完成时态
遂宁东辰荣兴国际学校高2017级高三15, 20班个性化复习
现在完成时
1.现在完成时的构成。
现在完成时由―助动词have / has + 动词过去分词（done）‖构成。
二.现在完成时的用法。
1.表示过去发生的动作到现在已经结束或完成。
They have finished their homework .
2.表示过去某时刻发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already （用于肯定句）, yet（用于否定和疑问句）, just , ever , never , recently , this year , in the past…years …等时间状语连用。
1.My sister has never been to the Great wall .
2.Have you heard from your father recently ?
3.China has changed a lot in the past thirty years .
3表示从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态，常与for 引导的一段时间或since 引导的时间状语或状语从句连用。
1.Jack has worked in China for over ten years .
2.Jack has worked in China since ten years .
3.Jack has worked here since he came to China .
注意：在这种用法中，for 或since 引起的都是表示一段时间的状语，所以句子谓语动词应该是延续性的动词。
判断并改错。
1.He has come to China for ten years . （）
2.He has been in China for ten years . （）
3.I have borrow the book for a week . （）
4.I have kept the book for a week . （）
补充：have / has been to :去过某地，已经回来了。
Have / has gone to :去某地，还没有回来。
1.Jim has been to Shanghai .
2.Jim has gone to Shanghai.
三．动词的过去分词的构成有规则变化和不规则变化两种，不规则变化没有规律，只有靠平时的记忆和积累。
注意：动词的过去式和过去分词构成的规则变化是相同的。
动词过去分词的构成的规则变化。
1.一般情况在动词后面加ed .
play—played work – worked
2.以字母e 结尾的动词，在词尾加d .
live – lived dance – danced
3.以― 辅音字母+ y ‖ 结尾的动词，要改y 为i ,再加ed .
study – studied
4.以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要双写这个辅音字母，再加ed .
plan –planned stop – stopped
补充：一些动词的过去式，过去分词的不规则变化。
am, is – was , are – were ; （am, is , are）-- been ; do – did – done ;
go – went – gone ; prefer – preferred – preferred ; refer – referred – referred; sing – sang – sung ; steal – stole –stolen ; swim – swam – swum ; hang – hung – hung ; put – put – put ; cut – cut – cut
现在完成时专项练习
一．用since和for填空
1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday.
2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days.
3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days.
4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock.
5. India has been an independent country ______1974.
6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes.
7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years.
8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October.
二。Fill in the blanks with the proper form.
1. I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week.
2. _____ he ____ (finish) his work today? Not yet.
3. My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now.
4. Where’s Li Ming ? He __________ (go) to the teacher’s office.
5. I __________ (work) here since I ______ (move) here in 1999.
6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here.
7. How long ________ the Wangs ______________(stay) here ? For two weeks.
8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework.
9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day.
10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet?
11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you.
12. The students ____________ (read) English when the teacher came in.
13. Look! The monkey __________ (climb) the tree.
14. My mother __________ (come) to see me next Sunday.
15. I've lost my pen. _________ you ________ (see) it anywhere?
三. Choose the best answer.
1. How long have you _______ here?
A. come
B. got
C. arrived
D. been
2. My grandpa died _________.
A. at the age of my 2
B. for 2 years
C. when I was 2.
D. my age was 6.
3. Jane has _____ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow.
A. been
B. gone
C. went
D. never been
4. It is ten years _____ I last saw her.
A. after
B. since
C. for
D. that
5.--Who will go to the station to meet Lorry?
--I will. I _____ her several times.
A. met
B. have met
C. had met
D. will meet
6. --What a nice dress! How long _____ you _____ it?
--Just 2 weeks.
A. will, buy
B. did, buy
C. are, having
D. have, had
7.--Do you know Lydia very well?
--Yes, She and I _____ friends since we were very young.
A. have made
B. have become
C. have been
D. have turned
8. The Smiths _______ in China for 8 years.
A. has lived
B. lived
C. have been
D. live
9. --Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black?
-- Sorry. He ______ the Bainiao Park.
A. has been to
B. has gone to
C. went to
D. will go to
10. --____ you ever ____ to the US?
-- Yes, twice.
A. Have, gone
B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going 四．Use ―never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since‖ to fill in the blanks.
1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.
3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.
