全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程4_1到6答案

Vocabulary
I. 1. 1) alliance
3) stroke
5) minus
7) declarations
2) at the cost of
4) limp
6) regions
8) siege
Appendix I - $9
9) raw 10) bide his time
11) have taken their toll 12) in the case of
2. 1) is faced with 2) get bogged down
3) is pressing on / pressed on 4) drag on
5) get by 6) dine out
7) have cut back 8) get through
3. 1) The rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of cancer in the near
future.
2) Production in many factories has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of
raw materials due to the dock workers’ strike.
3) Sara has made up her mind that her leisure interests will/should never get in the way of
her career.
4) Obviously the reporter's question caught the foreign minister off guard.
5) The introduction of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date /
obso lete.
4. 1) Being faced with an enemy forces much superior to ours, we had to give up the
occupation of big cities and retreat to the rural and mountainous regions to build up
our bases.
2) Unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organization. Failure to reckon with
this problem will weaken its strength. In many cases, work may be brought to a halt by
con stant internal struggle in an organization.
3) The Red Army fought a heroic battle at Stalingrad and won the decisive victory against
the Germans. In fact, this battle turned the tide in the Second World War. During this
famous battle, the Soviet troops withstood the German siege and weakened the German
army by launching a series of counterattacks.
II.More Synonyms in Context
1) During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the
most dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium.
2) Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts / homework paid off.
3)1 spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my
words.
4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could
withstand the harsh weather.
- 90 - Appendix I
III. Usage
1) But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate good health.
2) A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeks—and nobody knew anything about it.
3) It's said he dropped dead from a heart attack when he was at work
1) Don't sit too close to the fire to keep warm—you could easily get burned, especially if you
fall asleep.
4) In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early.
5) Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes.
■
Structure
1. 1) To his great delight, Dr. Deng discovered two genes in wild rice that can increase the yield by
30 percent.
2) To her great relief, her daughter had left the building before it collapsed.
3) To our disappointment, our women's team lost out to the North Koreans.
4) We think, much to our regret, that we will not be ab

le to visit you during the coming
Christ mas.
2. 1) These birds nest in the vast swamps (which lie to the) east of the Nile.
2) By 1948, the People's Liberation Army had gained control of the vast areas north of the
Yangtze River.
3) Michelle was born in a small village in the north of France, but came to live in the United
States at the age of four. ■
4) The Columbia River rises in western Canada and continues/runs through the United States for
about 1,900 kilometers west of the Rocky Mountains.
Comprehensive Exercises
I. Cloze
(A)
1. invasion
3. Conquest
5. launching
7. campaign
9. reckon with
2. stand in the way
4. catching... off his guard
6. declaration
8. drag on
10. bringing...to a halt
Appendix I - 91 -
(B)
1. allow 2. reckoned
3. highly 4. forecasts
5. rapidly 6. instant
7. delivery 8. advantage
9. observing 10. Powerful
II. Translation
1. Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the
farm.
2. We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated
weapons.
3. Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasingly
desperate.
4. Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgment.
5. Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the village neighborhood
committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.
The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. Our
troops engaging the enemy at the front were faced with strong/fierce/stiff resistance. The
divi sion commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and
launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us were
afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a
gamble. We started under cover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties. By a
stroke of luck, the temperature at night suddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the
marsh froze over. Thanks to the cold weather, we arrived at our destination before dawn and
began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy,
caught off guard, soon surrendered.
Part III TextB
Comprehension Check
1. d
3. b
.-
2. d
4. a
- 92 - Appendix I
Translation
(#JE Appendix III)
Language Practice
1. boast 2. obstacles
3. was concerned 4. call ...off
5. paid off 6. was pinned down
7. are contesting 8. prior to
9. holdout 10. objective
11. responsible for 12. in case
13. favorable 14. due to
15. on the eve of 16. cancel
17. complications 18. stiff
19. withstand 20. absent
■
Part IV Theme-Related Language Learning Tasks
Writing Strategy
Tick which of the following is more convincing:
_____________ It was reported that General Eisenhower, though indecisive sometimes, had no
hesitation in ordering the assault on Normandy.
______ √_____Eisenhow

