2013.-2014年深圳市高中英语必修四综合测试题(一)

必修四综合测试题

I语言知识及应用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1-15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

An after-school club can benefit your children. It encourages them to make new friends and deal with __l__ environments. It also gives them a chance to get on well with other children who are __2__ in the same things. At Seven Oaks Middle School, Daniela Carrera was searching for a __3__ to join. There was a dance club, an exercise club, and a(n) __4__ club that found creative ways to raise money for other people. Daniela didn't know which to __5__.

Then Daniela’s friend Ciara told her about the action club's new project purpose this year. At first, Daniela was__6__. "Why would people in a nursing home want a video game console (电子游戏控制板)?" she asked Ciara.

"This would be a special kind of console that plays __7__ games. The games help people who need to exercise and move8around but can't get to a gym or exercise outdoors __8__," Ciara replied. And they decided to go to the club meeting the next day.

At the meeting, Mr Washington, the club's advisor, __9__ to Daniela and the others how the health video games help __10__ people to move more. He described how the__11__ can even help distract (使分心) people who suffer from pain. That was all Daniela needed to hear.

After she __12__ to join the club, she asked," How can I help?"

"We're selling raffle (抽彩) tickets. With the money we __13__, we'll buy two video game consoles. We’ll give one to the __14__ of the raffle. We'll give the other console to the nursing home," explained Mr Washington.

"Great! Let's get started. I can't wait to sell some __15__ today!" said Daniela.

l. A. special B. interesting C. new D. old

2. A. delighted B. beneficial C. interested D. friendly

3. A. club B. party C. class D. school

4. A, music B. action C. painting D. health

5. A. choose B. buy C. produce D. sell

6. A. certain B. afraid C. unsure D. careful

7. A. computer B. sports C. online D. adventure

8. A. actively B. safely C. dangerously D. luckily

9. A. explained B. complained C. came D. shouted

10. A. persuade B. permit C. encourage D. suppose

11. A. consoles B. activities C. gyms D. dances

12. A. refused B. waited C. agreed D. forgot

13. A. waste B. spend C. save D. raise

14. A. nurse B. advisor C. loser D. winner

15. A. videos B. projects C. tickets D. raffles

第二节、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

At present, in some primary schools there is a new "rule". If parents pay extra money, their children will be treated as VIPs. Unlike the students__16__ study in the small classrooms __17__( contain) fifty to sixty children, they are taught by the best teachers in big and __18__ (comfort) classrooms with air conditioners and televisions. __19__new "rule" worries a lot of parents because they don't know how to deal with this situation.__20__ they don't pay extra money, they worry whether their children will be looked down on or fall behind. If they do, they think it's another burden for their family.

I think it is unfair to most of the pupils since only a small number of families can afford to send __21__ children to such kind of class. It's__22__ the education law for schools to receive extra fees and treat pupils__23__ (different). At school, pupils should __24__(treat) equally and

then they can live a happy school life. So the government should take some measures to stop this __25__ (behave) as soon as possible.

II阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40.分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Ming was on his way to school one morning, when he stopped to look up at the cloudless blue sky beyond the Bubble(保护罩). it was another beautiful day. Ming took a deep breath. The air smelled fresh and sweet. The bread truck must have just passed by, Ming thought.

Suddenly, Ming noticed something unusual. In a little patch (小块土地) of dirt in the empty field near the store that sold clean water, a small green post came up out of the ground. Ming walked over to it for a closer look. The post was about a foot tall, with four or five green flaps (薄片) hanging on it.

Ming remembered the whole video he had watched in the history class a few weeks earlier. It was called The End of Green. The video explained that things called plants once grew on Earth. The video stated that plants can balance the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the air. Scientists had tried to create new technologies for cleaning the air and turning carbon dioxide into oxygen. All life on the planet had been nearly destroyed! People had built the Bubble to provide a: environment in which everything could survive. This had been a difficult time in human history.

One of the plants in the video was called a tree. It looked just like this post, only thicker and taller. It also had a lot more flaps, which were called leaves, Ming remembered. “It's a baby tree,”Ming whispered, reaching out carefully to touch it. "This is a real, live tree!"

