最新英语划分句子成分句式练习题(无答案)-word文档

英语句子成分

（一）句子主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

例如：划出主语并说出什么词充当的主语

During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.

We often speak English in class. One-third of the students in this class are girls.

To swim in the river is a great pleasure. Smoking does harm to the health.

The rich should help the poor. It is necessary to master a foreign language.

When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.

（三）谓语：动词做谓语,谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语的构成如下：

1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：He practices running every morning.

2、复合谓语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks.

He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系动词加表语构成。如：We are students.

（四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语及表语从句表示。例如：划出表语并说出有什么词充当

Our teacher of English is an American. Is it yours?

The weather has turned cold. The speech is exciting.

Three times seven is twenty one? His job is to teach English.

His hobby is playing football. The machine must be out of order.

Time is up. The class is over. The truth is that he has never been abroad.

（五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。

例如：

They went to see an exhibition yesterday.

The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time.

They helped the old with their housework yesterday. He pretended not to see me.

I enjoy listening to popular music. I think（that）he is fit for his office.

宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），例如：Lend me your dictionary, please.

2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如：They elected him their monitor.

（六）宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。

例如：

His father named him Dongming. They painted their boat white.

Let the fresh air in. You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.

We saw her entering the room. We found everything in the lab in good order.

We will soon make our city what your city is now.

（七）定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成分表示：名词，形容词，代词，分词，动名词，不定式短语，介词短语等

例如：找出定语并看由何种成分充当：

Guilin is a beautiful city.

China is a developing country; America is a developed country.

There are thirty women teachers is our school.

His rapid progress in English made us surprised.

Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.

The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.

He is reading an article about how to learn English.

（八）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示：

Light travels most quickly.（副词及副词性词组）

He has lived in the city for ten years.（介词短语）

He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.（不定式短语）

He is in the room making a model plane.（分词短语）

Wait a minute.（名词）

Once you begin, you must continue.（状语从句）

状语种类如下：

How about meeting again at six?（时间状语）

Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.（原因状语）

I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.（条件状语）

Mr Smith lives on the third floor.（地点状语）

She put the eggs into the basket with great care.（方式状语）

She came in with a dictionary in her hand.（伴随状语）

In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.（目的状语）

He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.（结果状语）

She works very hard though she is old.（让步状语）

I am taller than he is.（比较状语）

英语句子结构

英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂，但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之，绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下：

S十V主谓结构He runs quickly

S十V十F主系表结构He seems interested in the book常见的系动词有：look，seem，appear，sound，feel，taste，smell，grow，get，fall ill/asleep，stand/sit still，become，turn等

S十V十O主谓宾结构They found their home easily．

S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构He offered me his seat/his seat to me．带双宾语的动词有give，ask，bring，offer，send，pay，lend，show，tell，buy，get；rob，warn等

S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构They named the boy Charlie．

说明：S＝主语；V＝谓语；P＝表语；O＝宾语；O1＝间接宾语；O2＝直接宾语；C＝宾

练习

一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：

1. The students got on the school bus.

2. He handed me the newspaper.

17.It takes me an hour to get there.

语法填空强化练习（1）

In the past a gentleman would offer his seat __(1)__ a lady on a crowded bus. But now, he will probably look out of the window or hide behind his newspaper, __(2)__(leave) the lady standing __(3)__ someone else gets off. You can’t entirely blame men for this change in manners. __(4)__(go) are the days when women could be referred to the weak. A whole generation has grown up demanding __(5)__(equal) with men in jobs, in education and in social life. Hold a door for some women __(6)__ you are likely to get __(7)__ angry lecture on treating women __(8)__ weaklings. Take a girl out for a meal a nd she’ll probably insist on paying __(9)__ share of the bill. All these, according to some sociologists, will change men’s attitude towards women and the conventional active politeness is perhaps slowly being __(10)__(replace) by true consideration for the needs and feeling of women, so that men can see women as equal human beings.

