机械毕业设计英文外文翻译272金属切削

金属切削

磨削、钻削、镗削和齿轮滚洗法

机床生产厂家一直在为顾客寻找更快、更高效的切削时期、更快的工作速度、更低的循环次数、以及增加金属切削精度的方法。机床生产者花了许多他们的费用在高速加工设备上去提高他们的生产效益，比如在IMTS 2000上你将会看到最新的磨削、钻削、樘削和齿轮滚洗方法。

更快、更可靠的心轴和和提高机床的控制是提高加工产量和生产力的主要因素。“更快的心轴，提高生产力，是在一个坚果壳里”Chris Hetzer说，Hrafton,WI工程部代理总工程师，也就是说未来将出现新的心轴并且在IMTS上会有多轴。

Hetzer说：“你不得不正确的去做心轴的设计，并且心轴不仅要在高速下操作，而且它也要具备能够随着生产的要求增加速度的特性，这也意味着动态的心轴要能确保能在不同的速度、不同的载荷，不同的刀具下能正常工作；这样，心轴不得不具备一定的硬度，同时他也要具备一定的韧性以便他能够经得起摩擦、不同程度的撞击，包括刀具”

一个可调心轴所能套的齿轮内孔直径范围比较大，即一个“可调心轴”能适用于多个内孔直径不同的齿轮，代替多根普通心轴，能减少心轴的磨损，所需心轴长度相对比较短，省材。心轴属于斜楔夹紧装置，用于机械加工中的产品检测作辅助装置，主要作为齿轮测量时的支承件。一套“可调径心轴”可代替多跟规格不同的现有“普通心轴”的作用，所以“可调径心轴”比现有的“普通心轴”更有使用价值和市场价值。

Hetzer记录，Gilman 的心轴设计需要用FEA确保单元与单元之间的粘合力，其实这是生产一个快速运转心轴过程中的一小部分，我们真正想要寻找这些高速的心轴就是在整个生产过程中它的稳定性，比如说，一个170mm的心轴在30KW的情况下，它的转速是24000rpm，我们的顾客

想要他们的第一个心轴是这样，第二个是这样，第三个是这样，第四个也是这样……

Hetzer说，真正要确保每个单元之间的粘合力是非常困难的，它需要广大的FEA分析，这就包括了许多东西，例如生产公差、轴承质量，但是剩下的是你的设计和分析。

“用户在生产环境中用这种高速旋转的心轴去操纵一个机器，他们想要持续的工作，但是如果心轴达不到这种要求”，Hetzer说，“人们将会把它报废掉—这是典型的在高速旋转机器上可能发生的事情，这时这个心轴将要被换掉，但是如果被换上来的那个心轴和原来的那个心轴没有同样的切削特性，顾客们将不得不花许多的时间、许多的金钱去让这台机器像原来一样运转。”

在IMTS中， Gilman将介绍他的15000转/分钟，高速的带驱动的心轴，这种装置主要呈现一根尼龙带和一个交叉的齿状构造。Gilman也将介绍一个新的揉性的生产空间，这个系统是重新建造的3轴空间，X-Y-Z 模块出现在40034003400工作空间内。多轴模块能够使用带驱动的心轴，然而这种心轴使用了Gilman ’Swedish 的母公司SKF生产的陶瓷圆柱滚筒轴承，Hetzer说它的主要特点是心轴能够忍受由高速旋转产生能量而带动心轴的自由运动。

Hurco新的VMCS提供了标准的10000转/分钟的心轴，但是它也可以通过轴系转变为30000转/分钟，这样就形成了很高的在X和Y轴方向的横向速度30米/分钟，当被配置Hurco提高的UltiPro Ш在持续5.1—6.4米/分钟的进给过程中精度和表面粗糙度不受影响的高速运动控制软件，那么这个单元将会胜过3—D周线工作法。

在磨削设备中，许多的拥护对加快磨削速度有一种特别的期待，现在最新的碳化物工具正在帮助解决这个问题，“更快的速度，更快的吞

吐量，更快的循环次数是每一个人都期待的”磨削执行副总裁Jon Wolf 和机器工具制造商Sugino Corp,说“提高磨削速读的关键是提高磨床的进给量，例如，在3轴的磨床加工中，它第一提供最小的循环次数（36—51米/分钟），但是你这必须有相应的进给量，它可以是8米/分钟，可以是20—23米/分钟。