4. ―Have you ________ seen the film?‖ ―No, I have ________ seen it.‖
5. ―Has the bus left _______?‖ ―Yes, it has _________ left.‖
现在完成时练习题及答案
一、翻译下列句子：
你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？___________________________________________
2. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书。___________________________________________
3. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。________________________________________
4. 他已经吃过午饭________________________________________
5. 你已经看过这部电影了吗？______________________________________
6. 我哥哥还没回来。___________________________________________
7.这本字典我已买了三年了。_______________________________________
8.他离开中国三年了。______________________________________________
9.我认识他们五年了。______________________________________________
10.他们已去了美国五年了。_________________________________________
11.自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。____________________________________
12.我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。_____________________________________
13.自从1999年以来他们就认识。_________________________________________
14.我来到这个学校已3年多了。__________________________________________
一. since 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. since 6. for 7. for 8.for, Since
二. have, seen, saw 2. Has, finished 3. has, come 4. has gone 5. have worked, moved 6. have made 7. have, stayed 8. have, finished 9. goes 10. have, found 11. is 12. were reading 13. is climbing 14. is coming 15. Have, seen
三．1. D 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. B 6.D 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. 四．1. never 2. just , already 3. for 4. ever, never 5. yet , just / already
过去完成时
一．定义：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前就已经发生了的动作或存在的状态。它表示动作发生的时间是在―过去的过去‖。
二．基本构成
过去完成时由― 助动词had + 动词过去分词(done) ‖ 构成。
三．过去完成时的两个最主要的特点
1. 过去完成时表示的时间和动作都是―过去的过去‖。
2. 过去完成时是一种相对（对比）时态。也就是说只有在句子或上下文区
别或强调过去的某一时间或动作与过去的过去的某一时间或动作相对比
时，才使用过去完成时。
四．基本用法
（1）过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前就已经发生了的动作或存在的状态，即动作发生的时间是―过去的过去‖。
可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个
表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来暗示。
例如：By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship.
到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。
（2）表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。
例如：I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.
当车来的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。
He said he had worked in that factory since 1949.
他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。
（3）叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。
例如：Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine.
史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。
I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson.
我对动词一无所知，因为我没有好好学习功课。
（4）在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。
例如：I returned the book that I had borrowed.
我已归还了我借的书。
She found the key that she had lost.
她丢失的钥匙找到了。
（5）过去完成时常常用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句（或间接引语）中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。
例如：He said that he had known her well. 他说他很熟悉她。
I thought I had sent the letter a week before.
我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。
（6）状语从句：在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在前，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。
如when,before,after,as soon as,till/until引导的
例如：When I woke up, it had already stopped raining.
我醒来时雨已停了。
She didn’t go to bed until she had finished her work.
她直到把工作做完之后才睡觉。
注意：如果两个动作紧接着发生，则常常不用过去完成时，特别是在包含before 和after的复合句中，因为这时从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺
序已经非常明确，这时可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。
例如：After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English.
马克思到达英格兰之后，努力提高他的英语水平。
（7）动词think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。
例如：They had wanted to help but could not get there in time.
他们本来打算去帮忙，但没有及时赶到那里。
We had hoped to be able to come and see you .
我们本来希望能来看看你。
（8）过去完成时还可用在hardly…when…, no sooner…than…,
It was the first (second, etc) time (that)…等固定句型中。
例如：Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.
他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。
No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.
他刚到就又走了。
It was the third time that he had been out of work that year.
这是他那一年第三次失业了。
五．过去完成时-语法判定
1. 由时间状语来判定
一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：（ 1 ）by + 过去的时间点。如：
I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.
（ 2 ）by the end of + 过去的时间点。如：
We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.
（ 3 ）before + 过去的时间点。如：
They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.
2. 由―过去的过去‖来判定。
过去完成时表示―过去的过去‖，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动
作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。
这种用法常出现在：
（ 1 ）宾语从句中
当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。
如：She said that she had seen the film before.
（ 2 ）状语从句中
在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如：
After he had finished his homework, he went to bed.
注意：before, after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于before 和after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都可以用一般过去时。如：
After he closed the door, he left the classroom.
（3）表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3. 根据上、下文来判定。
I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other
since he went to Beijing.
过去完成时专项练习
一.用动词的适当形式填空
1. We _____________ (paint) the house before we ______________ (move) in.
2. That rich old man _____________ (make) a will before he _____________ (die).
3. They _____________ (study) the map of the country before they ________ (leave).
4. The robbers _____________ (run away ) before the policemen_______ (arrive).
5. I __________ (turn off) all the lights before I ____________ (go) to bed.
6. Paul __________ (go) out with Jane after he __________ (make) a phone call.
7. Tom __________ (say) he ___________ (read) the book twice.
8. Our plan ____________ (fail ) because we _____________ (make) a bad mistake.
9. When the chairman ______________ (finish) speaking, he _____________ (leave)the hall.
10.The Reads __ ______ (have) lunch when I ________________(get) to their house.
11.When I ______________(arrive) at the station, he ____________________(leave).
12.We _______________(learn) about 4000 English words by the end of last term.
13. I waited until he _______________(finish) his homework.
14. We were surprised at what she ________already ______(do)
15.She ____________(not go) to Qingdao because she ________________ (be) there before.
16. He ______________(not tell) you the news yet.
17. He said he _____________already_________(give) the book to the teacher.
18. I ______________(be) to Shanghai before.
19. She told me she _________________(be) to Sanya three times.
20.She _____________(play) the guitar while her sister_______________(sing).