语法填空强化练习（2）

In the small towns of the United States in the __(1)__(nineteen) century, the general store was __(2)__ everyone bought the things he couldn’t make __(3)__ grow at home. What the stores sold __(4)__(tell) a great deal about __(5)__ life at that time. People bought tools that they needed for farm work; salt, sugar and __(6)__

foods that the farm didn’t produce; articles of clothing that they couldn’t make __(7)__; shirts for the men; or clothes for the children. Life was simple then. One feels that people were __(8)__(thank) for what they had and that they looked __(9)__ with courage to whatever the future brought. It would be interesting to know how they would feel about the life today. Would it seem to them that life is too complex? Would they enjoy __(10)__(live) a life as we do now?

语法填空强化练习（3）

Do you feel __(1)__ difficult to be happy all the time? Now I’ll give you some tips __(2)__ how to make yourself happy. One way is being __(3)__ (self) because unselfishness is the key factor __(4)__ (require) if you want to get along well with others. By __(5)__ (say) being unselfish we mean we __(6)__ not want everything our own way or demand the best share of everything. Another way is to look for good points in __(7)__ people. You’ll find most people pleasant to go with and it will surely make you happy. Third, you can not expect to be too perfect, __(8)__ don’t be too unhappy when you make a mistake. Everyt hing will be OK if you try to make things right. Finally, it is important to remember that while you are no __(9)__ (bad) than others, chances you have may not be much better. In this case, __(10)__ surest way to be happy is to think yourself above other people.

英语句子成分分析相关练习

综合练习一

Exercises:分析下列句子的句子结构

1. we are working.。

2. I can swim very well.

3. The waiter brought a bottle of beer to me.

4. Why does the wind blow?

5. The rain has been pulling down for a whole day.

6. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.

7. Jim asked you to give his best wishes to everyone.

8. You must get the car ready by tomorrow.

9. I have a lot of clothes to wash.

10. He gave his son some advice on reading.

11. Read me the first paragraph.

12. I’ve ordered some soup for you.

13. He began leaning English ten years ago.

14. My being late worried my teacher.

15. The president himself would visit our school.

16. April fool’ Day is the special day of the year

17. He usually takes a nap after lunch.

18. I got it back at once.

19. He finished lunch and went into the garden.

20. The telephone rang.

21. We study hard.

22. His father might have died.

23. Will you leave the door open/ unclosed

24. Can you make the dog stand still?

25. The landlord had them working day and night.

26. A sound knowledge of grammar is important to good writing.

27. We all breathe, eat, and drink.

28. I woke up at 6:00 in the morning.

29. The book weighs five kilos.

30. They will be flying to London.

综合练习二

Exercises:分析下列句子的句子结构

31. The shop assistant found some certain materials for me.

32. He promised me a new English-Chinese dictionary.

33. Please pass a newly- published to me.

34. He lived in Guang Zhou.

35. The father is showing the boy how to plant trees.

36. His uncle left him some money.

37. She has taught us English for 3 years.

38. I like popular music.

39. She knows what to do next.

40. I hate arriving late.

41. The meeting starts at three.

42. My heart is beating loudly.

43. Tom’s birthday is two weeks away.

44. He told me the news by telephone.

45. There are many people in the room.

46. He isn’t as tall as his brother.

47. I have a new sweater.

48. It is important to learn a foreign language now.

49. Trees turn green in spring.

50. He wants to be a doctor.

51. He refused to help me.

52. My teacher advises me to read English every day.

综合练习二

Exercises:分析下列句子的句子结构

31. The shop assistant found some certain materials for me.

32. He promised me a new English-Chinese dictionary.

33. Please pass a newly- published to me.

34. He lived in Guang Zhou.

35. The father is showing the boy how to plant trees.

36. His uncle left him some money.

37. She has taught us English for 3 years.

38. I like popular music.

39. She knows what to do next.

40. I hate arriving late.

41. The meeting starts at three.

42. My heart is beating loudly.

43. Tom’s birthday is two weeks away.

44. He told me the news by telephone.

45. There are many people in the room.

46. He isn’t as tall as his brother.

47. I have a new sweater.

48. It is important to learn a foreign language now.

49. Trees turn green in spring.

50. He wants to be a doctor.

51. He refused to help me.

52. My teacher advises me to read English every day.

综合练习四Exercises:分析下列句子的句子结构

61.The girl is about ten years old．

62 .was doing my homework at nine yesterday evening．

63.My mother told me an interesting story．

64.The summer holidays will begin next week．

65.There was a strong wind．

66.One of the windows is broken．

67.I heard him singing in the room．

68. The students got on the school bus.

69. He handed me the newspaper.

70. I shall answer your question after class.

71. What a beautiful Chinese painting!

72. They went hunting together early in the morning.

73. His job is to train swimmers.

74. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.