“技术在不断的变化中，碳化物公司正在制造更好的工具，能够忍受更高的进给量和更快速度的碳化物”Wolf追加道“刀具的尺寸也是边得越来越多样化，有很多的技术在刀具尺寸上，，它可以让你工作更快，散热更快”。增加刀具的寿命是每一个碳化物公司都寻找的，它会使机器具有更高，更快的进给量和加工速度。我们机器工具公司总是在刀具曲线研究技术的后面，因为我们总是想要跟上机加工，机加工人们引导着这个工业。

速度和精度是金属加工过程中两个关键的因素，但是在孔的加工过程中，快速的心轴旋转速度并不意味着高效的切削速度，Zagar 副总裁Randy Toberts提出了证明，用他的多轴钻头或齿轮箱，Zagar Inc主张同时对一组孔进行高速加工，而不是一次只加工一个孔。

“我们现在会看到Cpk率和1.33—2.0的Ppk率，这些参数对于产品的使用者来说是非常重要的，比如一个OEM或者一个自动控制室”Roberts说，“例如对于一两车来说GM 可能需要一个轮子控制中心，然而轮子控制中心有5~6个要钻的孔并且是沉头孔，他们中的每一个都必须保持1.67Cpk，每一个孔的公差要求都非常高，位置要求也是很高。”

“不管是摸削还是钻削，高速旋转对不同的人来讲都意味着不同的事情。”Roberts说，“在一般情况下，高速就会对旋转速度有影响，例如在传统的加工一个孔的情况下”如果你在一个加工中心或者是一个单个心轴的机器想进行多孔的加工，显然一个单个的心轴一次只能加工一

个孔。对于你加工得有多快是没有关系的，如过你加工一个孔需要5秒钟，加工两个孔将花你10秒的时间，但是还要加上机器从第一个孔移到第二个孔的时间。

在齿轮的加工设备IMTS中, 在国家的讨论和机械中心,将展示最新版本的垂直滚动架形成的机器.Wagner说, “不是传统的能够滚动零件在传统的水压和速度下,我们现在能够利用最新的CNC技术去驱动滑块,并且它能让顾客变化速度就象他们变换他们的零件一样,最关键的事情是零件和刀具寿命增加了”

国家讨论的PFM/NC是在已经被卖了30年的垂直机器上指甲滚动成型机和CNC控制,因为给机器在一个垂直的平面上滚动,它形成了一个重要的轨迹,Wagner说,它是朝着全球的制造业发展并且优化了工厂的空间.

PFM滚动机器用了少于机器百分之66的空量和能量,并且它的质量非常好”

下面的产品是你在IMTS中进行金属加工和齿轮成型的产品

热量补偿

心轴可以根据速度的范围自我调整去维持优化的载荷,一个震动膜耦合从心轴的动力源隔离了摇摆和热量从而保证了精度,被控制温度的液体从主要的机器部件循环去使能量达到最小的散失,为了确保精确的爪盘位置,这个机器用了一个严密的联合的夹具系统,它的移动范围是12003100031100mm并且载荷限度是2500㎏，心轴的最大转速是 6000转/每分。

六轴磨床

公司为促进高速磨床在CAD/CAM系统中的发展将展示六轴磨床的设

计。HSC 模型的第六个轴被使用达成一特殊化的用两个内部连续机制磨头旋转的轴和一个连续的机制旋转台。其基本单位是轴进给装置，长为55英寸（1.4m）、宽23.6英寸（0.6m）、高19.7英寸（0.5m）和一个2m30.6m的工作台一起配置。此机床的主要性能特征是：主轴转速为16000r/min、心轴功率为26Kw,和一个CNC控制，瞬时的进给速率可以达到28m/min。美国Parpas公司。

卧式磨床

卧式CNC数控磨床能测量被加工零件的尺寸。MB1830型卧式磨床装有两个操作控制系统：一个是装有4GB的硬盘、4 MB的随机存储器、14英寸的彩显监视器和会话程序；另一个是以基代码控制的操作系统。此磨床的主要性能特征有：有一个254㎜31370㎜的工作台，能承受545㎏的工件，在X、Y坐标上的行程速度是7.6m/min，当进给速率达到2.4m/min～3.8m/min时，马达需要2.2～3.7KW的功率，心轴像三轴装置一样能补偿马达间接变速，能周期地为机床工作提供正确的力量和加速度，计数，电子显示图像，实现高精密磨削。心轴特征包括径向行程127㎜，心轴能接触到工作台， NST40/NST30/ R8 逐渐变小, 而且速度达到5000 转/ 每分。

