人教版高中英语必修五Unit 1 Great scientists单元检测

英语人教版必修5 Unit 1Great scientists单元检测

Ⅰ．单项填空

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1．（2011江苏高考）—Are you still mad at her?

—Not really，but I can't ______ that her remarks hurt me.

A．deny B．refuse

C．reject D．decline

2．（2011辽宁高考）The exam results will be ______ on Friday afternoon.

A．put down B．put off

C．put up D．put away

3．—In this day and age，women can have children and jobs as well.

—I can't agree more.It's great to have the two ______.

A．linked B．related

C．connected D．combined

4．Your house is always so neat—how do you ______ it with three children?

A．manage B．serve

C．adapt D．construct

5．No matter how much money you have，it cannot ______ a healthy body.

A．compare B．fit

C．defeat D．match

6．（2012重庆高考）We're having a meeting in half an hour.The decision ______ at the meeting will influence the future of our company.

A．to be made B．being made

C．made D．having been made

7．（2012福建高考）Pressed from his parents，and ______ that he has wasted too much time，the boy is determined to stop playing video games.

A．realizing B．realized

C．to realize D．being realized

8．He always brings me a pretty gift ______ he comes to visit me.

A．by the time B．sometimes

C．every time D．at times

9．The doctor suggested that the girl ______ in order to lose weight.

A．must not eat less B．ought not to eat less

C．had better not eat less D．not eat less

10．（2012福建毕业班质检，28）The world is full of wonders，______ we open our eyes to see them.

A．if only B．as if

C．even if D．only if

11．（2012河北普通高考模拟）—How did she lose so much weight as expected?

—______ eating less，she jogged for several miles every day.

A．In spite of B．In addition to

C．Instead of D．Thanks to

12．（2012山东潍坊一模）This restaurant，______ by an old couple，has an inviting，homelike atmosphere that many restaurants lack.

A．owning B．having owned

C．owned D．to own

13．What do you think of the suggestion ______ by the expert?

A．put forward B．put up with

C．put off D．put out

14．We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that ______ for their son's bad performance at school.

A．are to blame B．is to be blamed

C．are to be blamed D．is to blame

15．（2012安徽合肥第一次质检）I don't know who invented ______ iPhone，but I think it is ______ useful invention.

A．the；a B．the；the

C．an；the D．an；a

Ⅱ．完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I work in a big company and many times we employees run into situations where there is a language barrier.

Last week while I was __16__，one of my coworkers twisted her wrist while __17__ something too heavy for her.She speaks little English and my Spanish is bad，__18__ we have never had a problem communicating.

I met her shortly after her __19__.Taking a look，I knew that a simple first aid __20__ was in order.With little understanding of what I was doing，she __21__ that I meant to help.So she handed me her arm and I __22__ it up before she left to see her doctor.

Today she came up to me when I was getting my breakfast.She hugged me without a __23__.When I asked why the wonderful affection，she __24__ said “Thank you for taking care of my arm when I got hurt.”I had __25__ about the incident.When I __26__，I saw that her arm was in a cast.She __27__ to tell me that her doctor told her putting ice on her injury was a __28__ thing but she never would have known to do it.

As she was telling me this，I saw how my __29__ act of kindness had had an impact on her.With me just taking a（n）__30__ minute out of my day to help her，I __31__ a friend.This time I opened my arms and hugged her.I was thankful to have such a __32__ because you see，this lady has __33__ me breakfast in the canteen every day for the last four years and I had never exchanged __34__ greetings and breakfast orders with her.

So reader，I reach out to you today and encourage you to pass on the __35__.You never know what a difference a simple act of kindness makes to a person.

