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Appendix C Classified Textures

Appendix C

Classi?ed Textures

C.1Open ended classi?cation of texture

In Section8.6we used a set of100VisTex texture mosaics,courtesy of Computer Vi-sion Group at the University Bonn[49],to test our open ended texture classi?cation algorithm for various con?gurations of our nonparametric and strong nonparametric MRF models.The summary of these tests appear in Table8.1.In the table,the percentage error for each model was calculated be combining the relative percentage error for false negatives with the relative percentage error for false positives.This meant,best results were achieved by the models which where able to classify cor-rectly all the texture within the mosaics as being either the training texture class or another separate class.The percentage error was taken relative to the area of the classi?cation region,which made the error rate independent of the respective areas for each classi?cation region.

Best classi?cation results were obtained for the strong MRF model with a3×3 neighbourhood,pairwise cliques,and a multigrid height of one(i.e.,two grid levels). This model achieved a classi?cation accuracy of87%over100of VisTex texture mosaics.In Figs.C.1–C.32we present the probability maps obtained from some of those experiments with this particular model.

391

392APPENDIX C.CLASSIFIED TEXTURES

(a)Bonn mosaic02(b)woodgrain-1.1.9prob.map

(c)grass-1.5.7prob.map(d)woolencloth-1.1.5prob.map(e)sand-1.5.4prob.map

(f)woodgrain-1.2.9prob.map(g)Combined prob.map Figure C.1:Open ended texture classi?cation of Bonn mosaic02:(a)original512×512image;(b–f)probability maps with respect to a128×128image of training texture;(b)probability map with respect to training texture woodgrain-1.1.9;(c) probability map with respect to training texture grass-1.5.7;(d)probability map with respect to training texture woolencloth-1.1.5;(e)probability map with respect to training texture sand-1.5.4;(f)probability map with respect to training texture woodgrain-1.2.9;(g)combined probability map.

C.1.OPEN ENDED CLASSIFICATION OF TEXTURE393

(a)Bonn mosaic03(b)Metal.0000prob.map

(c)Leaves.0012prob.map(d)woodgrain-1.2.9prob.map(e)ra?a-1.1.10prob.map

(f)beachsand-1.2.7prob.map(g)Combined prob.map Figure C.2:Open ended texture classi?cation of Bonn mosaic03:(a)original 512×512image;(b–f)probability maps with respect to a128×128image of training texture;(b)probability map with respect to training texture Metal.0000;

(c)probability map with respect to training texture Leaves.0012;(d)probability map with respect to training texture woodgrain-1.2.9;(e)probability map with re-spect to training texture ra?a-1.1.10;(f)probability map with respect to training texture beachsand-1.2.7;(g)combined probability map.

394APPENDIX C.CLASSIFIED TEXTURES

(a)Bonn mosaic07(b)ra?a-1.2.10prob.map

(c)woolencloth-1.1.5prob.map(d)hexholes-1.5.2prob.map(e)Water.0001prob.map

(f)image38prob.map(g)Combined prob.map Figure C.3:Open ended texture classi?cation of Bonn mosaic07:(a)original 512×512image;(b–f)probability maps with respect to a128×128image of training texture;(b)probability map with respect to training texture ra?a-1.2.10;

(c)probability map with respect to training texture woolencloth-1.1.5;(d)proba-bility map with respect to training texture hexholes-1.5.2;(e)probability map with respect to training texture Water.0001;(f)probability map with respect to training texture image38;(g)combined probability map.

C.1.OPEN ENDED CLASSIFICATION OF TEXTURE395

(a)Bonn mosaic10(b)ra?a-1.2.10prob.map

(c)gravel-1.5.5prob.map(d)sand-1.5.4prob.map(e)Fabric.0015prob.map

(f)image38prob.map(g)Combined prob.map Figure C.4:Open ended texture classi?cation of Bonn mosaic10:(a)original 512×512image;(b–f)probability maps with respect to a128×128image of training texture;(b)probability map with respect to training texture ra?a-1.2.10;

(c)probability map with respect to training texture gravel-1.5.5;(d)probability map with respect to training texture sand-1.5.4;(e)probability map with respect to training texture Fabric.0015;(f)probability map with respect to training texture image38;(g)combined probability map.