重型滚齿刀磨削

1200型齿轮滚铣机，其渐开线滚齿法对 X 和 Z 轴的新技术已突破传统的铸件和203㎜X254㎜的加工范围的能力，一个新的滚齿刀头"(203 X 254 毫米) 滚齿刀，以最新的电子技术为特色，这一种被再制造的产品能够以各种不同周期切断，能够容易地实现与智能软件一起规划和1060型控制所有的这部公司的滚齿刀齿轮机器上的标准。1060型 CNC 控制在下列的五个轴上的坐标系运动。 B 轴控制滚齿刀转速；C 轴控制工

件转速； X 轴控制中心距；在进给中， Z 轴控制行程位置；Y 轴控制切线的进给/ 滚齿刀变化。

科赫工作母机 Co

耐用镗削、磨削

平卧式CNC 和铣床能很好地适合于极大的工件加工。样板机NB-130 PE3.5型，这一部机器的主要性能特征：有一个1.6m32.2m和能承受9900㎏工件的旋转工作台。标准的控制是由于 137 X 98 X 63 五个轴的机制Fanuc 16 M CNC"(3.5 X 2.5 X 1.6 m)在 X- Y- Z 的轴中; 一个0.7m 的W轴；除之外而且还有一个使用90°旋转且水平的定位精度能达到0.001°的B。一、三象限内，26.1千瓦的马达传递给- ft 3787 N2m转力矩，以达到 2500转/ 每分的速度。

Mitsui 机器技术

精密磨床

一个新型的连续磨削机床，这种机床有利于零件产品的加工。其中包括曲柄摇杆机构和曲柄滑块机构磨床。联合机床或是光学定位磨床的结构和精密工具在深度 30㎜深度传递的精确度为±5μ。在2503250 毫米工作台面上，可以进行磨削的范围为 25 到 75 毫米。在没有改变和重新装夹的情况下，系统可以对不同的零件进行加工磨削和孔的加工。这种设备用于自动传动装置并很可能用于精密设备的加工，而且可能地对于建筑仪器，例如重型柴油机、坦克、航天飞机和原子技术的精密磨削和孔加工。

小羊机制系统

切削加工

一种重型电子的变数、速度可变的铣削。其主轴的转速为6000转/ 每分，切削机器的工作台尺寸为0.3 m X 1.3 m，电动机的功率为3.7千瓦。用于铣削箱型零件的燕尾槽，阻止面翻转和保证精度，它可以代替以前的立式磨床，适用于大型商店、制造设备，发电厂，政府机关，学校和原型商店用。这种设备包括一次加工高564㎜，宽106㎜、长838㎜的零件。

南部弯曲车床

深处钻削

使垂直主轴的机器以高速的钻深洞。Microdrill机器能同样地钻好直径在0.762 毫米以下，深度为356毫米。主轴转速达到25000转/ 每分，渗透率高达508 毫米。机器的垂直设计加工1.1 X 1.2 m的地面空间。以达到四件主轴指定，由 CNC 技术监听速度，控制冷却剂，系统能测量出在深孔处工具上的最小一个迟钝的钻孔机点。主要设计特征包括主轴的加工范围，能够加工工作台上工件适应角度的尖锐孔。陶瓷钻头装配在钻孔机上，机器内装有511.7-L型冷冻剂系统。

Metal Cutting

Grinding, drilling, boring and gear roller washing method

Machine tool manufacturers have been looking for customers faster, more efficient cutting period, the faster speed, lower cycle times and increase the accuracy of metal-cutting approach. Machine tool producers to spend a lot of their costs go up in the high-speed processing equipment to improve their production efficiency, such as in the IMTS 2000, you will see the latest grinding, drilling, cutting and gear roller washing method.

Faster, more reliable and improve the spindle and machine tool control is to improve the processing yield and productivity of the main factors. "Spindle faster, increasing productivity in a nut shell in" Chris Hetzer said, Hrafton, WI Division Deputy Chief Engineer, that is to say the future will be the emergence of new spindle and there will be a multi-axis IMTS.

