初三英语时态语态精讲多练(附练习答案)

时态语态

动词时态包括：

1、一般现在时

2、一般过去时

3、现在进行时

4、现在将来时

5、过去进行时

6、现在完成时

7、过去将来时

8、过去完成时

一、一般现在时

句型：1、主语（复数名词、代词：I、you ,they）+ 动词原形

2、主语（单数名词、代词:he,she,it）+ 动词（加s、es）

3、否定句、疑问句中的一般现在时

一般现在时与时间状语

1、一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性动作。常用的时间状语有：always, usually, often, never, sometimes, every(….), once a week, on Saturday

2、在时间，条件状语从句中

If it doesn?t rain tomorrow, we?ll go for a picnic.

I will tell her the message as soon as I see her.

She wouldn?t stop crying until her mother came home.

3、一般现在时表客观事实或普遍真理

The teacher said that the moon is smaller than the earth.

二、一般过去时

句型：

1、主语+did/ 主语+ was、were

2、助动词有：did/was/were；既行为动词没有主谓一致变化；be动词单数是was

复数是were

3、熟记动词的过去时态形式

过去时及其用法

1、一般过去时表过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态

2、常见时间状语有：yesterday, last…,… ago,

just now , in+过去时间, one day, at the age of, when

例如：The boy began to learn English when he was five.

Jack often got up very late during the summer holiday.

Did you visit the Great Wall while you were traveling in BJ?

三、现在进行时

句型：

1、主语+（is, am, are）+现在分词（v-ing）

2、现阶段“正在，在” 进行的动作，常用时间状语有：now, right now, at the

moment, these days, look!

例如：1.Have you moved into your new house?---Not yet. It ____ (paint)

2.Look there! Ma Ning ______(play) basketball alone.

四、现在将来时

句型：

1、主语+will do…or will be…

主语+ (is am are) going…

2、有些动词象：go, come, arrive, leave,start, die 等表示移动的动词，它们的进行时态形式表示将来

The Greens are leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.

3、一般将来时表示“将，将要”来要发生的动作或状态，常用时间状语有：

tomorrow, this afternoon , next week, in+一段时间

五、过去进行时

句型：

1、was/were + doing…

2、过去某个“时间点” “正在，在” 进行的动作

3、时间状语有：at seven yesterday morning, from 9 to 10 last night, at this time last Monday, when、while等

例如：I was watching TV when my teacher came to my home.

He was drinking with us when the killing happened.

It was 8:00 now, and he was having his breakfast.

六、现在完成时

1．现在完成时：顾名思义，现在完成时表示的是已经完成的动作，但动作造成的影响还在，常被just,already,yet 等副词修饰。

如：He has already gone to Tianjin.

对现在造成的影响是他已经不在这儿了。

2．现在完成时还可用来表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，常带有for或since 等表示一段时间的状语。

如：Mr Wang has lived here since 1983.

3．表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，我们常用"过"来表示，常带有twice, once, ever, never等时间状语。

如：I've never seen that film.

易混时态的比较

一般过去式和现在完成时：

一般过去式只是表示事情发生在过去，陈述一个事实，它可以和确定的表示过去的时间状语

如：last night, in 1999, three days ago等连用。

现在完成时表示某一完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，所以它不能和确定的表示过去的时间状语连用。

如：We have seen that film. 我们已看过那部电影。

对现在造成的影响是我们对影片已有所了解。

We saw the film last night. 昨天晚上我们看了那部电影。

只说明昨天晚上看电影这一事实。

注意：有些时间状语，如this morning,tonight, this month 等，既可用于一般过去时，又可用于现在完成时，但所表达的意义有所不同。用于现在完成时表示包括现在在内，而用于一般过去式则与现在无关。

如：I have read this book this April.(说话时仍然为四月。)

I read this book this April. (说话时四月份已过。)

