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2013八年级上册unit1

2013八年级上册unit1
2013八年级上册unit1

八年级上册英语第一单元周末班教案

重点语法归纳:

复习一般过去时态和动词的过去式变化:

(一)过去时态的时间状语:

1.yesterday及其构成的短语yesterday morning/afternoon等。

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/024197388.html,st +表示时间的名词, 时间段+ ago。例如:last year, last night, three days ago等。

3.in/on+表示过去的时间。如:in 1991, on the morning of last Sunday等。

4.根据句意判断事情发生在过去,以及写日记,游记等回忆以前发生的事情时,也用过去时态。(二)动词过去式的变化规律:

(1)直接在动词之后加ed或加d。(这一类动词占大多数)

(2)以辅音字母+y结束的动词,变y为i+ed studied

(3)以元音字母+y结束的动词,直接+ed stayed

(4)少部分单词双写最后一个字母+ed 例如:stopped, shopped等。

(三)一般过去时态巧记句型:

1.谓语动词是be的情况:

was是am和is的过去式;were是are的过去式,所以be动词的过去式有人称和数的变化。

肯定句:主语+was/were+表语+其他成分。

否定句:主语+was/were+not+表语+其他成分。

一般疑问句:Was/were+主语+表语+其他成分?

肯定回答:Yes, 主语+was/were.

No,主语+wasn’t/weren’t.

特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其他?

2.谓语动词是实义动词的情况:

肯定结构:主语+动词的过去式+其他

否定结构:主语+did not(didn’t)+动词原形+其他

一般疑问句:Did+主语十动词原形+其他?

肯定回答:"Yes,主语+did";否定回答:"No,主语+didn't",

特殊疑问句:“特殊疑问词+did十主语+动词原形十其他?”

例句:They had a good time yesterday evening.他们昨天晚上玩得很开心。

We didn't clean our classroom this afternoon.今天下午我们没有打扫教室。

-Did you clean your bedroom last Sunday?上个星期天你打扫卧室了吗?

-Yes, I did.是的,我打扫了。/No, I didn't.不,我没打扫。

How did kids spend the weekend?孩子们怎样过周末的?

(四)一般现在时与一般过去时的用法区别

1.一般现在时表示现阶段发生的动作或状态,以及永恒不变的事实、真理和自然现象

2.一般过去时表示过去阶段发生的动作或状态或过去经常或反复发生的动作

3.一般现在时常见时间状语有:today, every day, on Sunday, every morning以及often, always, usually,sometimes, once a week等

4.一般过去时常见时间状语有:yesterday...(昨天….. ), last week/year...(上周/去年……),…ago(·一以前),in/on十过去的时间等表示过去的时间

5.一般现在时动词要根据主语的单复数判断用原形还是用第三人称单数。

6.一般过去时没有三单的变化,只有过去式的变化。

【针对性训练】

一、用所给动词的适当形式填空

1. I___________(call) my mother this morning.

2. She watches TV every evening. But she_______________(not watch) TV last night.

3. It was sunny last Sunday. I____________(go) to the beach with my parents.

4. -When________your brother __________(do) his homework?

-He___________(do) it an hour ago.

5. -Why___________(be) the boy late for school this morning?

-Because he___________(have) breakfast late.

6.-What ________ you usually _________(do) in the morning?

-I usually do some reading.

二、句型转换

6. Alice did her homework at home yesterday.(改为否定句)

Alice_________her homework at home yesterday.

7. There was some tea in the cup.(变为一般疑问句)

_________there_________tea in the cup?

8. They went to the beach on vacation.(对画线部分提间)

_________ _________they go on vacation?

9. She stayed there for a month.(对画线部分提问)

__________________________she___________there?

10. He didn't come because he went on vacation.(对画线部分提问)

_________ _________he____________?

11. Miss Smith writes a letter to her boyfriend in her bedroom(用yesterday evening

改写)

Miss Smith___________________to her boyfriend in her room yesterday evening.

三、单项填空

12. -Where________he _________ volleyball last Sunday?

-On the playground.

A do, play B. are, playing C. did, play D. does, play

13. They stopped here because they__________the way to the station.

A didn't know 13. don't know C. will know D aren't know

14. When _______your mother’s birthday?

A.is

B. was

C. did

D. are

15.-__________ her last vacation great?