Hetzer said: "You do have to correct the design of spindle and spindle not only in high-speed operation, and it also has to increase with the rate of production characteristics, this also means that the dynamics of spindle to be able to ensure that the different speeds, different loads and different tool to work under; This spindle had to have a certain degree of hardness, at the same time, he must also possess a certain degree of toughness so that he can stand up to friction, to varying degrees impact, including the tool "

An adjustable spindle of the gear can be set within the scope of relatively large diameter, that is, a "adjustable spindle" can be applied in a variety of different hole diameter gear, instead of an ordinary multi-spindle, spindle to reduce wear and tear required spindle length is relatively short, the provincial timber. Wedge spindle clamping devices are used for machining of products as an aid to detection devices, used primarily as a measure of support gear pieces. A set of "adjustable diameter spindle" can be replaced by a different and more with the specifications of the existing "common spindle" role, it is "adjustable mandrel diameter" than the existing "common spindle" use value and market value of more .

Hetzer Records, Gilman spindle design of the need to use FEA to ensure that the units and the bonding between units, and in fact this is a fast-running production in the process of spindle a small part, we really want to find these high-speed spindle is in the the production process of its stability, for example, a 170mm spindle in the case of 30KW, its speed is 24000rpm, our customers want their first spindle that is the case, the second is the case, the third is this the fourth the same way ... ...

Hetzer said the real intention is to ensure that the bonding between each unit is very difficult to force, it requires that the analysis of the FEA, which includes many things, such as manufacturing tolerances, bearing quality, but the rest of your design and analysis .

"Users in a production environment with such high-speed rotating spindle to control a machine, they want to continue to work, but if spindle not such a request", Hetzer said, "people will be scrapping it out -- This is typical in high-speed rotary machine may be what is happening, when the spindle to be replaced, but if that were put to the original spindle and spindle that do not have the same cutting characteristics, customers will have to spent a lot of time, a lot of money to let the machine running the same as the original. "

In the IMTS in, Gilman will present his 15,000 rev / minute with high-speed spindle drive, the device has a major nylon belt and a cross-cutting structure of the dentate. Gilman also will introduce a new production space of kneading, the system is re-constructed 3-axis space, XYZ module appears in the 400 × 400 × 400 work spaces. Modules to use with multi-axis drive-axis of the heart, but the use of spindle Gilman 'Swedish production of the parent company of SKF cylindrical roller bearings ceramic, Hetzer said the main characteristics of the spindle can not tolerate the energy generated by the high-speed rotation and drive spindle of the Freedom Movement.

Hurco provided VMCS new standards 10000 rev / min spindle of, but it can also be changed through the shaft of 30,000 rev / min, so that the formation of a high X and Y axis in the direction of the horizontal speed of 30 m / min , when the Hurco is configured to increase the UltiPro Ш sustained 5.1-6.4 m / minute to process into the accuracy and surface roughness is not affected high-speed motion control software, this unit will be better than the 3-D line work week law .

In the grinding equipment, a lot of support to speed up the grinding speed on a special look, and now the latest carbide tools are helping to

solve this problem, "faster, faster throughput, faster cycle times is everyone looks forward to the "grinding Jon Wolf, executive vice president of tools and machinery manufacturers Sugino Corp, said," to improve grinding speed-reading the key is to improve the feed grinder, for example, in the 3-axis grinding machine, it the first cycles to provide the smallest (36-51 m / min), but you must have a corresponding feed rate, it can be 8 m / min, it can be 20-23 m / min.

"Technology changes constantly, the carbide is the creation of a better tool that can tolerate a higher feed rate and faster speed carbide" Wolf added Road "is the size of the tool edge are becoming more and more diversified, There are a lot of technology in the tool size, it can let you work faster, faster heat dissipation. " Increase in tool life of carbide for each company are looking for, it will make the machine a higher, faster feed rate and processing speed. Machine tool company, we always research techniques in the tool behind the curve, because we always want to keep up with the machine processing, machining and guide people to this industry.

Speed and accuracy of processing metal two key factors, but in the process of hole machining, rapid rate of spindle rotation speed does not mean that the efficient, Zagar, vice president Randy Toberts has proved that with his multi - drill shaft or gearbox, Zagar Inc advocate hole at the same time a group of high-speed processing, and not only the processing time of a hole.