二．句型转换
1．I had sold the ticket when she came.（改否定句）
__________________________________________________
2.She had sung a song to us before she danced.（改否定句）
______________________________________________________
3.They began to climb the mountain after they had bought all the food and drinks.（把主句变成否定）
__________________________________________________________
4.By 10:00 a.m, I had been very hungry. （改一般疑问）
____________________________________________________
5.Lucy had already completed the project when I arrived.（改一般疑问）
________________________________________________________
6.By the time he got to the airport, the plane had taken off. （改一般疑问）
_________________________________________________________
7..He had broken his arm when I saw him.（对划线部分提问）
__________________________________________________________
8.When he had read the note, he ate it. （对划线部分提问）
_____________________________________________________________
9..Jack didn’t go to the cinema because he had seen the film. （对划线部分提问）
__________________________________________________________
10.We had had the toys for ten years before we gave them to the child. （对划线部分提问）
______________________________________________________________
11.She had written the book by the end of 1960. （对划线部分提问）
____________________________________________________________
12.We cooked the dumplings. We ate them up. （用过去完成时连接两句）
_____________________________________________________________
13.Jim’s father mended the car. It was broken. （用过去完成时连接两句）
______________________________________________________________
14.We had our tests. Then we had a long holiday.( 用过去完成时连接两句)
After we ________________________, we _____________________________
15.He showed us the picture. Then he showed us around the house. (用过去完成时连接两句)
Before he _______________________, he______________________________.
参考答案：
一.用动词的适当形式填空
1. had painted... moved
2. had made ... died
3. had studied…left
4. had run away..arrived
5. had turned off …went
6. went …had made
7. said …had read 8 failed …had made
9. (had) finished …left 10. were having/had had …got 11. arrived ..had left
12.. had learned 13. (had) finished 14. had ..done 15 didn't go …had been
16. hasn't told 17 had …given 18. have been 19. had been 20. was playing …was singing 二．句型转换
1．I hadn't sold the ticket when she came. 2. She hadn't sung a song to us before she danced.
3. They didn't begin to climb the mountain after they had bought all the food and drinks.
4. Had you been very hungry by 10:00 a.m?
5. Had Lucy completed the project when I arrived yet?
6. Had the plane taken off by the time he got to the airport?
7. What had he done when you saw him? 8.What did he do when he had read the note?
9. Why didn't Jack go to the cinema?
10. How long had you/we had the toys before you/we gave them to the child?
11.What had she written by the end of 1960? 12.After we had cooked the dumplings, we ate them up.
13.Jim’s father mended the car because it had been broken.
14.After we had had our tests, we had a long holiday.
15. Before he showed us around the house, he had showed us the picture.
现在完成进行时
1 定义:现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在，可能还要继续下去。
2 现在完成进行时的构成:现在完成进行时是由―have/has+been+动词的现在分词‖构成
3 现在完成进行时的基本句型
肯定式I/We have been working.
疑问式Have you been working？
简略回答Yes，I/we have. No，I/we haven't.
肯定式He/She/It has been working.
疑问式Has he/she/it been working？
简略回答Yes，he/she/it has. No，he/she/it hasn't.
4 现在完成时的用法
1）在强调指出动作还未结束，还要继续下去。
如：I've been reading this book for two hours，but I haven't finished it.
这本书我已读了两个小时了，但我还没读完。
I have read this book.我已读完这本书了。
2）强调动作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩。
She has always been working like that.她一贯是这样工作的。
3）现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这段时间反复发生的事情。
We've been seeing quite a lot of each other recently.最近我们经常见面。
5 现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别
1）现在完成进行时更强调动作的延续性,它是现在完成时的强调形式。试比较：We've been living here for ten years.
We've lived here for ten years.我们在这儿已经住了十年了。
2）在不用时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行。而现在完成时则表示动作在过去已结束。如：
The students have been preparing for the exam.（还在进行）学生们一直在准备考试。The students have prepared for the exam.（已经结束）学生们为考试作了准备。3）有些表示状态，感情，感觉的动词如：have，exist，like，hate，hear，know，sound等动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。如：
They've known each other since 1970.自从1970年起他们就相互认识了。
现在完成进行时练习:
1.Mr. Li swimming for 3 hours, and his son an hour ago.
A.has been, started B .have started, has started
B.started, started D. Has started, has started
2.---How long you stamps?
---Since two years ago.
A.have, collect B .have, been collecting C. did, collect D. are, collecting
3.She had a headache because she too long. She ought to shop.
A.has been reading
B. had read C .is reading D. read
4.--- have you been learning to swim? ---Half a year.
A.How long
B. How often
C. How far
D. When
5.Our teacher has been teaching in this school for .
A.two year and a half B .two and a half year
C. two years and half
D. two and a half years
6.He it for two hours, and he's still watching now.
A.has been watched
B. watching
C. has been watching
D. is watching
(完整版)英语中的十六种时态
英语中的十六种时态 （1）一般现在时 基本形式（以do为例）：第三人称单数：does（主语为非第三人称单数）；肯定句：主语＋动词原形＋其他； He works for us. 否定句：主语＋don't/doesn't＋动词原形＋其他； He doesn't work for us. 一般疑问句：Do/Does＋主语＋动词原形＋其他。 肯定回答：Yes，（＋主语＋do/does）． 否定回答：No，（＋主语＋don't/doesn't.） 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句语 Does he work for us？ Yes， he does.
