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毕业英语语法复习与提高

小学毕业英语语法复习与提高

——时态专项（配套习题）

小学阶段有：一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时、一般将来时。

1、一般现在时

A 、当谓语是be 动词时，构成为：

主语+be 动词( am, is, are )+其他。如：I am a student.

B 、当谓语是行为动词时，构成有两种：

（1）主语（非第三人称单数）+动词原形+其他。

如：We often watch TV at the weekends.

（2）主语（第三人称单数）+动词第三人称单数形式+其他。

如：Jim usually goes to the park on Sundays.

C 、句型变换：

练一练：

A 、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1) He often__________ ( have ) dinner at home.

2) Daniel and Tommy__________ ( be ) in Class One.

3) We__________ ( not watch ) TV on Monday.

4) Nick__________ ( not go ) to the zoo on Sunday.

5) __________they__________ ( like ) the World Cup?

6) There__________ ( be ) some water in the bottle.

7) __________your parents__________ ( read ) newspapers every day?

8) Mike ( like ) cooking.

9) You always__________ ( do ) your homework well.

10) They__________ ( have ) the same hobby.

11) My aunt __________ ( look ) after her baby carefully.

12) Liu Tao __________ ( do ) not like PE.

13) She and I__________ ( take ) a walk together every evening.

B 、按要求转换句子，每空一词。

1) Tom likes playing basketball with his friends. （改成否定句）肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答

They watch TV at six everyday. They don’t watch TV at six everyday. ---Do they watch TV at six everyday.

---Yes, they do. / No, they don’t.

She watches TV at six everyday. She doesn’t watch TV a t six everyday. ---Does she watch TV at six everyday.

---Yes, she does. / No, she

doesn’t.

Tom ____________________playing basketball with his friends.

2) David’s parents often take a walk after supper. （改为一般疑问句并作出否定回答）

---________David’s parents often________ a walk after supper? ---No, ________ .

3) They usually watch TV . （对划线部分提问）

__________ they usually ____________________ .

4) She is always a good student. （改为一般疑问句并作出肯定回答）

--- __________always a__________ student? --- __________ , __________ .

5) Simon and Daniel like going skating. （改为否定句）

Simon and Daniel__________ going____________________.

2、现在进行时

A 、构成形式：主语+be 动词+动词的ing 形式+其他。

B 、判断依据：句中往往有now 、look 、listen 等词。注意：千万不要忘了一定得有be 动词。

C 、句型变换：

练一练：

A 、用所给的动词的正确形式填空。

1) The boy ____________________ ( draw ) a picture now.

2) What __________you __________ ( do ) now?

3) Listen. Some girls __________ __________ ( sing ) in the classroom.

4) My mother __________ __________ ( cook ) some nice food now.

5) Look. They__________ __________ ( have ) an English lesson.

6) They __________ __________ ( not water ) the flowers now.

7) Look! the girls__________ __________ ( dance )in the classroom .

8) What is our granddaughter doing? She ________ __________ ( listen ) to music.

9) __________Helen__________ ( wash )clothes? Yes, she is .

B 、根据中文，完成句子，每空一词。

1) 刘涛的父亲正在浇花。Liu Tao’s father is ____________________ .

2) 看，孩子们正在操场上踢足球。

Look! The children ____________________in the playground.

3) 她正在公园里散步吗？是的。

---__________ she__________ a walk in the park? ---Yes, she __________.

4) Jack 正在哪读书？在他书房。肯定句

否定句一般疑问句及回答 He is running now. He isn’t running now.

---Is he running now?

---Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t.

They are making a puppet. They aren’t making a puppet. ---Are they making a puppet?

---Yes, they are. / No, they

aren’t.

---______ ____Jack__________ the book now? ---He is __________ .

3、一般过去时

A 、构成形式：主语+动词的过去式+其他。

注意：没有be 动词的否定句和疑问句中，用didn’t 否定和用did 提问后，动词一定要用原形。

B 、判断依据：

（1）be 动词是was 、were ；

（2）动词加ed ；

（3）有表示过去的时间状语，现在学过的常用的表示过去的时间状语有：just now ，a moment ago ，yesterday ，last week ，last night ，last Sunday ，last year ，last month ，three days ago ，two weeks ago ，five years ago…

C 、句型变换：

练一练：

A 、用动词的适当形式填空。

1) It__________ ( be ) Ben’s birthday last Friday.

2) We all __________ ( have ) a good time last night.

3) He__________ ( jump ) high on last Sports Day.

4) Helen__________ ( milk ) a cow on Friday.

5) She likes__________ newspapers, but she __________a book yesterday. ( read )

6) He__________ football now, but they__________ basketball just now. ( play )

7) Jim’s mother __________ ( plant ) trees just now.

8) _________ they__________ ( sweep ) the floor on Sunday? No, they__________.

9) I__________ ( watch ) a cartoon on Monday.

10) We__________ ( go ) to school on Sunday.

B 、按要求改写句子。

1) My father came to the shop just now.（改为否定句）

My father __________to the shop just now.

2) I watched TV last night.（改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答）

---__________you__________ TV last__________? --- _______ , __________.

3) Their teacher told them a story yesterday.（对划线部分提问）

__________their teacher__________ them yesterday?

4) They were on the farm last Saturday.（改为否定句）

They__________ on the farm last Saturday. 肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答

I was a teacher five years ago. I wasn’t a teacher five years ago. ---Were you a teacher five years ago?

---Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t.

They played many games yesterday. They didn’t play many games yesterday. Did they play many games yesterday?

Yes, they did. / No, they didn’t.

5) David and Liu Tao did their homework together a moment ago.（改为一般疑问句） __________David and Liu Tao__________ homework together__________ .

4、一般将来时

A 、构成形式：（1）主语+be going to+动词原形+其他。（2）主语+will+动词原形+其他。

B 、判断依据：一个句子中既有be 动词，又有going 、to 和动词，且动词用的是原形，句中往往有tomorrow 、soon 、next week 等词。

C 、句型变换：

注意：---Where are you going? ---We’re going to Beijing. 问句中不要用到to 。

练一练：

A 、根据中文，完成句子，每空一词。

1）我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

I ____________________have a picnic with my friends. 或者：

I ____________________have a picnic with my friends.

2）下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。

---What ______________________________next Monday?

---I ____________________ play basketball. 或者：

---What__________ you do next Monday? ---I__________ play basketball.

3）你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。

---__________your mother__________ go shopping this__________?

---Yes, she__________. She____________________ buy some fruit.

4.）你们打算什么时候见面？

What time__________ you __________meet?

B 、改写句子。

1）Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定句）

Nancy__________ going to go camping.

2）I’ll go and join them.（改否定句）

I __________go __________ join them.

3）I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）肯定句否定句一般疑问句及回答

She is going to have a picnic tomorrow. She isn’t going to have a picnic tomorrow. ---Is she going to have a picnic tomorrow?

---Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.

They are going to visit their grandparents next Sunday. They aren ’t going to visit their grandparents next Sunday. --Are they going to visit their grand parents next Sunday?

---Yes, they are. / No, they

aren’t.

____________________to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?

4）We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）

____________________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30?

5）She is going to listen to music after school.（对划线部分提问）

__________she ____________________after school?

时态综合练一练：

1、用所给词的适当形式填空。

1）Today is a sunny day. We __________ ( have ) a picnic this afternoon.

2）My brother__________ ( go ) to Shanghai next week.

3）Tom often__________ ( go ) to school on foot. But today is rainy.

He__________ ( go ) to school by bike.

4）What do you usually do at weekends? I usually__________ (watch) TV and

__________ (catch) insects?

5）It’s Friday today. What__________ she__________ ( do ) this weekend?

She __________ ( watch ) TV and__________ ( catch ) insects.

6）What________ ( do ) you do last Sunday? I ________ ( pick ) apples on a farm.

What__________ ( do ) next Sunday? I__________ ( milk ) cows.

7）Mary____________________ ( visit ) her grandparents tomorrow.

8）Liu Tao____________________ ( fly ) kites in the playground yesterday.

9）David__________ __________ ( give ) a puppet show next Monday.

10）I __________ __________ ( plan ) for my study now.

2、根据中文，完成句子，每空一词。

1）杨玲正在问高山一些关于公共标志的问题。

Yang Ling is__________ Gao Shan some __________about__________.

2）David最喜爱的科目是英语。

__________Favourite subject____________________.

3）谁跑得快，男孩还是女孩？

Who____________________ , the boys or the girls?

4）我父亲每天起床都很早，锻炼身体。

My father__________ up__________ and __________some exercise every day. 5）你们有什么爱好？他喜欢集邮，我喜欢听音乐。

---What__________ your__________?

---He__________ stamps and I like__________ to music.

6）昨天我们想去参观博物馆，可不认识去的路。我们就问了一个警察，他告诉了我们路线。

We_________ to_________ the museum, but we______ know__________ there.

We__________ a policeman, he told__________ the way.

7）Nancy将在音乐会上演奏钢琴吗？

__________Nancy__________ to__________the __________the concert?

8）我们开始上课好吗？谁来读生词？

__________we__________ our lesson now?

__________ would __________to__________ the__________ word?

——句子的种类专项（配套习题）

类别例句用法标点

陈述句肯

定

This is a bag. I like spring.

描述一件事情

或者说明说话

人的看法

陈述句否定

I can’t see a bag over there. I don't

know.

描述一件事情

或者说明说话

人的看法

疑问句一般

Are you a student? Do you like

puppets?

Can you speak English?

用于提出问题? 特殊

when什么时间；who谁；whose谁的；

where在哪里；which哪一个；why为

什么；what什么；what time什么时间；

what colour什么颜色；wh at about……

怎么样；what day星期几；what date

什么日期；what for为何目的；how怎

样；how old多大岁数；how many数量

多少；how much多少钱；how

about……怎么样；how far多远

选择Is your friend a boy or a girl?

反意It’s a fine day, isn’t it?

祁使句肯定Put it here. 表示命令、建议

或请求

.或！否定Don’t look at the n oticeboard.

感叹句How smart the scarf is! What a

smart scarf!

How smart the scarves are! What smart

scarves!

表示惊讶、喜

悦、赞美、厌恶

或愤怒等强烈

感情

练一练：

1、填入适当的疑问词。

1) __________wallet is it? It’s mine.

2) __________is the Christmas Day? It’s on the 25th of December.

3) __________is the diary? It’s under the chair.