75. There is going to be an American film tonight.

76. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.

77. His wish is to become a scientist.

78. He managed to finish the work in time.

79. Tom came to ask me for advice.

80. He found it important to master English.

81. Do you have anything else to say?

82. To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.

83. Would you please tell me your address?

84. He sat there, reading a newspaper.

85. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.

86. He noticed a man enter the room.

87. The apples tasted sweet.

88. The sun was shining.

89. The moon rose.

90. The universe remains

综合练习五

Exercises:分析下列句子的句子结构

91. This is an English-Chinese dictionary.

92. The dinner smells good.

93. He fell in love.

94. Who knows the answer?

95. She smiled her thanks.

96. He has refused to help them.

97. She cooked her husband a delicious meal.

98. He brought you a dictionary.

99. They appointed him manager.

100. They painted the door green.

101. This set them thinking.

102. We all breathe, eat, and drink.

103. Who cares?

104. What he said does not matter.

105. Everything looks different.

106. He is growing tall and strong.

107. They are short of money.

108. He enjoys reading.

109. He said "Good morning."

110. I showed him my pictures.

111. I gave my car a wash.

112. They found the house deserted.

113. What makes him think so?

114. We saw him out.

115. They talked for half an hour.

116. The pen writes smoothly

117. Our well has gone dry.

118. His face turned │red.

119. I want to have a cup of tea.

120. He was mistaken.

121. He showed me how to run the machine.

122. He asked me to come back soon.

123. I saw them getting on the bus.

综合强化训练

一、典型例题：写出句子成分。

1. Lily is cleaning the desk now.

2. Her garden is the best in our town.

3. Liu Ming is thirteen years old.

4. I like this book very much.

5. The girl on the blue bike is Jane’s sister.

6. She didn’t come to my party because she was ill.

7. Wang Ping does his homework carefully. 8. We will go to the Children’s Palace once a week.

9. They are in the classroom. 10. It sounds good. 11. His name is Paul. 12. We always go to sc hool early.

二、课后练习

(一) 挑出下列句中的宾语

① My brother doesn't do his homework. ② People all over the world speak English.

③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. ④ How many new words do you learn ?

⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?

(二) 挑出下列句中的表语

① The old man is feeling very tired. ② Why is he worried about Jim? ③ The leaves have turned yellow.

④ Soon They all become interested in the subject. ⑤ She is the first to learn about it.

(三) 挑出下列句中的定语

① They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name. ② What is your given name?

③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3. ④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.

⑤ The man downstairs was trying to slee

（四) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语

① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.

② He asks her to take the boy out of school. ③ She find it difficult to do the work.

④ They call me Lily sometimes. ⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.

(五) 挑出下列句中的状语

① There is a big smile on her face. ② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.

③ He began to learn English when he was eleven

④ The man on the motorbike is travelling to fast.

⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.

(六) 划出句中的直接宾语( )和间接宾语（）

① Please tell us a story. ② My father bought a new bike for me last week.

③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.

④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom. ⑤ Does he leave any message for me?

划分句子成分练习题

一、画出下列句子的成分

1.They are working on the farm now.

2.Seeing is believing

3.All of us like Kobe Bryant very much

4.She became a doctor in 2019

5.The book lying on the floor are mine

6.Suddenly it begins to rain

7.To catch the train ,I got up early yesterday 8.I always find her happy

9.He wonders If I still study English

10.The letter which I received the day before yesterday was a friend of mine

11.We always work hard at English. 12.He said he didn't come.

13.They love each other. 14.What did you bye?

15.She watched her daughter playing the piano. 16.your job today is to help the old. 17.Speaking doesn't mean doing. 18.Bye the time I got to the station,the train had left.

19.The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage.

20.It takes me an hour to get there.

21.The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.

22.There is an old man coming here. 23.The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.

24.To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.