No， he doesn't What does he do for us？ He works for us. （2）一般过去时 be动词＋行为动词的过去式 否定句式：在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词，或was／were＋not；was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词 例如： Did he work for us？ He didn't work for us. He worked for us. （3）一般将来时 am／are／is＋going to＋do 或 will／shall＋do am/is/are/about to + do
am/is/are to + do； 一般将来时的表达方法 be going to +动词原形 be +不定式，be to+动词原形，be about to ＋动词原形 be able to +不定式 be about to+动词原形 will + 动词原形； 例如：He is going to work for us. He will work for us； He is coming.这是特殊的用一般现在时表达将来时态的例子！！ (4)过去将来时 be（was，were）going to+动词原形 be（was，were）about to+动词原形
(完整版)英语完成时态语法讲解专题
过去完成时态 （一）定义：①表示发生在过去的动作对过去晚些时候造成的影响或结果②过去某一动作一直持续到过去晚些时候将来可能还要延续。发生在前的那个动作【过去的过去】 （二）基本结构：主语+had+过去分词vpp.(done) ①肯定句：主语+had+过去分词. ②否定句：主语+had+not+过去分词. ③一般疑问句：Had+主语+过去分词? 肯定回答：Yes,主语+had. 否定回答：No,主语+had not . ④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句（Had+主语+过去分词）？ ⑤被动语态：主语+had（hadn't)+been+过去分词 （三）用法： （1）表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，也可以说过去的时间关于过去的动作。即“过去的过去”。可以用by, before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可能通过上下文来表示。 例如：By nine o’clock last night, we had gotten 200 pictures from the spaceship. 到昨晚9点钟，我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。 （2）表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for, since构成的时间状语连用。 例如：I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. 当车来的时候，我在车站已等了20分钟。 He said he had worked in that factory since 1949. 他说自从1949年以来他就在那家工厂工作。 （3）叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。 例如：Mr. Smith died yesterday. He had been a good friend of mine. 史密斯先生昨天去世了。他以前是我的好友。 I didn’t know a thing about the verbs, for I had not studied my lesson. 我对动词一无所知，因为我没有好好学习功课。 （4）在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。 例如：I returned the book that I had borrowed. 我已归还了我借的书。 She found the key that she had lost. 她丢失的钥匙找到了。 （5）过去完成时常常用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句（或间接引语）中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。 例如：He said that he had known her well. 他说他很熟悉她。 I thought I had sent the letter a week before. 我认为我一星期前就把信寄出去了。 （6）状语从句：在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在前，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 如when,before,after,as soon as,till/until引导的
英语语法初中英语动词时态和语态讲解
英语语法：初中英语动词时态和语态讲解 （一）动词是谓语动所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。 英语动词有16种时态，但是常用的只有9种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。下面分别介绍。 1、一般现在时的用法 1）表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态、特征和真理。句中常用often, usually, every day 等时间状语。例如： a. He goes to school every day. b. He is very happy. earth moves around the sun. 2) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。例如： a. If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting. b. When I graduate, I’ll go to countryside. 3) 有时这个时态表示按计划、规定要发生的动作（句中都带有时间状语），但限于少数动词，如：begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等。例如： a. The meeting begins at seven. b. The rain starts at nine in the morning. 4) 表示状态和感觉的动词(be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound 等)常用一般现在进行时。 a. I like English very much. b. The story sound very interesting. 5) 书报的标题、小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。 2.一般现在时的用法 1）表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过反复发生的动作。 a. He saw Mr. Wang yesterday. b. He worked in a factory in 1986. 2)表示过去经常发生的动作，也可用“used to “ 和“would + 动词原形”。I used to smoke. During the vacation I wouldm in the sea. 注：”used to “ 表示过去常发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。“would + 动词原形”没有“现在不再……”含义。另外“to be used to +名词（动名词）”表示“习惯于…..” a. I am used to the climate here. b. He is used tomming in winter. 3.一般将来时的用法 一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态。其表达形式除了“ will 或shall + 动词原形”表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。
英语16种时态总结
时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。英语时态分为16种： 一. 一般现在时用法： A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。B) 习惯用语。C) 经常性、习惯性动作。 D) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持主句、从句时态一致。 E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon. （下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。） How often does this shuttle bus run? （这班车多久一趟？） F) 在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在（有时也用现在完成时）表示将来事情。时间状语： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sund ays, etc. 基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词 否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。 二. 一般过去时用法： A) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况。 B) 表示过去习惯性动作。特别是由would/ used to do表达的句型，本身表示的就
英语写作中常用的时态
叙事一般用过去式，对应完成时进行时等都要进行变换。而其中的议论一般是使用一般时，因为是自己的评论。想法感受等比如感觉疲劳那用过去时，而光荣等能持续到现在的，一般就用现在时。 如果是客观真理事实，那么无论如何都要用现在时。 议论文、说明文一般用一般时。 特别注意在直接引语中要用一般时态（特殊情况除外) 1．要是明天下雨的话，这场比赛就要取消。 [误] The match will be canceled if it will rain tomorrow. [正] The match will be canceled if it rains tomorrow. 分析：在条件从句里要用一般现在时态表将来，所以will rain应该改为rains.但是will如果表示意愿的话，可以用条件从句或时间从句表将来。但主语一定要是人。例如： If you will come, you can. 如果你愿意的话，你可以跟我去。 2．地理老师告诉我们，地球是绕太阳转的。 [误] The geography teacher told us that the earth moved round the sun. [正] The geography teacher told us that the earth moves round the sun. 分析：根据时态一致性原则，主句的谓语如果是一般过去时态时，从句一般要与其时态对应。即从句的时态必须用过去时态、过去进行时态、过去完成时态等。但如果从句所表达的内容是一种规律、习惯性的东西，从句的谓语也不要改变。 3．你总是犯这个错误。 [误] You always make the same mistake. [正] You are always making the same mistake. 分析：be + 频度副词+ 现在分词，这种进行时态，是一种表达具有
小学英语语法时态讲解与归纳.