4) __________is the boy in blue? He’s Mike.

5) __________are the earphones? They are 25 yuan.

6) __________is the hair dryer? It’s blue.

7) __________is it today? It’s Sunday.

8) __________was it yesterday? It was the 13th of October.

9) __________this red one? It’s beautiful.

10) __________is it from here? It’s about 2 kilo metres away.

11) A: Can I have some paper and some crayons? B: __________?

A: I want to make a kite.

12) __________is your cousin? He’s 15years old.

13) __________do you have dinner? At 6 o’clock.

14) __________one is fatter, the blue one or the red one? The blue one.

2、对划线部分提问。

1) I can see eight rubbers in the box.

____________________can __________see in the box?

2) My father is fine today.

____________________ your father today?

3) Liu Tao is playing football in the playground.

__________Liu Tao__________ in the playground?

4) The films were on the ground.

____________________the films?

5) The girl with big eyes is my sister’s friend.

____________________sister’s friend?

6) My birthday is on the 9th of September.

____________________your birthday?

7) I’d like a nice cake for breakfast.

____________________ like for breakfast?

8) That’s Nancy’s skirt.

____________________ is that?

3、按要求改写句子。

1) It’s a book.（改为一般疑问句）

__________it a__________?

2) My father is in the study.（对划线部分提问）

__________is__________ father?

3) do you watch TV every Sunday?（做肯定回答）

__________ , I __________ .

4) This picture is beautiful.（改为以what引导的感叹句）

What __________ __________ picture!

5) Open the door for him.（改为否定句）

__________open __________ for __________ !

6) I have a big present.（对划线部分提问）

__________ do you__________ ?

7) There are some orange trees.（改为单数句子）

There____________________ orange__________.

8) we are going to see a Beijing opera.（对划线部分提问）

What __________you ____________________ do?

9) He has some questions.（改为一般疑问句）

__________he __________ questions?

10) They visited their relatives and friends last Spring Festival.（改为一般疑问句）

__________they__________ their relatives and friends ____________________?

——动名词专项（配套习题）

其实就是动词的―现在分词‖。它既有―名词性质‖（可作主语），又具有动词性质（可带宾语）。

如：Please keep quiet in the reading room. 还有我们的一些课题：Asking the way 中是―名词性质‖；My hobby is collecting stamps.中是―动词性质‖，带了宾语stamps.

1、remember（记住）后面跟动名词，表示―记得做过某事‖；

跟to+动词原形，表示―记得要去做某事‖。如：

I remember posting the letter today. 我记得今天把信寄走了。

Please remember to post the letter today. 请记住今天要把信寄走。

2、forget（忘记）后面跟动名词，表示―忘记做过某事（实际做过）‖；

跟to+动词原形，表示―忘记去做某事（实际没做）‖。如：

I forget doing homework this morning. 我忘记今天早上做过作业了。

I forget to do homework this morning. 我忘记今天早上做作业了。

3、stop（停止）后面跟动名词，表示―停止做某事‖；

跟to+动词原形，表示―停止正在做的事，而去做别的事‖。如：

Stop smoking, please. 请不要吸烟。

We are tired. Let’s stop to have a rest. 我们累了，让我们停下来休息一下。

4、like（喜欢）后面跟动名词，表示一个人的爱好和习惯，意思是―喜欢干某事‖；跟to+动词原形，常用于would like to do something，表示―某人想要、愿意干某事‖。如：

I like taking a walk after supper every day. 我喜欢每天晚饭后去散步。

I would like to have some chips. 我想要吃些薯条。

练一练：

1、用扩号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

1) __________ ( swim ) is not as fast as running.

2) It’s sunny today. Let’s go__________ ( fish ).

3) Do you like__________ ( read ) English in the morning?

4) Are you good at __________ ( dance )?

5) Where is the__________ ( shop ) centre?

6) Would you like to go__________ ( jog ) with me?

7) My hobby is__________ ( play ) football.

8) Su Hai likes__________ ( watch ) cartoons on Sundays.

2、选择扩号内动词的适当形式填空。

1) I’m sorry __________ ( hearing, to hear ) that.

2) Jim is good at __________ ( swimming, to swim ).

3) Shall we go __________ ( skating, to skate )?

4) Today, my work is__________ ( looking, to look ) after the baby.

5) I’m going__________ ( flying, to fly ) a kite in the playground.

6) I like __________ ( playing, to play ) basketball after school.

7) Would you like__________ ( going, to go ) to the Great Wall?

8) Jim is asking Liu Tao how__________ ( getting, to get ) to the History Museum.

——动词不定式专项（配套习题）

1、to加动词原形构成一种非谓语形式，在这里不是介词，无词义。

如：I want to make a New Year card. 我想制作一张新年贺卡。

Would you like to have a picnic with us? 你愿意和我们一起去野餐吗？

2、to保留原来动词的一些特征，它可以带自己的宾语和状语等。

如：To get there faster, you can take bus No.5. 快一点到那儿，你可以坐5路车。

3、to前有时带疑问词what, when, where, which, why, how等。

如：He’s asking Yang Ling how to get there. 他正在问杨玲怎样到达那里。

总而言之，一定要记住：to后面用动词原形。

练一练：

1、用扩号中所给动词的适当形式填空。

1) People would like __________ ( go ) to farms in the countryside.