动词时态专项训练

一、用所给词的适当形式填空：

1.He______________swimming in the river every day in summer. (go)

2.It________________you are right. ( seem )

3.Look, the children____________ basketball on the playground. ( play )

4.He______________to the radio when I came in, ( listen )

5.It is very cold .I think it______________ . ( rain )

6. I need some paper . I______________ some for you . ( bring )

7.I cant find my pen . Who______________it ? ( take )

8.He said that he______________back in five minutes . ( come )

9.I didn?t meet him. He______________ when I got there. ( leave )

10.I______________my bike, so I have to walk to school. ( lose )

11.He______________down and began to read his newspaper. ( sit )

12.He is very hungry. He_________________ anything for three days. ( not eat )

13.I______________with you if I have time . ( go )

14.We will go to the cinema if it______________fine . (be )

15.I will tell her the news when she______________to see me next week. (come)

16. When______________you______________the car ? In 1998 . ( buy )

17.We______________good friends since we met at school . （be）

18.What______________you______________ at five yesterday afternoon ? (do)

19.The bike is nice . How much______________it______________? (cost)

20. When______________the car______________ ? In 1998 . ( buy )

用所给动词的适当形式填空：

1. Sometimes he ______________(go) to school on foot.

2. She often _______________(watch) TV on Sundays.

3. The boy _________________(not bring ) his homework every day.

4. ______________you ________________(like) English?

5. What _________________his father usually in the evening(do) ?

6. Mr. Liu ______________(have) no children.

7. We ________________(not have) lessons on Saturdays.

8. _______________his mother ______________(cook)? Yes, she does.

9. Forty plus fifty _______________(be) ninety.

10. My brother ___________________ （like）playing football very much

11. Where do your grandparents come from? They _______________(come) from Guangdong.

12. They _______________(have) a party yesterday evening.

13. She ________________(not play) the guitar last week.

14. ________________ your sister _______________(study) in this school two years ago?

15. There _______________(be) a little factory in this town in 2001.

16. _______________you _______________(see ) a film this morning?

17. Where _________________you ________________(work) last year?

18. When ____________you ____________(buy) the book? I ______________(buy) it when I _____________(be) ten years old.

19. ________________he ________________(live) here? No, he didn?t.

20. He _________________(read) an interesting book now.

21. She _________________(make) a model plane these days.

22. Look! The boys ________________(play) soccer.

23. Listen to the little girl. She _______(recite) a poem.

24. Where is Tom? He _________________(stand) under the tree.

25. It?s five o?clo ck. The students ___________________(play) sports.

26. What are you doing? I _________________(write) and he __________________(watch) TV.

27. ________your friends ________(prepare) for the test? Yes, they are.

28. He _________________(not do) his homework. He _________________(play) video games now.

29. They _______________(leave) here tomorrow.

30. I ________________(not go ) to the city next week.

31. _______________ he _________________(come ) here and help me this evening?

32. There __________________(be) a school here in 2007.

33. The Olympic games ________________(hold) in Beijing in 2008.

34. What _________________the weather________________(be) like the day after tomorrow?

35. What day _________________it _________________(be) the day after tomorrow?

36. What _________________she ____________________(do) this afternoon?

37. ________the tourists _________(get) here soon?

38. ______________the foreigners __________________(visit) our school? Yes, they will.

39. The teacher _______________(come) right away.

40. ________________he _________________(not finish) the work at once?

41. If it _______________(not rain) tomorrow, we will go to the zoo.

42. When he ______________(get) to Shanghai next week, he will write to us.

43. After he comes back, I _______________(tell) you to know.

44.She __________(bring) to the Great Wall next year afternoon she __________(have) time.

45. Before you _______________(enter) someone?s house, you should take off your shoes.

二、选择最佳答案填空

（）1.Well go swimming if the weather______fine tomorrow.

A. is

B.was

C. will be

D.is going to be

（）2.It______five years since he has left for Beijing.