小学英语语法时态讲解与归纳—一般现在时 一、一般现在时： 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 二. 构成及变化 1.be动词的变化。 肯定句：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2. 行为动词的变化。 l、当主语为第一，二人称及复数时，助动词为do 肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。如：We often play basketball after school. 否定句：主语+ don't+动词原形(+其它)。如：we don’t play basketball after school. 一般疑问句：Do +主语+动词原形+其它? 如： Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we don't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句？ 如： What do you often do after school ? 3、当主语为第三人称单数时 , 助动词为does 肯定句：主语+动词三单式(+其它)。如： He swims well. 否定句：主语+ doesn’t+动词原形(+其它)。如：He doesn’t swim well.. 一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+其它。 如：Does he swim well ?
英语完成时态专项训练解析
完成时专项练习 一完成时态结构 1.肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他 2.否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他 3.一般疑问句：have/has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他Yes, 主语+have/has. No , 主语+have/has+not 4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他 二常和现在完成时一起连用的时间状语 注意:.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用，(如表示过去的时间状语）如yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon)等，除非与for, since连用. 1.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用 如already（肯定）, yet（否定，疑问）, just, before, recently, still, lately，Just, already, yet, ever, never, before, twice(重复性时间)，for+短时间，since+点时间，so far, how long 提问的疑问句中....... He has already obtained a scholarship. I haven't seen much of him recently (lately). We have seen that film before. Have they found the missing child yet ? 2.现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用, 如ever, never, twice, several times等: Have you ever been to Beijing I have never heard Bunny say anything against her. I have used this pen only three times. It is still good. George has met that gentleman several times. 3.现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用, 如up to these few days/weeks/months/years, just, up to present(now), so far等: Peter has written six papers so far. Up to the present everything has been successful. 三完成时的时间状语 当现在完成时与表示短时间的时间状语连用时，谓语动词必须使用延续性动词。 如果谓语动词是非延续性动词则转化为对应的延续性动词。 若不是和短时间连用，则不用转化。 英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之分，使用中应注意两者的区别。
英语中的16种时态(全)
动词16个时态 一、一般现在时 1.概念：表示经常发生的情况；有规律出现的情况；总是发生的；和事实真理。 2.时间状语：Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…），once a week(day, year, month…），on Sundays（on Mondays …）， 3.基本结构：动词原形（如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式） 4.否定形式：主语 + am/is/are + no t + 其他；此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't，如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。 5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时， 还原行为动词。 6.例句：It seldom snows here.这里很少下雪。 He is always ready to help others.他总是乐于帮助别人。 Action speaks louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。 二、一般过去时 1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。 2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…），in 1989,just now, at the age of 5,one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc. 3.基本结构：主语 + 动词的过去式或be的过去式+名词 4.否定形式：主语 + was/were + not + 其他；在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。 5.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。 6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.那些天她经常来帮助我们。 I didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你是这么忙。 三、一般将来时 1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 2.时间状语：Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…），soon, in a few minutes, by…，the day after tomorrow, etc. 3.基本结构：主语 + am/is/are + going to + do + 其它；主语 + will/shall + do + 其它 4.否定形式：主语 + am/is/are not going to do ；主语 + will/shall not do + 其它 5.一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。{首字母大写} 6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies. It is going to rain.天要下雨了。 四、一般过去将来时 1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。 2.时间状语：The next day (morning \, year…），the following month(week…），etc.