二、选出下列句子中的谓语中心词

① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall

② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. Summer

③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus

④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon. A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon

⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast

⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday. A. Tom B. didn't C. do D. his homework

⑦ What I want to tell you is this. A. want B. to tell C. you D. is

⑧ We had better send for a doctor. A. We B. had C. send D. doctor

⑨ He is interested in music. A. is B. interested C. in D. music

⑩ Whom did you give my book to? A. give B. did C. whom D. book

三、挑出下列句中的宾语

① My brother hasn't done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English.

③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. ④ How many new words did you lea rn last class?

⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?

⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. ⑦ They made him monitor of the class. 四、挑出下列句中的表语

① The old man was feeling very tired. ② Why is he worried about Jim?

③ The leaves have turned yellow. ④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.

⑤ She was the first to learn about it.

五、挑出下列句中的定语

① They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name. ② What is your given name?

③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3. ④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.

⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep. ⑥ I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!

六、挑出下列句中的宾语补足语(6分，6分钟)

①She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.

②He asked her to take the boy out of school.

③She found it difficult to do the work.

④They call me Lily sometimes.

⑤I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.

⑥Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?

七、挑出下列句中的状语

① There was a big smile on her face. ② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.

③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.

④ The man on the motorbike was travelling to fast.

⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.

⑥ She loves the library because she loves books.

八、划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语

① Please tell us a story. ② My father bought a new bike for me last week.

③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term. ④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.

⑤ Did he leave any message for me?

⑥She loves the library because she loves books.

⑦I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.

⑧The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.

英语句子成分和英语句子结构

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练 习 主语（subject ）:句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east. （名词） Tvventy years is a short time in history.（数词） To see is to believe ? （不定式） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It 形式主语，主语从句是真正主 语） 谓语（predicate ）:说明主语的动作、状态和特 征。 表语（predicative ）:系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 Seventy-four! You don' t look it.（代词） Five and five is ten.（数词） He is asleep.（形容词） His father is in. （副词） The picture is on the wall. （介词短语） My v/atch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词） To v/ear a flower is to say " I' m poor, I can' t buy a ring.（不；卫式） The question is v/hether they vnll come. （表语从句） 常见的系动词有： be, sound （听起来），look （看起来），feel （摸起来，smell （闻起来）,taste （尝、吃起来）， remain （保持，仍是）,feel （感觉）??? 宾语: 1） 动作的承受者动宾 I like China.（名词） He hates you.（代词） How many do you need? We need two ?（数词） We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. （动需词） I hope to see you again.（不立式） Did you write dov/n v/hat he said?（宾语从句） 2） 介词后的名词、代词和动名词…介宾 Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks ? 3） 双宾语…-间宾（指人）和直宾（指物） He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money. 宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。 We elected him monitor. （名词） We all think it a pity that she didn' t come here.（名） We will make them happy.（形容词）We found nobody in.（副词） We study English. He is asleep. He likes dancing. Seeing is believing ? What he needs is a book. （代词） （动名词） （主语从 He is a teacher. （名词） It sou nds a good idea ? Her voice sounds sweet ? The food smells delicious. The door remains open. The sou nd sounds stra nge. Tbm looks thin. The food tastes good ? Nov/1 feel tired.

句子成分分析—实例分析

句子成分分析—实例分析 多重复句分析例句分析(2) 11、 如果一个人说自己是共产主义者，同时又认为自己根本不需要知道其他任何事物，那他就根本不能成为共产主义者。 (//并列/假设) 12、 只要能充分利用这些水源，我们向沙漠进军不但有收复失地的把握，而且能在大沙漠里开辟出若干绿洲来。 (/条件//递进) 13、 竹叶烧了，还有竹枝;竹枝断了，还有竹鞭;竹鞭砍了，还有深埋在地下的竹根。 (//并列/并列//并列/并列//并列) 14、 他后来还托他的父亲带给我一包贝壳和几支很好看的鸟毛，我也曾送给他两次东西，但从此没有再见面。 (//并列/转折) 15、 如果要缩短工序，提高工作效率，应当主要抓烧开水这个环节，而不是抓拿茶叶等环节。 (//并列/假设//并列) 16、

