高三英语阅读理解专项训练及答案含解析

高三英语阅读理解专项训练及答案含解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

Average humans can consume 15 or more drinks in plastic bottles a month. If you were born after 1978, and live until 80 years old, you will leave behind a minimum of 14,400 plastic bottles on this planet. These bottles take hundreds of years to break down into tiny pieces of plastic, never to completely disappear. Most of the waste is consumed by fish and birds, which has shortened their lifetime greatly.

The Plastic Bottle Village is just a great idea that might finally save us from being buried in plastic. It's a community in Panama that is going to be made of used bottles. The design process begins with building steel frames, which are then filled with these bottles. Once this step is complete, and electrical and plumbing (管道装置) lines are put inside, the plastic walls are covered by concrete—both inside and outside. So no one will actually be able to tell that the walls are made of plastic. Besides, the material will keep the house 17°C cooler than the outside, which is the biggest benefit to people living inside.

The village is the brainchild (主意) of Robert Bezeau with the intention of setting up several environmental projects. Having started a recycling program four years ago, during which a number of plastic bottles were collected, he started to think of how they could be put to use. Soon enough, he decided to use them to build houses, and came up with a basic idea for the construction process.

The project hopes to make people conscious of the waste that these bottles create so that they can do more to protect the environment. The village will also create an education center that will teach individuals from the world how to reuse plastic bottles as construction materials for shelter. Recycled bottles could neutralize the negative effect of your passage on this planet, and move closer to leaving only your “footprints”.

（1）What does Paragraph 1 intend to tell us?

A. The reason for buying fewer drinks.

B. The difficult situation of wildlife.

C. The amount of plastic waste.

D. The seriousness of plastic pollution.

（2）What is the biggest benefit to people living in the Plastic Bottle Village?

A. The house will be much cooler than normal ones.

B. The material of construction will be reduced a lot.

C. The newly-made house can save a lot of electricity.

D. The waste of the house can be consumed by fish and birds.

（3）Which of the following words can best describe Robert?

A. Creative.

B. Courageous.

C. Enthusiastic.

D. Sensitive.（4）The main purpose of Robert's projects is to

A. provide shelter for locals

B. reuse all deserted plastic bottles

C. popularize the use of plastic bottles

D. raise people's environmental awareness

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】考查环保类文章。一个人一生中会留下许多塑料瓶子，这些瓶子要花上百年才能分解成碎片，而且永远不会完全消失，给地球留下太多的污染。于是Robert想出了用这此塑料瓶子建成房子，这种材料房子的室内温度相对凉爽，这对于环境来说更加环保。

（1）考查推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，一个人一生中会留下许多塑料瓶子，这些瓶子要花上百年才能分解成碎片，而且永远不会完全消失。大部分的废物被鱼和鸟所消耗，大大缩短了它们的寿命。由此可推测出这些塑料瓶子对地球的污染有多严重。故答案选D。

（2）考查细节理解中的一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合。根据第二段最后一句“the material will keep the house 17°C cooler than the outside, which is the biggest benefit to people living inside.”可知，这种材料可以使房子的温度比室外低17°，这对居住在室内的人来说是最大的好处。故答案A。

（3）考查推理判断题。根据全文可知这地球上的塑料瓶子要花上百年才能分解成碎片，而且永远不会完全消失，给地球留下太多的污染。于是Robert的项目就是用这些塑料瓶建成房子，这种材料房子的室内温度相对凉爽，不仅让利用废物，还环保了地球。可说是一个有创意性的项目，即Robert是一个有创造性的人。故答案选A。

（4）考查推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句“The project hopes to make people conscious of the waste that these bottles create so that they c an do more to protect the environment. ”可知项目希望人们意识到这些瓶子造成的浪费，以便他们能做更多来保护环境，以此提高人们保护环境的意识。故答案选D。

【点评】细节判断题——定位法。通过定位词寻找出题点定位词和主题句是英语阅读理解解题方法的最重要的两个要素，前者适用于解答细节理解题，后者用于解答主旨大意题。通过定位词解题，就是说我们在阅读题干的时候迅速的把题干中有标记意义的词或词组划记出来，然后用这个词回到原文当中定位。

2．阅读理解

Dear Mr.ing,

I'm Bob Watson, one of the customers in your grocery store. I'm writing to express my idea about your goods.

Your Supermart is outstanding in many ways. First I enjoy the selection of produce and fresh bakery items. Second your low prices and excellent customer service keep me coming back to Supermart. I have found, however, that I must make a separate shopping trip to one of your competitors because there are many items your store does not carry. This becomes inconvenient for me, as my time is valuable, and I don't like to make two trips. I have been a long time Supermart shopper and hope to continue for many years. If I could find all the items I need in one place, I would be a more satisfied customer.

Specifically, I have never been able to purchase nacho cheese soup at your store. I can find other flavors (味道) of soup, but your store does not carry nacho cheese soup, a common

ingredient (原料) in many of my recipes. In addition, I can only find large wonton wrappers, while many other stores carry both large and small and offer a more varied selection for their customers. Another example is Regent Brand Chili Seasoning. Though it is not a leading brand, it is still common on the shelves of other grocery stores in this area and is superior in flavor to its competitors.

I sincerely hope to continue a relationship with your store, and I hope that you will consider the possibility of expanding your goods to be more competitive.

Yours truly,

Bob Watson

（1）From the letter, we can learn that the author is ________.

A.a very picky reporter

B.a regular customer of the store

C.a responsible nutritionist

D.a competitor of the store

（2）How does the author present his point in Paragraph 2?

A.By comparing two different stores.

B.By analyzing the figures.