小学语法讲解--一般将来时态的理论
—般将来时态的理论 一.意义: 表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或重复发生的动作，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如：tomorrow , soon ,next Monday , next year , next weekend , this afternoon , this evening …… 二. 构成及变化 一般将来时常用的两种结构 be going to+动词原形: 表示打算、准备做的事或即将发生或肯定要发生的事。 shall／will+动词原形: 表示将要发生的动作或情况，没有太多的计划性, 还用来表示意愿第一种方式： 1. be going to +动词原形 1.肯定句 主语+ be(am /,is,/ are) going to +动词原形+其它成份 My sister is going to learn English next year. 我姐姐准备明年学英语。 2.否定句 主语+be（am / is / are）not going to +动词原形+其它成份 I am not going to（go to）the cinema tonight. 我今天晚上不打算去看电影。 3.一般疑问句 Be (am / is / are)+主语+going to+动词原型+其它成份…? Is your father going to play basketball with you ?No , he isn’t.你父亲打算和你去打篮球吗?不。 4.特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词(Wh-)+一般疑问句? Where are you going to spend Spring Fesital.? 春节你打算在哪过？ 5.注意: be going to 结构后面习惯上不跟go ，come 等表位移的动词，一般用该动词的进行时形式表示。如: He’s going to New York next week.下周他要去纽约. 第一种方式：will /shall +动词原形 （在书面语中，主语是第一人称时，常用shall ,在口语中，所有人称都可以用will） 1.肯定句主语+will/shall+动词原形+其它成份 I (shall) write to him next week. 下周我将给他写信。 2.否定句主语+ will /shall+ not + 动词原形+其它成份 They won’t watch TV this evening.今天晚上他们不看电视。 3.一般疑问句will/shall+主语+动词原形+其它成份 Will you stay at home with us tomorrow ？明天你和我们呆在家里好吗？ 4.特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词(Wh-) +一般疑问句 When will your father be back? 你爸爸什么时侯回来？ 附: Shall I /we …常用来征求对方意见，而问对方是否愿意，或者表示客气的邀请，常用Will you…?他们的回答比较灵活。 1．Shall we go to the park ? 肯定Sure , let’s go . 否定No , let’s go to the cinema. 2.Will you please come to my birthday party next week ? 肯定Yes, I will. / Sure .否定I’m sorry. I’m afraid I can’t.
英语时态总结(完整)
英语共有十六个时态、四个体。(注：四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行。） 英语中的四个体相当于法语、西班牙语以及所有印欧语系罗曼语族中的式,如：直陈式,命令式等。 (1）一般现在时 基本形式（以do为例): 第三人称单数:does（主语为非第三人称单数)； 肯定句：主语+动词原形＋其他; He worｋs fｏｒus． 否定句：主语＋don‘t／dｏeｓn＇t+动词原形+其他; Hｅdoesn'ｔwoｒk fｏr us. 一般疑问句：Ｄo/Does+主语＋动词原形＋其他。 肯定回答：Ｙes，(＋主语＋do/ｄoes）． 否定回答:Ｎｏ,（+主语+don't/ｄｏｅsｎ＇ｔ.） 特殊疑问句:疑问词＋一般疑问句语 Does hｅwoｒk for ｕs? Yｅｓ, he does. Nｏ, hｅdoｅsｎ't Whａｔdoeｓhe do ｆoｒus？ He wｏrｋs for us. （２）一般过去时 be动词+行为动词的过去式 否定句式:在行为动词前加didｎ‘ｔ,同时还原行为动词,或was／were＋ｎoｔ； ｗaｓ或wｅｒｅ放于句首;用助动词ｄo的过去式diｄ提问,同时还原行为动词例如:Did he ｗoｒk fｏｒus? He diｄn'ｔｗorｋｆor us. Hｅworkｅd for uｓ． （3）一般将来时 am／are／is+going to+ｄo 或 wｉll/sｈａll+dｏ aｍ/is/ａrｅ/about to +dｏ aｍ/is/areｔo + dｏ； 一般将来时的表达方法 be gｏinｇｔo+动词原形 be ＋不定式,beｔo+动词原形,be abouｔto +动词原形
小学英语语法时态讲解与归纳一般现在时讲课稿
小学英语语法时态讲解与归纳一般现在时
小学英语语法时态讲解与归纳 ~~ 一般现在时 一. 意义：表示经常发生的事情，动作或存在的状态 二. 构成及变化 1.be动词的变化。 肯定句：主语+be(am ,is ,are)+其它。 如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 2. 行为动词的变化。 l、当主语为第一，二人称及复数时，助动词为do 肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。如：We often play basketball after school. 否定句：主语+ don't+动词原形(+其它)。如：we don’t play basketball after school. 一般疑问句：Do +主语+动词原形+其它? 如： Do you often play basketball after school l? Yes, we do. / No, we don't.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句？ 如： What do you often do after school ? ２、当主语为第三人称单数时 , 助动词为does 肯定句：主语+动词三单式(+其它)。如： He swims well. 否定句：主语+ doesn’t+动词原形(+其它)。如：He doesn’t swim well.. 一般疑问句：Does +主语+动词原形+其它。 如：Does he swim well ? Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't. 特殊疑问句：疑问词+以does开头的一般疑问句？ 如： How does your father go to work? 三．第三人称单数的动词变化规则（只有在第三人称为主语的肯定句中，动词才用三单式） (1)多数动词直接加s: runs gets likes collets takes plays climbs……. (2)结尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前为辅音字母, 结尾加es :watches goes does washes brushes (3)动词末尾y前为辅音:将y改为i加es: study→studies fly→flies carry→carries cry→cries 但在y前如果为元音则直接加s:buys says