-Yes, it was.

A.Is

B. Are

C. Were

D. Was

【日记写作】以日记的形式记叙自己的生活故事

1.一般情况下日记需要用过去时来叙述,但是若有议论,评价,感情,写景事,可以变成一般现在时。日记中记叙的故事不宜过多过杂,选取你印象最深刻的一两件事来记叙既可,不能写成流水账。

2.格式:左上角顶格写日期,星期几。也可以卸载第一行偏右位置。

3.日记要用第一人称来写。

4.不要逐字翻译,要根据自己的理解适当变化句型,防止千篇一律,不得高分。

课本解析

一、不定代词的分类

本单元涉及到的不定代词有:

(1)某人,某些人_____________/__________任何人_______/________没有人___________/_________ 所有人__________/___________

(2)某物、某事____________任何东西、任何事____________没有东西、没有事____________

所有东西、所有事情_____________

二、不定代词的用法:

(1)不定代词看成名词单数,作主语时,动词用三单形式。

(2)形容词修饰不定代词时,形容词置后。

( ) 1. I’m hungry. I want ______ to eat.

A. anything

B. something

C. everything

D. nothing

( ) 2. —Do you have ______ to say for yourself?

—No, I have ______ to say.

A. something; everything

B. nothing; something

C. everything; anything

D. anything; nothing

( ) 3. Why not ask ______ to help you?

A. everyone

B. someone

C. anyone

D. none

( ) 4. Everything ______ ready. We can start now.

A. are

B. is

C. be

D. were

( ) 5. There’s ______ with his eyes. He’s OK.

A. anything wrong

B. wrong something

C. nothing wrong

D. wrong nothing

( ) 6. —The story is so amazing! It’s the most interesting story I’ve ever read.

—But I’m afraid it won’t be liked by ______.

A. everybody

B. somebody

C. anybody

D. nobody

( ) 7. She listened carefully, but heard ______.

A. anyone

B. someone

C. everyone

D. nothing

( ) 8. I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______.

A. everything

B. anything

C. something

D. nothing

( )9. Han Meimei, what about ____ to eat?

A.everything B.something C.nothing D.anything

三、反身代词

myself, yourself, himself, herself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves

1.我上周末玩得很高兴。

I ________ ________last weekend.

I ________ ________last weekend.

I ________ ________ ________ _________ last weekend.

2.她靠自己完成了作业。

She finished her homework ________ ________.

3.The skirt is ____ . She made it ____ .

A.hers; herself B.her; herself C.herself; hers D.herself; her

四、词义辨析

few 修饰可数名词几乎没有

a few 修饰可数名词有一定数量

little 修饰不可数名词几乎没有

a little 修饰不可数名词有一定数量

much 修饰不可数名词数量很多

many 修饰可数名词数量很多

a lot of=lots of 即可修饰可数又课修饰不可数数量很多

some 即可修饰可数又课修饰不可数,用于肯定句一些

any 即可修饰可数又课修饰不可数,用于否定句一些

具体用法:

1. quite a few相当多的

2. a little =kind of 有点儿,些许

3. too many, too much和much too的辨析

_____________________________________________________________________________________.

4.表示请求语气时,some不变any.

练习:

1. He can't hear you, because there is ____ noise here

A.very much B.too much C.much too D.so many

2. There isn't ____ water in the cup.

A.any B.many C.some D.the

3. ----Look! We have ____ sugar.

----Really? Let's go and buy some.

A.few B.a few C.little D.a little

4. ----“There isn't ____ water here. Could you get ____ for me?”

----“All right.”

A.some; some B.any; any C.some; any D.any; some

5. Today, ____ trees are still being cut down somewhere in the world.

A.much too B.too much C.many too D.too many

6. There is ____ water here; but there are quite ____ empty glasses.

A.little; a few B.few; little C.few; a few D.little; a little

7.There are many ________ of animals in the world. I think pandas are _________ of cute.(kind)

8.The math problem is ____________difficult.(too much, much too)

五、系动词,常跟形容词,有时也跟ing形式。

1.感官动词:sound, taste, look, seem, smell, feel

2.be动词

3.其他常见系动词go, get, turn, become, keep, stay

感官动词与be动词练习

I 用 be、taste、seem、look、smell、feel、sound 的适当形式填空。

1. Her face __________ red.

2 You __________ worried.What's wrong?

3 The pie (派)__________ delicious.I want to eat another one.

4 The rose __________ sweet.

5 It __________ strange,but it is true.

6 He __________ to be right.

7 They were tired but __________ happy.

8 She __________ like her mother.

9 The Christmas tree with lights __________ beautiful.

10 The story __________ interesting. II 翻译

1. 你好象匆忙的样子。

2. 为什么他感到悲伤?

