甘肃省兰州一中2017-2018学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷
兰州一中2017-2018-2学期
高二年级期末英语试卷
说明：本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。答案写在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡。
第一部分：阅读理解（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
We’re a nation— a globe, in fact — obsessed with our hair. Analysts estimate the global hair product industry to be worth €22.6 billion, growing at a rate of up to seven percent a year. There seems to be no limit on what we’ll spend to avoid a bad hair day. But for devotees of an underground beauty movement, the secret lies in throwing away the shampoo, in fact all the hair products, for good.
The “no—poo”method, which involves using natural substitutes or just water in place of shampoo and conditioner, is supported by several circles.
Beauty insiders, including writers for women’s magazines and professional hairdressers, speak highly of how hair becomes thicker, fuller, softer and brighter.
And environmentalists who are mindful of money feel great joy at the lack of chemicals in and on their bodies—not to mention the impact on their budgets.
Now one devotee is hoping to take it mainstream. Lucy Aitken Read, whose book Happy Hair: The definitive guide to giving up shampoo was released last week, hasn’t used shampoo for two years and her glowing brown hair is visibly in perfect condition.
For her, the motivation came after reading a study that claimed women put 515 chemicals on their bodies daily. “I initially thought ‘Ha! They didn’t research me!’,” Aitken Read says. “Then I looked at the back of my shampoo bottle and realized there were loads of chemical components I didn’t recognize in the slightest.”
Strangely it’s oily hair that could benefit the most from giving up shampoo. The theory behind the “no—poo” method is that shampoo removes the hair from its natural oils, which causes the scalp (头皮) to generate more oils to replace them. This results in oil overload — oily hair—which
we then attempt to “fix” with more shampoo. It’s a vicious (恶性的) circle and quite a brilliant success for the shampoo industry, because the more shampoo you use, the more you need to use and the more frequently you need to use it.
Left to its own devices or washed with natural substitutes, the scalp eventually theoretically returns to its natural balance. The result should be healthier hair that is stronger, thicker and fuller as it is less damaged than shampooed hair.
1.What can we know from the first paragraph?
A.More and more people produce hair products.
B.More and more people waste money on their hair.
C.More and more hair products are wasted every year.
D.More and more hair products are produced every year.
2.According to Para 5, environmentalists are in favor of “no—poo” method because _______.
A.it has the same chemicals as shampoo does
B.it helps reduce their budgets on daily expenses in a way
C.natural substitutes are friendly to the environment
D.they know shampoo has an impact on their health
3.What can we learn from Lucy’s words?
A.She didn’t realize shampoo contains so many harmful chemicals.
B.She didn’t realize shampoo contains all the necessary chemicals.
C.She couldn’t recognize the description on the shampoo bottle.
D.She didn’t recognize she was quite different from other women.
4.What is the main trouble with shampoo?
A.It adds more oils to the hair.
B.It prevents the scalp producing oils.
C. It badly impacts the shampoo industry.
D. It makes people addicted to using it more often.
B
Along with its neighbors, Sweden features near the top of most sex-equality rankings. The World Economic Forum rates it as having one of the narrowest sex gaps in the world. Sweden is not only a good place for a woman, but it appears to be one for new dads. Close to ninety
percent of Swedish fathers take paternity leave (陪产假). Last year some 340,000 dads took a total of 12 million day s’ leave, that is, approximately seven weeks each. Women take even more leave days to spend time with their children, but the gap is shrinking. Why do Swedish dads take so much time off work to raise their children?
Forty years ago Sweden became the first country in the world to introduce a paid parental-leave allowance. Benefits consisted of ninety percent of wages for 180 days per child, and parents were free to share the days between them in whatever way they pleased. But the policy was hardly a hit with dads: in the policy’s first year men took only 0.5% of all paid parental leave.
Today they take a quarter of it. One reason is that the policy has become more generous, with the number of paid leave days for the first child increasing from 180 to 480. In 1995 the first so-called “daddy month” was introduced. Under this reform, families in which each parent took at least one month of leave received an additional month to add to their total allowance. The policy was expanded in 2002 so that if the mother and father each took at least two months’ leave, the family would get two extra months. Some politicians now want to go further, advocating that the present system of shared leave be turned into one of personal rights, under which mothers should be allowed to take only half of the family’s allowance, with the rest reserved for fathers. Since Swedish men started to take more responsibility for child upbringing, women have seen both their incomes and levels of self-reported happiness increase. Paying dads to change nappies(尿布) and hang out at playgrounds seems to benefit the whole family.