英语时态之将来完成时
英语时态之将来完成时 将来完成时 定义 将来完成时用来表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作。经常与before+将来时间或ｂｙ+将来时间连用,也可与ｂefｏre或ｂy the time或by th ｅeｎd of短语引导的现在时的从句连用。 构成 shalｌ+hａvｅ+过去分词用于第一人称，ｗill＋ｈave＋过去分词可用于所有人称。 实例 a. 状态完成:表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。并在将来完成。 b. 动作完成：表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作或已获得的经验。 Ｔｈey will ｈavｅbｅen marｒied foｒ20 yeaｒｓbｙtｈen. Yoｕwｉll havｅｒeacｈｅd Shａｎghai by this time tomorrow． 将来完成时的构成 将来完成时的构成是由＂shａll／wilｌ＋ｈave +过去分词"构成的。 Bｅfore lｏng hｅwilｌhaｖe fｏｒgotten ａll aboｕt thｅmaｔtｅr．不久他就会全然忘记这件事的。 He is somebody now. Ｈe willｎot haｖｅremｅmbeｒeｄhis old classmates.
他现在是一个有身份的人了,他可能不会记得老同学了。 Wiｌｌyoｕhavｅknown Keｖｉn fｏｒ１0 yeａrs ｎext monｔh？到下个月你认识凯文该有10年了吧？ 将来完成时的用法 ①表示在将来某一时间之前已完成的动作，并往往对将来某一时间产生影响。 Pｉck mｅup at 8 o'cｌｏｃk,I ｗill ｈａve hadｂｒeakｆaｓt by theｎ. 早上8点钟你来接我，到时我已经吃完早饭了。 Ｗe shａlｌhave ｌeａrned 12 ｕnits by tｈe eｎd ｏｆｔhiｓterm． 到这个学期末,我们将学完１2个单元。 By the tｉｍe you get hoｍｅI will haｖe cｌｅaｎｅｄtｈe house ｆrom top to botｔoｍ. 你到家之前我将把房子彻底打扫一遍。 ②表示推测，相当于＂must haｖｅｄone"结构。 Yoｕwill ｈavｅｈeard of this，Ｉｇuｅss. 我想你已经听说过这件事了。 Iａｍｓuｒe he will havｅｇot the inｆｏrmａtｉon． 我相信他一定得到了这个信息。 ③.表示某种状态一直持续到说话人所提及的时间。 Weｗiｌlｈaｖe beｅｎmarriｅd a year on June2５th． 到6月25日我们俩结婚就满1年了。
英语时态总结(完整版)
英语共有十六个时态、四个体。(注:四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行。) 英语中的四个体相当于法语、西班牙语以及所有印欧语系罗曼语族中的式,如：直陈式,命令式等。 (1）一般现在时 基本形式（以do为例）： 第三人称单数：dｏeｓ(主语为非第三人称单数); 肯定句:主语＋动词原形+其他； Ｈe ｗorｋsｆorｕｓ. 否定句:主语＋ｄoｎ‘ｔ/doｅｓn't+动词原形+其他； He doesn'ｔwoｒｋfor us． 一般疑问句:Do/Ｄｏｅs＋主语+动词原形+其他。 肯定回答：Yｅs，(＋主语+do/ｄｏeｓ）. 否定回答：No，(+主语＋doｎ＇t／ｄoｅsn＇t.) 特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句语 Does he work for us? Yeｓ, he doｅs. No，he doｅｓn't Ｗｈat does he do foｒuｓ？ Hｅworks fｏr us． （2)一般过去时 be动词+行为动词的过去式 否定句式:在行为动词前加dｉｄn‘t，同时还原行为动词,或was/ｗｅrｅ+noｔ; was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式diｄ提问,同时还原行为动词 例如：Ｄid hｅworｋfor uｓ? He ｄiｄn'ｔwｏrk for us. He ｗｏrｋｅd for us. (3)一般将来时 aｍ／ａre/ｉｓ+going ｔo+ｄo或 will/shａlｌ＋do am/ｉs/are/about ｔｏ+ｄo ａm／is／ａre to +ｄo; 一般将来时的表达方法 bｅgｏｉnｇto +动词原形 be ＋不定式,ｂe tｏ+动词原形，be about tｏ＋动词原形 be ａble to ＋不定式
高考英语 重难点语法讲解时态
高中英语语法——时态 一、概说：英语一共有十六个时态（8种基本时态 +8种合成时态）各个时态的构成法归纳如下:（以”write”为例） 二、考点聚焦 1、动词时态考查要点简述 （1）一般现在时考点分析 ①表示客观事实、客观规律和客观真理谚语格言等（不受时态限制） The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. Water boils at 100o C. He said that the earth turns round the sun. Actions speak louder than words. ②表示经常发生、习惯性的动作,与 every day, usually, once a week 等时间状语连用。 He goes to school on foot every day. We always care for each other and help each other. ③表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。如： I know what you mean. Smith owns a car and a house. All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School. ④在when 引导的时间状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。注意，此时，主句用将来时态，从句用一般现在时态表示将来。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。 If it is fine tomorrow, we will go to the countryside. I will write to her when I have time.
