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计及运行策略的微电网可靠性评估

第41卷第15期电力系统保护与控制 V ol.41 No.15 2013年8月1日 Power System Protection and Control Aug.1, 2013 计及运行策略的微电网可靠性评估

任 磊1,谢开贵1,胡 博1,张夕佳2

(1.输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室(重庆大学),重庆 400044;

2.河海大学能源与电气学院,江苏 南京 210098)

摘要:因负荷和新能源出力的波动性,微电网运行状态随时间变化,在进行微电网可靠性评估时应计及运行状态的时变性。推导了不同运行状态下微电网可靠性参数的解析表达式,建立一种微电网可靠性评估模型,准确计及了运行状态间的转移特性。应用RBTS-BUS6算例验证了模型的有效性和实用性。算例分析表明:柴油发电机持续出力的策略能更好地改善微电网可靠性,对外网负荷点的影响更大;但柴油发电机作为备用的策略具有更好的环境和经济效益;增加微电网内储能电池的最大放电功率能有效提高微电网可靠性。

关键词:储能;微电网;运行策略;可靠性评估

Reliability evaluation of microgrid considering operating strategy

REN Lei1, XIE Kai-gui1, HU Bo1, ZHANG Xi-jia2

(1. State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology (Chongqing University),

Chongqing 400044, China; 2. Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China)

Abstract:Reliability evaluation of microgrid must consider the time-varying operation modes due to the fluctuation of load and renewable energy sources. This paper presents a reliability evaluation model of microgrid by deducing an analytical formulation of reliability parameters in different operational modes, which can be used to accurately consider the transfer characteristics between different operational modes. The RBTS-BUS6 test system is used as an example to demonstrate the feasibility and practicability of the proposed model. The results of the test system indicate that the strategy “diesel generating unit continuous output” improves the reliability of microgrid and has a bigger effect on the load points of external network, whereas the strategy “diesel generating unit in standby” has a better environment and economic benefits. A larger maximum discharging power of a battery is a useful and effective measure to improve the reliability of a microgrid.

This work is supported by National High-tech R & D Program of China (863 Program) (No. 2011AA05A107) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51077135).

Key words: energy storage; microgrid; operating strategy;reliability evaluation

中图分类号:TM71 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1674-3415(2013)15-0021-09

0 引言

过去几十年里,电力系统已发展成为集中发电、远距离输电的大型互联网络系统。但近年随着负荷的不断增加,用户对电能质量和品质要求的提高,同时面临能源危机和环境保护的压力,传统的大电网已难以很好地适应现今形势。随着新能源开

基金项目:国家863高技术基金项目(2011AA05A107);国家自然科学基金项目(51077135);重庆市杰出青年基金项目(CSTC2010BA3006);重庆市自然科学基金(CSTC2012JJA90004)发利用不断深入,经过不断的发展,逐步形成了一种特殊电网形式:微电网[1-3]。

正常情况下微电网与外部电网(外网)并网运行,既可能作为电源向外部电网注入功率,也可能作为负荷从外部电网吸收功率;当外部电网故障时,可以通过合理调度实现孤岛运行,以保证对本地负荷的供电[4-5]。

已有文献对微电网可靠性进行了研究[6-8]。文献[6]考虑了多种分布式电源(DG)模型及运行方式,在配电网中引入含分布式电源区域节点的网络划分方法,对含有微电网的配电网进行了可靠性分析。

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