26. When does the story take place?

A. In the distant past.

B. In the recent past.

C. At present.

D. In the future.

27. Where does the story take place?

A. In a town called Green.

B. On a spaceship.

C. In the Bubble.

D. Near a forest.

28. Which of the following is NOT a lesson in the story?

A. Nobody cares about plants.

B. Technology causes and solves problems.

C. Plants, like people, find a way to survive.

D. Human actions have changed Earth forever.

29. The main idea of the passage is that________.

A. science is terrifying

B. nature is valuable

C. humans are creative

D. the sky is beautiful

30. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?

A. New green

B. The end of green

C. New technology

D. On the way to school

B

A smilodon (剑齿虎) was the largest knife-toothed cat. It was a fierce animal about 4-5 feet long and 3 feet tall. It weighed about 200 kg. It was a bit smaller than a modern-day lion, but much heavier. It first appeared about l.6 million years ago. This kind of cat went extinct about 11,000 years ago.

Although the smilodon was also known as a similar tiger in the past, it was not a close relative of the modem tiger. The more scientists study the two big cats, the more differences they find.

Tigers travel by themselves and run fast while running after their prey(猎物). The smilodon, on the other hand, probably lived in packs(群). With a much shorter tail than that of today's tiger, the smilodon did not have the balance to run at top speeds. It probably caught its prey by hiding quietly. until an animal 'came near. Then, the smilodon would surprise its prey.

Another main difference between today's tiger and the smilodon is the size of their teeth. It was known as a smilodon because of two large teeth that grew in its upper jaw (上颌). These teeth grew up to seven inches long and were surprisingly easily broken. The smilodon probably used the teeth to bite into soft parts of its prey’s body, such as its stomach. A modern tiger’s teeth are much smaller, but they are stronger.

The smilodon lived in North and South America from about two million years ago until about ten thousand years ago. Tigers, of course, still exist today and live in eastern and southeastern Asia. No one knows for sure whether the smilodon became extinct because of loss of habitat or human activities.

31. What does the author tell us in Paragraph l?

A. A smilodon was the largest cat in the world.

B. A smilodon was much bigger than a modem-day lion.

C. Smilodons have lived on the earth for about 1.6 million years.

D. There were smilodons on the earth about 11,000 years ago.

32. We can learn from Paragraph 3 that _______.

A. today's tigers have shorter tails

B. smilodons hunted for prey passively

C. a smilodon liked traveling and hunting alone

D. smilodons easily fell down while running very fast

33. According to the passage, one difference between the smilodon and the tiger is _______.

A. the size of their teeth

B. the size of their ears

C. the kind of food they eat

D. the way they sleep

34. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?

A. To compare two kinds of big cats.

B. To persuade readers to protect tigers.

C. To inform readers about tigers' habitats.

D. To entertain readers with a story about an animal.

35. We can infer from the passage that _______.

A. the largest animals are the best hunters

B. animals that look similar can actually be quite different

C. modem tigers need to be more like smilodons if they -want to survive

D. the fate of animals in the past was controlled by humans

C

Writing Your Own Story

Pick a plot(故事情节) that you thought of and decide whether it interests you or not, or you can pick a common topic that's often popular with the public, like some interesting incidents in middle school. Just make sure that the incidents won't make people bored or disappointed. Another method is to pick a few key words of the theme in your story and write them down. For example, a few words of the theme of your story could be "scary", "horror", and "terrifying". It's basically the mood of your story, the theme of it and what "feelings" it gives to your readers.

Know the age group for your story. If you want to show your story to younger people, write about youthful topics. If your age group is older people, it is better to write more about their life. Don't write about callow topics if you're basing your story on older people. However, keep in mind that some older people do like younger story topics.

Create the characters. Make sure the characters are related to your story and try to mix it up a little. You can write your characters' information as much as possible, or you can just keep it simple by just writing their names, ages, and maybe a small description. Give them unique names. Give them unexpected personalities. Don't make them too complicated (复杂的), or readers will be confused.