er's chief of staff, Brigadier General Water Bedell Smith, later wrote:
"... He sat there ... tense, weighing every consideration. Finally he looked up,
and the tension was gone from his face. He said briskly, 'well, we'll go."
ModelPaper
Can Man Triumph over Nature?
When people talk of man triumphing over nature, many things come to mind. One thinks of
successes in medicine in the fight against disease, such as the invention of antibiotics and the promise
held out by advances in biogenetic engineering. On a broader scale, one thinks of man's success in
harnessing new forms of energy from steam power through oil to nuclear power.
Yet, nature has often hit back in unexpected ways to these attempts to tame it. New forms of
Appendix I -
98 -
disease that are resistant to antibiotics are constantly developing. Burning fossil fuels has led to
fears of global warming; while nuclear power has produced dangerous waste that will remain a
hazard for generations to come.
However, perhaps to talk of man triumphing over nature is the wrong way to look at the
matter. We need to find ways to work with nature rather than forever fighting against it.
(154words)





Unit Two Smart Cars
★Text A
Vocabulary
I.
1.
1) expansion 2) automated 3) vapor 4) take control of 5) hazards 6) satellite
7) vibrated 8) magnetic 9) bunched 10) in the air 11) got/was stuck in
12) approximately
2.
1) send out 2) stand up for 3) pass for 4) were closing in on
5) starting up 6) went through 7) fill out 8) fall into
3.
1) … incorporates all the latest safety features
2) …two trees ten feet apart
3) … awarding lucrative contracts to his construction site
4) … the prototype of a new model before they set up a factory to make the cars.
5) … are correlated in all racial groups
4.
1) the application, remote, has turned into a reality, are poised to
2) that vibrate, can detect, frequency
3) lanes, are mounted in, alert a, hazard
II. Word Formation
Clipped Words Blends
kilo kilogram Medicare medical care
memo memorandum email electronic mail
gym gymnasium comsat communications satellite
lib liberation newscast news broadcast
doc doctor skyjack sky hijack
vet veterinarian Eurodollar European dollar
prep preparatory brunch breakfast and lunch
auto automobile telecast television broadcast
flu influenza Oxbridge Oxford and Cambridge
III.
1. swimming pool 2. drawing board 3. enriched Middle English

4. disturbing change 5. fully developed prototype 6.Canned foods
7. working population 8. puzzling differences
Comprehensive Exercises
I. Cloze
1.
1) computerized 2) start up 3) be poised to 4) alert 5)hazards 6) monotonous
7) take control of 8) steer 9) lane 10) decrease 11) calculate 12) eliminate
13) getting stuck in 14) mounted 15) detect 16) vapor
2.

1) generates 2) related 3) revolutionized 4) enabled 5) opportunities
6) overall 7) manufacturing 8) dependent 9) interact 10) fatalities
II. Translation
1.
1) There was an unusual quietness in the air,except for the sound of artillery in the distance.
2) The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social problem.
3) The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels areclosely correlated withglobal temperatures.
4) The frequencyof the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minutes recently
5) The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised tojump at the signal from the coach.
2.
Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the applicationof computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminatemost of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mountedin your car can detectalcohol vapor in the airand refuse to start upthe engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellitesand greatly reduce your chances of getting stuckin traffic jams.
★ Text B
Comprehension Check: 1. a 2.c 3.c 4. d 5. b 6. b
Language practice
1．1）c 2）a 3）e 4）b 5）f 6）g 7）d 8）h
2．
1）en route 2) matures 3) equivalent 4) feasible 5) in cooperation with 6) exposure
7) At the start of 8) thereby 9) implemented 10) realistic 11) component 12) by meansof