"Now we see that the rate of Cpk and Ppk rate of 1.33-2.0, the product of these parameters is very important to users, such as an OEM or an automatic control room" Roberts said, "For example, 12 cars GM may need a wheel control center, control center, however the wheels are 5 to 6 months to drill the hole and head holes, each of them must be maintained 1.67Cpk, each hole has a very high tolerance requirements, location requirements is very high. "

"Whether it is cutting or drilling touch, high-speed rotation of the different people in terms of both mean different things." Roberts said, "Under normal circumstances, the speed will affect the speed of rotation, for example, in the traditional processing of a hole the case of "If you, or in a machining center is a single spindle machine would like to carry out the processing of porous, apparently of a single spindle can only be processed once a hole. For how fast you process is not related to processing such as a hole you need to 5 seconds, and processing the two

holes will cost you 10 seconds of the time, but would also like to add the machine from the first hole to the second hole time.

Processing equipment in the gear IMTS, in the national discussion and mechanical centers, will showcase the latest version of the vertical plane formed by the rolling machine. Wagner said, "is not a traditional scroll parts to the traditional pressure and speed, we are now able to using the latest CNC technology to drive the slider, and it can change the speed of customers as they transform their parts, the most important thing is to spare parts and tool life has increased, "

Countries to discuss the PFM / NC that has been sold in 30-year vertical rolling machine nail machine and CNC control, because the machine in a plane perpendicular to the rolling, it formed an important track, Wagner said, it is toward the development of the manufacturing industry and the global optimization of the factory space.

PFM machine rolling machine to use 66 percent less than the amount of space and energy, and the quality of it very good "

The following products are you IMTS in metalworking and gear molding products

Heat compensation

Spindle speed based on the scope of self-adjustment to optimize the load to maintain a membrane coupling vibration spindle from the power source and heat isolation of the rock in order to ensure the accuracy of the liquid temperature was controlled from the main components of the machine so the energy cycle to achieve the smallest loss, in order to ensure precise location of claw plate, this machine used a tight joint fixture system, which is the movement of the scope of 1200 × 1000 × 1100mm and load limit is 2,500 kg, the maximum spindle speed is 6000 rev / every minute.

Six-axis grinding machine

For the promotion of high-speed grinding machine in the CAD / CAM system will showcase the development of the design of six-axis grinding machine. HSC sixth axis model is used to reach a specialized mechanism for two internal grinding head rotation axis and a mechanism for continuous turntable. The basic unit is the axis feed device, a length of 55 inches (1.4m), width 23.6 inches (0.6m), a high 19.7 inches (0.5m) and a 2m × 0.6m with the configuration of the table. This machine's main performance characteristics are: spindle speed for 16000r/min, spindle power of 26Kw, and a CNC control, instantaneous feed rate can reach

28m/min. U.S. companies Parpas.

Horizontal Grinder

CNC Horizontal CNC grinding machine to measure the size of parts to be machined. Horizontal Grinder MB1830 with operational control of two systems: one is equipped with a 4GB hard drive, 4 MB of random access memory, 14-inch Color Monitor and session procedures; another is controlled by the operating system code base. This machine's main performance characteristics are: a 254 mm × 1370 mm of the table, can withstand 545 kg of the workpiece in the X, Y coordinates of the trip speed is 7.6m/min, when the feed rate to achieve 2.4m/min ~ 3.8m/min, the motor needs 2.2 ~ 3.7KW of power, three-axis spindle as the same device can be indirect compensation motor speed, the cycle for the machine tool can provide the correct power and acceleration, counting, electronic display image, to achieve high Precision Grinding. Spindle radial itinerary features include 127 mm, spindle access to workstations, NST40/NST30 / R8 gradually become smaller, and the speed of 5,000 rev / minute.

Knight Machines.

Heavy rolling cutter grinding

1200 rolling gear milling machine, the gear hobbing on X and Z axis of the new technology has broken through the traditional casting X254 mm and 203 mm range of processing capabilities, a new Hobbing Cutter "(203 X 254 mm) cutter roll to the latest electronic technology to the characteristics of such a re-manufactured products have been able to cut a variety of different cycles can be easier to achieve, together with intelligent software-based planning and control of all of 1060 this company's roll gear cutter machine standards. 1060-based CNC control in the following five-axis movement of the coordinate system. B-axis speed control roller cutter; C-axis speed control of the workpiece; X-axis away from the control center; of the feed, Z axis position control visit; Y-axis control feed tangent / roller cutter changes.