Start to create your story. The plot can be anything, from talking zebras to upwards gravity, anything. Make it interesting and unique. Make up a topic that has never been used before. That may sound hard, but it's really not. Pick a proper scene with a unique topic and plot. It's really important to make sure it interests you.

Then you should immediately type your story or write it.

36. The first paragraph mainly tells us that________.

A. common topics are often popular with the public

B. it's an important step in writing to pick a good plot

C. writing key words down can make your story interesting

D. the mood of stories can decide if stories interest readers

37. The underlined word "callow" in Paragraph 2 refers to________.

A. little funny

B. difficult

C. too young

D. rather humorous

38. According to the passage, we can know that _________.

A. it is not important whether the topic is popular with the public

B. the youthful topics are more popular than other topics

C. the characters of a story should be clear to readers

D. the plot of a story must be interesting and humorous

39. What can we learn from the passage?

A. It's useless to make the theme of your story popular with readers.

B. It's necessary to know readers’ age groups when writing a story.

C. It doesn't matter whether the names of characters are unique.

D. It doesn't matter whether the topic interests readers.

40. The passage is mainly about_________.

A. the importance of writing our own story

B. some tips on how to write our own story

C. why writing our own story can make our life more colorful

D. why writing our own story can help us become great writers

D

Imagine the tip at the top of a sandcastle – the kind you creat9 by dripping (滴下) some of very wet sand. Hoodoos, a type of rock formation (形式) found mainly in Bryce Canyon, Utah, look like wet sand, but they are made of colorful rock. Every year, millions of people come to Bryce Canyon to look at the pole-shaped hoodoos, which are from 5 to 150 feet tall.

What caused these amazing formations? Scientists believe that water is responsible. Over millions of years, water and ice have shaped the limestone (石灰石) of the area. On many days in this region, it is freezing at night and much warmer during the day. The sun melts snow, and the water flows into cracks in the limestone. When the water freezes at night, it expands and causes the cracks to widen and pull the rock apart. This is called "frost wedging". Another way that water shapes the hoodoos is simply through rainfall. The rain contains a small amount of acid, which causes the soft limestone to break. Some layers of rock in the hoodoos there are harder than others, making parts of the hoodoos become thinner more slowly. This gives hoodoos their unusual shapes and appearances.

Visitors to Bryce Canyon can hike through miles of natural wonders formed by hoodoos. However, to protect the tips, visitors are asked to stay on the paths. If they climb on the hoodoos, they will damage the formations and rob future generations of the chance to see something that

took millions of years to form.

41. Why does the author discuss the sandcastle tip at the beginning of the passage?

A. To help readers understand hoodoos.

B. To remind readers of their childhood.

C. To show that hoodoos are made of sand.

D. To explain how people create hoodoos.

42. Which of the following provides the most direct evidence that hoodoos have an amazing

appearance?

A. When the water freezes at night, it expands.

B. Some layers of rock in the hoodoos are harder.

C. Over millions of years, water and ice have shaped the limestone.

D. Every year, millions of people come to Bryce Can yon to look at the hoodoos.

43. Which of the following is NOT referred to in the passage?

A. Ice shapes the limestone.

B. Wind shapes the limestone.

C. Water shapes the limestone.

D. People can harm hoodoos.

44. Rainfall causes the amazing formations because_________.

A. rain can make hoodoos become thinner quickly

B. the temperature of rain is extremely low

C. rain flows into cracks in the limestone

D. there is a little acid in the rain

45. The last paragraph mainly tells us that ______.

A. hoodoos should be well protected

B. Bryce Canyon is a natural wonder

C. climbing on the hoodoos is wrong

D. future generations can also see hoodoos

第二节信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。首先，请阅读以下几则招聘信息：

A. Foreign Trade Assistant Wanted

--- having a good command _of English and Cantonese

--- at least 5 years of experience

--- a We desire to satisfy the needs of others in a fast-paced environment

--- easy-going and hard-working

Contact Jam Smith at 907-544-9229.