Unit Two Smart Cars
★Text A
Vocabulary
I.
1.
1) expansion 2) automated 3) vapor 4) take control of 5) hazards 6) satellite
7) vibrated 8) magnetic 9) bunched 10) in the air 11) got/was stuck in
12) approximately
2.
1) send out 2) stand up for 3) pass for 4) were closing in on
5) starting up 6) went through 7) fill out 8) fall into
3.
1) … incorporates all the latest safety features
2) …two trees ten feet apart
3) … awarding lucrative contracts to his construction site
4) … the prototype of a new model before they set up a factory to make the cars.
5) … are correlated in all racial groups
4.
1) the application, remote, has turned into a reality, are poised to
2) that vibrate, can detect, frequency
3) lanes, are mounted in, alert a, hazard
II. Word Formation
Clipped Words Blends
kilo kilogram Medicare medical care
memo memorandum email electronic mail
gym gymnasium comsat communications satellite
lib liberation newscast news broadcast
doc doctor skyjack sky hijack
vet veterinarian Eurodollar European dollar
prep preparatory brunch breakfast and lunch
auto automobile

telecast television broadcast
flu influenza Oxbridge Oxford and Cambridge
III.
1. swimming pool 2. drawing board 3. enriched Middle English

4. disturbing change 5. fully developed prototype 6.Canned foods
7. working population 8. puzzling differences
Comprehensive Exercises
I. Cloze
1.
1) computerized 2) start up 3) be poised to 4) alert 5)hazards 6) monotonous
7) take control of 8) steer 9) lane 10) decrease 11) calculate 12) eliminate
13) getting stuck in 14) mounted 15) detect 16) vapor
2.
1) generates 2) related 3) revolutionized 4) enabled 5) opportunities
6) overall 7) manufacturing 8) dependent 9) interact 10) fatalities
II. Translation
1.
1) There was an unusual quietness in the air,except for the sound of artillery in the distance.
2) The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social problem.
3) The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels areclosely correlated withglobal temperatures.
4) The frequencyof the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minutes recently
5) The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised tojump at the signal from the coach.
2.
Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the applicationof computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminatemost of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mountedin your car can detectalcohol vapor in the airand refuse to start upthe engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellitesand greatly reduce your chances of getting stuckin traffic jams.
★ Text B

Comprehension Check: 1. a 2.c 3.c 4. d 5. b 6. b
Language practice
1．1）c 2）a 3）e 4）b 5）f 6）g 7）d 8）h
2．
1）en route 2) matures 3) equivalent 4) feasible 5) in cooperation with 6) exposure
7) At the start of 8) thereby 9) implemented 10) realistic 11) component 12) by meansof














Unit 3
Part IListening Task
Script for the recording:
As you battle the competitive job market, your résumé is going to be the key weapon you use to get hired. For better or for worse, this is your calling card to the recruiting directors of the business world.
There is one key piece of advice that seems to get lost on most people, one of the most important things you can do when applying for a job. And it is this: Target your résumé.
People, we work in advertising. What do you think your résumé is? It’s just an ad for you. Just like a good ad targets its consumer, a good résumé hits the target right between the eyes and says, “You

have to hire me.” In this case, the consumer is the recruiting director at the company where you’d like to work. Never forget that.
Here’s what I mean: Recruiting directors are a practical lot. They want to find the “easiest” possible person to hire. That is, someone who fits their job description perfectly.
If the job description says they are looking for an account director with, at least, 5 years of experience and a background in package goods, that’s exactly who they want to hire. Now, that doesn’t mean they won’t consider anyone else, but where do you think they are going to start?
If you have more than five or so years of experience, you can start your résumé with a summary. A summary captures about four or five bullet points that show why you’re a perfect match for the job. In our example above, that first bullet point would say something like:
Account director with more than 5 years of experience leading diverse agency teams as large as 18 on package-goods accounts including Unilever and Hershey.
When they pick up that résumé, you want them to nod and think, “This person is perfect for the job.”
After Listening
1. calling card2. target one’s résumé3. job description
4. summary
Part II Reading Task
Comprehension
Possible answers to content questions:
1.He runs a manufacturing company.
2.Almost all of them were no.
3.This applicant was ill prepared for the job he was applying for and therefore ill qualified.
4.Prepare to win.
5.They now have to switch jobs frequently.
6.A 90-year-old tennis player who wanted to work on his weakness --backhand court.
7.Believing in yourself, even when no one else does.13