让那些看不起民众，贱视民众，顽固倒退的人们去赞美那贵族化的楠木，去鄙视这极常见、极易生长的白杨树吧，我要高声赞美白杨树。 (//并/转) 17、 我对于玉皇大帝所做的事，腹诽的非常多，独于这一件却很满意，因为“水满金山”一案，的确应该由法海负责。 (/转折//因果) 18、 这橘红的朦胧的光实在照不了多远，但这小姑娘的勇敢、镇定、乐观的精神鼓舞了我，我似乎觉得眼前有无限光明。 (/转折//因果) 19、 如果出到十几文，那就能买一样荤菜，但这些顾客，多是短衣帮，大抵没有这样阔绰。 (//假设/转折//因果) 20、 他们凭空想了许多念头，滔滔不绝地说了许多空话，可是从来没有认真做过一件事。 (//并列/转折) 21、只要孔乙己到店，才可以笑几声，所以至今还记得。 (//条件/因果) 22、 里面当然没有白娘娘了，/然而，我心里仍然不舒服，//仍然希望他倒掉。 (/转折//转折) 23、

英语句子基本结构成分类型

英语句子基本结构 英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂，但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之，绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。这五个基本句式如下： S十V主谓结构 S十V十F主系表结构 S十V十O主谓宾结构 S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构 S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构 说明：S＝主语；V＝谓语；P＝表语；O＝宾 语；O1＝间接宾语；O2＝直接宾语；C＝宾 语补足语五个基本句式详细解释如下： 1．S十V句式 在此句式中，V是不及物动词，又叫自动词(vi．)。例如： He runs quickly．他跑得快。 They listened carefully．他们听得很仔细。 He suffered from cold and hunger．他挨冻受饿。 China belongs to the third world country．中国属于第三世界国家。 The gas has given out．煤气用完了。 My ink has run out．我的钢笔水用完了。 2．S十V十P句式 在此句式中，V是系动词(link v．)，常见的系动词有：look，seem，appear，sound，feel，taste，smell，grow，get，fall ill/asleep，stand/sit still，become，turn等。例如： He is older than he looks．他比看上去要老。 He seen interested in the book．他似乎对这本书感兴趣。 The story sounds interesting．这个故事听起来有趣。 The desk feels hard．书桌摸起来很硬。 The cake tastes nice．饼尝起来很香。 The flowers smell sweet and nicc．花闻起来香甜。 You have grown taller than before．你长得比以前高了。 He has suddenly fallen ill．他突然病倒了。 He stood quite still．他静静地站看。 He becomes a teacher when he grew up．他长大后当了教师。 He could never turn traitor to his country．他永远不会背叛他的祖国。 注意：有些动词同时也是及物动词，可构成SVO句式，例如： He looked me up and down．他上下打量我。 He reached his hand to feel the elephant．他伸出手来摸象。 They are tasting the fish．他们在品尝鱼。 They grow rice in their home town．他们在家乡种水稻。 He's got a chair to sit on．他有椅子坐。

(完整版)英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解

一、英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解： （一）句子成分 1.主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。 主语可以由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、分词、主语从句和短语等来担任。 The sun rises in the east.（名词） He likes dancing. （代词） Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. （动名词） To see is to believe. （不定式） What he needs is a book. （主语从句） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语） 找出下列句中的主语： Jane is good at playing the piano.（名词） She went out in a hurry.（代词） Four plus four is eight.（数词） To see is to believe.（不定式） Smoking is bad for health.（动名词） The young should respect the old.（名词化的形容词）What he has said is true. （句子） 2.谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans. 复合谓语：由情态动词或助动词+动词; He can speak English well. She doesn’t seem to like dancing. 找出下列句中的谓语（注：只有动词才可作谓语。）： 1. We love China. 2. We have finished reading this book. 3. He can speak English. 4. She seems tired. 3.表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。

英语句子成分及基本句型全面归纳

英语句子成分及基本句型全面归纳 什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。 英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下： 一：S V（主＋谓） 二：S V P（主＋系＋表） 三：S V O（主＋谓＋宾） 四：S V O O（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 五：S V O C（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 基本句型：S V （主+谓） 主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy），主格代词（如you），动词不定式，动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！ 谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 S│ V（不及物动词） 1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. Who │cares? 管它呢？ 6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。