C.By providing scientific findings.

D.By giving examples.

（3）According to Bob, the grocery store ________.

A.offers good customer service

B.is outstanding in every way

C.meets all his needs

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/028402720.html,cks convenient transportation

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一封书信。杂货店的常客Bob Watson写信表达了对杂货店里的产品的看法。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ Second your low prices and excellent customer service keep me coming back to Supermarket”你们的低价和优质的顾客服务使我经常光顾你们的超市。从信中我们可以了解到作者是该店的常客。故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“S pecifically, I have never been able to purchase nacho cheese soup at your store. I can find other flavors (味道) of soup, but your store does not carry nacho cheese soup, a common ingredient (原料) in many of my recipes. In addition, I can only find large wonton wrappers, while many other stores carry both large and small and offer a more varied selection for their customers. Another example is Regent Brand Chili Seasoning.”具体来说，我从来没能在你们店里买到纳乔奶酪汤。我可以找到其他口味的汤，但你们店里没有纳乔奶酪汤，我的很多食谱里都有纳乔奶酪汤。此外，我只能找到大馄饨皮，而许多其他的商店有大的和小的，并为他们的客户提供更多样化的选择。另一个例子是Regent牌辣椒

调料。可知，作者在第二段中通过举例子来陈述他的观点。故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中“Your Supermarket is outstanding in many ways. First I enjoy the selection of produce and fresh bakery items. Second your low prices and excellent customer service keep me c oming back to Supermarket.”你们的超市在很多方面都很出色。首先，我喜欢选择农产品和新鲜的烘焙食品。其次，你们低廉的价格和优质的客户服务让我经常光顾超市。可知，据鲍勃说，这家杂货店提供良好的顾客服务。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一封信件，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

There are at least 3, 000 miles of waterways in Britain. On these canals and rivers, there are over 30,000 'houseboats'—boats that people use as homes. Around 10, 000 of them are located in London.

The earliest populations of Britain's 'boat people' have been living on the water since the canals were built during the industrial revolution. Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle. Houseboat communities are typically made up of people who are looking for a slower way of life and who want to be in touch with nature.

Living on the water sounds romantic, but it is also hard work. There are daily things that need to be done, like bringing fuel and water on board and dealing with 'waste' water from kitchen sink, shower and toilet. In winter, living on a boat can be very cold and there is always a feeling of damp. Of course, most boats are quite small inside, so you don't have much space, especially if you are a couple, family or a group of friends.

Despite these difficulties, the number of people living on Britain's waterways has increased by around 50 per cent over the past ten years. More and more families and young professionals are moving onto houseboats, not only because they like the idea of life on water, but also because it is much cheaper to buy or rent a boat than a flat or a house.

There is a great sense of community on the waterways; many boat people say that their neighbours are always ready to help them, and houseboat neighbours often become friends for life. This is quite a different story from people who live in flats or houses and may hardly know the people next door at all.

（1）What does the underlined word "alternative" in paragraph 2 probably mean?

A.Creative.

B.Enjoyable.

C.Non — traditional.

D.Primitive.

（2）From the third paragraph, we know that it is to live on the boat.

A.inconvenient

B.easy

C.boring

D.unforgettable

（3）Which of the following information is not given in the text?

A.There are lots of rivers and canals in Britain.

B.Many people live on houseboats in Wales.

C.Houseboat living become popular in the industrial revolution.

D.People who live on houseboats are usually very friendly with their neighbours.

（4）Why do many people choose to live on the water?

A.living on the water is romantic

B.living on the water is easy and natural

C.living on the water can avoid unfriendly neighbours

D.living on the water costs less than living on the land

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在英国年轻人中流行的一种居住方式“船屋”。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Houseboat communities are typically made up of people who are looking for a slower way of life and who want to be in touch with nature.”可知，游艇社区通常是由那些寻求慢节奏生活方式和想要接触大自然的人组成的；再根据第一段中的“there are over 30,000 'houseboats'—boats that people use as homes.” 这些人以船为家的。即他们以船为家，是因为喜欢慢节奏的生活，想要接触大自然。这与传统的居住方式不同。可知“Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle”这句是说从工业革命起，游艇生活通常吸引那些喜欢另类生活方式的人。即这种游艇生活吸引那些喜欢“非传统的”生活方式的人。选项C. Non — traditional（非传统的）符合题意，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Living on the water sounds romantic, but it is also hard work. ”可知，在水上生活听起来很浪漫，但也很辛苦；以及“There are daily things that need to be done, .... In winter, living on a boat can be very cold and there is always a feeling of damp. Of course, most boats are quite small inside, ....”比如带上燃料和水，要处理“废水”等。冬天住在船上很冷，总有一种潮湿感。当然，大多数的船里面都很小.......。由这些例子可知，生活在船上是极不方便的。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第一段“There are at least 3 ,000 miles of waterways in Britain. On these canals and rivers,... Around 10 ,000 of them are l ocated in London.”可知英国有许多河流和运河，其中大约10000个位于伦敦。可知A项正确；第二段中的“The earliest populations of Britain's 'boat people' have been living on the water since the canals were built during the industrial revolution. Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle....”自工业革命时期修建运河以来，英国最早的“船民”一直生活在水上。从那时起，游艇生活通常吸引那些喜欢另类生活方式的人，即说游艇生活在工业革命中变得流行起来，可知C项正确；以及最后一段中的“many boat people say that their neighbours are always ready to help them, and houseboat neighbours often become friends for

life.” 许多船民说，他们的邻居总是乐于帮助他们，而船上邻居常常成为终生的朋友，可知D项正确。综合可知B项文章中没有提及，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“More and more families and young professionals are moving onto houseboats, not only because they like the idea of life on water but also because it is much cheaper to buy or rent a boat than a flat or a house.”越来越多的家庭和年轻的专业人士正搬到游艇上居住，这不仅是因为他们喜欢水上生活，还因为买船或租船比租公寓或房子便宜得多。可推断出生活在水上比生活在陆地上花费少。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

WISH YOU WERE MORE CREATIVE?