B. Fitness Instructor Wanted

--- fond of FITNESS

--- willing to join us in an exciting venture

--- spirited and energetic

---10 years of previous experience preferred

--- able to stand for long periods of time

Contact Jessie Green at 917-540-9629.

C. Senior Chef Needed ASAP( as soon as possible

--- a cooking background (All forms are welcome!)

--- preferably experience in banquets

--- preferably from France or Britain

--- able to follow orders and make food quickly while maintaining quality

- willing to be a team player and contribute in any way necessary

Contact Linda at 918-530-7321.

D. Chinese Teacher Wanted

--- appropriate licenses

--- preferably a female between 25 and 35

--- patient and outgoing

--- speaking good English

Contact Judy at 998-330-5320.

E. Live-in Maid Wanted

--- at least 25 years old

--- experience in working as a maid

--- speaking and writing reasonable English

--- honest, and hard-working

Contact Lily at 927-340-5357,

F. Part-time Translator Wanted

--- at least 8 years of experience

--- preferably a male between 30 and 40

--- having a good command of translating and –computer skills

--- working only on Saturdays and Sundays

Contact Jennifer at 962-730-7921.

以下是五个求职人员的自我介绍，请将其与上面的招聘信息匹配。

46. I am Mickey with nearly 10 years of experience in foreign trade business. I am good at translating documents, Word and Excel, so I want to find a part-time job as an assistant or a translator on weekends. If you need me, please contact me.

47. I am a British chef with 24 years of experience. I am looking for a catering job in a large hotel group or a western restaurant. I am trained in classical French cooking, and have experience with Italian and Spanish cooking. I am highly experienced in running all types of kitchens, from small restaurants to big production kitchens.

48. I am a professional Chinese teacher and have 3 years of experience of teaching Chinese. I teach Mandarin only, and I can speak Spanish and English. I am good at teaching Chinese. I am

reliable and kind. If you are looking for a Chinese teacher, please contact me.

49. I am a qualified nutritionist and personal fitness instructor from Scotland, and looking for a job as a nutritionist or a personal fitness instructor in a large hotel. I can work for big groups or companies to ensure that their employees stay healthy.

50. I am Edmund from Malaysia. I am a translator and foreign trade negotiator in a state-owned company, which deals with foreign trade. I have been in charge of sourcing products for five years.

I can speak English, Mandarin, Cantonese and Malay. If you need me, please contact me.

III阅读(共两节，满分40分)

第一节基础写作（共1小题；满分15分）

以下为学校创建“文明校园，反对浪费”的

相关信息：

浪费现象及其危害1．离开宿舍不关灯，洗手后不关水龙头；2．随意倾倒食物及开空调。

1．浪费有限的资源；

2．造成环境污染。

应对措施1．控制消费欲望；

2．从现在开始，从“我”做起勤俭节约。目标提升环保意识，养成节俭的好习惯。

*节俭的：thrifty adj.

【写作内容】

根据以上信息，为你校校报写一篇英语短文，内容包括：1．浪费现象及其危害；

2．应对措施；

3．目标。

[写作要求]

只能用五个句子表达全部内容。

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 第二节读写任务（共1小题；满分25分）

阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Liz Murray grew up in the Bronx, New York City, with drug-addicted parents who were poor and ill. She often slept on friends' floors, camped outside or rode the subway all night. When Murray was 16, her mother died of AIDS, which caused her to question where her life was going. With an eighth-grade education, Murray decided to take action and work hard in her life every day.

After Murray was admitted to a high school, she took a double course load and completed high school in only two years. Her excellent grades earned Murray a scholarship and later she was admitted to Harvard. She graduated in 2009, after taking a break to care for her father, who also passed away due to AIDS.

Murray's story was adapted (改编) for the 2003 film Homeless to Harvard the Liz Murray Story. The book Breaking Night written by her was published in 2010 and became very best-selling. Moreover, Murray has founded a company, which works to help adults to create extraordinary things in their lives.