2) It’s time__________ ( have ) lunch.

3) I want __________ ( buy ) some presents for my friends.

4) Please show me how __________ ( go ) to the shopping centre.

5) The thief began __________ ( run ).

6) Would you like __________ ( join ) us?

7) Don’t forget __________ ( write ) ―Happy New Year‖.

8) She was very glad __________ ( see ) them.

9) I’m sorry __________ ( hear ) that.

10) Please remember__________ ( close ) the windows before you go home.

2、圈出下列句子中的错误，并改正。

1) Would you like go camping with us?

2) Helen, show us how drawing a square.

3) I want to writes a letter to my penfriend.

4) It’s time for us go to school.

5) Liu Tao wants to showing Peter’s photos t o his mum.

——there be结构专项（配套习题）

1、there be结构表示―某时、某地存在着什么事物或人‖，包括there is、there are、there was、there were。here be结构与它类似，用法也完全相同，只不过是表示―这

里存在着什么事物或人‖。

2、和have、has、had的区别：

（1）There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）；而have、has、had表示：某人拥有某物。

（2）在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is；主语是复数，be 动词用are；如有几件物品，be 动词根据最近be 动词的那个名词决定——―就近原则‖。（3）there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。

（4）there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。

（5）some和any在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑问句。

（6）and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句，or 用于否定句或疑问句。

（7）针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：How many + 可数名词复数+ are there + 介词短语？How much + 不可数名词+ is there + 介词短语？

（8）针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：What’s + 介词短语？

（9）There be结构一般用在句子的开头，而have等词只能用于某一个主语后面。

练一练：

1、用恰当的be动词填空。

1) There__________ four seasons in a year.

2) There__________ not any trees two years ago.

3) ---__________there a post office near your school? ---Yes, there__________.

4) ---How many stops__________ there? ---There__________ only one.

5) There__________ not any stamps on the envelope.

6) __________ there any birds in the tree?

7) There__________ a shopping centre near our school last year.

But now there __________no one.

8) There __________ only three of us: my dad, my mum and me.

9) Here __________ some bread for you.

10) In New York, there__________ a lot of rain in spring.

2、选用―have, has, had, there is, there are, there was, there were‖填空。

1) I__________ a good father and a good mother.

2) ____________________ a telescope on the desk.

3) He__________ a tape-recorder.

4) ____________________ a basketball in the playground.

5) They__________ a nice garden.

6) My father__________ a story-book last year.

7) ____________________ a reading-room in the building?

8) What does Mike __________ ?

9) __________ any books in the bookcase?

10) How many students__________ in the classroom?

11) ____________________ a story-book on the table a moment ago.

12) What do you __________ ?

13) My parents __________ some nice pictures.

14) ____________________ some maps on the wall.

15) __________ a map of the world on the wall.

16) David’s friends __________ some tents.

17) ____________________ many children on the hill.

——动词专项（配套习题）

这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称，其中包括be动词、情态动词、助动词、行为动词（就是我们平时总说的那种动词）。

动词、名词和形容词不太容易区分，如不能一眼看出，可用如下方法：

先用―一（量词）‖（如：一个、一张等）和这个词连起来说，如说得通，一般认为是名词；说不通再用―很‖去判断，就是把―很‖和为个词连起来说，说得通一般就是形容词；都说不通就是动词。（目前我们学过的，以后可能不同）（另外一些很明显的，如人称代词、数词、情态动词等一下就可以知道）

1、be动词（am, is, are, was, were ）

1）am—was, is –was, are--were 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，所有复数全用are。

2）肯定和否定句I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.

3）一般疑问句Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.

4）be动词的否定形式：am not（没有缩写形式），are not = aren’t ，is not = isn’t 。用恰当的be动词填空。

练一练：

1、用be动词的适当形式填空。

1）I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.

2）The girl______ Jack's sister.

3）The dog _______ tall and fat.

4）The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.

5）______ your brother in the classroom?

6）How _______ your father?

7）Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.

8）Whose dress ______ this?

9）Whose socks ______ they?

10）Who ______ I?

11）The jeans ______ on the desk.

12）Here ______ a scarf for you.

13）Here ______ some sweaters for you.

14）The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.

15）This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.

16）The two cups of milk _____ for me.

17）Some tea ______ in the glass.

18）Gao shan's shirt _______ over there.

19）My sister's name ______Nancy.

20）______ David and Helen from England?

21）There ______ a girl in the room.

22）There ______ some apples on the tree.

23）_______ there any apple juice in the bottle?

24）There _______ some bread on the plate.

25）You, he and I ______ from China.

26）There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.

2、情态动词

情态动词也是一类特殊的动词，平时我们不把它说成是动词。情态动词可以和行为动词同时出现在同一个句子中。

我们现在学过的情态动词有：can、must、should、would、may、could、shall。注意：情态动词后动词总是用原形。（不受其他任何条件影响）

其否定形式：can not = can’t, must not = mustn’t, … 注意：may not和shall not （无缩写形式）

练一练：

选择填空。

( ) 1) The sign on the wall means you __________stay away from the building.

A. must

B. can’t

C. shouldn't

( ) 2) How many books __________you see on the desk?

A. may

B. can

C. should

( ) 3) It means you__________ make noise in the library.