I want to ask you a favor. I have a pair of pants. Tell me: How many different ways can I put a pair of pants to use? Now imagine you're an architect. Same question. Now imagine you're Bill Gates. A scuba diver. A medieval knight. You still have the pants. What alternative uses come to mind?

What you just practiced--the conscious act of "wearing" another self-is an exercise that, according to psychiatrist SriniPillay, MD, is essential to being creative.

One great irony (讽刺) about our collective addiction to creativity is that we tend to frame it in uncreative ways. That is to say, most of us marry creativity to our concept of self: Either we're "creative" or we aren't, without much of a middle ground. "I'm just not a creative person!" a discouraged student might say in art class, while another might blame her talent at painting for her difficulties in math, making a comment "I'm very right-brained."

Dr.Pillay, an assistant professor at Harvard University, has spent years overturning these ideas. He believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to challenge the stereotyped (陈词滥调的) advice that urges you to "believe in yourself." In fact, you should do the opposite: Believe you are someone else.

He points to a study showing the impact of stereotype on one's behavior. The authors, psychologists Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar, divided their college student subjects into two groups, instructing one group to think of themselves as "eccentric poets" and the other to imagine they were "rigid librarians". The researchers then presented them all with ordinary objects, including a fork, a carrot, and a pair of pants, and asked them to come up with as many different uses as possible for each one. The former group came up with the widest range of ideas, whereas the latter had the fewest.

These results suggest that creativity is not an individual characteristic but a "product of context and perspective". Everyone can be creative, as long as he or she feels like a creative person.

Dr. Pillay's work takes this a step further: He argues that simply identifying yourself as creative is less powerful than taking the brave, creative step of imagining you are somebody else. This exercise, which he calls psychological Halloweenism, refers to the conscious action of "wearing" another self. An actor may employ this technique to get into character, but anyone can use it. According to Dr. Pillay, it works because it is an act of conscious unfocus, a collection of brain regions that spring into action when you're not focused on a specific task or thought. Most people spend nearly half of their days in a state of "unfocus." This doesn't make us lazy; it makes us human.

Imagining yourself in a new situation, or an entirely new identity, never felt so productive. You're making yourself more creative, and you're giving yourself permission to do something you'd otherwise feel guilty about.

（1）What's the function of the questions in paragraph 1?

A. To lead in the topic.

B. To make a comparison.

C. To state an opinion.

D. To ask a favor.

（2）The study led by Denis Dumas and Kevin Dunbar proves

A. creativity is an individual characteristic

B. librarians are more creative than poets

C. ordinary objects can improve creativity

D. your creativity is determined by yourself

（3）According to Dr. Pillay, Halloweenism works because .

A. it is an act of unconscious focus

B. certain brain areas begin to act together

C. people are in a state of laziness

D. all actors employ this technique

（4）If you want to be more creative, you are supposed to .

A. focus on a specific task

B. believe in your own talent

C. pretend to be someone else

D. turn to be right-brained

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了如何让自己更有创造力，给读者展示了一种心理学理念--心理角色扮演：遇见更有创造力的自己。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段可知作者问读者一条裤子可以有多少种不同的用法?并让读者假设自己是一名建筑师，比尔盖茨，带水肺的潜水员，一个中世纪的骑士等等思考同样的问题；再根据第二段”What you just practiced--the conscious act of "wearing" another self--is an exercise that…is essential to being creative.“可知作者接着说刚才你所练习的--有意识地"穿戴"另一个自我的行为--是一种对保持创造力至关重要的练习。这说明作者在第一段问这些问题就是为了引出下文中的"创造力"话题，故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第六段”These results suggest that creativity is not an individual characteristic but a‘product of context and perspective’. Everyone can be creative, as long as he or she feels like a creative person.“可知Denis Dumas 和Kevin Dunbar的研究结果表明创造力

不是个体特征，而是"环境和视角的产物"。每个人都可以有创造力，只要他或她觉得自己是一个有创造力的人。也就是说一个人的创造力是取决于自己的。故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第七段中的”According to Dr. Pillay, it works because it is an act of conscious unfocus, a collection of brain regions that spring into action when you're not focused on a specific task or thought.“可知据皮莱博士说，心理万圣节之所以有效，是因为它是一种有意识的分散注意力的行为，当你不专注于某一特定任务或思想时，大脑中一系列区域就起作用。这说明心理万圣节有效是因为大脑的某些区域大脑协同工作，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的”He believes that the key to unlocking your creative potential is to challenge the stereotyped (陈词滥调的) advice that urges you to ‘believe in yourself.’ In fact, you should do the opposite: Believe you are someone else.“可知想象自己处在一个新的环境中，或者是一个全新的身份，你会感到从未有过的高效，你让自己更有创造力。由此推断所以要变得有创造力的话，要想象自己有一个全新的身份，也就是把自己想象成另外一个人。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

During this shopping season, salesmen will come up with different strategies to get your business. Many product companies use specific colors to cause positive emotions and compete for a sale. However, sight is not the only sensory (感官的) retail that companies use. Sounds and smells can also influence consumers' purchasing decisions.