16．A．on business B．at work C．on vacation D．in peace

17．A．attacking B．rescuing C．settling D．lifting

18．A．but B．or C．because D．as if

19．A．recovery B．disaster C．appearance D．injury

20．A．schedule B．experiment C．routine D．program

21．A．doubted B．wondered C．trusted D．preferred

22．A．took B．wrapped C．packed D．rolled

23．A．word B．warning C．sign D．gift

24．A．usually B．finally C．exactly D．simply

25．A．reminded B．forgotten C．settled D．concerned

26．A．turned around B．calmed down C．came up D．looked down 27．A．began B．stopped C．continued D．insisted

28．A．natural B．dangerous C．good D．useless

29．A．sudden B．random C．careless D．selfless

30．A．extra B．free C．short D．valuable

31．A．missed B．selected C．tested D．made

32．A．position B．moment C．power D．choice

33．A．charged B．hosted C．served D．heated

34．A．more than B．at least C．many more D．rather than

35．A．memory B．kindness C．experience D．happiness

Ⅲ．阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Michael Faraday was the son of a blacksmith.There were four children in his family and，with his father often ill and unable to work，Michael Faraday had to earn his living from an early age.This meant little or no schooling.However，the family belonged to a religious group，and Faraday learnt to read and write at Sunday School.

When he was only fourteen，Faraday found a job as a bookbinder（装订工）.He used to read the books he was given to bind and he became very interested in the scientific books，particularly the ones about electricity.His interest soon took a practical path and he began conducting his own experiments.These were very basic because Faraday had to make all of his equipment himself.However，he was very careful and kept a clear written record of all his findings.

One day he was given an entrance ticket to the Royal Institute chemistry lecture，given by Humphry Davy.Determined to work for this great scientist，he sent Davy a job application and included his laboratory reports on the experiments he had carried out.In 1813 Davy offered Faraday a job as one of his laboratory assistants.Faraday learnt quickly and soon was recognized as a very able analytical https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0715382974.html,ter he went to work at the Royal Institute.

Michael Faraday was，perhaps，the greatest practical scientist of the 19th century.As a chemist，he discovered the benzene（苯），which is now the focal point of chemical study.He also proved the relationship between electricity and chemical bonding（化学键合）.As a physicist，he invented the dynamo，which led to the later invention of the electric motor.He also discovered the effect of magnetism（磁）on light rays.

36．Why did Faraday attend Sunday School?

A．He had to work for a bookbinder at weekdays.

B．He hoped to read many of the scientific books there.

C．He would like to learn religious knowledge.

D．His family couldn't afford his normal school education.

37．When working as a bookbinder，Faraday ______.

A．published his great findings on electricity

B．made his own equipment for his experiments

C．read many books by Humphry Davy

D．gained his fame as a practical scientist

38．In order to get a chance to work for Davy，Faraday ______.

A．bought tickets to attend Davy's lecture

B．sent his experiment reports to Davy

C．went to the Royal Institute to visit Davy

D．offered to do laboratory work for free

39．Which of the following is the right order of Faraday's life?

a．A laboratory assistant.

b．A student of Sunday School.

c．A bookbinder.

d．An analytical chemist.

A．a-b-c-d B．b-c-d-a

C．b-c-a-d D．c-b-a-d

B

（2012山东潍坊三县市上学期联考）

After moving to the United States，immigrant groups trying to fit in tend to choose high-calorie fatty foods in an attempt to appear more American，a new study finds.That's one reason why immigrants approach US levels of obesity within 15 years of moving to America.

The researchers also did an experiment that measured whether or not the threat of appearing unAmerican influenced respondents' food choices.After being questioned about their ability to speak English,75 percent of Asian-Americans identified a typical American food as their favorite.Only 25 percent of Asian-Americans who had not been asked if they spoke English did

the same.

When their American identity was called into question during a follow-up study，Asian-American participants also tended to choose typical American dishes，such as hamburgers and cheese sandwiches.In that experiment,55 Asian-Americans were asked to choose a meal from a local Asian or American restaurant.Some participants were told that only Americans could participate in the study.Those who chose the more typical American fare ended up consuming an extra 182 calories，including 12 grams of fat and 7 grams of saturated fat（饱和脂肪）.

