形容词讲义 adjectives

Adjectives

A. Definition

Adjectives are words that describe or modify another person or thing in the sentence.

B. Classification

1.Articles, Possessive Adjectives, Demonstrative Adjectives, Interrogative Adjectives, Indefinite

Adjectives, common adjectives

2. attributive/predicative: A-adjectives: A- Adjectives The most common of the so-called a- adjectives are ablaze, afloat, afraid, aghast, alert, alike, alive, alone, aloof, ashamed, asleep, averse, awake, aware. These adjectives will primarily show up as predicate adjectives (i.e., they come after a linking verb).

The children were ashamed.

The professor remained aloof.

The trees were ablaze.

Occasionally, however, you will find a- adjectives before the word they modify: the alert patient, the aloof physician. Most of them, when found before the word they modify, are themselves modified: the nearly awake student, the terribly alone scholar. And a- adjectives are sometimes modified by "very much": very much afraid, very much alone, very much ashamed, etc.

2.Adjective Clause/ Adjective Phrase. My sister, who is much older than I am, is an engineer.

3.Participle adjectives

4.limit/gradable

5.Proper Adjectives/ Collective Adjectives

C. Position of Adjectives

1. Unlike Adverbs, which often seem capable of popping up almost anywhere in a sentence, adjectives nearly always appear immediately before the noun or noun phrase that they modify. When indefinite pronouns —such as something, someone, anybody —are modified by an adjective, the adjective comes after the pronoun:

Anyone capable of doing something horrible to someone nice should be punished.

Something wicked this way comes.

2. And there are certain adjectives that, in combination with certain words, are always "postpositive" (coming after the thing they modify):

The president elect, heir apparent to the Glitzy fortune, lives in New York proper.

3.See, also, the note on a- adjectives, below, for the position of such words as "ablaze, aloof,

aghast."

4. Participles: 形容词化的程度，比如interesting；意义的区分，比如standing committee/man standing；从句的简缩，比如any inconvenience caused

D. Degrees of Adjectives

1. limit/gradable: exhausted, unique, perfect (absolutely, utterly, totally)

2. the positive, the comparative, the superlative

The inflected suffixes -er and -est suffice to form most comparatives and superlatives, although we need -ier and -iest when a two-syllable adjective ends in y (happier and happiest); otherwise we use more and most when an adjective has more than one syllable. Certain adjectives have irregular forms in the comparative and superlative degrees:

good better best bad worse worst little less least much many some more most far further furthest

3. fewer/less

Generally, when we're talking about countable things, we use the word fewer; when we're talking about measurable quantities that we cannot count, we use the word less. We do, however, use less when referring to statistical or numerical expressions:

It's less than twenty miles to Dallas.

He's less than six feet tall.

Your essay should be a thousand words or less.

We spent less than forty dollars on our trip.

The town spent less than four percent of its budget on snow removal.

E. The Order of Adjectives in a Series

The categories in the following table can be described as follows:

Determiners —articles and other limiters. See Determiners

Observation —postdeterminers and limiter adjectives (e.g., a real hero, a perfect idiot) and adjectives subject to subjective measure (e.g., beautiful, interesting)

Size and Shape —adjectives subject to objective measure (e.g., wealthy, large, round)

Age —adjectives denoting age (e.g., young, old, new, ancient)

Color —adjectives denoting color (e.g., red, black, pale)

Origin —denominal adjectives denoting source of noun (e.g., French, American, Canadian) Material —denominal adjectives denoting what something is made of (e.g., woolen, metallic, wooden)

Qualifier —final limiter, often regarded as part of the noun (e.g., rocking chair, hunting cabin, passenger car, book cover)

a beautiful old Italian touring car

an expensive antique silver mirror

four gorgeous long-

stemmed red silk roses

her short black hair

our big old English sheepdog

those square wooden hat boxes

that dilapidated little hunting cabin

several enormous young American basketball players

some delicious Thai food

Furthermore, when adjectives belong to the same class, they become what we call coordinated adjectives, and you will want to put a comma between them: the inexpensive, comfortable shoes. The rule for inserting the comma works this way: if you could have inserted a conjunction —and or but —between the two adjectives, use a comma.

F. Adjectival Opposites

1.antonyms: beautiful/ ugly

2. prefixes: fortunate/ unfortunate, prudent/ imprudent, considerate/ inconsiderate, alcoholic/nonalcoholic, being properly filed/misfiled. flammable and inflammable mean the same thing. Uncanny/canny, pertinent/impertinent, different/indifferent

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/fb14647599.html,bine it with less or least to create a comparison which points in the opposite direction.