【写作内容】

1．以约30个词概括上文的主要内容；

2．然后以约120个词就“逆境成就梦想”发表你的看法，这部分内容包括如下要点：

(1)你对Liz Murray的评价；

(2)举例一位名人说明你的观点；

(3)你对“逆境成就梦想”的感想。

【写作要求】

1. 作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接用原

文中的句子。

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

【评分标准】

概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 1-5 CCABA 6-10 CBBAC

11-15 ACDDC

16-25 (One possible version)

16. who 17. containing

18. comfortable 19. The

20. If 21. their

22. against 23. differently

24. be treated 25. behavior

26-30 DCCBA 31-35 DDAAB 36-40 BCCBB 41-45 ADBDA

46-50 FCDBA

基础写作(One possible version)

As is known to all, there are more and more serious waste on campus. Often students are seen not turn off the lights when they leave their dorms or turn off the taps after they finish washing their hands. What’s worse, quite a few students throw a lot of food in the garbage and turn on the air conditioner when unnecessary. All the behavior means wasting the limited resources and certainly brings about serious environmental pollution. For the problems, we should take action such as controlling our consuming desire and buying only what we need, and we should do this now and start from ourselves to be thrifty. If so, we can raise awareness of environmental protection and

form the habit of being thrifty.

读写任务(One possible version)

The passage tells us a story about Liz Murray, a homeless girl whose parents both died of AIDS. She lived a poor life but managed to enter Harvard and achieved great success.

I’m deeply moved by Murray’s story. She was in such a miserable situation, but she never gave up. Instead, she overcame all the difficulty with her strong will and finally made a success.

As we all know, Beethoven was one of the greatest composers. He went deaf when he was only 28 years old. How terrible for a musician to lose his hearing! Despite his misfortune, he devoted all his time and energy to music and rapidly entered a new creative period. As for the astonishing quantities of his masterpieces, no one can match him in the history of music.

Difficulty and frustration always lies along the way leading to success. Only with strong will and perseverance can we achieve our goals and realize our dreams.