Nobel Prize-winning research shows that our sense of smell has great power to cause an emotional response. A study published earlier this year compared purchasing in a French flower shop when the smell of lavender (薰衣草) was given off and when it wasn't. It found that the smell increased the number of consumers' purchasing items and the amount of their purchases. An earlier study using Nike shoes found that consumers desired the shoes more, and were willing to pay more, when the room had a mixed smell of flowers. Realizing the subconscious impact of smell, many stores apply artificial scents (气味) through their heating and air-conditioning vents (通风口) or place scent machines above their doors. For instance, a coconut scent might make that bikini more appealing as you long for a vacation.

Ever felt frenzied due to a store's fast-paced music? Or calmed by a piece of light music? A retailer's choice of music can have a big impact on consumers' moods. One study found that when subjected to loud music, consumers will spend less time in a store. But interestingly, the researchers did not find a difference in sales or customers' satisfaction. Another interesting finding from a recent study was that customers actually shop longer when exposed to unfamiliar music. Just as department stores use different scents in certain departments, many use different music in some areas to appeal to varying consumers.

Well, you could always leave the store and take a break, but the food court probably isn't your best choices as brands like Cinnabon and Panera Bread also use scents as part of their customers' experience. Online retailers (零售商) use a variety of other strategies to get your business, but

you can always neglect those and enjoy the familiar scents of home.

（1）The passage is mainly about ________.

A. consumers' favorite sounds and smells while shopping

B. shopping malls' strategies for satisfying consumers

C. some special services from super shopping malls

D. two factors affecting consumers' shopping decisions

（2）What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?

A. Decorating stores with flowers becomes a fashion.

B. Shops with special smells can attract more consumers.

C. Smells can actually help businessmen gain more profits.

D. The products with a kind of special smell are more popular.

（3）How does music have an effect on consumers?

A. It controls consumers' desire for shopping.

B. It influences how long consumers stay in a shop.

C. It gives consumers the satisfaction of enjoying shopping.

D. Whether consumers are willing to buy things depends on it.

（4）Whi ch of the following can replace the underlined word “frenzied” in Paragraph 3? A. Satisfied. B. Depressed. C. Surprised. D. Excited.

（5）What does the writer try to express in the last paragraph?

A. Online shopping is becoming more and more popular nowadays.

B. People should spend more time at home with family members.

C. People can choose to get rid of salesmen's promotion strategies.

D. Smells and sounds are important for consumers' shopping experience.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）D

（5）C

【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。这篇文章主要介绍了影响消费者购物决定的两个因素。（1）主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Sounds and smells can also influence consumers' purchasing decisions.（声音和气味也会影响消费者的购买决定）及下文对这两个因素的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了影响消费者购物决定的两个因素。故答案选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据第二段中的It found that the smell increased the number of consumers' purchasing items and the amount of their purchases.（研究发现，这种气味增加了消费者购买物品的数量和购买量）可推知，气味实际上可以帮助商人获得更多的利润。故答案选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据第三段中的One study found that when subjected to loud music, consumers will spend less time in a store…Another interesting finding from a recent study was that customers actually shop longer when exposed to unfamiliar music.（研究发现，当音乐音量过大时，消费者在商店里的时间会减少……最近一项研究的另一个有趣发现是，当顾客接

触到不熟悉的音乐时，他们的购物时间实际上更长）可知，音乐会影响消费者在商店里停留的时间。故答案选B。

（4）词义猜测题。A. Satisfied满意的；B. Depressed沮丧的；C. Surprised吃惊的；D. Excited兴奋的。根据第三段中的Or calmed by a piece of light music?（还是听着轻音乐平静下来?）可知，划线词所在句意为“有没有因为商店里快节奏的音乐而感到疯狂?”，由此推知，划线词意为“疯狂的”，疯狂是一种兴奋的状态。故答案选D。

（5）推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Online retailers (零售商) use a variety of other strategies to get your business, but you can always neglect those and enjoy the familiar scents of home.（网上零售商使用各种各样的策略来获得你的生意，但你可以忽略这些，享受熟悉的家的味道）可知，作者想要告诉人们，我们可以选择摆脱销售员的促销策略。故答案选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Devon Gallagher, a college graduate from Philadelphia, wants the world to know exactly where she's been while she's on her worldwide vacation in a special way. The traveler, who was born with a bone disease, had her right leg amputated (截肢) at the age of four. Although the amputation caused inconvenience for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life.

To spread that message. Gallagher has gone to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the world, but instead of simply using a geo-tag (地理位置标签), she writes her location on her artificial leg before taking a picture.

Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam relaxing on a wall overlooking the city of Barcelona, posing with a waffle in Brussels, taking in the beautiful Parthenon temple in Athens and enjoying a river ride in Budapest, all with the well-known locations written on her artificial leg.

"I get a new leg every two years and I can choose the design on it. One day I had a sudden thought to get a chalk-board," Gallagher said. "My mum and grandmother didn't like the idea, but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it, so I did."

Gallagher said people often stare when she's writing on her leg, but once she shares the photos, she receives only positive feedback (反馈), "My leg hasn't stopped me from doing anything I've wanted to do," she said. "I don't know if it's my determination to prove to myself that I can do it, anyway, I've been able to keep up with people at my age and lead a pretty great life."

Gallagher shows us that you should never let anything stand in the way of your dreams. And if life gives you an artificial leg, make art.

（1）What message did Gallapher want to spread in her special way?

A. She enjoys her travelling across the globe.

B. She suffers little from her leg's amputation.

C. she looks on her misfortune as another form of blessing.

D. She has exactly fallen in love with posting photos online.

（2）What does the word "which" underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?

A. the continent

B. the pictures

C. the leg

D. the location

（3）Gallapher can best be described as ________.