396APPENDIX C.CLASSIFIED TEXTURES

(a)Bonn mosaic11(b)ra?a-1.1.10prob.map

(c)sand-1.5.4prob.map(d)ra?a-1.2.10prob.map(e)Stone.0005prob.map

(f)Leaves.0013prob.map(g)Combined prob.map Figure C.5:Open ended texture classi?cation of Bonn mosaic11:(a)original 512×512image;(b–f)probability maps with respect to a128×128image of training texture;(b)probability map with respect to training texture ra?a-1.1.10;

(c)probability map with respect to training texture sand-1.5.4;(d)probability map with respect to training texture ra?a-1.2.10;(e)probability map with respect to training texture Stone.0005;(f)probability map with respect to training texture Leaves.0013;(g)combined probability map.

C.1.OPEN ENDED CLASSIFICATION OF TEXTURE397

(a)Bonn mosaic13(b)cal?eath-1.2.6prob.map

(c)pigskin-1.2.11prob.map(d)Fabric.0015prob.map(e)beachsand-1.2.7prob.map

(f)cal?eath-1.1.6prob.map(g)Combined prob.map Figure C.6:Open ended texture classi?cation of Bonn mosaic13:(a)original 512×512image;(b–f)probability maps with respect to a128×128image of train-ing texture;(b)probability map with respect to training texture cal?eath-1.2.6;

(c)probability map with respect to training texture pigskin-1.2.11;(d)probability map with respect to training texture Fabric.0015;(e)probability map with respect to training texture beachsand-1.2.7;(f)probability map with respect to training texture cal?eath-1.1.6;(g)combined probability map.

398APPENDIX C.CLASSIFIED TEXTURES

(a)Bonn mosaic15(b)woolencloth-1.1.5prob.map

(c)Misc.0000prob.map(d)Metal.0000prob.map(e)sand-1.5.4prob.map

(f)Fabric.0017prob.map(g)Combined prob.map Figure C.7:Open ended texture classi?cation of Bonn mosaic15:(a)original512×512image;(b–f)probability maps with respect to a128×128image of training texture;(b)probability map with respect to training texture woolencloth-1.1.5;(c) probability map with respect to training texture Misc.0000;(d)probability map with respect to training texture Metal.0000;(e)probability map with respect to training texture sand-1.5.4;(f)probability map with respect to training texture Fabric.0017;

(g)combined probability map.

C.1.OPEN ENDED CLASSIFICATION OF TEXTURE399

(a)Bonn mosaic20(b)Food.0000prob.map

(c)hexholes-1.5.2prob.map(d)Water.0001prob.map(e)image38prob.map

(f)sand-1.5.4prob.map(g)Combined prob.map Figure C.8:Open ended texture classi?cation of Bonn mosaic20:(a)original 512×512image;(b–f)probability maps with respect to a128×128image of training texture;(b)probability map with respect to training texture Food.0000;

(c)probability map with respect to training texture hexholes-1.5.2;(d)probability map with respect to training texture Water.0001;(e)probability map with respect to training texture image38;(f)probability map with respect to training texture sand-1.5.4;(g)combined probability map.

400APPENDIX C.CLASSIFIED TEXTURES

(a)Bonn mosaic21(b)woodgrain-1.2.9prob.map

(c)Water.0006prob.map(d)plasticbubs-1.1.13prob.map(e)roughwall-1.5.3prob.map

(f)woolencloth-1.2.5prob.map(g)Combined prob.map Figure C.9:Open ended texture classi?cation of Bonn mosaic21:(a)original512×512image;(b–f)probability maps with respect to a128×128image of training texture;(b)probability map with respect to training texture woodgrain-1.2.9;(c) probability map with respect to training texture Water.0006;(d)probability map with respect to training texture plasticbubs-1.1.13;(e)probability map with respect to training texture roughwall-1.5.3;(f)probability map with respect to training texture woolencloth-1.2.5;(g)combined probability map.