A. should

B.. shouldn't

C. can

( ) 4) --- __________you like a glass of milk? --- Yes, please.

A. May

B. Could

C. Would

( ) 5) --- __________you see the sign over there? --- Sorry, I can’t.

A. Can

B. Can’t

C. Should

( ) 6) __________we go to the park by bus?

A. May

B. Must

C. Shall

3、助动词（do, does, did ）

do, does用于一般现在时，其过去式did用于一般过去时。它们通常用在疑问句和否定句中。它们的否定形式：do not = don’t, does not = doesn’t, did not = didn’t。注意：在一般现在时中，does用于第三人称单数，其余一律用助动词do；助动词do, does, did后面一定要用动词原形。

练一练：

1、用适当的助动词填空。

1) __________you like this magazine?

2) The girl __________ like bread for breakfast.

3) ---What __________ she__________at the weekends?

---She usually plays games with her friends.

4) ---What__________ you do last Sunday? ---I wrote to my friend.

5) ---Did you see a Beijing opera? ---No, I__________ .

6) He__________ not visit a farm last National Day holiday.

7) They__________ not like playing volleyball.

8) --- __________Jim have a picnic with his family every Saturday?

---Yes, he __________ .

9) __________ Helen and Yang Ling go to school on foot every day?

10) ---How many kites __________ we have? ---We have ten.

2、找出下列句子中的错误，将序号填入题前括号内，并改正。

( ) 1) Did you had a big lunch with your family last Spring Festival?

A B C

( ) 2) ---What do the boy have in his pencil-box? ---He has a rubber.

A B C

( ) 3) They doesn’t like the film.

A B C

( ) 4) Do Jim get up at six everyday?

A B C

( ) 5) Don't giving the ball to Liu Tao.

A B C

4、行为动词

就是我们平时上课时说的动词，表示某一动作或行为。如：sweep、live等。行为动词我们已学过它们的四种形式：原形、第三人称单数+s/es、现在分词（也叫动名词）+ing、过去式+ed。

（1）动词第三人称单数变化规则：

A、一般直接加―s‖，如：play – plays, visit – visits, speak – speaks ；

B、以―s‖，―x‖，―sh‖，―ch‖结尾时，加―es‖，如：catch – catches, watch – watches ；

C、以―辅音字母+y‖结尾时，变―y‖为―i‖再加―es‖，如：carry –carries, study –studies 。

（2）现在分词（动名词）构成规则：

A、一般直接加―ing‖，如：go – going, do – doing, look – looking ；

B、以不发音的―e‖结尾的单词，去―e‖ 加―ing‖，如：take – taking, make – making, have – having ；

C、以重读闭音节结尾的词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，需要双写这个字母再加―ing‖，如：put – putting, stop – stopping, run – running, get – getting, swim –swimming, sit –sitting, begin –beginning, jog –jogging, forget –

forgetting 。

（3）过去式构成规则：

A、一般直接加―ed‖，如：plant – planted, visit – visited, pick – picked ；

B、以不发音字母―e‖结尾，直接加―ed‖，如：like –liked, hope –hoped, taste –tasted ；

C、以―辅音字母+y‖结尾时，变―y‖为―i‖再加―ed‖，如：try – tried, carry – carried, study – studied ；

D、有些动词要双写最后一个字母，再加―ed‖，如：stop – stopped ；

E、还有很多动词的过去式是不规则的，

请记忆：是-is, am(be)-was-being；是-are(be)-were-being；是-be-was, were-being；成为-become-became-becoming；开始-begin-began-beginning；

弯曲-bend-bent-bending；吹-blow-blew-blowing；买-buy-bought-buying；

能-can-could-----；捕捉-catch-caught-catching；选择-choose-chose-choosing；来-come-came-coming；切-cut-cut-cutting；做-do, does-did-doing；

画-draw-drew-drawing；饮-drink-drank-drinking；吃-eat-ate-eating；

感觉-feel-felt-feeling；发现-find-found-finding；飞-fly-flew-flying；

忘记-forget-forgot-forgetting；得到-get-got-getting；给-give-gave-giving；

走-go-went-going；成长-grow-grew-growing；有-have, has-had-having；

听-hear-heard-hearing；受伤-hurt-hurt-hurting；保持-keep-kept-keeping；

知道-know-knew-knowing；学习-learn-learned, learnt-learning；

允许，让-let-let-letting；躺-lie-lay-lying；制造-make-made-making；

可以-may-might----；意味-mean-meant-meaning；会见-meet-met-meeting；

必须-must-must----；放置-put-put-putting；读-read-read-reading；

骑、乘-ride-rode-riding；响、鸣-ring-rang-ringing；跑-run-ran-running；

说-say-said-saying；看见-see-saw-seeing；将-shall-should----；

唱歌-sing-sang-singing；坐下-sit-sat-sitting；睡觉-sleep-slept-sleeping；

说-speak-spoke-speaking；度过-spend-spent-spending 。

练一练：

1、写出下列动词的第三人称单数。

drink _________go_______ stay_______ make_________ look ______have ______ pass ______carry_______ come_______ watch_______ plant______ fly______ study_____ brush ________do ________teach________ take________ see_______

2、写出下列动词的现在分词。

put __________ give __________ fly _________ get ________ dance ________ sit_________ run ________plant _________ take ___________ swim _________ ask __________stop _________ talk _________write __________ have __________ smoke _________ think__________ want__________ tell__________