“People who feel like they need to prove they belong to a culture will change their habits in an attempt to fit in，”said Sauna Cheryan，an author of the study and assistant professor of psychology at University of Washington.“If immigrants and their children choose unhealthy American foods over healthier traditional foods across their lives，this process of fitting in could lead to poorer health，”Cheryan added.

Social pressures，the study concluded，are at the heart of the problem.“In American society today，being American is associated with being white.Americans，who don't fit this image even if they were born here and speak English，feel that pressure to prove that they're American，”said Cheryan.

40．The author wants to show that ______.

A．more and more Asians enjoy high-calorie snacks

B．immigrants tend to eat high-calorie food to appear more American

C．most Americans are at the risk of heart disease

D．all the American people have a bad eating habit

41．According to the survey，______.

A．Asian-Americans care less about their health

B．25 percent of Americans like junk food

C．choosing food is related to Asian-Americans' situation

D．immigrants are forced to eat junk food

42．The underlined word“fare”in Paragraph 3 most probably means “______”．

A．food offered as a meal

B．money paid for taking a bus

C．money spent on food

D．an arranged thing to do

43．According to Sauna Cheryan，______.

A．what immigrants have done is ridiculous

B．traditional American foods are healthier

C．immigrants risk their health in order to fit in

D．American culture affects immigrants deeply

Ⅳ．七选五阅读理解

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Does failure really exist?

If you believe you have failed，then you have.If you believe you don't have the ability to succeed，then you don't.__44__ The moment you decide to give up or stop working toward your goals，failure is born.

__45__

Most people give themselves an out without even realizing it.They are willing to work hard on reaching their goals，but only until the going gets too rough or their energy dies down.Don't do that！__46__ Never quit，never admit failure，and never lose heart.

Don't believe in a clear finish line for goals.

It's a good idea to set a general timeline（时间表），but remember that something will be beyond your control.__47__ If you lock yourself into a given timeline，you might make yourself feel like a failure!

Instead，get a general idea of when you'd like your goal to be completed.Then take it one

day at a time and focus on making progress instead of reaching the finish line in as little time as possible.

Be sure that you don't see difficulties as failures.

Difficulties mean only one thing：it's not time for your goal to be completed yet.That's it！It doesn't mean you failed；it doesn't mean you're weak；it doesn't mean you'll never achieve your goals.__48__ You've got to keep moving forward and find a way over，around，or through the difficulties.

A．Never give up on yourself.

B．Failure only exists in your own mind!

C．That's exactly how failure makes us feel.

D．It simply means you have not done enough yet.

E．You can never say exactly when your goal will be reached.

F．Make up your mind to make your goal happen，no matter what!

G．Work hard towards your goal，and you will be likely to get good results.

Ⅴ．短文改错

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Dear Mr.and Mrs.White，

I'm writing to you from my home in China.I returned back home safe and sound.When I think of the wonderfully two weeks I spend in Australia，I just can't help thinking of you.You has provided everything to make my staying here such a happy and lucky experience.I've learned so many，not only English and also culture.Thank you very much.I'll always remember the fun and laughter we shared each other as well as your kind.I'll get in touch with you and write to you often.Please take care!

Yours，

Wang Li Ⅵ．书面表达

假设你是高中二年级学生李明。市政府规划在你们学校附近建设一个自由市场，但这样会破坏你们学校的教学环境。请你代表学校给市长写一封信，劝告市政府改变规划，不要在你们学校附近建自由市场。

词数：100左右。

参考词汇：推动经济繁荣promote economic prosperity

参考答案

Ⅰ.