C.1.OPEN ENDED CLASSIFICATION OF TEXTURE401

(a)Bonn mosaic27(b)image38prob.map

(c)pigskin-1.2.11prob.map(d)Stone.0005prob.map(e)woodgrain-1.1.9prob.map

(f)Leaves.0012prob.map(g)Combined prob.map Figure C.10:Open ended texture classi?cation of Bonn mosaic27:(a)original 512×512image;(b–f)probability maps with respect to a128×128image of training texture;(b)probability map with respect to training texture image38;(c)probability map with respect to training texture pigskin-1.2.11;(d)probability map with respect to training texture Stone.0005;(e)probability map with respect to training texture woodgrain-1.1.9;(f)probability map with respect to training texture Leaves.0012;

(g)combined probability map.

402APPENDIX C.CLASSIFIED TEXTURES

(a)Bonn mosaic30(b)pigskin-1.2.11prob.map

(c)woodgrain-1.2.9prob.map(d)ra?a-1.2.10prob.map(e)Water.0006prob.map

(f)Water.0001prob.map(g)Combined prob.map Figure C.11:Open ended texture classi?cation of Bonn mosaic30:(a)original 512×512image;(b–f)probability maps with respect to a128×128image of training texture;(b)probability map with respect to training texture pigskin-1.2.11;

(c)probability map with respect to training texture woodgrain-1.2.9;(d)probability map with respect to training texture ra?a-1.2.10;(e)probability map with respect to training texture Water.0006;(f)probability map with respect to training texture Water.0001;(g)combined probability map.

C.1.OPEN ENDED CLASSIFICATION OF TEXTURE403

(a)Bonn mosaic31(b)water-1.1.8prob.map

(c)pigskin-1.1.11prob.map(d)woodgrain-1.1.9prob.map(e)Water.0001prob.map

(f)Fabric.0000prob.map(g)Combined prob.map Figure C.12:Open ended texture classi?cation of Bonn mosaic31:(a)original 512×512image;(b–f)probability maps with respect to a128×128image of training texture;(b)probability map with respect to training texture water-1.1.8;

(c)probability map with respect to training texture pigskin-1.1.11;(d)probability map with respect to training texture woodgrain-1.1.9;(e)probability map with respect to training texture Water.0001;(f)probability map with respect to training texture Fabric.0000;(g)combined probability map.

404APPENDIX C.CLASSIFIED TEXTURES

(a)Bonn mosaic33(b)Leaves.0003prob.map

(c)Metal.0000prob.map(d)woolencloth-1.1.5prob.map(e)water-1.1.8prob.map

(f)woodgrain-1.2.9prob.map(g)Combined prob.map Figure C.13:Open ended texture classi?cation of Bonn mosaic33:(a)original 512×512image;(b–f)probability maps with respect to a128×128image of training texture;(b)probability map with respect to training texture Leaves.0003;

(c)probability map with respect to training texture Metal.0000;(d)probability map with respect to training texture woolencloth-1.1.5;(e)probability map with respect to training texture water-1.1.8;(f)probability map with respect to training texture woodgrain-1.2.9;(g)combined probability map.

C.1.OPEN ENDED CLASSIFICATION OF TEXTURE405

(a)Bonn mosaic37(b)roughwall-1.5.3prob.map

(c)woodgrain-1.2.9prob.map(d)pigskin-1.2.11prob.map(e)Fabric.0007prob.map

(f)Fabric.0004prob.map(g)Combined prob.map Figure C.14:Open ended texture classi?cation of Bonn mosaic37:(a)original 512×512image;(b–f)probability maps with respect to a128×128image of training texture;(b)probability map with respect to training texture roughwall-1.5.3;(c)probability map with respect to training texture woodgrain-1.2.9;(d) probability map with respect to training texture pigskin-1.2.11;(e)probability map with respect to training texture Fabric.0007;(f)probability map with respect to training texture Fabric.0004;(g)combined probability map.