第45期测试题部分答案解析

完形填空

学生利用课余俱乐部筹款购买运动型游戏，这是为了疗养院里不愿或不能进行户外运动的人员。

1. C。此处解释俱乐部的作用，也就是能“交新朋友，处理新的环境”。

2. C。俱乐部的人员都是有共同兴趣的人，所以用C项。

3. A。从下文中There was a dance club, an exercise club...Daniela didn’t know which to...可推测Daniela正在寻找加入一个俱乐部，故选A项。

4. B。从Then Daniela’s friend Ciara told her about the action club’s...可知B项正确。

5. A。Daniela不知道该选哪一个俱乐部，故选A项。

6. C。从下文中的问句可以推测出Daniela是心存疑惑，也就是不确定的。

7. B。从下文The games help people who need to exercise and move around...可推知这是运动型

游戏，故选B项。

8. B。根据上下文，可知这种电子游戏控制板是给不能安全地参加户外运动的人用的。

9. A。通过how health video games help 10 people to move可知A项正确。

10. C。从上下文可知这种游戏鼓励人们活动。故选C项。

11. A。此处是指游戏控制板会使遭受痛苦的人分心，减少其痛苦，故选A项。

12. C。从她询问如何帮助，可知她同意加入，故C项正确。

13. D。从第一段found creative ways to raise money可知D项正确。raise money意为“筹钱”。

14. D。从句意“其中一个是奖给抽彩的赢家”可知D项正确。

15. C。从倒数第二段We’re selling raffle (抽彩) tickets.可知C项正确。

语法填空

本文讲述了有些小学让家长多交钱，其子女就可进入教学配备好学生人数少的“贵族班”，引起许多家长的忧虑。作者认为这样的做法不公平不可取。

16. who。考查定语从句。此句是定语从句，先行词是the students，在从句中做主语，故可用who或that。

17. containing。考查非谓语形式。classrooms与动词contain是主谓关系，故在此需用现在分词。

18. comfortable，考查词性转化。此处形容词修饰名词classrooms。

19. The。考查冠词。new “rule”是第二次出现，故应用定冠词the。

20. If。考查连词。根据句意“如果家长不付额外的钱”可知填if。

21. their。考查代词。根据句意“只有少数的家庭才能负担得起，把他们的孩子送去这种贵族班”可知填their。

22. against。考查介词。根据句意“这种做法违背了教育法”。against在此意为“违反”。

23. differently。考查词性转化。此处应用副词differently修饰动词treat。

24. be treated。考查动词语态。pupils与treat构成动宾关系，故应用被动语态。学生应该被一视同仁。

25. behavior。考查词性转化。此处是名词做宾语，故要填名词behavior。

阅读理解

A 这是一篇科幻小说。叙述若干年后，人类把地球上的植物都污染殆尽，不得已用科技手段建造成一个防护罩。一天，在这个防护罩里长出了一株幼小的真正的植物。

26. D。推理判断题。根据文章内容可知这是一篇科幻故事，是叙述地球上植物消失后的事，故可推测为D项。从第三段中The video explained that things called plants once grew on Earth 也可以推测出。

27. C。细节理解题。根据第一段he stopped to look up at the cloudless blue sky beyond the Bubble和第三段People had built the Bubble to provide an environment in which everything could survive可知这故事发生在防护罩中。

28. C。推理判断题。故事主要讲述人类自毁地球，让地球上一株真正的植物都没有，自己还不得不躲在防护罩里。选项中的A、B和D项与此故事表现的需要吸取的教训有关，故选C项。

29. B。主旨大意题。此篇文章用科幻的形式表现出自然是珍贵的，应该珍惜的。

30. A。文章标题题。这篇文章用科幻的形式说明未来人类对发现植物的新奇，可知文章是围绕防护罩中的新植物展开，故选A项。

B 剑齿虎长着一对和其他猫科动物相比较长的犬齿，故得名。大众眼中的剑齿虎则一般指刃齿虎（smilodon）。它们不是现代虎的祖先（因为环境使它们全部灭绝），剑齿虎早就灭绝了，没有留下活体，我们现在也只是通过它的化石知道它的存在。

31. D。细节理解题。根据第一段This kind of cat went extinct about 11,000 years ago可知D项正确。其他三个选项与文章内容不符。

32. D。推理判断题。根据第三段the smilodon did not have the balance to run at top speeds可知D项正确。

33. A。细节理解题。根据第四段的内容，及smilodon的名字含义可知A项正确。

34. A。写作意图题。本文主要描述剑齿虎和现代虎之间的异同，故选A项。

35. B。推理判断题。从文章第二段的Although the smilodon was also known as a similar tiger in the past, it was not a close relative of the modern tiger，可以推测出“看起来相似的动物实际上

相当不同。”

C 故事就是“事”，就是“情节”，就是“事故”。你讲的“事”大家爱听，有“意思”，就是好故事；反之就是不好的故事。要写好故事，需要几个方面。

36. B。细节理解题。全文是有关如何写故事的，第一段主要叙述写故事的重要的一步，构思故事情节，故选B项。

37. C。词义猜测题。根据第二段If your age group is older people, it is better to write more about their life.可推断出，“callow”所涉及的内容和前面提到的“their life（老人的生活）”相反，有“不成熟，太年轻”的含义，故选C项。