Interesting shades of meaning and tone become available with this usage. It is kinder to say that "This is the least beautiful city in the state." than it is to say that "This is the ugliest city in

the state." (It also has a slightly different meaning.) A candidate for a job can still be worthy and yet be "less worthy of consideration" than another candidate.

G. formal informal (bright, luminous) ; appreciative, neutral, derogatory (aggressive)

H. what to describe? Eerie, freak, freakish, strange, eccentric, idiosyncratic, weird (of what)

广州小升初形容词副词

专题：形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 一、形容词、副词比较级和最高级的意义 英语中的形容词和副词，在句子里表示“比较……”、“最……”时，要用特别的形式，即：比较级和最高级。原来的形式称为原级。 如：long longer longest 原级比较级最高级 1．The black pen is very long. 黑色的钢笔很长。 2．The blue pen is longer than the black one. 蓝色的钢笔比黑色的长。 3．The red pen is the longest of the three. 红色的钢笔是三支中最长的。 二、形容词、副词比较级的用法 表示两者间的比较用比较级。其常见句式有： 1．“A + be +形容词比较级+ than + B”意思为“A比B更……”。 如：This tree is taller than that one. 这棵树比那棵树高。 注意： ①在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。 ②在比较级前面使用much，表示程度程度“强得多”。 如：A watermelon is much bigger than an apple. ③very, quite一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。 2．“become + 形容词比较级+ and + 形容词比较级”是“变得越来越……”的意思，and连接同一个形容词的比较级。 如：It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。 注：表示“越来越……”时，若比较级是“原级+ er”构成的，则常用“比较级+ and + 比较级”形式；若比较级是“more + 原级”构成的，需用“more and more + 原级形式”。 如：Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. 我们的学校变得越来越美丽。 3．在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。 如：Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高，Tim还是Tom? 三、形容词、副词的最高级的用法 形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示“最……”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如：of the three, in our class等等。 如： He is the tallest in our class. 他在我们班里是最高的。

形容词和副词讲义

形容词和副词 (一)形容词的基本功能及其在句子中的位置 说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态，常用来修饰名词或不定代词的词叫形容词。 1．形容词作定语，放在名词之前，不定代词之后。 e.g.The beautiful girl is my sister.那个漂亮的女孩是我的妹妹。 I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。 2．作表语，放在系动词之后。 e.g.Our school is big and clean.我们的学校又大又干净。 I felt terrible this morning.我今天早上感到不舒服。 3．作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后。 e.g.You must keep your eyes closed.你必须闭上眼睛。 I find it hard to travel around the big city.我发现在这个大城市旅行很难。 4．某些形容词放在定冠词之后，变成名词，表示一类人。常见词有good/bad，rich/poor，young/old，deaf/blind，black/white，living/dead等。 e.g.The rich should help the poor.富人应该帮助穷人。 The young should be polite to the old.年轻人应该对老年人有礼貌。 (二)形容词比较等级的构成：原级、比较级和最高级 规则变化

不规则变化

注意：不规则变化的比较级和最高级要背熟。 (三)形容词原级用法 1．说明人或事物自身的特征、性质和状态时用形容词原级。 e.g.The flowers in the garden are beautiful.这花园里的花很美。 2．有表示绝对概念的副词very，so，too，enough，quite等修饰时用形容词原级。 e.g.The boy is too young.这男孩太小了。 Math is very difficult.数学很难。 3．表示A与B在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。 （1）肯定句中的结构：“A…+as+形容词原级+as+B” e.g.English is as interesting as Chinese.英语和语文一样有趣。 Xiao Ming is as tall as Jim.小明和吉姆一样高。 （2）否定句中的结构：“A…+as/so+形容词原级+as+B” e.g.This book isn’t as new as that one.这本书不如那本书新。 I am not so careful as Lucy.我没有露西仔细。 （3）表示“A是B的……倍”时，用“A…+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”结构。(一次：once，两次：twice，三次以上：数字+times) e.g.Our school is three times as big as theirs.我们学校是他们学校的三倍。 This table is twice as long as that one.这张桌子是那张桌子的两倍长。 (四)形容词比较级用法