5. What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A. Swedish Sex Equality
B. Swedish Father s’ Paternity Leave
C. Swedish New Dad Policy
D. Swedish New Fathers’ Family Role
6. Why does Sweden appear a good place for new dads?
A. Sweden has the smallest global sex gap.
B. They feed their children instead of mothers.
C. Most of them are provided with paternity leave.
D. Swedish fathers take more leave days than mothers.
7. How has the policy changed over time?
A. Fathers can have longer paternity leave.
B. Paternity leave decreases fathers’ incomes.
C. Fathers take more responsibility than mothers.
D. Leave days are divided equally between parents.
C
The following simple exercise routine works as well as prescription medication(处方药) without side effects.
A jog a day could keep your headaches at bay; regular cardio workouts(有氧锻炼) may prevent migraines(偏头痛), a growing body of research suggests.
Migraine patients had fewer headaches after doing 40-minute cycling workouts three times a week for three months, according to a Swedish study.
The exercise routine worked just as well as one of the top migraine-preventing drugs—topamirate, but without side effects of depression and tremors(颤抖).
“Cardio workouts can help with regular headaches, too,”says Alexander Mauskop, M.D., director of the New York Headache Center in Manhattan.
There are a couple of theories on how it works.
“Breaking a sweat may relieve stress,”says Dr. Mauskop. Headaches are often triggered by stress, and if you remove the trigger, you release the pain.
The feel-good chemicals produced when you exercise actually block your pain sensors, acting as a natural painkiller.
Since headaches can be caused by many different factors like genetics, lack of sleep, or certain foods, the cardio workout won’t be the solution for everyone, Dr. Mauskop says. But one German study found that it helped 65 percent of patients, which makes it as effective as the best medicines on the market.
Dr. Mauskop recommends his patients do a half-hour reasonable intensity(强度) cardio workout, like jogging, biking, or swimming three times a week. These workouts are meant to be slow and steady, as opposed to high-intensity intervals that alternate between all-out runs and rest.
Pushing yourself too much or increasing the intensity too quickly can trigger headaches in some people, so make sure your heart rate doesn’t jump above 150 BPM. If you don’t have a heart rate monitor, then breathe only through your nose. You’ll know you’re going too hard if you
can’t keep up that breathing pattern.
Your migraines could start disappearing in a couple of weeks, Dr. Mauskop says.
8. According to the passage, the author may agree that _______.
A. jogging, swimming and fishing are cardio workouts.
B. neither cardio workouts nor topamirate has side effects
C. migraine patients may be cured by regular cardio workouts
D. cardio workouts will be the solution for everyone with migraines
9. The underlined word “triggered” in Paragraph 7 can be replaced by _______.
A. cured
B. released
C. caused
D. monitored
10. What would be the best title?
A. A cure for headaches
B. Side effects of migraines
C. The causes of headaches
D. Advantages of cardio workouts.
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Most students have experienced or suffered from procrastination(拖延症). Here are some tips to help you reduce procrastination.
Set goals
Students often procrastinate because they think that they can put off the work for a while and enjoy their time at the moment. 11 , when the deadline becomes one day away and the essay has yet to be started. In order to stay on track, you should constantly set and update goals. It can be beneficial to mark all deadlines in a planner and think about how much time you need to meet them all. Update your plan for the upcoming two weeks so that you do not get overwhelmed, and continue to update as other assignments and events arise. Additionally, make a daily schedule in order to reach necessary goals before going to bed.
Reward yourself
It can become extremely difficult to work for hours straight in order to finish schoolwork. In order to keep productivity, set breaks at the end of a period of time or once you finish a section of your work so that you can reward yourself with some deserved, scheduled, and controlled procrastination-like activities. 12 . Breaks like these are proven to increase productivity and
keep you focused, and they will make the process of studying much more bearable!
Remind yourself of what you’re doing
Sometimes you may begin to think that what you are working on has little to do with what you ultimately want to do. You may consider some work or a class pointless and not useful to your further studies. However, when these thoughts arise, remind yourself what the ultimate goal of your schooling is. Remind yourself why you wanted to go to school and take this program in the first place. 13 .