A. was

B. has been

C.is

D.is going to be

（）3.Please dont leave the office until your friend______back.

A.came

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4b14545736.html,es

C.have come

D.will come

（）4.By the end of last year he______about 1500 English words.

A. learns

B.learned

C.was learning

D.had learned

（）5.Listen ! Someone______in the next room .

A.cried

B.crying

C.is crying

D.has cried

（）6.You must tell him the news as soon as you______him.

A.see

B.sees

C.will see

D.is seeing

（）7.He told me that he______to see us the next day.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4b14545736.html,es

B. came

C. will come

D. would come

（）8.We cant find him anywhere . Perhaps he______home.

A. is going

B. went

C. has come

D. would come

（）9.The teacher told us that the sun______bigger than the earth.

A. is

B. was

C. has been

D.will be

（）10.Could you tell me where the railway station______?

A. was

B. is

C. will be

D. would be

（）11.We______to the Great Wall several times.

A. go

B. were going

C. have gone

D.have been

（）12.It seemed that the old man______for something over there.

A. looks

B. looked

C. was looking

D. has looked

（）13.He was sure that he______his wallet in the office .

A. left

B. would leave

C. had left

D. has left

（）14.You must study hard if you______ want to fail the exam.

A. wont

B. dont

C. havent

D. hadnt

（）15. Im afraid you cant sit here . Sorry , I______know.

A. dont

B. wont

C. cant

D. didnt

（）16. As she______the newspaper , Granny______asleep.

A. read , was falling

B. was reading fell

C. was reading , was falling

D.read , fell

（）17. Jim is not coming tonight . But he______ !

A. promises（许诺）

B. promised

C. will promise

D. had promised

（）18. Whats her name? I______.

A. forget

B. forgot

C. had forgotten

D. am forgetting

三、动词时态能力综合测试

（）1.He often______his clothes on Sundays.

A. washing

B. washes

C. has washed

D. wash

（）2.Im Chinese. Where______from?

A. do you come

B. you are coming

C. you come

D. are you coming （）3.May______to school.

A. never walks

B. is never walking

C. walk never

D. never is walking （）4.We will start as soon as our teacher______ .

A. comes

B. will come

C. come

D. is coming

（）5.How long ago______playing football?

A. have you stopped

B. had you stopped

C. did you stop

D. do you stop （）6.It______ hard when I left my house .

A. is raining

B. rains

C. was raining

D. will rain

（）7.I think this question______to answer.

A. easy

B. is easy

C. was easy

D. will easy

（）8. Dont talk so loudly . Your father______.

A. sleeps

B. is sleeping

C. slept

D. had slept

（）9.How many people does the doctor know who______of the disease (疾病)？

A. are dying

B. is dying

C. has died

D. dies （）10.I______my homework now.

A. finish

B. finished

C. have finished

D. had finished

（）11.He______for three years.

A. has joined

B. has been in the army

C. joined

D. has served the army

（）12.His grandfather______for thirty years.

A. died

B. was dead

C. has been dead

D. has died

（）13.I______ from my brother for a long time.

A. not have heard

B. have not heard

C. have heard not

D. do not hear

（）14.Maths, one of the most important subjects, ______always interested him.

A. has

B. have

C. are

D. is

（）15.Did your brother go to America last year? ______.

A. No , he did never go there

B. No , he has never gone here

C. No , he never was there

D. No , he has never been there

（）16.He______ that factory since 1958.

A. has left

B. has worked in

C. has gone from

D. has come to （）17.Our teacher______to Beijing three times.

A. went

B. had gone

C. has gone

D. has been

（）https://www.wendangku.net/doc/4b14545736.html,st week John______his leg.

A. felt and broken

B. fell and broke

C. feels and breaks

D. fallen and broken （）19.Jack______his thick coat because it was snowing.

A. puts on

B. put on

C. takes on

D. took on

（）20.He______the picture on the wall.