英语的16种时态
英语的16种时态 英语共有十六种时态，其表现形式如下(以study为例) 一般时 进行时 完成时 完成进行时 现在 study be studying have studied have been studying 过去 studied be studying had studied had been studying 将来 will study wil be studying will have studied will have been studying 过去将来would study would be studying would have studied would have been studying 时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。 1. 一般现在时 英语时态分为16种：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时，以及这四者的进行时、完成时和完成进行时。 用法：A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。 B) 习惯用语。 C) 经常性、习惯性动作。 例：He always helps others. （他总是帮助别人。） D) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持 主句、从句时态一致。 E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动 、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用 。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。 例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.（下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。） How often does this shuttle bus run? （这班车多久一趟？）
小学英语-一般现在时态语法讲解 全国通用
小学英语一般现在时态语法讲解 一、概念 1．表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。如：al ways, usually, often, sometimes, seldom （很少）, never（决不）, every day, at 8:30, on Sunday,in the morning等。 如：I always get up at 6:00 in the morning. 2．表示现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 如：She loves English very much. My sister can play the piano very well. 3．表示客观的事实。如：The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 4．格言或警句。如：Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 二、句子结构 1．如果句子主语的人称是I, we, you, they或复数名词时，动词用动词原形。 如：We often go home by bus. 2．如果句子的主语是第三人称单数，即：he, she, it 或单数名词时，动词要用第三人称的单数形式。
如：He often goes home by bus 三、动词的第三人称单数构成规则 1．一般情况下在动词的后面直接加“s”；如：work→works play→plays? rain→rains see→sees visit→visits 2．以o, x,s,sh, ch结尾的动词，在后面加“es”；如：do→does fix→fixes guess→guesses wash→washes teach→teaches 3．以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先把“y”改为“i”, 再加“es”；如：fly→flies study→studies carry→carries 4．不规则变化。如：have→has do →does 四、注意 在一般现在时的句子中，如果前面使用了助动词does, doesn’t, will, won’t, can, can’t, would, wouldn’t, must, mustn’t 等，尽管主语是第三人称单数，后面的动词用动词原形。 如：He doesn’t want to go shopping. He can sing the song. 五、一般现在时的一般疑问句 一般现在时的一般疑问句是把助动词do, 或does 放在句首来引导。 1、如果句子的主语是I, we, you, they或复数名词时，用do来引导，其余句子的位置不变。肯定回答：Yes,
初中英语语法知识—动词时态的全集汇编附答案解析(1)
一、选择题 1．— Who ________the classroom tomorrow, Tony? — Our group. A．will clean B．cleans C．cleaned D．clean 2．Miss Brown, we ______ cleaning our classroom. Can we go home now? A．finish B．finishing C．are finished D．have finished 3．— How about going for a drive, Mike? — One moment, please! I __________ cleaning our room soon. A．will finish B．have finished C．finish D．finishes 4．Come on, John! You are too slow! Look, the parade _________ for fifteen minutes! A．started B．has started C．has been on D．has been open 5．It’s 4:00 p.m. The students _____ in the pool. A．swim B．swam C．swims D．are swimming 6．Which of the following is right? A．He is used to live there. B．My main job is spreading the message about protecting the environment. C．I have borrowed the book from the library for two weeks. D．Kids under 18 are not allowed to drive. 7．— Morning, Mike! Did you sleep well last night? — Yes. I went to bed at 9:30 because there ______ a math test this afternoon. A．was B．will be C．is going to have 8．So rry, Jenny isn’t here. She________ up some lights in the garden. A．put B．puts C．is putting D．has put 9．Doctor Ray, as well as other scientists __________ trees for nearly 15 years, but they know only a little about them. A．study B．studies C．has studied D．have studied 10．—I called you at three yesterday afternoon, but you weren’t in. —I ________ a meeting at that time. A．had B．was having C．have had D．would have 11．The Great Wall (长城) ________ long and it ________ a long history (历史). A．has; is B．is; is C．is; has D．have; has 12．My grandfather ________ live in the countryside, but now he ________ living in the city. A．used to; used to B．was used to; gets used to C．used to; is used to D．was used to; used to 13．—How much is the ticket (票) to Central Park? —One ticket $40, and you can $80 for two persons. A．costs; pay B．cost; spend C．pay; spend D．spends; pay