8.Because he will mention a cab driver who is different.
9.His efforts to make a difference.
10.He was offered a ride on a day when Minnesota was hit with one of the worst snowstorms in years and the international airport there was closed for the first time in decades.
11.Because there were no tracks left in the snow, which means he was the first person to take off from there.
12.Carlson was excited about being first, which is exactly what the writer recommends to job applicants.
Text Organization
1.
PartsParagraphsMain Ideas
Part OneParas 1-6An ill-prepared college graduate failed his interview.
Part TwoParas 7-27Four pieces of advice on being a successful interviewee.
Part ThreeParas 28-31Make your own tracks in whateveryou do.
2.
SuggestionsExamples
1) Prepare to win.1) Michael Jordan
2) Never stop learning.2) a 90-year-old tennis player
3) Believe in yourself,3) the four-minute mile, the New York Marathon and the
even when no one else does.Vietnam veteran.
4) Find a way to make a difference.4) a New York cabdriver.
Language Sense Enhancement
1.
(1) checked with(2) interview
(3) grill(4) clippings
(5) be right for(6) follow up
(7) indicating （8）hand-delivered
(9) prepared(10) prospective
Language Focus
I.
1.
1) rude2) physically
3) stru

cture4) made a difference
5) blurted (out)6) chuckling
7) measurable8) prospective
9) preparations10) sparkled
11) took a crack at12) partner
2.
1) go after2) look back at/on14

3) be put up 4) stood for
5) build in6) follow up
7) behooked up to8) closed up
3.
1) grilled her about where she hadbeen all night
2) beyond Cinderella’s wildest dreams that she could one day dance in the King’s palace
3) will be in readers’hands soon
4) do your homework before going on an interview.
5) was in the neighborhood of 150 dollars.
4.
1）applicants, veteran,the prospective
2）From his standpoint,has made every endeavorto go after
3) as the saying goes, tohave a crack at,barely
II. Words with Multiple Meanings
1. behave2. used to avoid repetition
3. clean4. get along
5. perform/complete6. perform/complete
7. study8. be enough
9. be acceptable
III. Usage
1. There is so much to say and it is hard to know where to begin.OK,I’ll talk about myself first.
2. Thank you very much, John, for yourbeautiful Christmas card.By the way, I have something here for you.
3. The new computer language can be quite easily understood by anyone who can read the daily newspaper. Now, why is this an advantage?
4. I’m going to work out the outline and will let you know how it goes. By the way, I will see you in February, as I plan to attend your seminar in Shanghai.
5. OK, you got the job. Now,how to maximize your profits with as little effort as possible?
6. Chris isback from Australia. Incidentally,those pictures you sent me are wonderful.

Comprehensive Exercises
I. Cloze
1.
(1) prospective(2)As I see it(3) done your homework (4) beforehand
(5) endeavor(6) structure(7) partners(8) Respond
(9) take a crack(10) from the standpoint(11) make a difference(12) follow up
2.
(1) encouraging(2) inquiry
(3) relevant (4) samples15