406APPENDIX C.CLASSIFIED TEXTURES

(a)Bonn mosaic39(b)ra?a-1.1.10prob.map

(c)Metal.0000prob.map(d)water-1.2.8prob.map(e)Fabric.0004prob.map

(f)pigskin-1.2.11prob.map(g)Combined prob.map Figure C.15:Open ended texture classi?cation of Bonn mosaic39:(a)original 512×512image;(b–f)probability maps with respect to a128×128image of training texture;(b)probability map with respect to training texture ra?a-1.1.10;

(c)probability map with respect to training texture Metal.0000;(d)probability map with respect to training texture water-1.2.8;(e)probability map with respect to training texture Fabric.0004;(f)probability map with respect to training texture pigskin-1.2.11;(g)combined probability map.

C.1.OPEN ENDED CLASSIFICATION OF TEXTURE407

(a)Bonn mosaic43(b)beachsand-1.2.7prob.map

(c)pigskin-1.2.11prob.map(d)cal?eath-1.2.6prob.map(e)Misc.0002prob.map

(f)plasticbubs-1.1.13prob.map(g)Combined prob.map Figure C.16:Open ended texture classi?cation of Bonn mosaic43:(a)original 512×512image;(b–f)probability maps with respect to a128×128image of training texture;(b)probability map with respect to training texture beachsand-1.2.7;(c) probability map with respect to training texture pigskin-1.2.11;(d)probability map with respect to training texture cal?eath-1.2.6;(e)probability map with respect to training texture Misc.0002;(f)probability map with respect to training texture plasticbubs-1.1.13;(g)combined probability map.

408APPENDIX C.CLASSIFIED TEXTURES

(a)Bonn mosaic46(b)plasticbubs-1.1.13prob.map

(c)water-1.2.8prob.map(d)woodgrain-1.1.9prob.map(e)gravel-1.5.5prob.map

(f)Water.0006prob.map(g)Combined prob.map Figure C.17:Open ended texture classi?cation of Bonn mosaic46:(a)original 512×512image;(b–f)probability maps with respect to a128×128image of training texture;(b)probability map with respect to training texture plasticbubs-1.1.13;(c) probability map with respect to training texture water-1.2.8;(d)probability map with respect to training texture woodgrain-1.1.9;(e)probability map with respect to training texture gravel-1.5.5;(f)probability map with respect to training texture Water.0006;(g)combined probability map.

C.1.OPEN ENDED CLASSIFICATION OF TEXTURE409

(a)Bonn mosaic47(b)Fabric.0015prob.map

(c)woolencloth-1.2.5prob.map(d)water-1.2.8prob.map(e)sand-1.5.4prob.map

(f)cal?eath-1.1.6prob.map(g)Combined prob.map Figure C.18:Open ended texture classi?cation of Bonn mosaic47:(a)original 512×512image;(b–f)probability maps with respect to a128×128image of train-ing texture;(b)probability map with respect to training texture Fabric.0015;(c) probability map with respect to training texture woolencloth-1.2.5;(d)probability map with respect to training texture water-1.2.8;(e)probability map with respect to training texture sand-1.5.4;(f)probability map with respect to training texture cal?eath-1.1.6;(g)combined probability map.

410APPENDIX C.CLASSIFIED TEXTURES

(a)Bonn mosaic49(b)pigskin-1.2.11prob.map

(c)Fabric.0000prob.map(d)Water.0006prob.map(e)woolencloth-1.2.5prob.map

(f)pigskin-1.1.11prob.map(g)Combined prob.map Figure C.19:Open ended texture classi?cation of Bonn mosaic49:(a)original 512×512image;(b–f)probability maps with respect to a128×128image of training texture;(b)probability map with respect to training texture pigskin-1.2.11;

(c)probability map with respect to training texture Fabric.0000;(d)probability map with respect to training texture Water.0006;(e)probability map with respect to training texture woolencloth-1.2.5;(f)probability map with respect to training texture pigskin-1.1.11;(g)combined probability map.

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前言

编委会

目录

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