Turn off the Internet
14 . If you do not need the Internet to do your work, turn it off so that you are not receiving notifications while completing your work, and you are not so tempted to search for sites. The same goes for your cell phone; you can take a break from being connected to the cyber world in order to do your schoolwork. If you feel the need to check messages and websites often, set time when you will allow yourself to do so rather than constantly staying connected.
15
Being productive for all hours of every day does not work—you do need breaks, and as a student you are entitled to have a lot of fun. So, in order to balance productivity and amusement, plan time to go out with friends or do something relaxing. But ideally, social and relaxations plans should be made after a significant portion of work is complete. This way, while you are working, you can keep in mind that once you have finished your work you can go out and not worry about your assignments.
A. Enjoy every minute in school
B. Have something to look forward to
C. The Internet has become an essential part of our daily life
D. You may understand why you should focus on completing your work
E. This thought tends to make things worse, though
F. Some of the most common distractions are those found on the Internet
G. You may have coffee with a friend, cook, or watch a television show
第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
Skylynn always had a love for reading. For her, stories served as 16 to new worlds.
As she surrounded herself with 17 tales, Skylynn developed a 18 for writing as well. Nowadays she can often be found writing stories in her room or 19 at the library. After being 20 by her love of reading, she published her own book 21 Sky’s the Limit.
Sky’s the Limit is about a little girl who wants to become a famous playwright and 22 challenges that come her way by staying 23 throughout the story. The tale is based on actual 24 in Skylynn’s life and Skylynn identifies strongly with the 25 of her book. In fact, she, too, has been bullied (欺凌) before and laughed at. Sometimes people would claim her dreams were 26 and she would come home crying. In the end, 27 , just like the little girl in her book, she never let the 28 stop her.
Skylynn stays strong by 29 herself. Whenever she is feeling down, she tries to think positive thoughts and 30 herself with positive people. Her mother tells her that this “waterfall of positive attitudes” can 31 the bulling. By believing in herself and others, Skylyn 32 blocks out the voices of intimidators (威吓者).
She hopes that her story will inspire 33 to develop the same belief in themselves. In Skylynn’s opinion, everyone has the capability to 34 that which they put their mind to. Dreams can be reached if we are willing to 35 them. As for Skylynn, her happiness as a result of the process proves how meaningful pursuing dreams can be.
16. A. pictures B. actions C. tickets D. devotions
17. A. magical B. childish C. long D. complicated
18. A. regret B. method C. power D. trend
19. A. sometimes B. seldom C. always D. never
20. A. disappointed B. instructed C. inspired D. moved
21. A. renamed B. given C. underlined D. titled
22. A. overcomes B. avoids C. suggests D. keeps
23. A. kind B. positive C. awake D. healthy
24. A. opinions B. plans C. events D. opportunities
25. A. heroine B. plots C. lines D. construction
26. A. boring B. interesting C. wonderful D. unrealistic
27. A. therefore B. then C. though D. still
28. A. work B. darkness C. distance D. story
29. A. believing in B. referring to C. attending to D. pointing at
30. A. hide B. blame C. follow D. surround
31. A. match B. conquer C. lose D. examine
32. A. slightly B. firstly C. successfully D. hardly
33. A. readers B. writers C. girls D. students
34. A. introduce B. acknowledge C. copy D. accomplish
35. A. remember B. chase C. admire D. value
第二节：语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The British have many traditions but there is nothing more quintessential (典型的) than taking afternoon tea. We know the British have a love affair with drinking tea, 36 more than 160 million cups drunk every day, but it was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea-drinking into 37 popular pastime.
This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea 38 (comfort) while nibbling (小口吃) on nice sandwiches, scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes. And, of course, it can only happen in the afternoon! Afternoon tea, which 39 (design) as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner, dates back to the 1840s. It went on to become a 40 (fashion) social occasion for the upper classes.
Now there is a resurgence (复苏) in its 41 (popular) in the UK and it is available to anyone who can afford it. 42 it can be enjoyed at home, the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel of café. But if you’re thinking of visiting such a place 43 (enjoy) a plate of sweet and savory treats with a steaming hot brew, remember the rules you must follow to avoid 44 (ask) to leave.
Writer Henry James once noted that “there are few hours in life more agreeable than the hour dedicated to the ceremony known as afternoon tea”. I’m sure once you try it, you 45 (agree).
第三部分：写作（共三节, 满分45分）