(5) references (6) advice
(7) preparing (8) seriously
(9) probably (10) exhibit
II. Translation
1.
1) Despite the inadequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing, the veteranpilot managed to stop the plane aftertaxiingfor only a short while.
2) Grilledby the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted (out)that she had undergone two plastic surgeries.
3) We have the technology and ourpartnerhas the capital. Working together, we’ll have the future in our hands.
4) If I had known beforehandthat you would bring so many friends home,I would have made betterpreparations.You see, I have barelyenough food and drinks for a snack.
5) People gave generouslyupon learning that new school rooms with stronger structureswere to be built in the earthquake-stricken area.
2.
Well begun, half done, as the saying goes. It is extremely important for a jobapplicantto do his homework while seeking employment. From my standpoint, whether or not one has done his homeworkclearly makes a difference in his chance of success.
I have a friend who is earning somewherein the neighborhood of

100,000 dollars a years in a large computer software company. He told me that from his own experience the decision makers who interview prospective employees like people who are well prepared. Those who make no endeavorto learn as much about his prospective employer as possible don’t have much of a chanceof success.
Part III Home Reading Task
Comprehension Check
1.b2.c
3.a4.a
5.a6.b
Translation
1.父母亲都觉得我不会被录用。“你要有后台才行。那可是一家美国机构，洛克菲勒基金会。你一定要有后台。”
2.当然，不工作就没饭吃，除非嫁人，那叫做“终于有了归宿。”
3.她留着新式的发型，是我所喜欢的那种满头卷发竖立着的式样，穿着下摆印有花纹的裙子。由于她怀孕已快足月，所以她向我走过来时似乎是她的肚子最先到达我的面前。
4.我跟哈内德先生说了，你刚才是因害羞不安而没法做记录的。他挺不错的，只要慢慢习惯起来就行了。
Language Practice16

1.
1) g2)f3) a4) e
5) h6) b7) c8) d
2.
1) intricate2) came at
3) administration4) benign
5) get in6) scraps
7) brand8) carved
9) coiled10) quivered
11) take on12) put in a (good) word
Part IV ComprehensiveLanguage Practice
Model Application Letter
Rm. 316, New College Dormitory
Xuanwu University, 2270 Zhongshan Road
Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008
Tel: (025) 9709399
Email: hqin@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/458294998.html,
August 25, 2010
Dr. Guoliang Li
Director of the Human Resources Office
Shanghai Star
20F, Huaihai Building
200 Huaihai Road (Middle)
Shanghai 200021
Dear Dr. Li,
In searching for employment opportunitieson the Internet, I learned of a job vacancy in the Public Affairs Reporting Section of your newspaper. I believe that my qualifications match the requirements you have listed for the position.
As a journalism major at Xuanwu University in Nanjing, my academic training has enabled me to develop my writing and editing skills, particularly in the reporting of public affairs. Atcollege, English, Reporting Public Affairs, Advertising and Public Relations have been my favorite subjects. I would like to utilize my interests and training to the fullest through working on a newspaper as well-known as your own.
My résuméreflects my experience as a journalistic intern with two newspapers in Nanjing. While working there I did both research work and reporting. I greatly enjoyed work as a professional reporter and the challenge of writing to deadlines, all of which I successfully met.
I have won several awards for my journalistic work and was admitted to the Journalists' 17

Association of Jiangsu Province last year. I was the vice chairman of the Students' Union in my university for two years. The enclosed résuméprovides further informationabout my experience and background.
I wonder if it would be possible for us to meet one of these days so that you could learn more about me and I could find out more about the specifi

cs of the job. Please call me anytime on (025) 9709399 Monday through Friday. Thank you for your time and consideration.
Sincerely,
Hong Qin
Hong Qin



Unit 4
Text A
Text rganization 1.

Parts Paragraphs Main Ideas
Part One Paras 1-3 Introduction to Davos Man and the World Economic Forum
Part Two Paras 4-5 Debate over the impact of globalization on current society and culture
Part Three ppppPTThreeThree Paras 6-8 History of globalization and its recent trends and future prospects
Part Four Paras. 9-11 Globalization versus nationalism and the challenges it faces
2.