初中英语形容词和副词讲义

讲义3 ：形容词 一、形容词的定义： 表示人或事物的属性,特征或状态的词叫形容词(Adjective).形容词修饰名词,它的基本用法就是为名词提供更多的信息,它分为性质形容词和叙述形容词两类. 二、形容词的位置 1、单个形容词修饰名词时,一般要放在名词的前面，做定语。它们的前面常常带有冠词、形容词性物主代词、指示代词、数词等。 例如:a red flower一朵红花this interesting story这个有趣的故事 six blind men 六个盲人my own house我自己的房子 形容词修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词时,形容词放在名词后面。 | 例如：I have something important to tell you. Is there anything interesting in the film. 三、形容词和副词的等级变化 大多数形容词和副词有三个级：原级（即原形）、比较级和最高级。 1 一般在词末尾加er变比较级，加est变最高级。 strong —stronger -strongest small--smaller--smallest hard→harder →hardest fast→faster →fastest

2 如果以e结尾，只加r 或st。 《 nice--nicer--nicest fine--finer--finest 3 以重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加er或est。 sad--sadder-- saddest big--bigger--biggest hot--hotter --hottest 4 以辅音字母加y结尾的词，把y变成i，再加er或est。 angry--angrier-angriest early→earlier →earliest hungry-hungrier-hungriest 5、但是，开放类副词即形容词加ly结尾变成的副词加more或most.如 quickly →more quickly →most quickly quietly →more quietly →most quietly slowly—more slowly—most slowly · ［注］：early中的ly不是后缀，故把y变i再加er和est 6、大部分双音节和所有多音节词都在其前面加more变比较级，加most变最高级 different -more different -most different

小升初英语 形容词,副词

小升初英语形容词、副词（一） 复习 一、 WherewhatwhosewhenwhyhowWho 1.______________book is it?It’s mine. 2._____________is the Christmas Day?It’s on the December 25th. 3._____________is the pen?It’s under the desk. 4.____________is the dress? It’s blue. 5._____________is the boy in green?He’s Mike. 6._____________day is it today?It’s Monday. 7.______________color do you like best?Red. 8._______________is your sister?He’s 15 years old. 9._______________is this yellow one?It’s beautiful. 10._______________are you late for class?I am sick. 11._________________is the pen?---Ten yuan. 12.________________boys? ---Three boys.选词填空 whichwhat colorhow oldHow muchHow many 二、对划线部分提问 1.This is a photo. _________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________

语文 短语

（一）什么是短语 词和词组合起来，构成短语（也称词组）。“吃”是一个动词，“米饭”是一个词，它们组成“吃米饭”，就成了短语。 前边说过，汉语的组合是依靠语序和虚词来完成的，短语也不例外。也就是说，词和词组可以按照一定的语序或依靠一定的虚词组合成短语。 例如： 提醒幸福心中的鹰 挖荠菜天上的街市 斑羚飞渡阿长与《山海经》 驿路梨花我的信念 这两组短语中，左边的一组都是依靠语序直接组合的，右边一组都是借助虚词组合而成的。 词和词组和起来构成短语，这些词就成了短语的成分。短语的组成成分主要有主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语和中心语。这些成分我们将随着各种不同类型的短语分别加以介绍。需要说明的是，我们下边提到的各种短语，一般以两个词组合而成的简单短语为例。 （二）短语的类型 从结构关系看，短语可以分为主谓短语、偏正短语、动宾短语、后补短语、并列短语、介宾短语、的字短语等。下边分别介绍这几种短语。 1、主谓短语 主谓短语是由两个表示被陈述与陈述关系的的词组成的短语，其中表示被陈述的对象是主语，用来陈述的是谓语。主语一般由名词，代词充当，谓语一般由动词、形容词充当。 例如： 老师讲课脸红 他讲话心情好 小明走她聪明 电话响桃花红 大家唱歌我们高兴 2、偏正短语 偏正短语是由名词、动词或形容词与它们前头的起修饰作用的成分组成短语，其中名词、动词、形容词是中心语，修饰名词的成分是定语，修饰动词、形容词的成分是状语。定语、状语与中心语的关系，是偏和正的关系。 例如： 我的老师恭敬地鞠躬 清晰的字迹小心地翻阅 一个顾客完全相信 可爱的人更加坚强 可贵的精神多么漂亮 左边的一组都是由定语合中心语组成的偏正短语，右边的一组都是由状语和中心语组成的偏正短语。