38. C。细节理解题。根据第三段Don’t make them too complicated, or readers will be confused 可判断，故事中的人物特点应该是清晰的。

39. B。细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，写故事的话题要适应于对应的年龄段的读者，故选B项。其它三项均为干扰项。

40. B。主旨大意题。综合全文，本文从五个方面谈了如何写故事，故选B项。

D 冻融冰解的腐蚀力和雨水的溶解力赋予了石灰石以不同的形状:狭长的峡谷形、窗形、鳍形,还有被称为“hoodoos”的锥形石柱。

41. A。作者意图题。文章第一段以沙堡为例，目的是让读者理解峰林顶尖的形成。

42. D。细节理解题。每年数以万计的游客去旅游，这最直接地说明hoodoos是旅游美景，故选D项。

43. B。细节理解题。文章第二段说明了A、C项符合文意，第三段说明D项符合文意。文章没有提及风对塑造石灰岩的作用，故选B项。

44. D。细节理解题。根据第二段The rain contains a small amount of acid, which causes the soft limestone to break可推知D项正确。

45. A。段落大意题。最后一段主要讲述需要保护好hoodoos，也为了让后代能看到这一奇观。故选A项。

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Book 4 UNIT1 1.only+状语（副词、介词短语或从句）位于句首时，句子要部分倒装。 （把be动词/情态动词/助动词提前到主语前面） only+状语+助V+主语+其他 ① I realized that I was wrong only then. ? Only then did I realize that I was wrong. ② You can learn English well only in this way. ? Only in this way can you learn English well. ③ We will achieve success only when we work hard. ? Only when you work hard will you achieve success. 2.spend、pay、cost、take 表“花费” sb+spend+time/money+(in)doing sth/on sth sb+pay+money+for sth It+cost(sb)+money+to do sth sth +cost+ sb+money It+take(sb)+time+to do sth eg:①读这本书花了他两天的时间。 He spent two days ( in ) reading this book. = It took him two days to read this book. ②买这辆车花了他20万元。 He spent 200,000 on thiis car. = He paid 200,000 yuan for the car. 3.lead a(+adj.) life 过着...的生活 lead a quiet/simple/happy life 4.look down upon/on... 鄙视...瞧不起... eg：我们不应该瞧不起残疾人。 We shouldn’t look down upon / on the disable . 5.by chance= by accident 碰巧，偶然地 eg: 我偶然找到了那本丢失了的书。 I found the lost book by chance. come across... 偶然碰到（某人），偶然发现（某物） eg：我今天早上在街上遇到了一个老朋友。 I came across an old friend on the street this morning. 6.carry on (sth) 继续；坚持 eg：在他死了之后，他的孩子肯定会坚持他的梦想的。 After his death , his children will certainly carry on his dream. carry out 履行，执行，实行 eg：你必须实履行你的承诺，要不然的话没人会相信你。 You must carry out your promise, or no one will believe you. 7.intend to do sth 打算做某事 eg：我打算赶上早班车，但我没有及时起床。 I intented to catch the early train, but I didn’t get up in time. be intended for sb 为...而准备，专供...使用

人教版高中英语必修四重点单词短语

必修4U n i t1重点单词 1. achieve vt.完成；达到 2. achievement n.成就；功绩 3. condition n.条件；状况 4. welfare n.福利；福利事业 5. connection n.连接；关系；亲戚 6. campaign n.运动；战役；活动vi.作战；参加运动 7. organization n.组织；机构；团体 8. specialist n.专家 9. devote vt.投入于；献身 10. behave vt.&vi.举止；举动；行为表现 11. behavior n.行为；举止；习性 12. worthwhile adj.值得做的；值得出力的 13. observe vt.观察；观测；遵守 14. observation n.观察；观测 15. respect vt.&n.尊重；尊敬；敬意 16. argue vi.争论；辩论；vt.争论；说服 17. entertainment n.款待；娱乐；娱乐表演 18. inspire vt.鼓舞；感动；激发；启示 19. support vt.&n.支持；拥护 20. communication n.通讯；通信；交流 21. strike vt.&vi.打击；打劫n.罢工；袭击 22. explain vt.解释；说明 23. medical adj.医学的 24. consideration n.考虑；体谅 25. deliver vt.递送；生（小孩儿）；发表（演说等） 26. modest adj.谦虚的；谦让的；适度的 27. considerate adj.考虑周到的 重点短语 1. devote to 把……献给；把……用在…… 2. rather than 与其；而非 3. mean doing 意味着干某事 4. mean to do 打算、想要去做某事 5. argue for 为……辩护 6. argue with 与……争论 7. argue against 争辩…… 8. set up 建立；创立；竖起 9. look down upon/on 藐视；瞧不起 10. refer to 提到；说起 11. care for 照顾；照看；喜爱 12. be intended for 为……准备 13. wander off 走失；走散；偏离（正道）