A. hanged

B. hung

C. has hanged

D. was hanged

（）21.Next month______twenty five.

A. has my sister

B. my sister will be

C. my sister shall have

D. my sister is going to be （）22.You______her again in a few weeks.

A. will see

B. have seen

C. had seen

D. have been seen

（）23. By the end of last term we______English for two years.

A. have studied

B. have been studied

C. would studied

D. had studied

（）24.Mrs Brown______in New York for three years before she went to London.

A. lived

B. had lived

C. has lived

D. will live

（）25.When we arrived , the dinner______.

A. already began

B. has already begun

C. had already begun

D. was just begun （）26.I will go home for the holiday as soon as I______ my exams.

A. will finish

B. finish

C. finishing

D. finished

（）27.When______, Ill talk to him.

A. does Peter come

B. Peter will come

C. Peter comes

D. can Peter come （）28.My sister______to see me . Shell be here soon.

A. comes

B. is coming

C. had come

D. came

（）29.They said they______our answer the next day .

A. had heard

B. would hear of

C. would hear

D. will hear

（）30.The old man said that light______faster than sound.

A. went

B. will go

C. travels

D. will travel

语态

英语中表示主语和谓语之间关系的动词形式称为语态。英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. A talk on science____________(give) in our school next Sunday.

2. The letter______________(write) in Japanese. Can you read it for me?

3. Chinese_____________(speak) by more and more people in the world now.

4. The magazines_________ _____(must return) to the library in two weeks.

5. — What kind of rice do you think is the best to eat?

—I like to eat the rice that______________(grow) in the south of China.

6. Something must______________(do) to make our city a better place to live.

7. Three patients_____________(operate) on by the famous doctor in the past 10 hours.

8. We _____________(tell) not to play computer games at school.

9. The little boy was often seen_____________(read) books by the lake after school.

10. The phone ____________-(invent) by Bell. He is very great.

11. — Look at the sign on the right.

—Oh, smoking_____________ (not allow) here.

12. — Why did you move to another city, John?

—Because I _____________(offer) a new job there.

13. — How do you like the dress?

—Very much. It_________(feel) soft and nice.

14. If I _____________(give) more time, I can get everything ready.

15. Zhaozhou Bridge is one of the oldest bridges all over the world.

It_________________(build) about 1,400 years ago.

【指点迷津】

一、被动语态与主动语态相互转换的注意事项

1. 分清动作的执行者和承受者，即分清主动语态和被动语态，如为被动语态，按照不同时态的被动语态规则进行变化。

2. 通常只有及物动词才有被动语态，但一些不及物动词加上介词（副词）构成的动词短语也有被动语态，此时该动词短语不可分割，后面的介词（副词）不能省略。如：

(1) We heard a strange noise yesterday evening.（主动语态）

A strange noise was heard (by us) yesterday evening.

（被动语态，hear为及物动词）

(2) We put on a short play at the party last night.（主动语态）

A short play was put on at the party (by us) last night. （被动语态）

3. 主动句中使役动词make, let, have和感官动词see, feel, hear等后常接不带to 的不定式，但在被动语态中，常将to还原出来。如：

The boss made the children work over twelve hours in the past.（主动语态）

The children were made to work over twelve hours (by the boss) in the past.（被动语态）

4. 带双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时，可将其中的一个变为被动句的主语，另一个不变。一般是把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，如把直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，则在间接宾语前加介词for或者to。如：

My mother gave me a present on my tenth birthday.（主动语态）

I was given a present by my mother on my tenth birthday.

（被动语态，间接宾语作主语）

A present was given to me on my tenth birthday.

（被动语态，直接宾语作主语）

二、其他常考点清单

1. 连系动词look, taste, smell等后接形容词作表语，不用于被动语态，但汉语中有被动的意味。如：

Oh, the milk tastes strange —do you think it?s OK to drink?