形容词副词讲义

形容词副词 定义:中文的意思是“……的”的词是形容词,用来修饰名词; 中文意思是“……地”的词是副词，用来修饰动词、形容词或副词 形容词 与副词 在句中的位置 形容词 形容词的比较级 在句中的位置 名词所有格 副词的比较级 形容词副词的转换 考点清单 练习： 练习 ① Ｉｔ ｉs ａ __＿_(ｓun ） d ａy. ② It is a _＿__＿（rain ） day. ③ I th ｉnk yo ｕ are ａ _____（luck) g ｉrl. ④ Ｔhe teach ｅr sai ｄ he had ___＿_to tell us. A ． an ｙｔhing ｉmp ｏr ｔan ｔ B. im ｐortant ａnything Ｃ. something imp ｏｒta ｎt D. importan ｔ s ｏmet ｈing ⑤ Ｌｏok !Ｊａck ｉs ____(excite ，exci ｔe ｄ) . ⑥ Ｉ fe ｅl ＿_＿_(happy ） ever ｙ d ａy. ⑦ Th ｅ ｂab ｙ is s ｌeeping ,p ｌeas ｅ ke ｅｐ_＿____（quiet,qu ｉｅtly) 考点二:形容词的比较级

（1）在形容词词尾加上“er”“ｅst”构成比较级、最高级: ｂright（明亮的）—brｉｇｈｔer—bｒightesｔbroad（广阔的）—brｏａdeｒ—broaｄesｔｃheap（便宜的）—cｈeａper—ｃheapｅst cｌeaｎ(干净的)—cleaｎer—cleaｎest cleveｒ（聪明的）—ｃｌeverer—cｌeｖｅrest coｌｄ(寒冷的)—coldｅr—coｌdest coｏl（凉的)—ｃooler—coｏleｓt dark（黑暗的）—ｄaｒker—dａrkest deａｒ（贵的)—deaｒeｒ—deareｓｔdｅep(深的)—ｄeeｐｅr—deeｐeｓt ｆasｔ(迅速的）—ｆaster—fastesｔｆew（少的）—fｅwer—ｆewｅst greaｔ（伟大的）—greateｒ—greatest hａrd(困难的，硬的)—harｄer—haｒdｅｓt higｈ(高的)—higｈeｒ—higｈesｔkind(善良的）—kｉnder—ｋｉndeｓt light（轻的)—lighteｒ—lightest ｌong（长的）—loｎgｅr—longｅst loud(响亮的)—ｌｏｕｄer—loudest lｏw(低的）—loｗeｒ—lowest near（近的）—neaｒer—ｎｅarｅst new(新的)—neｗer—nｅwest ｐooｒ(穷的)—ｐoorer—poｏreｓt ｑuｉck(快的）—quｉｃｋeｒ—quicｋeｓt ｑｕｉｅt（安静的)—quietｅｒ—quietｅsｔricｈ（富裕的）—riｃheｒ—richｅst shｏｒt（短的）—shorteｒ—ｓhorｔeｓt ｓｌow（慢的)—slｏwer—slowest sｍaｌl(小的)—smａlｌer—smallｅst sｍarｔ（聪明的)—sｍarｔer—smａrｔｅst soft(柔软的）—sｏfter—sｏftesｔstｒoｎg（强壮的)—stronｇer—strongest sweeｔ（甜的）—sweeter—swｅeｔeｓt tａll(高的)-tａｌｌｅr-tallesｔ thicｋ(厚的)—thicker—tｈickｅｓt ｗaｒm(温暖的）—warmer—ｗarmest weak（弱的)—weａker—ｗeａkeｓt yｏuｎｇ(年轻的）—yｏｕｎger—younｇeｓt (２）．双写最后一个字母,再加上“ｅr”“est”构成比较级、最高级： big（大的)—ｂigger—bigｇesｔfａt(胖的）—ｆａtteｒ—ｆａttest hｏt（热的)—ｈottｅｒ—hotteｓｔred(红的)—redｄer—ｒeddｅst sad(伤心的）—ｓaｄｄｅｒ—saddeｓt tｈin(瘦的）—ｔhinｎｅr—thiｎnest ｗeｔ(湿的)—wettｅr—ｗｅtｔeｓt ｍａｄ（疯的）—ｍａｄder—madｄesｔ （3）.以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词，加上“r”“st”构成比较级、最高级: aｂｌｅ(能干的)—ａｂleｒ—ablｅｓｔbｒave（勇敢的)—bｒaver—bravesｔclose（接近的)—closｅr—cｌosｅst ｆine(好的,完美的）—finｅr—finｅｓt