Main Events
1. Davos man spends a lot of time in places other than his native country.
2. Davos Man sees their identity as a mater of personal choice, not an accident of birth.
3. Davos Man believes that globalization, the unimpeded flows of capital, labor and technology across national borders, is both welcome and unstoppable.
4. Davos Man sees the world increasingly as one vast, interconnected market-place in which corporations search for the most advantageous locations to buy, produce and sell their goods and services.

Vocabulary
I.
1) advantageous 2) let alone
3) witnessing/vanishing 4) landmark
5) entitled 6) displace
7) Establishment 8) patriotic/strengthen
9) contradictions 10) aspires
11) divorced 12) pendulums

2. 1) come to 2) dozed off
3) believed in 4) was set apart
5) take in 6) sucks in
7) clean up 8) turn away
3. 1) For me, it makes no/little difference whether we go there by train or by bus.
2) Toyata has overtaken General Motors as the world’s biggest car maker.
3) Shortly after their marriage, Mr. Chambers was at odds with his wife over money matters.
4) Henry has been at the forefront of nanotechnology research.
5) She doesn’t even know how to boil potatoes, let alone cook a meal.
5. a) is increasingly/to accelerate/their investment
b) economy/make an earnest/domestic/strike a balance between
c) a handful of/be endorsed by/on a large scale
II. Word Formation
WTO World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织
GDP Gross domestic product 国内生产总值
ATM Automated teller machine 自动出纳机
VAT Value-added tax 增值税
CAD Computer-aided design 计算机辅助设计
IT Information technology 信息技术
IDD International direct dialing 国际直拨电话
MTV Music television 音乐电视
Radar Radio detecting and ranging 雷达
IOC International Olympic Committee 国际奥委会
VIP Very important person 贵宾，大人物
Laser Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation 激光
CPU Central processing unit 中央处理器


III. Usage
1. An unusual present, a book on ethics, was given to Henry for his birthday.
2. The reason(he gave) that he didn’t notice the car till too late was unsa

tisfactory.
3. Football, his only interest in life, has brought him many friends.
4. Cloning had been raised as a possibility decades ago, then dismissed, something that serious scientists thought was simply not going to happen anytime soon.

Comprehensive Exercises
I. Cloze
2. networking
4. growth
6. facilitate
8. outlook
10. patriotic
12. strike a balance
(A)
1. academics
3.a variety of
5. vanish
7. endorsing
9. sweeping aside
11. erasing
(B)

1. aided 2.effects
3.distances 4. connected
5. invested 6. features
7. prevailing 8. qualitatively
9. volume 10. Distinguishing
II. Translation
1.) Due to his pessimistic outlook on the European economy, John has moved his assets from Europe to elsewhere.

2) I like hiring young people. They are earnest learners and committed to work.
3) Unlike her girl friends who center their lives on their children, Mary cares more about her personal growth.
4) Why is it that a considerable number of colleagues are at odds with you?
5) The Chinese government has introduced a variety of policies to strengthen cooperation with developing countries.
2．
Globalization has great implications for young Chinese. For example, young farmers are moving on a large scale to urban areas to look for jobs. And for those young people who aspire to study abroad or work in foreign-invested enterprises, English has become increasingly important. At the same time, a considerable number of overseas Chinese students have returned home in recent years, for they hold an optimistic outlook for the long-term growth of the Chinese economy. The internet has strengthened the links between Chinese young people and those elsewhere. They follow the latest trend and copy foreign fashions. Some of them don’t seem to care for traditional Chinese virtues, let alone carry them forward, which has given rise to worries that the traditional Chinese culture might one day vanish.
Part III Text B
Comprehension Check
1. c 2. a
3. b 4. b
5. c 6. d
Translation
1. 如果9/11 有什么引人注目的地方，那就是恐怖主义者们来自世界上全球化程度最低、最不开放、融合程度最低的地方：沙特阿拉伯、也门、阿富汗和巴基斯坦西北部。
2. “全球化疲劳在欧美仍很显著，而在中国和印度这样的地方，你会发现人们急切地想参与到经济扩张进程中来，”印度国大党的首席经济顾问杰伦兰密施说。
3. 印度大多数人是不是还生活在贫穷的乡村？确实如此。我们是不是需要强迫富裕的西方国家进一步开发市场，好让贫穷国家销售它们最擅长的东西；食品和纺织品，以使全球化更公平呢？当然需要。
4. 一，全球化有优点也有缺点，但如果参与全球化的国家有恰当的制度和管理，它们就能从中获得最大的好处，并且能缓和最不利的方面造成的影响，
Language practice
1.
1) d
2) f
3) e
4) a
5) b