英语句子成分和英语句子结构

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习 主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east. （名词）He likes dancing. （代词）Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. （动名词） To see is to believe. （不定式）What he needs is a book. （主语从句） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 We study English. He is asleep. 表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 He is a teacher. （名词） Seventy-four! You don’t look it. （代词） Five and five is ten. （数词） He is asleep. （形容词） His father is in. （副词）The picture is on the wall. ( 介词短语) My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词） To wear a flower is to say “I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. （不定式） The question is whether they will come. （表语从句） 常见的系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来，smell（闻起来）, taste（尝、吃起来）, remain（保持，仍是）, feel（感觉）... It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange. Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin. The food smells delicious. The food tastes good. The door remains open. Now I feel tired. 宾语： 1）动作的承受者-----动宾 I like China. （名词）He hates you. （代词） How many do you need? We need two. （数词） We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. （动名词） I hope to see you again. （不定式）Did you write down what he said? （宾语从句） 2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾 Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks. 3）双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物） He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money. 宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。 We elected him monitor. （名词）We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here. （名）We will make them happy. （形容词）We found nobody in. ( 副词) Please make yourself at home. 介词短语）Don’t let him do that. （省to不定式） His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. （带to不定式） Don’t keep the lights burning. （现在分词）I’ll have my bike repaired. （过去分词）

划分句子成分练习集合及答案

划分句子成分练习 一、划分句子成分 1、鲁班‖是（我国古代）（春秋时期）（一位）（著名）的（建筑）工匠。 2（鲁班所处）的时代‖[距现在] [已经]好〈几千年了〉。 3、（那个时候））生产力‖[还十分]落后。 4、鲁班‖接受﹤了﹥(一项)(大)的(建筑工程)任务。 5、鲁班‖发现这种草叶的两边都长着锯齿状的刺。 6、鲁班‖[从中]得到启发。 7、鲁班‖[用锯齿状的竹片] [在一棵小树树干上] [来回]拉﹤了﹥﹤起来﹥。 8]，锯子‖[仍然]是(木匠们干活)的(主要)工具。 9、[后来]，鲁班‖[又陆续]发明﹤了﹥（木刨、钻、墨斗和曲尺等）（许多）（木匠）工具。 10、蔡伦‖出生﹤在一个贫苦的铁匠家里﹥。 11]，蔡伦‖[终于]发明﹤了﹥造纸术。 12、蔡伦‖[苦苦]地思考﹤改进）的方法。 13、[地球上] [几乎] [每时每刻] [都在]发生﹤着﹥地震。（存现句、非主谓句） 14、(全世界)的科学家们‖[都在] [努力]探索（地震灾害）的规律。 15、[当时]()灾害‖[十分]频繁。 16、[一天]，（的（那条龙嘴里）的铜球‖[忽然]落下。17．我‖[从此] [就]看见（许多）（陌生）的先生。 18．藤野先生‖[总是]挟着（一叠）（大大小小）的书。 19．干事‖]写广告。 20．这位客人‖[直勾勾]地打量﹤着﹥（主人）的脸。 21．托尔斯泰‖透出（一股）才气。 22．(一个)（陌生）人‖[把我紧紧]地抱﹤在怀中﹥。 23．我‖[默默]地站﹤﹥。 24．科学技术‖是（人类本性精神）的（最高）成就。 25．这‖是（）(别开生面)的场面。 26（老年）人‖[格外]兴奋、活跃。 27．（白色）的丝线‖拧成（细细）的绳子。 28．（这些）节日‖包含﹤着﹥（丰富）的（民俗）习惯。 29．(派出所)的警察们‖[寸步不离]地守卫﹤在洞口周围﹥。 20．(一位)()的记者‖[一声不响]地解了(系在自己腰里)的(那条结实)的(粗)绳子。 21．[许多原子能发电场] [源源不断]地运来(许多)(铅做)的(大)箱子。（存现句、非主谓句） 22、[在一天夜里]，他‖[被一阵尖叫声]惊醒﹤了﹥。 23、(纽约市)()的帝国大厦‖[今晚]熄灭﹤了﹥灯光。 24、（袁隆平视为生命）的（）田地，[在一个星期天的早晨]，[还是] [被 那些造反派]扫荡﹤一空﹥。 25、[在这样的年月里]，(我)家‖[通年] [没]吃过白米。 26、他‖[花了三十多年的时间]，[留意]观察(日、月以及各行星)的运动。 27)的祖国‖[给科学]开辟﹤了﹥(广阔)的前景。