(完整)小升初英语系列-形容词和副词

形容词和副词讲义及演练 一．形容词 1.修饰名词，描述其性质、品质、特征等的词。一般“…的”的词都是形容词。 如：She is a beautiful girl. (漂亮的) 2.在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语。 如：I have an interesting book. (interesting有趣的，修饰book，在句中作定语) We are happy today. (happy快乐的，在句中作表语) Students should keep their classroom clean and tidy.(clean干净的，tidy整洁的，在 句中都作宾语补足语) 3.多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时的排列顺序 限定词+外观类+形状+年龄+颜色+国籍+材料+名词（简记：县官行令色国才） 如：a tall 17-year-old black American boy. 一个17岁的高个子黑皮肤美国男孩。 the big round red wooden table. 又大又圆的红色木质饭桌。 二．副词： 1.通常修饰动词，表示动作的程度、方式等。还可修饰形容词、副词，有时修饰整个句 子，在句中作状语。一般“…地”的词都是副词。 如：You must listen to the teacher carefully.(仔细地，认真地) 2.副词的分类 1) 时间副词: now, today等 2）频度副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 2) 地点副词：here, there, upstairs, downstairs等 3) 方式副词：carefully, fast, well, politely等 4) 程度副词: much, little, quite等 5) 疑问副词: how, when, where, why等 三．形容词转化成副词 1.一般在形容词后加ly, 如：quick-quickly 2.以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，变y为i, 加ly, 如：happy-happily 3.以ue 结尾的形容词，去e加ly, 如：true-truly 注：有些词兼有形容词和副词的词性，如：fast, hard, high, late, far等，它们的词性只有通过具体语境来判断。另外，有些以ly结尾的词不是副词，而是形容词，如：friendly, lovely lonely, lively等。 四．形容词和副词的比较级、最高级构成 1.比较级：两者之间进行比较时形容词和副词的变化形式，如tall-taller, well-better 2.最高级：三者或三者以上进行比较时形容词和副词的变化形式，如long-longest 3.比较级和最高级的变化规则： 规则变化（单音节和少数双音节）： a.在词尾直接加-er/est, 如：short-shorter-shortest b.词尾是e，只加-r/st, 如：nice-nicer-nicest c.以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i 再加-er/est, 如：happy-happier-happiest d.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，再加-er/est, 如：big-bigger-biggest e.其他双音节词和多音节词，其前加more/most, 如：more/most delicious 不规则变化：如下表（简记为：好、坏、多、少、远）

部编教材语文七年级下册短语类型及训练

资料编号： 短语结构类型 一、并列短语 词和词之间没有轻重主次之分，彼此地位平等。 １.类型 ⑴名＋名 文化教育今天或明天（名词短语） ⑵动＋动 调查研究愿意并实行（动词短语） ⑶形＋形 光辉灿烂庄严肃穆（形容词 短语） ⑷代＋代我和他这样那样 （名词短语） ⑸数量＋数量四面八 方千秋万代 三斤五两（名词短语） 2.并列短语一般前后可以互换位 置。 例如：工厂农村我你 他 但有些并列短语是不能前后颠倒位 置的，因为它有一定次序。 ⑴时间顺序：春、夏、秋、 冬 ⑵大小顺序：省、市、县 ⑶年龄顺序：老、中、青 ⑷逻辑顺序：继承和发 展接近文学和爱好文学 ⑸语言习惯：男女老少金 银铜铁油盐酱醋 3.并列短语一般要求词性相同， 但个别也有不同。 例如：姐姐和我（名词＋代词） 勤劳勇敢不怕苦（形＋形＋ 代） 二、偏正短语 １.前偏后正：“偏”修饰、限制 “正”。 ⑴定＋中（名、代），如： （祖国）大地（一朵）茶花（前 进）的步伐 ⑵状＋中（动、形），如：[很] 好看[独立]思考[慢慢]地走 ２.旧语法：“的”是定语的标志； “地”是状语的标志。新语法：统 一为“的”。 三、动宾短语 动宾之间是支配与被支配、关涉 与被关涉的关系。动词＋宾语。宾 语是回答动词“谁”、“什么”、 “哪儿”的。