A. helpful and ambitious

B. friendly and generous

C. determined and creative

D. independent and sensible

（4）Which of the following might be the best title for the text?

A. Never Too Late to share

B. A Special Artificial Leg

C. An Outstanding Photographer

D. Gallagher's Summer Holidays

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】Devon Gallagher小时因病右腿截肢，尽管有很多不便，但她认为这可以激励她过上最好的生活。长大后Gallagher在社交媒体上分享自己环球旅行的照片，但她并没有简单的使用地理标签，而是拍照前在假肢上写下自己的位置。她的故事告诉我们不要让任何东西挡住通往梦想的道路。

（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中Although the amputation caused inconvenience for Gallagher early on, she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life.。尽管截肢早期给她带来了很多不便，但她认为这可以激励她过上最好的生活。由此可知Gallagher 想以她独特的方式表明她把自己的不幸看做是另一种幸运的形式，故选C。

（2）推理判断题。Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent, which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam relaxing on a wall…现在她在整个大陆拍照，应该是这些照片展示了…所以which指代的是她拍的照片，故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据第四段One day I had a sudden thought to get a chalk-board," Gallagher said. "My mum and grandmother didn't like the idea, but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it, so I did."Gallagher说她妈妈和外婆都不喜欢她chalk-board的主意，但她的朋友喜欢，让她去试试，所以她就去了，可知Gallagher很有决心。根据第二段 To spread that message. Gallagher has gone to social media, where she shares photos of her travels across the world, but instead of simply using a geo-tag (地理位置标签), she writes her location on her artificial leg before taking a picture。Gallagher把她的位置写在假肢上来和大家分享可知他是一个很有创造性的人，故选C。

（4）主旨大意题。最后一段And if life gives you an artificial leg, make art。是本文的主题句，根据文章内容可知本文主要描述的是截肢的Gallagher在社交媒体上分享自己环球旅行的照片，但她并没有简单的使用地理标签，而是拍照前在假肢上写下自己的位置的故事。这篇文章是想通过Gallagher的一条假肢，传达出一种乐观向上的生活态度，故 A Special Artificial Leg是最好的标题。故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题三种常考题型，细节理解题要注意从文中寻找答案；推理判断题需要联系上下文以及分析特殊句式，推断出需要的信息；主旨大意题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

7．阅读理解

It is bad to have food stuck between your teeth for long periods of time. This is because food attracts germs; germs produce acid, and acid hurts your teeth and gums. Flossing (使用牙线) helps to remove the food that gets stuck between your teeth. This explains why flossing helps to keep your mouth healthy, but some doctors say that flossing can also be good for your heart.

It may seem strange that something you do for your teeth can have any effect on your heart. Doctors have come up with a few ideas about how flossing works to keep your heart healthy. One idea is that the germs that hurt your teeth can leave the mouth and travel into your blood.Germs that get into the blood can then attack your heart. Another idea is based on the fact that when there are too many germs in your mouth, the body tries to fight against there germs. For some reason, the way the body fights these mouth germs may end up weakening the heart overtime. Not every doctor agrees about these ideas. Some doctors think that the link between good flossing habits and good heart health is only a coincidence. The incidence (发生率) of two or more events is completely random, as they do not admit of any reliable cause and effect relationship between them. For example, every time I wash my car, it rains. This does not mean that when I wash my car, I somehow change the weather. This is only a coincidence. Similarly, some doctors think that people who have bad flossing habits just happen to also have heart problems, and people who have good flossing habits just happen to have healthy hearts.

The theory that flossing your teeth helps to keep your heart healthy might not be true. But every doctor agrees that flossing is a great way to keep your teeth healthy. So even if flossing does not help your heart, it is true to help your teeth. This is enough of a reason for everyone to floss their teeth every day.

（1）From the passage, we know that ________.

A. food stuck between your teeth may hurt your teeth

B. all of the doctors agree that flossing is good for your heart

C. doctors' judgment about flossing is based on medical research

D. not every doctor thinks flossing helps to keep your teeth healthy

（2）The underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 is to ________.

A. provide an example

B. make a comparison

C. introduce a new topic

D. develop the previous statement

（3）Which of the following best states the main idea of the last paragraph?

A. It is a fact that flossing can help your heart as well as your teeth.

B. There is no good reason to believe that flossing will help your heart.

C. Because doctors find flossing won't help your heart, it is useless to floss.

D. Even if flossing is only good for your teeth, you should still do it every day.

（4）Which is the best title for the passage?

A. Flossing by Coincidence

B. How to Keep Your Teeth Healthy

C. Flossing Habits and Healthy Hearts

D. Why Doctors Disagree About Flossing

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文提到经过研究，剔牙与保持心脏之间没有必然的联系，但剔牙能保护牙齿的健康是可以肯定的。

( 1 )推理判断题。根据第一段提到It is bad to have food stuck between your teeth for long periods of time. This is because food attracts germs(细菌), germs produce acid, and acid hurts your teeth and gums.(长时间让食物停留在牙齿是有害处的，这是因为食物能吸引细菌，细菌会产生酸，腐蚀你的牙齿)，故选A项。

( 2 )句意猜测题。Not every doctor agrees about these ideas不是每个医生都对这些问题持相同的态度，Some doctors think that the link between good flossing habits and good heart health is only a coincidence.一些医生认为用牙线剔牙与心脏健康之间的关系只是偶然Similarly, some doctors think that people who have bad flossing habits just happen to also have heart problems一些医生认为有剔牙习惯的碰巧有心脏问题，故是发展以前的观点，因此选D 项。

( 3 ) 段落大意题。根据最后一段提到剔牙能保持你的心脏健康这一理论可能并不正确的，但医生同意剔牙能保证牙齿的健康，因此即使剔牙不能有助于你的心脏，肯定能保护你牙齿，这就是每天剔牙的重要原因，故选D项。

( 4 )主旨标题题。本文提到经过研究，剔牙与保持心脏之间没有必然的联系，但剔牙能保护牙齿的健康是可以肯定的，故选C项。

8．阅读理解

Oh my God, the robots are taking over! We're doomed! Doomed! Now that I've gotten that out of my system, it's become clear that while we may or may not be doomed, the robots are taking over. The latest example is the government's new guidelines for self-driving cars.