6) g
7) h
8) c
2.
1) globalizing
2) software
3) stable
4) subsidies
5) A majority of
6) in evidence
7) add to
8) so be it
9) blew up
10) take advantage of
11) phase out
12) You bet



Unit 5
Text A
Text oganization 1.

Parts Paragraphs Main Ideas
Part One Paras 1 It is no easy to judge people, for they aren’t always what they appear to be
Part Two Paras 2-3 Kind and gentle, Edward Burton, a wealthy merchant, appeared as if he could not bear to hurt a fly.
Part Three Paras 4-51 History of globalization and its recent trends and future prospects





sections Paragraphs Main Ideas
section One Paras 4-16 What Edward knew about Lenny
section Two Paras 17-31 How Edward responded to Lenny’s request
section Three Paras 32-51 How Edward, a “kind” gentleman, handled a friend in desperate need of help

Vocabulary
I
1) In a way 2) in accordance 3) vacancy 4) in good condition 5) transparent 6) rub 7) spicy 8) hitherto
9) with (a) bad grace 10) instinct 11) pawned 12) current

2.
1) turned up 2) will stick to 3) brought back 4)go about
5) driving at 6) put away 7) over 8) took aback

3.
1) has a very weak constitution --- she may not be able to survive the operation.
2) was taken aback by the insurance company’s rejection of my compensation claim
3) was something of a surprise when we ran into each other in a place like that.
4) needs trimming/ to be trimmed ---it’s getting too long.
5) are often seceptive

4.
1) Oddly enough /went broke /wrinkled / he had gone all to pieces
2) definite / is capable of /her vanity
3) too mild / sipping / stroke

II. Usage
1. Except for 2. except that 3. except 4. except when
5. except to 6. except what 7. except where 8. except that

III.

vocabulary spelling
AmE BrE AmE BrE
apartment flat favorable favourable
can tin paralyze paralyse
candy sweets labor labour
elevator lift meter metre
faculty staff (of a university) catalog catalogue
first floor ground floor leveling levelling
gas, gasoline petrol theater theatre
mail post defense defence
railroad railway plow plough
pants trousers program programme
subway tube, underground practice (v.) practise
corn maize characterize characterise
store shop tire tyre (on a car)

Comprehensive exercises
I. Cloze
1.
1. insane 2. current 3. candid 4. capable 5. was taken aback
6. in good condition 7. constitution 8. go all to pieces 9. gone broke
10. vacancy 11. mild 12. deceptive

2.
1. suspected 2. pleading 3. confirmed 4. stunned 5. lucrative
6. jewellery 7. wealthy 8. urge 9. spell 10. arrested

II. Translation
1.
1) I have an instinct that Henry will seek to join the expedition, because he is something of an adventurer.
2) He is capable of sticking to the task at h

and, even if he is exposed to noises.
3) The trademark was registered in accordance with the laws hitherto in force.
4) Oddly enough, many people volunteered to help organize the meeting, but only a few turned up.
5) The teacher’s affectionate words, along with his candid comments, changed the way Mike perceived the society and himself.
2.
For my own part, I find that appearances are all too often deceptive. For instance, you might be wrong if you judged by appearances only people like Edward Hyde Burton. In appearance, he seemed a man all of a piece. He was a tiny little fellow with white hair and mild blue eyes, gentle and candid. Nevertheless, he turned out to be very cruel. He insulted and fooled Lenny who was down and out and made him commit himself to an insane venture. What was still more surprising was that he was completely indifferent to Lenny’s death. Without doubt, Burton was a man with a heart of stone.