例如：消灭敌人放下包袱丢下它发展生产进行斗争 骗取信任恢复平静爱热闹下决心有幽默感像珍珠 四、述补短语 A、动+补 动补短语中的补语不能回答动词“谁”、“什么”“哪儿”。 例如： 看清楚、去一趟、拿起来、引在脑子里、跑得快、走的急五、形补短语 B、形+补 以形容词为中心时它的后面只有补 语，因为形容词不能带宾语。 结构助词“得”是补语的标志。 例如：机灵得很密得不透 气漂亮极了 六、主谓短语 陈述与被陈述的关系。名词（代词） +动词（形容词） 主语可以回答谓语“谁”、“什么”； 谓语可以回答主语“怎么样” 结构形式：A名+动B名+ 形C代+动D代+形 例如： 觉悟提高思想解放阳光灿烂 心情舒畅 特殊主谓短语：名词做谓语。 例如： 今天星期三明天国庆节 他中等身材 七、复指短语 两部分组成，语法地位一样，所指 内容相同，意义上有复指关系，结 构上是同位关系，在句中做同一成 分。 例如： 首都北京厂长老王华罗庚教 授他自己咱们学生母子二 人 鲁迅先生美丽这个词春秋两 季封建统治阶级棗地主我们 每一个人 复指短语都是名词性的，中间一般 不能加入虚词；加后意义有变化。 例如： 我们渔民，我们的渔民。一些复 制短语中间可以加入指量短语，如： 我们渔民，我们这些渔民。 八、方位短语 由名词或动词加上方位词组成，表

形容词副词讲义(精选.)

形容词副词 定义：中文的意思是“……的”的词是形容词，用来修饰名词； 中文意思是“……地”的词是副词，用来修饰动词、形容词或副词形容词 与副词在句中的位置 形容词 形容词的比较级 在句中的位置 名词所有格 副词的比较级 形容词副词的转换 考点清单 练习： 练习 ①It is a ____(sun) day. ②It is a _____(rain) day. ③I think you are a _____(luck) girl. ④The teacher said he had _____to tell us. A. anything important B. important anything C. something important D. important something ⑤Look !Jack is ____(excite,excited) . ⑥I feel ____(happy) every day. ⑦The baby is sleeping ,please keep______(quiet,quietly) 考点二：形容词的比较级

（1）在形容词词尾加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级： bright（明亮的）—brighter—brightest broad（广阔的）—broader—broadest cheap（便宜的）—cheaper—cheapest clean（干净的）—cleaner—cleanest clever（聪明的）—cleverer—cleverest cold（寒冷的）—colder—coldest cool（凉的）—cooler—coolest dark（黑暗的）—darker—darkest dear（贵的）—dearer—dearest deep（深的）—deeper—deepest fast（迅速的）—faster—fastest few（少的）—fewer—fewest great（伟大的）—greater—greatest hard（困难的，硬的）—harder—hardest high（高的）—higher—highest kind（善良的）—kinder—kindest light（轻的）—lighter—lightest long（长的）—longer—longest loud（响亮的）—louder—loudest low（低的）—lower—lowest near（近的）—nearer—nearest new（新的）—newer—newest poor（穷的）—poorer—poorest quick（快的）—quicker—quickest quiet（安静的）—quieter—quietest rich（富裕的）—richer—richest short（短的）—shorter—shortest slow（慢的）—slower—slowest small（小的）—smaller—smallest smart（聪明的）—smarter—smartest soft（柔软的）—softer—softest strong（强壮的）—stronger—strongest sweet（甜的）—sweeter—sweetest tall（高的）-taller-tallest thick（厚的）—thicker—thickest warm（温暖的）—warmer—warmest weak（弱的）—weaker—weakest young（年轻的）—younger—youngest （2）.双写最后一个字母，再加上“er”“est”构成比较级、最高级： big（大的）—bigger—biggest fat（胖的）—fatter—fattest hot（热的）—hotter—hottest red（红的）—redder—reddest sad（伤心的）—sadder—saddest thin（瘦的）—thinner—thinnest wet（湿的）—wetter—wettest mad（疯的）—madder—maddest （3）.以不发音的字母e结尾的形容词，加上“r”“st”构成比较级、最高级： able（能干的）—abler—ablest brave（勇敢的）—braver—bravest close（接近的）—closer—closest fine（好的，完美的）—finer—finest large（巨大的）—larger—largest late（迟的）—later—latest nice（好的）—nicer—nicest ripe（成熟的）—riper—ripest rude（粗鲁的）—ruder—rudest safe（安全的）—safer—safest