3、写出下列动词的过去式。

is\am _________ fly _______ plant ________are ________drink _________

play _______ go ________ make ________does _________dance ________

worry ___________ ask ________taste _________eat __________draw ________ put ______ throw ________ kick _________ pass _______do ________

4、用动词的适当形式填空。

（1）I ______to school from Monday to Friday. My brother often _______to school with me. Yesterday we _______to school together. We like ________to school very much. ( go )

（2）They usually _______lunch at home. But last week, they ____lunch at school. ( have )

（3）That______ my English book. It _____new. But now it _____not here. It ______there a moment ago. ( be )

（4）My sister likes ________very much. She often _______at our school festival. Last term, she _______a lot of songs in the school hall. She _____beautifully. ( sing )

（5）What _____ he usually ______on Sunday? He usually ______his homework. Look! He __________his homework now. ______he _______his homework last Sunday? Yes, he_______. ( do )

（6）Do people usually_______ moon cakes at Mid-autumn Festival? Yes, they do. Did you _______moon cakes last Mid-autumn Festival? Yes, I did. I _______a lot of delicious moon cakes. ( eat )

——介词专项（配套习题）

1、一种虚词。不能单独作句子成分，它只有跟它后面的宾语一起构成介词短语，才能在句子中起作用。有：in, on, under, with, behind, about, near, before, after, for, to, up, down, from, in front of, out of, from…to…, at the back of…

2、表示时间的介词有：at, on, in。

（1）at表示―在某一个具体的时间点上‖，或用在固定词组中。如：at ten o’clock, at 9:30 a.m., at night, at the weekend…

（2）on表示―在某日或某日的时间段‖。如：on Friday, on the first of October, on Monday morning…

（3）in表示―在某一段时间（月份、季节）里‖。如：in the afternoon, in September, in summer, in 2005…

3、in一词还有其他的固定搭配，如：in blue（穿着蓝色的衣服），in English（用英语表达），take part in（参加）。

练一练：

1、选用括号内恰当的介词填空。

1) What’s this __________ ( at, on, in ) English?

2) Christmas is__________ ( at, on, in ) the 25th of December.

3) The man __________ ( with, on, in ) black is Su Hai’s father.

4) He doesn’t do well __________ ( at, on, in ) PE.

5) Look at those birds __________ ( on, in ) the tree.

6) We are going to meet __________ ( at, on, in ) the bus stop__________ ( at, on, in )

half past ten.

7) Is there a cat__________ ( under, behind, in ) the door?

8) Helen’s writing paper is __________ ( in, in front of ) her computer.

9) We live __________ ( at, on, in ) a new house now.

10) Does it often rain __________ ( at, on, in ) spring there?

2、圈出下列句子中运用不恰当的介词，并将正确的答案写在横线上。

1) Jim is good in English and Maths. __________

2) The films were in the ground just now. __________

3) They are talking to their plans. __________

4) How many students have their birthdays on May? __________

5) Women’s Day is at the third of March. __________

6) I can jog to school on the morning. __________

7) Did you water trees at the farm? __________

8) Can you come and help me on my English? __________

9) I usually take photos in Sunday morning. __________

10) What did you do on the Spring Festival? __________

——形容词、副词专项（配套习题）

1、形容词表示某一事物或人的特征，副词表示某一动作的特征。形容词和副词有三种形式：原形、比较级、最高级。比较级：+er 最高级：the …+est

两个重要特征：as……as中间一定用原形，than的前面一定要+er。

2、形容词、副词比较级的规则变化如下：

（1）一般直接+er。如：tall - taller, fast - faster 单音节词如果以-e结尾，只加-r。如：late - later

（2）重读闭音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须双写这个字母，再加-er。如：big - bigger, fat - fatter

（3）以辅音字母加-y结尾的词，变y为i，再加-er。如：heavy - heavier, early - earlier

（4）双音节和多音节词的比较级应在原级前加more构成。如：beautiful - more beautiful,

careful - more careful, quietly - more quietly, interesting - more interesting

（5）有些不规则变化的，须逐一加以记忆。如：good/well – better, bad/ill – worse, many/much – more, far – farther/further, old –older/elder…

练一练：

1、写出下列形容词、副词的比较级。

big __________ good__________ long__________ tall__________ old__________ short _________ thin_________ heavy_________ young _________ fat __________ light __________strong________ high__________ far __________ low__________ early__________ late__________ well_________ fast__________ slow__________ 2、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1) I can swim as __________ ( fast ) as the fish, I think.

2) Look! His hands are __________ ( big ) than mine.

3) I think you do these things __________ ( well ) than your classmates.

4) Whose bag is __________ ( heavy ), yours or mine?

5) Does Jim run as__________ ( slow ) as David? Yes, but Mike runs ( slow ) than them.

6) You have seven books, but I have__________ ( many ) than you. I have ten.

7) I jump__________ ( far ) than some of the boys in my class.

8) I’m very__________ ( thin ), but she’s__________ ( thin ) than me.

9) It gets __________ and __________ ( warm ) when spring comes here.