Koch Machine Tools Co

Durable boring, grinding

Flat and horizontal CNC milling machine is well suited for processing workpieces great. Model NB-130 PE3.5 aircraft type, the machine's main performance characteristics: there is a 1.6m × 2.2m and can withstand 9900 ㎏workpiece rotary table. Control standards as a result of 137 X 98 X 63 of the mechanism of five-axis Fanuc 16 M CNC "(3.5 X 2.5 X 1.6

m) in the X-Y-Z axes in; the W-axis of a 0.7m; In addition to outside but also there is a 90 °rotation and the use of the level of positioning accuracy of 0.001 °to achieve B. a three quadrant, 26.1 kilowatts delivered to the motor - ft 3787 N m torque to achieve the 2500 turn / minute speed.

Mitsui Machine Technology

Precision Grinder

For a new grinding machine, the machine parts in favor of products. Crank-rocker mechanism including the slider-crank mechanism and grinder. Joint machine or optical positioning precision grinding machine tool structure and the depth of 30 mm depth in the transmission accuracy of ± 5μ. 250 × 250 mm in the work of the table, the scope of grinding can be carried out for 25-75 mm. In the absence of change and re-clamping, the system can be of different grinding and processing parts of the processing hole. Such equipment for automatic transmission and is likely to precision equipment for the processing, but also to the construction equipment, such as heavy-duty diesel engines, tanks, space shuttle and atomic technology, Precision Grinding and Drilling.

Lamb mechanism system

Cutting

A heavy-duty electronic variable speed milling variable. The spindle speed to 6000 rev / minute, cutting machine table size of 0.3 m X 1.3 m, the motor power of 3.7 kilowatts. Parts for the milling of the swallowtail box slot, to prevent surface inversion and to ensure accuracy, it can replace the previous vertical grinder, for large stores, manufacturing facilities, power plants, government agencies, schools and shops with a prototype. This device includes a processing of high 564 mm, width 106 mm, 838 mm long parts.

South bend lathe

Deep drilling

So that the vertical axis of the machine to high-speed deep hole drilling. Similarly Microdrill drilling machine can be well below 0.762 millimeters in diameter, a depth of 356 millimeters. Spindle speed reached 25,000 rev / minute and permeability up to 508 millimeters. The vertical design of the machine processing the 1.1 X 1.2 m floor space. In order to achieve four main designated by the CNC technology to monitor speed, coolant control, the system can be measured in deep-hole tool on the Department a minimum of a dull drill point. The main design

features include the scope of the main axis of the processing that can adapt to processing the workpiece table sharp angle hole. Ceramics in the drill bit assembly, the machine contains 511.7-L-type refrigerant system.

毕业设计外文翻译资料

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外文资料原文 Software Development Concepts and Design Methodologies During the 1960s, ma inframes and higher level programming languages were applied to man y problems including human resource s yste ms,reservation s yste ms, and manufacturing s yste ms. Computers and software were seen as the cure all for man y bu siness issues were some times applied blindly. S yste ms sometimes failed to solve the problem for which the y were designed for man y reasons including: ?Inability to sufficiently understand complex problems ?Not sufficiently taking into account end-u ser needs, the organizational environ ment, and performance tradeoffs ?Inability to accurately estimate development time and operational costs ?Lack of framework for consistent and regular customer communications At this time, the concept of structured programming, top-down design, stepwise refinement，and modularity e merged. Structured programming is still the most dominant approach to software engineering and is still evo lving. These failures led to the concept of "software engineering" based upon the idea that an engineering-like discipl ine could be applied to software design and develop ment. Software design is a process where the software designer applies techniques and principles to produce a conceptual model that de scribes and defines a solution to a problem. In the beginning, this des ign process has not been well structured and the model does not alwa ys accurately represent the problem of software development. However,design methodologies have been evolving to accommo date changes in technolog y coupled with our increased understanding of development processes. Whereas early desig n methods addressed specific aspects of the

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机械毕业设计英文外文翻译204机电一体化

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外文资料名称： Design and performance evaluation of vacuum cleaners using cyclone technology 外文资料出处：Korean J. Chem. Eng., 23(6), (用外文写) 925-930 (2006) 附件： 1.外文资料翻译译文 2.外文原文

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