小升初形容词副词

小升初形容词副词Revised on November 25, 2020

形容词和副词 一．形容词 1.修饰名词，描述其性质、品质、特征等的词。一般“…的”的词都是形容词。 如：She is a beautiful girl. (漂亮的) 2.在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语。 如：I have an interesting book. (interesting有趣的，修饰book，在句中作定语) We are happy today. (happy快乐的，在句中作表语) Students should keep their classroom clean and tidy.(clean干净的，tidy整洁的， 在句中都作宾语补足语) 3.多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时的排列顺序 限定词+外观类+形状+年龄+颜色+国籍+材料+名词（简记：县官行令色国才） 如：a tall 17-year-old black American boy. 一个17岁的高个子黑皮肤美国男孩。 the big round red wooden table. 又大又圆的红色木质饭桌。 二．副词： 1.通常修饰动词，表示动作的程度、方式等。还可修饰形容词、副词，有时修饰整个 句子，在句中作状语。一般“…地”的词都是副词。 如：You must listen to the teacher carefully.(仔细地，认真地) 2.副词的分类 1) 时间副词: now, today等 2）频度副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 2) 地点副词：here, there, upstairs, downstairs等 3) 方式副词：carefully, fast, well, politely等 4) 程度副词: much, little, quite等

语法填空 形容词和副词的比较级 学生讲义

形容词和副词的比较级 01. As we all know,the Yellow River is the second _______ river in China, but which is the longest? A. long B. longer C. longest D. length 02. Which subject do you like _______, physics or chemistry? A. more B. best C. most D. better 03. Of all the boys I know, I think Tom sings the song “Yesterday Once More” _______. A. better B. most best C. best D. very well 04. The Summer Palace is one of the _______ beautiful parks in Beijing, as is known to all. A. more B. most C. better D. best 05. He drives much ________ than he did three years ago, when he often drove after drinking. A. careful B. more careful C. carefully D. more carefully 06. --- Do you have a big library in your school? --- N o, we don’t----at least, not _____ yours. A. as bigger as B. so big as C. as big than D. big than 07. --- John did badly in the sports meet. --- I did _________. A. much well B. even worse C. more badly D. even better 08. Can we do our work better with ______ money and ______ people? A. less; less B. less; fewer C. fewer; fewer D. fewer; less 09. It’s no secret that Tom is cleverer than _______ students in his class. A. every one of the B. all the C. any of the other D. many more 10. --- She has been ill since last week. How is she now? r --- She thinks she is feeling ______ today than before. A. more worse B. more better C. much serious D. even worse 11. --- Have you bought a new bicycle? --- Yes. In fact my bicycle is the same _________. A. with yours B. as yours C. as you D. with you 12. That was ______ weather we had ever had in the past ten years. A. worst B. the worse C. the worst D. worse 13. --- Would you like to join us in playing basketball? --- Sorry, but I’m no t __________ as any of you. A. so a good player B. so good a player C. a so good player D. such good a player 14. I don’t think English is _______ a language as Russian, whatever you think. A. difficult as B. as difficult C. such difficult D. more difficult 15. Among us Zhang Hong swims ______, which is no secret at all. A. the fastest B. the most fast C. much faster D. so fast 16. He made the ______ spelling and grammar mistakes in the dictation听写. A. less B. least C. fewer D. fewest 17. Have you ever seen _______ as this one? No, never before. A. a tree as tall B. a such tall tree C. so a tall tree D. a so tall tree 18. Lungjiang tea and Wuyi tea are both famous, but which do you think tastes ______? A. well B. good C. better D. best 19. If we had followed his plan, we could have done the work better with _____ money and ____ people. A. little; fewer B. little; few C. less; fewer D. less; few 20. Jimmy is the oldest boy and is taller than _______ boy in the class. A. the other B. any other C. each D. all 21. The horse is getting older and older and cannot run _______ it did. A. as faster as B. so fast like C. such fast as D. as fast as 22. John has three sisters and Mary is said to be the _______ of the three. A. most cleverest B. more clever C. cleverest D. cleverer 23. ______ writer is _____ known in China, Charles Dickens or Mark Twain? A. Which; better B. What; better C. Which; more D. What; better 24. He had never spent a _______ day. A. more worry B. most worrying C. more worrying D. most worried 25. As is known to all, the______ the temperature is, the_______ water turns into steam. A. high; fast B. higher; faster C. high; faster D. higher; fast 26. This year they have produced _______ furniture _______ they did last year. A. as less; as B. as few; as C. less; than D. fewer; than 27. If we had followed his plan, we could have done the job better with _____ money and____ people. A. less; less B. fewer; fewer C. less; fewer D. fewer; less 28. After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced ________cars in 1988 as the year before. A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as 29. The pianos in the other shop will be ______, but _______. A. cheaper; not as better B. more cheaper; not as better C. cheaper; not as good D. more cheap; not as good 30. As we all know, Canada is larger than ______ country in Asia and North America.