——代词专项（配套习题）

有两种：人称代词和物主代词。

1、人称代词分为：第一、第二、第三人称，且有单复数之分。

2、人称代词的主格在句中做主语，一般用在动词前（疑问句除外）；宾格在句中做宾语，多用于动词、

介词后。

3、形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用，后面一定要跟名词，表示该名词是属于谁的。

4、名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。如：

This is my bag. = This is mine. That is her ruler. = That is hers.

一般看后面有没有名词，如有，就用形容词性物主代词；如无，就用名词性物主代词。

请牢记下表：

人称代词物主代词

单数复数单数复数

主格宾格主格宾格形容词

性

名词性

形容词

性

名词性

第一人

称

I me we us my mine our ours 第二人

称

you you you you your yours your yours

第三人称he him

they them

his his

their theirs she her her hers

it it its its

练一练：

1、按要求写出相应人称代词。

I（宾格）________ she（形容词性物主代词）________

we（名词性物主代词）________ he（复数）________ us（单数）________ theirs（主格）________ its（宾格）_____________

2、想一想，把下表补充完整。

I it we

me you them

my His your

mine hers

3、用所给词的适当形式填空。

1）That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I ) 2）The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )

3）Is this _________ watch? ( you ) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )

4）______ is my brother. _____ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are ______. ( he ) 5）_________ dresses are red. ( we ) What colour are _________? ( you )

6）Show _________ your kite, OK? ( they )

7）I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it ) 8）Are these ________ tickets? No, ________ are not _________. ________ aren’t here. ( they )

9）Shall _______ have a look at that classroom? That is ________ classroom. ( we ) 10）_________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________ a nurse. ( she ) 11）Where are ________? I can’t find ________. Let’s call ________ parents. ( they ) 12）Don’t touch _________. _________ not a cat, _________ a tiger! ( it )

13）_________ sister is ill. Please go and get _________. ( she )

14）The girl behind _________ is our friend. ( she )

——数词专项（配套习题）

我们学过两类：基数词和序数词。基数用于表示数量多少，而基数词用于表示次序，常在日期中出现。区别：基数词前面没有―the‖；序数词前一定要有―the‖。

1、超过二十以上的两位数需要在个位和十位之间加上―-‖。如：21 twenty-one

2、三位数以上的则需要在百位数后再加上and。如：101 a/one hundred and one

3、用基数词来修饰可数名词时，一定别忘了它的复数形式。如：十八个男孩eighteen boys

4、用基数词修饰不可数名词时，如是复数，变它的量词为复数。如：两碗米饭two bowls of rice

5、序数词一般加―th‖，特殊的有：first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth 以及二十及二十以外的整十：twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth… ―第几十几‖：前面整十不变，后面―几‖改为序数词。如：88 eighty-eighth

练一练：

1、请翻译下列短语。

（1）60名学生__________________（2）15本英语书__________________ （3）九杯凉水__________________（4）4个孩子__________________ （5）12月31 __________________ （6）6月2日__________________ （7）第九周__________________ （8）40年前__________________

（9）11+7 __________________ （10）上学第一天__________________ 2、把下列基数词改成序数词。

one---_________ two--- _________ three---_________ nine--- _________ fourteen--- _________ twenty--- _________ thirty-five--- _________

——冠词专项（配套习题）

是一种虚词，不能独立使用，通常放在名词的前面，分为―不定冠词‖和―定冠词‖两种。

1、不定冠词：a、an。用在单数名词前，表示―一个，一件……‖。an用在以元音―音素‖开头的单词前。如：an e-mail, an orange, an old man, an English watch, an hour…

2、定冠词：the。用在单数或者复数名词前。the没有具体意思，有时翻译为这、那。它的基本用法：

（1）用来表示特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。如：The map on the wall is new. （2）表示说话者双方都知道的人或事物。如：Look at the picture, please. （3）表示再次提到前面谈过的人或事物。如：This is a stamp. The stamp is beautiful.

（4）用在表示世界上独一无二的事物前。如：the sun太阳the moon月亮the earth地球

（5）用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如：the Great Wall长城

（6）用在江河、湖海等专有名词前。如：the Changjiang River长江

（7）此外，序数词、形容词最高级、乐器名称等词前面和一些习惯用语中一般都用定冠词the。如：the first day, the best boy, play the piano, in the same class 确定用a、an还是the时可根据汉语意思。

练一练：

1、用a或an填空。

______ ―U‖ ______ice-cream ______goalkeeper ______teapot ______apple

______English book ______office ______ unit ______ hour ______umbrella

2、根据需要，填写冠词a，an或the。

（1）Who is _________ girl behind_________ tree?

（2）_________ old man has two children, _________son and _________ daughter. （3）This is _________ orange. _________ orange is Lucy’s.

（4）He likes playing_________ guitar. We have _________ same hobby.

（5）We all had _________ good time last Sunday.

（6）She wants to be_________ doctor.