英语句子结构和成分详解

第一章句子成分和简单句基本句型 一、句子成分 构成篇章的基本单位是句子，组成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分都是由单词、短语或从句充 其中，主语和谓语是句子的主体部分。表语、宾语和补足语是谓语的组成部分。其他成分如定语和状语是句子的修饰部分。 二、充当句子成分的各种形式 主语:主语可以由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词、从句等来担任。 1.名词 All efforts will be in vain if we can‘t learn English by practicing repeatedly. 如果我们不通过反复练习来学习英语，所有的努力将付之东流。 2.数词 Two thirds of them can play more than one musical instrument.他们中有2/3的人不只能演奏一种乐器。 3.代词 Who knows the answer? 谁知道答案？ 4.不定式 To see is to believe.眼见为实 It‘s an honor to make a speech here. 在这里发言我很荣幸。 5.动名词 In my opinion, cloning should be dealt with carefully. 我认为应该慎重对待克隆。 6.名词化的形容词或分词 The old should be respected.老人因该受到尊重。 The disabled will receive more money. 残疾人会收到更多的钱。 7.名词性短语 The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.老师和同学们要去参观博物馆。 8.主语从句 What he said didn‘t agree with what he did. 他的言行不一。 主语从句常使用it 作形式主语。 It is uncertain whether he can come to Jenny‘s birthday party or not. It happened that he was out when I got there. 当我到那儿时，碰巧他不在。 考查对句中主语的确定 【技巧点拨】 1．对句中主语的考查通常出现在强调句型中，即― It is/ was + 主语（强调部分）+ that+谓语部分‖。注意充当主语的应该是名词、代词、名词性词组或名词性从句。动词原形，介词词组或一个具有完整意义但缺少连词的简单句都是不能充当主语的。 2.句中的主语直接决定了谓语动词的单复数。对主语的确定不能被一些表象所迷惑。尤其要能辨识下面这种现象，即当主语后面跟有as well as, along with, together with, like ,but, except, in addition to 等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单复数按主语的单复数而定。 It was ____ computer games that cost the boy a lot of time that he ought to have spent on his lessons. A. to have played B. playing C. played D. having played

(完整版)英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解和练习试题

英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习 简单句的五个基本句型 ?主语＋不及物动词She came．. ?主语＋及物动词＋宾语She likes English. ?主语＋系动词＋主语补语 ?She is happy． ?主语＋动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 ?She gave John a book． ?She bought a book for me. ?主语＋动词＋宾语＋宾语补语 ?She makes her mother angry． ?The teacher asked me to read the passage. ?（There +be There lies a book on the desk. 主谓宾 ?名／代－－动词－－名／代 ?we-- saw --you. ?we-- did --the work. ?主系表 ?名／代－系动词－形容次／名词／代词 ?you are beautiful ?you seems worried. ?you are a stufent.

?相同点都三部分，主语也一样．不同动词和系动词，时态一样，否定式不同．动词加助动词，系动词不用．表语可以是形容词，宾语不行．只有宾语有补足语 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种： ?主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 ?1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。 ?如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) ?2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。 ?如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) ?3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、代词或形容词担任。 ?如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。 ?如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) ?有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。 ?如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了一封信) ?有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市) 6、状语用来修饰动词、形容词、副词,通常由副词担任。 如：He works hard .(他工作努力)

句子成分分析(学生版)

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例如： During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（名词） The students all love their English teacher. We often speak English in class.（代词） They go to school by bus. One-third of the students in this class are girls.（数词） To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（不定式） To see is to believe. Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词） Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. It’s no use regretting it. The rich should help the poor.（名词化的形容词） When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（主语从句） It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）B.谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。注意动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语，不能作谓语。 一句话语法: 谓语由动词充当。 有很多同学在写作的时候容易犯的错误就是要么乱用be动词,要么句子没有谓语动词. 1、可作谓语的动词一般为行为动词(表动作)和连系动词(表状态)，行为动词根据其后是否可直接接宾语，又可分为及物动词和不及物动词。 （1）、及物动词作谓语 We should help each other.

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【英语】英语句子结构与成分练习全集及解析

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