Unit6
Vocabulary 1

1) appliances 2) comparative 3) multiply 4) distribution
5) prosperity 6) decorate 7) famine 8) large quantities of/ a large quantity of
9) streamline 10) fax 11) pointed the way to 12) bewildered
Vocabulary 2

1) eat into 2) cling to
3) stand out/ stood out 4) wears away
5) set about 6) switch off
7) will be turned loose 8) poured in

Vocabulary 3
1) is forecast to be below average next year, which at the moment is 4 percent.
2) to enter the building and find the baby girl proved futile as rescuers were driven out by the heat and flames.
3) was urged to divert some of its attention from expanding production and get more involved with issues of market demand.
4) can really eat heavily into your profits when you are selling suits at ￡900 and dresses at ￡2,000.
5) has toiled endlessly over the exercise machine for the last twenty years in order to keep her body in shape.

Vocabulary 4
1) reaction to; discontent; provoked
2) convention; evading tax; the confines of
3) a burden; are always on the go/ seem forever on the go; to cope

II. Confusable Words
1. 1) nervousness 2) tension 3) stress; stress 4) tension
2. 1) honorary 2) Honorable 3) honorable 4) honorary 5) honorable 6) Honorary

III. Usage
1) Dealing with the extinction crisis is no simple matter. Is it sensible, we may ask, to spend large sums of money to save some species – be it an elephant or an orchid – in a nation in which a large proportion of the population is living below the poverty line?
2) This new technology could be used anywhere large numbers of people need to be quickly screened --- at airports, train stations, bus terminals or border crossings. However, experts suspect, there is also the risk that people will learn to fool the machine the same way they try to fool polygraph readings by controlling their breath or taking drugs to relax themselves.
3) With a high percentage of marriages ending in divorce, often due to financial difficulties, you would say that mo

ney is a big factor in making a good marriage. But, believe it or not, it isn’t money that ensures you a happy marriage; it is your philosophy of life that does.
4) Not all the risks on the Internet are sexual, you know. Sites promoting violence are just a click away, and may include instructions for making bombs and other destructive devices.

Cloze (Text-related)
1) switch off 2) obliged 3) on the go 4) cope
5) shortage 6) large quantity of 7) pouring in 8) by nature
9) fraction 10) futile

Cloze (Theme-related)
1) advantage 2) wisely 3) faithfully
4) waking 5) includes 6) schedule
7) sticking 8) priorities 9) set
10) respect

Translation
1) They are exploring the new frontiers of medical science in an attempt to find remedies for incurable diseases/ cures for diseases that are beyond remedy so far.
2) Her unique teaching methods apart, Ms Wilson, my math teacher, never tried to cram knowledge into my head.
3) The regular weather forecast by the Central TV Station keeps us up with the changes of weather wherever we go on a trip.
4) The appalling explosion started a big fire and caused the partial collapse of the building.
5) In the modern world, there are more ways than ever to waste away time, and all kinds of distractions are eating into our precious time.

Today we are under constant pressure to work longer hours, to produce more, and to possess more. Lots of people hold the wrong perception that happiness lies in working hard and earning well/ good money.
Many women today feel the same stress to work and get ahead and, at the same time, to nurture their offspring and shoulder the burden of domestic responsibilities.
Research shows that workaholism tends to distance us from our immediate families. It forces us to toil longer and longer hours, leaving a minute fraction of our time to be physically and emotionally available to our loved ones. Intimacy among family members is doomed to die in the process.