3. 整天工作后,汤姆感觉又饿又累

4. 他的答案似乎正确。

5. 那听起来是个好主意。

6. 这汤闻起来很香。

7.我们去游泳吧。

选择题

1. She looks ____.

A. happy

B. to be happy

C. happily

D. that she is happy

2. The table ____ very smooth.

A. look

B. turn

C. feels

D. smell

3. . The flowers ____ fragrant(芳香).

A. get

B. smells

C. smell

D. Feels

4. Her voice ____ like my mother's.

A. sounds

B. sound

C. looks

D. look

5. I ____ busy now, but I ____ free next week.

A. am, am

B. am, will

C. am, will be

D. being, will be

六、seem的用法

含动词seem的常用句型:

(1)主语+seem + (to be)十表语.

__________________________________________________.汤姆看上去是一个非常聪明的男孩。

(2) It seems+that从句.

It seems that he is happy today.今天他似乎很高兴。

I seem to have caught a cold.我好像是感冒T。

(4) It seems that…句型往往可转换为sb seem to do sth.

她似乎喜欢某些漂亮的东西。

__________________________________________________________.

__________________________________________________________.

七、形容词辨析

bored 厌倦的;烦闷的。

I feel bored in math class.上数学课让我觉得无聊。

【知识拓展】

1.以一ed结尾的形容伺作表语时,“人”作主语,表示人的内心感受;

2.以一ing结尾的形容词作表语时,“事物”作主语,形容事物的属性。

英语中与bored, boring有类似用法的词常见的单词有

比较:

I’m interested in interesting people. 我对有趣的人感兴趣。

an excited talk 心情激动的谈话(指“谈话”的人心情激动)

an exciting talk 令人激动的谈话(指听“谈话”的人心情激动)

由于传统的观点说得太绝对,有时做起题来还可能会因此掉入命题人的陷阱,请看下面的题:1. _____ do you think of your English teacher? Is he _______?

What, interesting B. What, interested C. How, interesting D. How, interested

2. As we all know, typing is a ______ job to a ______ heart.

A. tired; tired

B. tired; tiring

C. tiring; tired

D. tiring; tiring

八、提意见和建议的句子

1. Why not do sth=Why don’t you do sth=How/What about doing sth做某事怎么样?

2. You should do sth你应该做某事

九、重点单词或短语用法(一)

1.decide to to sth决定做某事;decide not to do sth决定不做某事

2.try to do sth尽力做某事;try not to do sth尽力不做某事

3. wait for sb/sth等待某人或某物; wait to do sth等待做某事

4. at the top of...强调在顶端,在最上方;on the top of意为:在上面,on强调在一个面上。from the top of...从...的顶端

5.go on vacation去度假

6.feel like给人...的感觉,感觉像是... 后跟句子或名词

7. look like看上去像look at看... look for寻找look after照顾,照料

8.enough的用法:放在名词前,形容词和副词后。

9. build建造-built(过去式)-building(名词,建筑物)

10.different(adj.不同的,反义词是the same)-difference(n.不同之处)-differently(adv.不同地)

随堂练:

I.用所给词的适当形式填空

1. Please try___________(finish) this -work more quickly.

2. This town is famous for its beautiful__________ (build).

3. There are many (different)______________ in the way children and adults think

1.单项填空

4.一Is her lifestyle(生活方式) the same as yours or____________?

一What are the____________?

A. difference, different

B. difference, difference

C. different, differences

D. different, different

5.-Don’t worry. My mother will look after your baby __________

-Thanks a lot.

A. careful enough

B. enough careful

C. carefully enough

D. careless enough

6. ________a teacher, John thinks that his main duty is to help the students to become better learners.

