专八人文知识：语言学部分精选试题(附答案)

专八人文知识：语言学部分精选试题

本文是根据最新专八考试大纲针对人文知识的要求，从语言学内容精选出的考前自测试题。

1.Which of the following statements about language is NOT true?

A. Language is a system

B. Language is symbolic

C. Animals also have language

D. Language is arbitrary

2.Which of the following features is NOT one of the design features of language?

A. Symbolic

B. Dual

C. Productive

D. Arbitrary

3.What is the most important function of language?

A. Interpersonal

B. Phatic

C. Informative

D. Metalingual

4.Who put forward the distinction between Langue and Parole?

A. Saussure

B. Chomsky

C. Halliday

D. Anonymous

5.According to Chomsky, which is the ideal user's internalized knowledge of his language?

A. competence

B. parole

C. performance

D. langue

6.The function of the sentence "A nice day, isn't it?" is .

A. informative

B. phatic

C. directive

D. performative

7.Articulatory phonetics mainly studies .

A. the physical properties of the sounds produced in speech

B. the perception of sounds

C. the combination of sounds

D. the production of sounds

8.The distinction between vowels and consonants lies in .

A. the place of articulation

B. the obstruction of airstream

C. the position of the tongue

D. the shape of the lips

9.Which is the branch of linguistics which studies the characteristics of speech sounds and provides methods for their description, classification and transcription?

A. Phonetics

B. Phonology

C. Semantics

D. Pragmatics

10.Which studies the sound systems in a certain language?

A. Phonetics

B. Phonology

C. Semantics

D. Pragmatics

11.Minimal pairs are used to .

A. find the distinctive features of a language

B. find the phonemes of a language

C. compare two words

D. find the allophones of language

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/518851066.html,ually, suprasegmental features include,length and pitch.

A. phoneme

B. speech sounds

C. syllables

D. stress

13.Which is an indispensable part of a syllable?

A. Coda

B. Onset

C. Stem

D. Peak

14.Which is the smallest unit of language in terms of relationship between expression and content?

A. Word

B. Morpheme

C. Allomorph

D. Root

15.Which studies the internal structure of words, and the rules by which words are formed?

A. Morphology

B. Syntax

C. Phonology

D. Semantics

16.Lexeme is .

A. a physically definable unit

B. the common factor underlying a set of forms

C. a grammatical unit

D. an indefinable unit

17.Which of the following sounds does not belong to the allomorphs of the English plural morpheme ?

A. [s]

B. [iz]

C. [ai]

D. [is]

18.All words contain a .

A. root morpheme

B. bound morpheme

C. prefix

D. suffix

19.The relationship between "fruit" and "apple" is

A. homonymy

B. hyponymy

C. polysemy

D. synonymy

20.The part of the grammar that represents a speaker's knowledge of the structure of phrases and sentences is called .

A. lexicon

B. morphology

C. syntax

D. semantics

21.Which of the following items is not one of the grammatical categories of English pronouns?

A. gender

B. number

C. case

D. voice

22.The pair of words "lend" and "borrow" are

A. gradable opposites

B. relational opposites

C. co-hyponyms

D. synonyms

23."Big" and "Small" are a pair of opposites.

A. complementary

B. gradable

C. complete

D. converse

24.In the following conversation:

- Beirut is in Peru, isn't it?

- And Rome is in Romania, I suppose.

The second person violates the

A. Quantity Maxim

B. Quality Maxim

C. Relation Maxim

D. Manner Maxim

25.The maxim of requires that a participant's contribution be relevant to the conversation.

A. quantity

B. quality

C. manner

D. relation

CACAA, BDBAB, BDDBA, BCABC,DBBBD

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1._Phonetics_ studies speech sounds, including the production of speech, that is how speech sounds are actually made, transmitted and received, the description and classification of speech sounds, words and connected speech, etc. 2._Phonology_ studies the rules governing the structure, distribution, and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables. 3.Morphology is concerned with the internal organization of _words_. It studies the minimal units of meaning — morphemes and word-formation 4.Syntax is about principles of forming and understanding correct _sentences_ 5.Semantics examines how _meaning_ is encoded in a language. 6._Pragmatics_ is the study of meaning in context. 7._Sociolinguistics_ is the study of the characteristics of language varieties, the characteristics of their functions, and the characteristics of their speakers as these three constantly interact and change within a speech community. 8.In contrast with other linguists, then, _anthropological_ linguists are interested primarily in the history and structure of formerly unwritten languages. 9.Psycholinguistics investigates the interrelation of language and _mind_, for example, in processing and producing utterances and in language acquisition. 10.In a narrow sense, _applied_ linguistics refers to the application of linguistic theories and principles to language teaching, especially the teaching to foreign and second languages. 11. 1. Give the phonetic features of each of the following sounds. 12.[d] _voiced stops, alveolar_; [θ] _voiceless fricatives, dent al_; 13.[?] _front, open, low, unrounded_; [i:] _front, close, high, unrounded_; 14. 15. 2. Write the word indicated by each transcription. 16.[itɑr] _guitar_ [tuzdei] _Tuesday_ [twuθbr??] _toothbrush_ 17.[?ph?intm?nt] _appointment_ [p??keik] _pancake_ 18. 19. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/518851066.html,paring [ɡwo?t] and[??ɡ?r], _goat_ and _anger_ are two different phones and are variants of the phoneme /g/. Such variants of a phoneme are called _allophones_ of the same phoneme. In this case, they are said to be in _complementary distribution_. 20. 21. 4.Transcribe the following set of words and mark primary and secondary stress with super- and sub-ticks. 22.repeat _[ri’pit]_, repetitive _[ri’petitiv]_, repetition _[?r?p??t???n]_. 23. 24. 5. Please identify the stressed word, and intonation pattern of the following sentences.

专八人文知识总结(终)

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(完整版)英语专八语言学测试题

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