations hoped something could be done .

A. to conserve the world

B. to change the world

C. to develop the world

D. to destroy the world

（）2.Why aren’t there so many plants, trees and flowers in Holland now ?Because .

A. people there didn’t need so many plants, trees and flowers.

B. people there want to destroy themselves

C. little conservation has been done there

D. people need more land to live on

（）3.How many kinds of plants, trees and flowers have been destroyed in Holland?

A. 1300

B.988

C.3166

D.434

（）4.We shall destroy ourselves if we go on .

A. Planting trees and flowers

B. polluting earth, air and water around us

C. saving the world

D. helping to conserve tigers, elephants and pandas

（）5.What must we do now according to the passage?

A. Save the world

B. Clean the banks of river

C. Sing songs

D. Get money

（D）

Tanzania（坦桑尼亚）is a country which has a lot of animals, such as gnus（角马）,lions , cheetahs（猎豹）,elephants, giraffes, crocodiles and so on. Every year, many people in the world travel to this African country to watch the animals closely. But do you know how they travel?

By bus—This is the most common way. When people get on a b us, they’ll find that the bus is a little strange. It is different from the buses we often see. There are no big windows at all, but some small windows. And it looks like a cage. What are they used for? Oh, people can use it to watch animals, especially those dangerous animals ,and take photos. We know that people are most interested in the lions. So when two buses meet , the drivers will stop and ask each other whether they have found lions.

By boat—We can often see many people are in a boat, enjoying the beautiful scene along a river of a lake, and they can also enjoy hippos（河马）and crocodiles from a nearer distance.

By hot balloon（热气球）—In the early morning, when the sun is beginning to rise, a large hot balloon is also starting its journey. Taking a hot balloon makes most of the travelers excited. After some time, the balloon will land in a certain place, and the waiters will serve people a delicious and special breakfast. But the cost of taking a hot balloon is also very high. A person should pay 400 dolla rs for an hour’s trip.

（）1. Which is the most common way of traveling in Tanzania?

A. By bus

B. By plane

C. By boat

D. By hot balloon

（）2.The bus is a little strange because .

A. it has no doors

B. it looks like a cage

C. people can take photos

D. it has no driver

（）3.If you want to watch hippos carefully, you’d better.

A. take a bus

B. take a hot balloon

C. be on a boat

D. swim in the river

（）4.Which one is not right?

A. Taking a hot balloon for a whole morning will cost 400 dollars.

B. Many people go to Tanzania for travelling.

C. Tanzania is an African country

D. The different traveling ways make people happy and they’ll have a good time.

（）5.Which one can be the best title?

A. The beautiful country－Tanzania

B. The ways of traveling in Tanzania

C. Why do we take a bus to travel?

D. Different animals in Tanzania

（E）

Of London’s estimated（估计）75,000 homeless people, a high percentage（百分率）are between the ages of seventeen and twenty-five. Every year in Britain, over 5,000 young people leave home. Most of these young people are over sixteen but some are even younger. Most of them are escaping（逃走、逃脱）from an unhappy home life but a few of them just want the bright lights of a big city and a chance to earn（赚、挣）some money.

When their money runs out, some start begging or busking（街头卖艺）to earn money. They start living on the streets and sleeping in doorways or in squats（蹲踞）. Many of them return home after a few months but the rest stay. Some say they prefer the freedom（自由）of the streets to life at home.

根据短文内容选择最佳答案。

（）1.Most young people are when they leave home.

A. more than fourteen

B. over fifteen

C. over sixteen

D. seventeen

（）2.Every year in England, more than young people leave home.

A. 50

B. 500

C. 5000

D. 50000

（）3.They leave home because .

A. they don’t have a happy home life

B. they want the bright light in the cities

C. they want to make much money

D. all the above three answers

（）4.After a few months many of the young people .

A. start begging

B. live on the streets

C. sleep in doorways

D. have to return home

（）5. The rest of these young people don’t go home because they like better than life at home.

A. the freedom

B. the city

C. the lights

D. the money

三、你愿意帮助他人吗？如果你有机会成为志愿者，你愿意做什么工作呢？为什么？根据以上要求，写一篇短文，字数在50左右。

参考答案

笔试部分

一、1－5 BACBB6－10 CACDC11－15 CACBB16－20 ABCAC21－25 ABABC

26－30 ABDAB31－35 CDBBD36－40 CDDAC41－45 BCBDB46－50 BCDCA

51－55 ABCCD56－60 CBBDB

二、A）1.用这种方法，让种子在开始生长前，在阴湿的地方埋藏几个月。

2.这种方法有助于树苗在种植时，大小基本一致。

3.Then they (the children) watered and watched the trees carefully.

4.The children spent only 90 minutes planting all the trees.

B）1－5 CBBBC

C）1－5 ACDBA

D）1－5 ABCAB

E）1－5 CCDDA

三、One possible version（仅供参考）

I like helping people who need help. I enjoy singing very much. So, if I have a chance to

volunteer, I’d like to be a teacher to teach children many songs that I like. I love children. Looking at their sweet smile is so happy. And I think it’s also my honor to ma ke others happier. If I am a volunteer, I will be a great one.

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300分以上26人 八（一）班：玉坎香394分，玉地温384分，玉烟班365分，岩香坎365分，岩坎甩340分，玉坎胆333分，玉罗帕309分，岩丙罗301分。 八（二）班：岩三坎362分，玉约书356分，玉光布345分，玉中腊339分，玉甩光338分，岩在丙312分，玉应苏311分。 八（三）班：岩四应382分，玉叫涛310分。 八（四）班：玉香章389分，岩温约375分，李雨366分，岩温腊346分，玉章勐331分，岩的香330分。 八（五）班：玉叫南387分，岩胆英357分，岩三应357分。100分以下：八（一）班:5人。八(二)班：7人。八(三)班：5人。八(四)班：10人，八（五）班：4人。 从高分来看：一班，二班，四班突出。 从低分来看：四班，二班学困生更多。 其次：对其余三科从各分数段进行分析：

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