——名词专项练习（配套习题）

名词分可数名词和不可数名词

1 可数名词

个体名词都是可数名词。每个可数名词都有其单数和复数形式。

A. 单数表示―一个‖的概念。用名词的单数时，名词前需加 a 或 an 。

如 a book （一本书）、an apple （一个苹果）、an orange （一个橘子）等。

B. 复数表示两个或两个以上的物体。如two pencils （两枝铅笔）、three weeks （三周）等。

复数形式的构成有两种：规则名词复数形式的构成和不规则名词复数形式的构成。具体见下表。规则名词复数形式的构成

词形复数形式的构成方法例词

大多数名词在词尾加-s 。（在清辅音后读[s]，在浊辅音及元音后读[z]。）

cat ——cats book---books

dog----dogs bag ——bags

boy--- boys 以s 、x 、ch 、sh 结尾的名词

在词尾加 -es, 读作[iz]。 glass ——glasses match ——matches 以辅音字母 +y 结尾的名词把 y 变成 i , 加 -es, 读作[iz]

city ——cities fly, butterfly, baby,

family, lily 但专有名词例外，直接在 y 后加-s, 读作[z]

Germany ——Germanys 以辅音字母 +o 结尾的名词一般直接加 -es,读作[z]; 某些词例外,加 -s tomato ——tomatoes potato, Kilo--kilos, piano--pianos photo ——photos

以元音字母+o 结尾的名词

直接加 -s, 但读作[z] zoo ——zoos radio ——radios 以f 或fe 结尾的名词有的直接加 -s, 读作[z] roof ——roofs 大多数要将f 或fe 变为v,再加-es,读作[z]

leaf ——leaves wife ——wives knife —knives, scarf, shelf, wolf, 不规则名词复数形式的构成

复数形式的构成特点例词

通过改变词内元音字母 man ——men, foot ——feet tooth ——teeth, mouse ——mice （老鼠）

通过在词尾加-en ox ——oxen （牛）, child ——children

单复数形式相同

a sheep ——two sheep,

a deer ——two deer （鹿）, a Chinese ——two Chinese （中国人）

注意事项:

只能用于复数形式的名词有: clothes, trousers, glasses,

单数名词用于复数含义: people, public, police

2 不可数名词：

有些词在汉语中可数,在英语中却不可数。例如：news （新闻）、furniture （家具）、

牛津高中英语语法复习模块1定语从句苏教版

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(完整word版)最全初中英语语法之-形容词副词教案(已打印两份)

形容词一.定义：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词，叫形容词。二. 注意：有些形容词只能作表语，如：alone, afraid, asleep 等。例如： Don't wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep. The old man is alone. 形容词用来修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词，要放在这些词的后面。例如： You'd better tell us something interesting. The police found nothing strange in the room. 多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是：1）冠词或人称代词2）数词3）性质4）大小5）形状6）表示老少，新旧7）颜色8）事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。例如：His grandpa still lives in this small short house.他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。 The woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates.那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。形容词名词化：有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词，表示一类人，谓语常用复数。这类词有：rich / poor; good / bad ; young / old ; healthy / ill ; living / dead ; black / white (表示人种等)。例如：The young should take good care of the old.年轻人应该好好照顾老人。 The rich never help the poor in this country.在这个国家，富人从来不帮助穷人。形容词短语做定语时要后置。如：They are the students easy to teach.他们是很容易较的学生。 We live in a house much larger than yours.我们住的房子比你们的大得多。 else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。如：Did you see anybody else?你看到别的人了吗？

(完整版)高中英语语法知识思维导图

什么是语法？ +表语 +宾语 +间接宾语+直接宾语 +宾语+宾语补足语 to/-ing s not

一般现在时vs.一般过去时

一般将来时将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或者重复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间副词连用，例如：soon, next week, this afternoon, tomorrow We will graduate next year. 我们明年毕业。

进行时(1) (V+ing) 现在分词(V+ing) 现在分词(V+ing)?

进行时(2)

完成时(1) Part1 完成时的句型构成 1-1 陈述句型：S+has/have+过去分词(p.p.) I have already finished my homework.(我已经完成了我的作业) 1-2 否定句型：S+has/have+not+过去分词(p.p.) Sandy has been a nurse in this hospital for 15 years.(珊蒂已经在这家医院担任护士长达15年了。) 1-3 疑问句型：Has/Have+s+过去分词(p.p.)? Have you ever seen Peter in past 3 months?(过去3个月内，你看见过彼吗？) 2-1 陈述句型：S+had+过去分词(p.p.) This proposal had been deliverde by Eva before Aaron finished it. (这个计划在艾伦完成以前，伊娃就已经提交出去了) 2-2 否定句型：S+had+not+过去分词(p.p.) I had not finished my work when he visited me last week.(上周他来拜访我以前，我还没有完成工作。) 2-3 疑问句型：Had+s+过去分词(p.p.)? Had you ever been to a blind date before you married?(你结婚以前曾经参加相亲吗？) 3-1 陈述句型：S+shall/will+have+过去分词(p.p.) They wll have finished the meeting by now. (他们现在应该已经开完会了) 3-2 否定句型：S+shall/will+have+not+过去分词(p.p.) We will have not made 10 apple pies by the end of today.(我们在今天结束之前不能做完10个苹果派。) 3-3 疑问句型： Shall/Will+ s+have+过去分词(p.p.)? Will they have already left by the time we get there?(我们到的时候，他们会不会已经离开了？ )

牛津高中英语语法复习(模块1-模块4)

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注：先行词是time, minute, moment, next time很少用关系副词when,可用that 但通常省去。 This is the place where work.（vi.）(关系词所做的成分关键是有从句中的动词来决定的) This is the place which we visited. (vt. ) （五）：限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

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2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市) 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。如：He works hard .(他工作努力)

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