Tesla, Google and Uber are already testing driverless cars in cities across America. Uber chief executive Travis Kalanick is among those predicting that by 2021, self-driving cars will play a big part in urban settings.

Nearly 40,000 people died last year in this nation in automobile-related accidents, and we believes driverless cars can save tens of thousands of lives annually.

Makes sense. Robot drivers are less likely to get drunk, drive without a license, text while

driving or feel agitated at the scene of a pileup. On the other hand, I wonder how these highly sensitive cars will react, with walkers constantly dashing into the street. Will they jam on the brakes every 10 seconds?

But there's a bigger picture. Not only are robots replacing humans behind the wheel, but behind the work desk, in warehouses, senior homes, you name it. Robots aren't just taking over in the workplace.

The question is, where can't a robot function better than a human? How about writing songs?

A robot can go through every combination of notes in record time and come up with a pleasing melody. The lyrics might be a different story. Is a Grammy-winning song co-written by Hank Human and R-3071 in our future?

Finally, it's only a matter of time until we have robot politicians and presidential candidates. Why not? They can be programmed to be experts in world and domestic affairs and come up with the best solutions without corruption and bad humors.

Actually, it's too bad such technology isn't available in 2016. Pretty sure the robot would win in a landslide.

（1）What does the un derlined word “agitated” mean?

A. Tired

B. Cautious

C. Careful

D. Anxious

（2）What doubt does the writer have about self-driving cars?

A. How passengers behave in it.

B. How robot drivers get the license.

C. How they avoid crashing into other car.

D. How they respond to walkers on a busy street.（3）The last questions asked in the sixth paragraph reflects the wri ter’s ________.

A. confidence in robots, winning Grammy Awards

B. eagerness to listen to songs written by robots

C. doubt about robots’ ability to write songs

D. curiosity about the future Grammy songs （4）What might be the most suitable title for the text?

A. Robots will control the world in every field

B. Robots are coming but not soon enough

C. Robots are being used in our daily life

D. Robots can drive cars and write music

【答案】（1）D

（2）D

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文谈论机器人是否会控制世界的问题。以无人驾驶汽车为例，谈论无人驾驶的优缺点，以及在其他领域对机器人的应用，最后得出结论，机器人等现代化科学技术全面代替人类只是时间问题。

（1）猜测词义。根据划线词所在句“Robot drivers are less likely to...at the scene of a pileup.”可知，作者想说的是无人驾驶汽车看到堵车也不会感到焦虑不安。所以agitated应意为“焦虑的”，相当于 anxious，故选D。

（2）细节理解。根据第四段中on the other hand, I wonder how these highly sensitive cars will react, with walker constantly dashing into the street.可知，作者担心的是这些无人驾驶的汽车如何对经常冲进马路的行人如何反应，故选 D。

（3）推理判断。题干询问的是第六段提出的最后一个问题反映了作者的什么看法，根据本

段提到的机器人能够创作出优美的旋律可推知，作者是想借此问题说明将来机器人肯定会写出获得格莱美奖的音乐作品，故选A。

（4）主旨大意。通读全文内容尤其是最后一段中的“it’s too bad such technology isn’t available in 2016”可知，本文作者认为机器人时代来的不够快，B项反映了作者的看法，概括了文章内容。故选B。

【点评】议论文阅读首先要弄清楚作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什么样的结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。

9．阅读理解

The Hunan Satellite TV(HNTV) show "Where are we going, Dad?" is a big hit. Many famous stars brought their children to a strange village alone, and they had to spend 72 hours with their children there. The program fully showed us a modern version of the "how to be a good father". As the young parents today are too busy to take care of their children, this new form of "Lost on the way" played by nanny Daddy and cute kids triggered(触发)a lot of people's emotional resonance(共鸣). Both the kids and their parents will find that their hearts are being drawn closer. But this kind of feeling has just proved that there is a big spiritual barrier between the modern parents and children.

The TV shows like "Children are hard to support!", "Where are we going, Dad?", "hot mom" and "cute kids" are becoming more and more popular. All of these show the new parents' confusion in children's education and the appeal for the balance between career and family.

In real life, on the one hand the young parents feel helpless because they are too busy to accompany their children under the pressures of work and life; on the other hand they continue to do so. The data collected by HNTV shows that nearly two-thirds of their audience are female, among whom 36% are aged from 25 to 34.We can imagine such a scene that one evening a young mother is watching the show with her young children, while her husband is still at work or trapped in socializing, or maybe is just playing computer games in the bedroom. The story of a child without the company of father is still going on. In fact, it is sometimes the same to mothers. In a modern family, it is often the old who take the responsibility of raising a child. The participation of mother in the children's education is also very low.

It is just this kind of confusion where the parents have gone in the modern family education, and where the parents will guide their children to go that "Where are we going，Dad?" shows us. If a child wants to grow up healthily and safely into a modern citizen with independent personality and free spirit, it is very important for him or her to follow the parents who serve as their first teacher. Maybe this is the real reason why such kind of TV programs could get hot. The truth is that children will go where their parents go; and society will go where the children go.（1）In raising a child in modern society, parents should ________.