2. open, sell, write, wear等用作不及物动词时，它们的主语是物，可用主动语态表被动意义。如：

This kind of shirt sells very well here. 这种衬衫在这儿卖得很好。

3. want / need / require +doing sth.相当于want / need / require + to be done的形式，to be done表示不定式的被动语态。如：

My bike needs repairing. = My bike needs to be repaired.

我的自行车需要修理一下。

4. “People say …”或“They say …”这种句子变为被动语态时，一般用It’s said that …结构，表示“据说……”，“听说……”。

非谓语动词指在句中不充当谓语的动词，它不受主语的限制，但有时态和语态的变化。非谓语动词包括三种形式：分词、动词-ing形式和动词不定式。

【指点】

分词

分词分现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词由“动词+-ing”形式构成，过去分词的基本形式是“动词+-ed”，但也有不规则形式。

现在分词和过去分词的区别：现在分词表示主动、进行之意，过去分词有被动、完成之意。

动词-ing形式

常接动词-ing形式的动词（短语）：

完成实践值得忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy）

继续习惯别放弃（keep on, be used to, give up）

考虑建议不禁想（consider, suggest, can’t help, feel like）

喜欢错过要介意（enjoy, miss, mind）

后面加-ing 的词(词组)

1. worry about

2. be afraid /proud of

3. give up

4. have problems/fun/a good time/difficulty(in)

5. pay attention to

6.be good at

7.dream about

8. be used to(习惯于)

9..have a good/another way of 10. mind 11 spend 12 without /by/after/before 13.because of 14.instead of 15.finish 16.think of 17.hear/see/find/watch +人、物

+doing（表示动作在进行中）18. be interested in

动词不定式

一、基本形式：to +动词原形，如to walk。

否定形式：not+基本形式（短语），如not to watch TV。

当我们需要表明动词不定式中的这个动作是谁发出时，我们可以用带逻辑主语的不定式：for sb. + 基本形式（短语），如for us to finish the work。此外还有一种形式，即带疑问词的动词不定式：疑问词+基本形式（短语），如what to do。

注意：1. 作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：To learn English well is not easy.

2. 如果主语较长，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语不定式放在谓语之后，常用结构为it is + adj. + (for / of sb. / sth.) + to do sth. 如：It’s important for us to learn English well.

二、动词不定式常用于以下这些动词之后：

1. 不定式作宾语用于：“要想做，同意办，愿意不愿意，决定尽量做。”

A. 要求、想要、希望(want, wish, hope, expect, intend, mean)

B. 同意(agree, promise)

C. 意愿(care, hate, refuse)

D. 决定，企图(decide, offer, attempt, try, manage)

2. 不定式作宾语补足语用于：劝教命请叫(advise, teach, order, ask, tell)

允许又警告(allow, permit, warn)

三、有些动词后需接省略to的动词不定式。

一感一助一最好，二听二请二为什么不，三使四看半帮助，无to不定式记心中。

说明：一感：feel（感觉）；一助：即助动词do，does，did，will / shall，包括情态动词can，may，must等，但不包括现在完成时中的have / has；一最好：had better；二听：listen to，hear；二请：副词please后，will you please …；二为什么不：why not，why don’t you …；三使：make, let, have；四看：look at, see, watch, notice; 半帮助：help后可加to也可不加to。

注意：一感、二听、三使、四看在主动语态中省略to，但在被动语态当中to不能省略。

四、有些动词后面既可接动词不定式，又可接动词-ing形式。hear, watch, see等接不定式表示全过程或完成，接动词-ing形式表示正在进行。

stop to do sth. 表示停下来去做另一件事；

stop doing sth. 表示停止正在做的事情。

forget / remember to do sth. 表示忘记（记住）去做某事，事情还没有做；

forget / remember doing sth. 表示忘记（记得）做过某事。

try to do sth. 设法或者努力做某事

中考英语时态和语态专项练习题

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