1.提示：考查动词辨析。第二句句意：不生气了，但我不否认她的话伤害了我。deny“否认”；refuse“拒绝”；reject“拒绝，谢绝，驳回”；decline “辞谢，谢绝”。

答案：A

2. 提示：考查动词短语辨析。put down“记下，放下”；put off “推迟，延期”；put up“张贴，挂”；put away“把……收起，放好”。句意：考试结果将在星期五下午张贴。故选C项。

答案：C

3. 提示：考查动词辨析。最后一句句意：把两者结合起来太好了。link“连接，联系”；relate“（把……）联系起来”；connect“连接，联结”；combine“（使）联合，（使）结合”。故选D项。

答案：D

4.提示：考查动词词义辨析。manage“管理，经营”；serve“服务，服役”；adapt“使适应，改编”；construct“创立，建造”。句意：你家总是那么整洁——你是怎样带着三个孩子打理得那么好的？由句意可知，A项正确。

答案：A

5.提示：考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论你有多少钱，它都不能与一个健康的身体相比。match意为“与……相匹配”，符合语境。compare作为“比较”之意时，不能直接接名词，通常后必须跟介词to或with；fit“（大小、尺寸等）适合”；defeat “击败”。

答案：D

6.提示：根据第一句“in half an hour”可知，会议还没有开始，因此决定还没有做出，只是将要做出，故排除B、C、D三项；动词不定式表将来，符合题意。句意：半小时后我们将举行一次会议，在会议上将要做出的决定会影响我们公司的将来。故选A项。

答案：A

7. 提示：考查非谓语动词。由于此处的并列连词and是连接两个分词短语，所以第二个空也应该选择非谓语动词。又主句的主语the boy与realize之间存在主动关系，故排除表示被动的B项和D项；动词不定式短语位于句首作状语时，多作目的状语，排除C项。此处用现在分词短语表示原因。故选A项。

答案：A

8.提示：考查时间状语从句。句意：每次他来看我时，他总是给我带一个漂亮的礼物。every time相当于一个从属连词，引导时间状语从句。by the time“到……时候为止”；sometimes ＝at times，意为“有时”。

答案：C

9.提示：考查虚拟语气。句意：医生建议这个女孩儿不应该为了减肥而吃得太少。suggest接宾语从句时表示“建议”，从句中应该用“should（not）＋动词原形”表示虚拟，should 可以省略。

答案：D

10.提示：句意：只要我们睁开眼去观察，世界就充满了奇迹。if only“要是……就好了”；only if“只要”。

答案：D

11. 提示：答句句意：除了吃得少，她每天慢跑几英里。in addition to“除了”。

答案：B

12.提示：考查过去分词作定语。restaurant与own之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词。

答案：C

13. 提示：考查动词短语。put forward“提出”；put up w ith“忍受”；put off“推迟”；put out“扑灭”。

答案：A

14. 提示：考查固定句式。sb.be to blame for sth.“某人对某事负有责任”；另外宾语从句的主语是Jack，因此用单数形式。

答案：D

15. 提示：句意：我不知道是谁发明了iPhone，但我认为它是一个有用的发明。第一个空表示类指，用定冠词；第二个空表示泛指，用不定冠词。

答案：A

Ⅱ.

16.提示：作者上班期间，一个同事伤了手腕。on business“出差”；at work“上班”；on v acation“度假”；in peace“在和平中”。

答案：B

17. 提示：同事因为提过重的东西受伤。lift“举起”；attack“进攻”；rescue“拯救”；settle“解决”。

答案：D

18.提示：前后句子有转折含义：尽管同事不会说英语，作者的西班牙语很差，但是她们交流没有什么问题。

答案：A

19. 提示：作者在同事受伤不久后遇到了她。injury“受伤”；recovery “恢复”；disaster“灾难”；appearance“出现”。

答案：D

20. 提示：作者意识到有必要进行常规的急救。routine“常规，例行的事”；schedule“时间表”；experiment“实验”；program“项目”。

答案：C

21.提示：尽管不知道作者在做什么，同事仍然相信是在帮自己。trust“相信”；doubt“怀疑”；wonder“想知道”；prefer“更喜欢”。

答案：C

22.提示：同事伸出胳膊，作者给她包扎。wrap“包裹”；pack“打包”；roll“滚动”。

答案：B

23. 提示：同事没说一句话就拥抱了作者。

答案：A

24. 提示：当作者问她为什么这么做的时候，她只是说谢谢作者在她受伤时给予的帮助。simply“仅仅”；usually“通常”；finally “最后”；exactly“确切地”。