A.play computer games with their children

B.keep their children at home to avoid socializing

C.balance well between family and career

D.break down the barrier between children and teachers

（2）Which of the following can be inferred in the passage?

A.Parents shouldn't entirely leave the education of children to the old.

B.36% of the audience of the program are female aged from 25-34.

C.The program shows us the confusion where the parents and children will go to play.

D.In a modern family it is often mothers who are responsible for raising a child.

（3）Which one is the best title of the passage?

A.Confusion Behind “Where are we going, dad?”

B.Modern Education is Important

C.Nanny Daddy and Cute Kids

D.New problems in Modern Children's Education

（4）What attitude towards modern family education does the author express in the second paragraph?

A.Proud.

B.Worried.

C.Optimistic.

D.Indifferent.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过讲述热门节目“爸爸去哪儿”展示了现代家庭教育中存在的问题。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“All of these show the new parents' confusion in children's education and the appeal for the balance between career and family.”可知父母必须处理好事业与家庭之间的冲突，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“I n a modern family, it is often the old who take the responsibility of raising a child.”可知父母把养育孩子的责任交给了自己的父母，也就是爷爷奶奶，故选A。

（3）考查主旨大意。本文讲述爸爸去哪儿，这个电视节目取得了巨大的成功，得到大家的关注，从而如何教育孩子也就成为当前重要的话题，故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。第二段提到孩子很难养，辣妈，潮童，这些流行词汇，所有的这些节目反应家长在平衡家庭与事业之间的矛盾，故作者的态度是很担忧的，所以选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

Imagine a cat that does not need someone to clean up after it keeps an older person company and helps them remember to take their medicine. That is the shared dream of the toy maker Hasbro and scientists at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. The researchers received a

$ 3-million-dollar award from the National Science Foundation for a special project. They want to find ways to add artificial intelligence, or A.I., to Hasbro's “Joy for All” robotic

The cat has already been for sale for two years. Though priced over 1000 dollars, it sold quite well. It was meant to act as a “companion” for older people. Now the project is aime d at developing additional abilities for the cat. Researchers at Brown's Humanity-Centered Robotics Initiative are working to decide which activities older adults may need the most. They hope to make the cat perform a small number of activities very well. Such activities include finding lost objects and reminding the person to take medicine or visit their doctor. They also want to keep the cost down to just a few hundred dollars.

It is an idea that has appealed to Jeanne Elliott. Her 93-year-old mother Mary Derr lives with her in South Kingstown. Derr has dementia (痴呆). The Joy for All cat that Elliott bought this year has become a true companion for Derr. The cat stays with Derr and keeps her calm while Elliott is at work. Elliott said a robotic cat that helps her mother to remember to take her medicine and be careful when she walks would be greater.

The researchers are trying to learn how the improved cats will complete helpful activities and how they will communicate. They say that they do not want a talking cat, however. Instead they are trying to design a cat that can move its head in a special way to successfully communicate its message. In the end, they hope to create an exchange between the human and the cat in which the human feels the cat needs them. By doing so, the researchers hope they can even help prevent feelings of loneliness and sadness among elderly people.

（1）What's the purpose of the project?

A. To relieve the pain of the elderly.

B. To promote the sales of a medicine.

C. To invent a robotic cat for the elderly.

D. To help make the robotic cat smarter.

（2）Compared with the old model, the new robotic cat will be

A. smaller

B. cheaper

C. more talkative

D. more expensive

（3）What does Paragraph 3 intend to tell us?

A. The cat gives much help to the elderly.

B. The more functions of the cat, the better.

C. There is no cure for dementia at present.

D. Mary Derr would have died without the cat.（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. A talking cat is quite popular among the elderly.

B. Feelings of sadness among the elderly are unavoidable.

C. Each family can afford such a cat in the future.

D. The feeling of being needed is vital to the elderly.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，主要介绍新型的人工智能机器猫。机器猫会给老年人更多的帮助，同时机器猫也离不开他们。被需要的感觉是至关重要的。他们甚至可以帮助防止老年人的孤独和悲伤情绪。

(1)目的意图题。根据第一段第一句Imagine a cat that does not need someone to clean up

after it keeps an older person company and help them remember to take their medicine.项目的目地是帮助机器猫更聪明。故答案选D。

(2)推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句They also want to keep the cost down to just a few hundred dollars.可知，与旧模型相比新的机器猫更便宜。故答案选B。

(3)段落大意题。根据第三段最后一句Elliott said a robotic cat that helps her mother to remember to take her medicine and be careful when she walks would be greater.可知，机器猫会给老年人更多的帮助。故答案选A。

(4)推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句In the end, they hope to create an exchange between the human and the cat in which the human feels the cat needs them. By doing so, the researchers hope they can even help prevent feelings of loneliness and sadness among elderly people.可知，被需要的感觉是至关重要的。故答案选D。

【点评】推论性考察题一般包括事实推断、指代推断、逻辑推断和对作者意图与观点的推断。常见的提问方式有：①The writer believes tha t ＿＿＿＿.②From this passage we can guess ＿＿＿＿.③The write suggests that ＿＿＿＿。除了一般的事实题可直接从文中找出答案外，其他诸如对条件变化、因果关系以及作者意图等较为深层的逻辑推断题，则必须要建立在对全文的理解基础上，通过文章所提供的线索，加以综合分析，才能做出正确的推断。

11．阅读理解

Passing through the Atlanta airport one morning, I caught one of those trains that take travelers from the main terminal to their boarding gates. Free, and impersonal, the trains run back and forth all day long. Not many people consider them fun, but on this Saturday I heard laughter. At the front of the first car – looking out the window at the track that lay ahead – were a man and his son.