(完整)小升初形容词副词

形容词和副词 一．形容词 1.修饰名词，描述其性质、品质、特征等的词。一般“…的”的词都是形容词。 如：She is a beautiful girl. (漂亮的) 2.在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语。 如：I have an interesting book. (interesting有趣的，修饰book，在句中作定语) We are happy today. (happy快乐的，在句中作表语) Students should keep their classroom clean and tidy.(clean干净的，tidy整洁的，在句中都作宾 语补足语) 3.多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时的排列顺序 限定词+外观类+形状+年龄+颜色+国籍+材料+名词（简记：县官行令色国才） 如：a tall 17-year-old black American boy. 一个17岁的高个子黑皮肤美国男孩。 the big round red wooden table. 又大又圆的红色木质饭桌。 二．副词： 1.通常修饰动词，表示动作的程度、方式等。还可修饰形容词、副词，有时修饰整个句子，在句中 作状语。一般“…地”的词都是副词。 如：You must listen to the teacher carefully.(仔细地，认真地) 2.副词的分类 1) 时间副词: now, today等 2）频度副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 2) 地点副词：here, there, upstairs, downstairs等 3) 方式副词：carefully, fast, well, politely等 4) 程度副词: much, little, quite等 5) 疑问副词: how, when, where, why等 三．形容词转化成副词 1.一般在形容词后加ly, 如：quick-quickly 2.以辅音字母+y结尾的形容词，变y为i, 加ly, 如：happy-happily 3.以ue 结尾的形容词，去e加ly, 如：true-truly 注：有些词兼有形容词和副词的词性，如：fast, hard, high, late, far等，它们的词性只有通过具体语境来判断。另外，有些以ly结尾的词不是副词，而是形容词，如：friendly, lovely lonely, lively等。四．形容词和副词的比较级、最高级构成

新中考 语文 短语训练及答案

一、中考语文专项练习：短语 1．下列各项对语法知识的判断与分析正确的一项是（） A. “快乐固然兴奋，苦痛又何尝不美丽？”句中“快乐”“苦痛”在此均是形容词。 B. 短语“高雅气质”“美丽人生”“高兴地笑”与“精神的宁静”的结构不全相同。 C. “我在房间里读书。”“在”是连词。 D. “东市买骏马，西市买鞍鞯，南市买辔头，北市买长鞭。”此句运用排比和互文的修辞手法，写出了木兰出征前紧张地购买战马和乘马用具的情形。 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】A项，在此句中，“快乐”和“苦痛”是名词，不是形容词。 B项，短语“高雅气质”“美丽人生”“高兴地笑”与“精神的宁静”都是偏正短语。 C项，“我在房间里读书”中的“在”是表存现的动词，不是“连词”。 D.正确。 故答案为：D 【点评】本题考查的是语法知识的理解和辨析能力。考生要对选项逐项审读，仔细辨析，要求考生在平时的学习中掌握基本的语法知识，并且要会运用。 2．下面句子中词语、短语性质判断正确的一项是（） A. 天气那么暖和，那么晴朗！（连词） B. 画眉在树林边婉转地唱歌。（动词） C. 在以后的岁月中，地球常常在我脑海中就变得透明了。（补充短语） D. 它是万花中的一朵，也正是一朵一朵花，组成了万花灿烂的流动的瀑布。（动宾短语）【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】C正确，“变得透明”是补充短语。A.“那么”是代词，B.“婉转”是形容词，D.“流动的瀑布”的偏正短语。 故答案为：C 【点评】本题考查对词性和短语类型的掌握和辨析，答题时应注意，要准确把握词语的类型和短语的类型，准确判断，仔细辨析正误。 3．下列短语结构类型相同的一项是（） A. 爱莲说十拿九稳开卷有益鸟语花香 B. 伤仲永相当迅速最后一课安塞腰鼓 C. 游子归目光犀利范进中举斑羚飞渡 D. 谈读书热爱生命休息一会关爱自己 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】A项，十拿九稳和鸟语花香（并列短语），开卷有益（后补短语）。 B项，伤仲永（动宾短语），最后一课（偏正短语），安塞腰鼓（主谓短语）。 D项，谈读书、热爱生命和关爱自己（动宾短语），休息一会（后补短语）。 C项都是主谓短语。