2020年高考英语书面表达专题讲座1——三段式作文法

写作专题I 三段式作文法

一、重点诠释

所谓三段式就是将一篇书面表达按三段的写作模式谋篇布局。就整体篇章结构而言，如何把握较大的写作空间，三段式的写作模式为最佳选择。三段式的模式写法通常为：

1.第一段开门见山，提出要解决的问题和观点，或者把时间地点、人物和主要事件及时点出。

2.第二段要摆出事实或提出论据，或者把事情发展的经过详细写出来。

3.最后一段得出结论或理由。

注意：要学会使用过渡词。过渡词犹如桥梁和粘合剂。恰当的使用过渡词可避免结构松散，层次不明，表意不清等弊端，使文章条理清楚，文字连贯流畅。常用的过渡词有：

递进型：besides ,what`s more ,let alone ,worse still ,moreover ,even ,furthermore 等。

解释型：that is（to say）,in other words ,or 等。

转折型：however ,but ，yet ,although ,otherwise ,instead ,on the contrary 等。

列举型：firstly.........secondly .......finally ,on the one hand ...on the other hand 等。

举例型：for example ,for instance ,such as ,that is ,like ,take ...for example 等。

因果型：because(of) ,since ,therefore ,as a result ,thanks to ,thus ,due to 等。

让步型;though ,although ,in spite of ,despite 等。

顺序型：first....next......and ....then ...finally....... ; first......then.......after that ....finally 等。并列型：and ,or ,also ,as well as等。

时间型：afterwards , soon , later , the moment , hardly ...when ...., no sooner ...than ...等。

总结型：in conclusion , in a word , to sum up , in short , on the whole 等。

见解型：in my opinion , personally speaking , as far as I am concerned等。

以上写作模式可以时常运用于实际的写作过程中，只要我们把握好写作模式和技巧，书面表达能力的提高也就指日可待了。

二、写作典例

假设你是李跃，你的加拿大笔友Steve 来信说，他和他的一些同学正在学中文，请你推荐两本学中文的字典。根据下表提供的信息，请你给他写一封回信。

英汉字典新华字典

收词（字）18000（英语）

20000（汉语

10000

价格52元11元

特点大量例子，用法说明，适合初学者中国最常用的汉语字典

注意：1.词数100左右。

2.参考词汇：推荐recommend ;英汉字典The English Chinese Dictionary （ECD）；新华字典Xin Hua Dictionary (XD).

Dear Steve,

_______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________

Yours ,

Li Yue

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请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。 Cleanliness is important to academic success at one Chinese university where compulsory labor is part of a program designed to award class credits while teaching students with proper moral values. During winter, the sky is still dark at 6：30 a．m. when the first－year students in Trade and Management College in Zhengzhou begin sweeping the 165－acre campus and it can take up to an hour. Mr. Sun, the university official, said labor is good for building character and promotes “the spirit of hard work.”Some students also claim that they are always proud of the clean campus. They never litter because they've been through the labor and understand that they should respect the fruits of labor of others. Some students, however, are against it because they feel the demands of the cleaning program are a distraction. Some often show up late and hungry to their morning classes after rushing to sweep the campus and clean their rooms. 【写作内容】 1. 用约30个单词写出上文概要。 2. 用约120个单词发表你的观点，内容包括：(1) 支持或反对这个学校的做法；(2) 用2～3个理由或论据支撑你的观点。 【写作要求】 1. 可以支持文中任一观点，但必须提供理由或论据。 2. 阐述观点或提供论据时，不能直接引用原文语句。 3. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。 4. 不必写标题。 【评分标准】 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。 支持： One university in Zhengzhou designs a program where students must clean the campus every day and relates it to class credits. Some people support the program while others do not.(30) Generally, I am in favor of the practice. To begin with, through their effort, students provide a clean and comfortable environment, which, as a result, is an assurance of their successful academic life. Moreover, cleaning and labor can not only serve to build students' character but also contribute positively to students developing healthy routines and good sanitation habits. Last but not least, by enjoying the fruits of others' labor, students will develop the awareness of gratitude and regard labor as a matter of honor. In short, carrying out the cleaning program is crucial. The significance for students of participating in it means more than academic success. It is part of moral education and benefits students as well as the campus. (120) 反对： It is required by one university in Zhengzhou that students should clean the campus every morning to achieve class credits. Opinions on the practice vary widely from person to person.(30) I am strongly opposed to the practice for the following reasons. First of all, cleaning tends to take up too much time, which becomes a distraction for students and discourages them from focusing on their academic performances. Then, students can be encouraged to maintain clean living areas but it's unreasonable to relate the cleaning with the academic credits. As students, they should put more efforts into their studies to achieve class credits instead of sweeping the campus. Furthermore, though someone claims labor can contribute to developing the spirit of hard work, it should by no means be achieved through daily floor－sweeping. In conclusion, there is no sense in students sweeping the campus, for it benefits neither their character nor study.(120)

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