高中英语阅读方法初探

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高中英语阅读方法初探

作者：晁元博

来源：《教育周报·教研版》2017年第22期

本文系2016年漯河市基础教育研究项目《高中英语阅读“五步教学法”高效课堂实践与研究（LHKT2016089）研究成果

英语阅读一直都是英语教学和英语学习的重要内容，同时，考试中的分值比重也比较大。因此，就阅读的方法和技巧做如下探索。

一、介绍一下常见阅读方法

（1）精读法：精读法是指对全文全面而系统的掌握。在词汇的层面上，通过一些工具如字典等理解并掌握文章中的每一个生词的意思和用法。在句子的层面上，如果遇到了结构复杂难以理解的长句，要通过语法知识对句子的结构进行完整的分析，首先理出主谓关系，然后逐步分解句子的其他部分。在篇章的层面上，要认真研究通篇文章，对全文的中心思想有一个精确的认识，并且文章的每一个细节，同时还要了解与文章相关的一些背景知识。当然，这种方法并不适合应试，而主要适用于平时的英语学习。考生在考研复习的过程中要把精读和泛读结合起来，对一些重点文章、尤其是考研真题文章进行精读学习，才能从根本上提高自己的能力。关于如何研读真题，下文将有更详细的介绍。

（2）扫读法：扫读法是指在阅读文章过程中只寻找那些重点信息阅读，如只找与阅读题题干相关的部分进行阅读，从而快速定位关键信息，而略过其他的内容。这种方法有较大的难度，适用于英语水平和能力较高的考生，一般考生要谨慎使用。因为扫读法要求考生能够在短时间内快速扫过一篇文章的所有段落，如果没有对于英语足够的敏感性，则有限不仅找不到有用的信息，还很可能略过了一些关键的内容。考生可以尝试一些这种方法看看是否适用于自己，但是在考研实战中还是谨慎为好。

（3）跳读法：跳读法是指以一般的顺序从头到尾地阅读一篇文章，但是在阅读的过程中速度并不一致，而是有快有慢。读到文章的重要部分时，可以减慢速度；而读到一些无关大局的细枝末节时，则快速跳过。前文已经较为详细地介绍了文章中应该重点阅读的内容，下面我们在简单说明一下可以省略和跳过的内容。

二、阅读顺序介绍

一般的阅读顺序为：阅读文章——浏览问题——在文章中定位并确定问题答案，这也是我们一直倡导的较为保险的做题方法。但是，因为每个人都有不同的阅读思路和习惯，因此考生可以根据自己的采取情况采取不同的办法。常见的一些阅读顺序还有以下几种：

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