We had just stopped to let off passengers, and the doors were closing again. "Here we go! Hold on to me tight!" the father said. The boy, about five years old, made sounds of sheer delight.

I know we're supposed to avoid making racial distinctions(种族歧视) these days, so I hope no one will mind if I mention that most people on the train were white, dressed for business trips or vacations.

As I got off, I remembered something I'd wanted to buy in the terminal. I was early for my flight, so I decided to go back.

I did – and just as I was about to reboard the train for my gate, I saw that the man and his son had returned too. I realized then that they hadn't been heading for a flight, but had just been riding the shuttle.

"I want to ride some more!"

"More?" the father said, mock-exasperated(嗔怪模仿) but clearly pleased. "You're not tired?" "This is fun!" his son said.

"All right," the father replied, and when a door opened we all got on.

There are parents who can afford to send their children to Europe or Disneyland, but the children turn out rotten. There are parents who live in million-dollar houses and give their

children cars and swimming pools, yet something goes wrong. Rich and poor, black and white, so much goes wrong so often.

"Where are all these people going, Daddy?" the son asked.

"All over the world," came the reply. The other people in the airport were leaving for distant destinations or arriving at the ends of their journeys. The father and son, though, were just riding this shuttle together, making it exciting, sharing each other's company.

（1）Why did the father take his son to ride the train?

A. To take the flight.

B. To receive someone.

C. To accompany and have fun.

D. To buy something in the terminal.

（2）It can be inferred from the text that________.

A. The father and son were black, dressed in inexpensive clothes.

B. Every Child from rich family is not as happy as this little black boy.

C. Parents always offer everything for their children to make them better.

D. The shuttle is running all day long and free of charge to every passenger.

（3）Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. Free Shuttle for the Passengers

B. Happy Boy with Father's Company

C. Rich Family without Happy Children

D. Moved by the Funny Father and Son

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者从自己的视角看父子俩的关系。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Not many people consider them fun, but on this Saturday I heard laughter. At the front of the first car – looking out the window at the track that lay ahead –were a man and his son.”和最后一段中的“ The father and son, though, were just riding this shuttle toge ther, making it exciting, sharing each other's company.”可知父子俩乘车是相互陪伴的一次愉快的经历。故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“I know we're supposed to avoid making racial distinctions(种族歧视) these days, so I hope no one will mind if I mention that most people on the train were white, dressed for business trips or vacations.”可知父子俩是不富裕的黑人。故选A。

（3）考查主旨大意。全文虽是作者的视角在看父子俩的关系，但全文的主人公却是父子俩，因此文章以父子为标题更合适。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

12．阅读理解

It is that time of year when people need to lock their cars. It's not because there are a lot of criminals running around stealing cars. Rather, it's because of the good-hearted neighbors who want to share their harvest. Especially with this year's large crop, leaving a car unlocked in my

neighborhood is an invitation for someone to stuff it full of zucchini（西葫芦）.

My sister-in-law, Sharon, recently had a good year for tomatoes. She and her family had eaten and canned so many that they began to feel their skin turn slightly red. That's when she decided it was time to share her blessings. She started calling everyone she knew. When that failed, she began to ask everyone in the neighborhood like a politician, eventually finding a neighbor delighted to have the tomatoes. "Feel free to take whatever you want," Sharon told her. She felt happy that she could help someone and that the food didn't go to waste.

A few days later, Sharon answered the door. There was the neighbor, holding some bread. The neighbor smiled pleasantly, "I want to thank you for all of the tomatoes, and I have to admit that I took a few other things and hope you wouldn't mind."

Sharon couldn't think of anything else in her garden that had been worth harvesting and said no. "Oh, but you did," the neighbor said. "You had some of the prettiest zucchini I've ever seen." Sharon was confused. Zucchini in her garden? They hadn't even plated any zucchini. But her neighbor insisted that there really were bright-green zucchini in her garden. The two of them walked together into the backyard. When the neighbor pointed at the long green vegetables, Sharon smiled, "Well, actually, those are cucumbers that we never harvested, because they got too big, soft and bitter for eating or canning."

The neighbor looked at Sharon, shock written all over her face. Then she smiled, and held out the bread that she had shared all over the neighborhood, "I brought you a loaf of cucumber bread. I hope you like it."

（1）Why does the author suggest that people in the neighborhood should lock their cars?

A. They might be stolen by thieves.

B. They night be moved away by the police.

C. Their neighbors might fill them with their harvest.

D. Their neighbors might throw rubbish in them.

（2）What does the underlined word "blessings" in the second paragraph mean?

A. tomatoes.

B. belongings.

C. helpful things.

D. best wishes.

（3）What did the neighbor do in Sharon's garden?

A. She harvest tomatoes only.

B. She harvested zucchini by accident.

C. She took some cucumbers mistakenly.

D. She stole something without Sharon's permission.

（4）We can infer from the article that the neighbors bread would taste ________.

A. bitter but tasty

B. strange and bitter

C. hard and sour

D. soft and sweet.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者的妯娌邀请一位邻居去她家菜园里随便采摘西红柿和其他喜欢的蔬菜，而邻居在菜园里却错误地把老黄瓜当作了西葫芦，并且她用这个材料做成了面包拿来和邻居一块分享。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Rather, it's because of the good-hearted neighbors who want to share their harvest. Especially with this year's large crop, leaving a car unlocked in my

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