A. As

B. By

C. About

D. For

7. He is lazy. Sometimes I__________I'm living with a stranger.

A. feel like

B. look like

C. look at

D. feel about

8. The old couple lived_the hill. But they don't feel lonely.

A. at the top

B. at the top of

C. on the top of

D. in the top of

9. Hurry her up! We are all_________ her.

A. wait for

B.waiting at

C. waiting for

D. awaiting

十、重点单词和短语用法(二)

1.expensive=dear贵的;反义词cheap便宜的

用法:表示某事贵或便宜时用“物+be+expensive/cheap”或者“The price of 物+be+high/low.”

例句:这些衣服很贵。

__________ __________ ____________ the clothes is __________.

The clothes are _____________.

2.talk to=talk with和某人交谈;talk about谈论,讨论

3.表示到达的几种说法:arrive in/at...=get to=reach

4.in the past在过去,用于一般过去时。

5.enjoy表示喜爱或者欣赏,享受。后跟名词/反身代词/动名词形式。

例如:enjoy doing sth=like doing/to do sth enjoy yourself enjoy apples=like apples

6.rain(v.)下雨,有三单或过去式的变化。rain(n.)不可数名词。rainy(adj.)下雨的,放在be动词之后表示天气状况,可以和raining互换。snow也有相同用法。

具体用法:It rained hard/heavily.雨下地大。

7.人称代词的顺序问题:第二人称、第三人称、第一人称。

8.because of与because的用法:

(1)because of后接名词,代词,动名词。

(2)because 后接句子。

9. the next day是指以过去的某个时间为基点,表达第二天。

10.forget忘记, 反义词是remember

(1)forget to do sth忘记要做某事,说明事情没做;

(2)forget doing sth忘记做了某事,侧重于“事情已做,但是忘了”。

(3)Don’t forget to do sth= Remember to do sth记得去做某事、别忘了做某事11.stop停止,过去式stopped

(1)stop doing停下手头正在做的事情

(2)stop to do停下来去做另一件事

12.find,find out与look for的区别

(1)find___________________________________________________________

(2)find out__________________________________________________

(3)look for___________________________________________________

13.你知道so...that...与so that的区别吗?

(1) so...that..._____________________________________________________

(2) so that ____________________________________________________

(3)so...that...的用法

14.go on表示继续做某事+to do/doing

(1)go on doing表示继续做同一件事

(2)go on to do表示接下来做另一件事

【知识巩固训练】

一、用所给词的适当形式填空

1.There __________(be not) many __________(build) here in the past.

2.It’s raining ____________(hard). However, I still want to go there.

3.That’s all for the test. Now let’s go on ___________(learn) the grammar(语法).

二、单项填空

4.He had to retire(退休)early _______ his poor health.

A.as a result

B. because

C. so

D. because of

5.-Don’t forget ________your history and politics books tomorrow morning.

-Thanks. I won’t.

A. bring B to bring C. bringing D. brings

6.-Look, how beautiful the car is!

A. expensive B high C cheap D low

7. Mr. Wang will arrive in England in two days.(替换画线的短语)

A. put on

B. turn off

C. get to

D. reached

8.________are all good friends. Let's go out to play.

A. I, you and he B He, you and I

C. You, he and I

D. I, he and you

9. My grandma enjoys_in the countryside.

A. lives B to live C live for D. living

10. The new kind of ring is________expensive. I don't have___________money.

A. too much, much too B much too, too much

C. too many, too much

D. much too, much too

11. Since you are tired, you'd better_and have a good rest.

A. stop to study B stop study

C. stop studying

D. stop to study

12.-Jack, could you help me______when the plane will take off on the Internet? -I'm sorry; my computer doesn't work

A. get out

B. look out

C. take out

D. find out

三、句型转换

13. The little boy walked too fast for his parents to catch up with.(同义句转换)The little boy walked________fast that his parents_________catch up with him 14. It rained hard last night.(同义句转换)

It rained ____________ last night.

15.When did you get to Shanghai?(同义句转换)

____________________________________________________?

____________________________________________________?

16.We can’t go out _________ _________ the heavy rain.因为

We can’t go out because it rains ____________.

2013年最新人教版初二英语上册

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