答案：D

25.提示：从作者的询问可知她已经忘记了这件事。

答案：B

26.提示：作者低头去看同事的伤。look down“低头看”；turn around “转身”；calm down“平静下来”；come up“走上前来”。

答案：D

27. 提示：根据前文可知，同事是继续同作者说话。continue“继续”。

答案：C

28.提示：同事说以前医生说过在伤处敷冰块效果好，但她不知道这么做。

答案：C

29.提示：sudden“突然的”；careless“粗心的”；selfless“无私的”；random“偶然的”。

答案：B

30.提示：对于作者来说帮助她只不过是多花了一分钟，而结果却因此获得了她的友谊。extra“额外的”；free“自由的”；short“短暂的”；valuable“有价值的”。

答案：A

31.提示：根据本段末句可知过去作者和这位同事只不过是点头之交，而现在却彼此拥抱，成了朋友。

答案：D

32.提示：作者很感激有这样的时刻（可以和同事交流）。position“位置，职位”；moment“时刻”；power“权利，力量”；choice“选择”。

答案：B

33.提示：根据本段末句中的“...breakfast orders with her.”可知这位同事在餐厅工作。serve“服务，端（上饭菜等）”；charge“收费”；host“主办，招待”；heat“加热”。

答案：C

34.提示：以前作者和这位同事之间最多是打打招呼递过去餐单而已。at least“至少”；more than“不仅仅是，多于”；many more“更多”；rather than“而不是”。

答案：A

35.提示：从作者经历可知对他人的一个小小的帮助也会起到很大的作用，因此作者鼓励人们把这种“善意”传递下去。kindness“好心，友好行为”；memory“记忆”；experience“经历”；happiness“幸福”。

答案：B

Ⅲ.

A

36.提示：细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句可知法拉第家里很穷，他没法上学，再根据本段末句，可知法拉第只好在宗教学校上学。

答案：D

37.提示：细节理解题。根据第二段的“His interest s oon took a practical path and he began conducting his own experiments.”可知答案。

答案：B

38.提示：细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句话可知答案。

答案：B

39.提示：细节理解题。根据每段内容可知这些事件的先后顺序。

答案：C

B

40.提示：作者意图题。本文是一篇研究报道，第一段是文章的中心段，根据本段第一句中的内容可知作者意在表明移民倾向于食用高能量食物以便融入美国社会。

答案：B

41.提示：推理判断题。从第二段的研究可知，75%的被询问过英语能力的亚裔美国人将一种典型的美国食物看做他们的最爱，而只有25%的没有被询问是否说英语的亚裔美国人这样做，由此可推断选择食物与亚裔美国人的处境有关。

答案：C

42.提示：猜测词义题。结合上文中的“In that experiment,55 Asian-Americans were asked to choose a meal from a local Asian or American restaurant.”以及画线词后面的内容可推知画线词表示的是提供的食物。

答案：A

43.提示：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段后半部分中的内容可推断此人认为移民不惜以健康为代价去融入美国社会。

答案：C

Ⅳ.

答案：44～48 BAFED

Ⅴ.

答案：

Dear Mr.and Mrs.White，

I'm writing to you from my home in China.I returned home safe and sound.When I think of the wonderfully two weeks I spend in Australia，I just can't help thinking of you.You wonderful spent

has provided everything to make my staying here such a happy and lucky

have或去掉has there

experience.I've learned so many，not only English and also culture.Thank you very

much but

much.I'll always remember the fun and laughter we shared each other as well as your kind. I'll get in touch with you and write to you often.Please take care!

kindness keep

Yours，

Wang Li

Ⅵ．

参考范文：

Dear Mayor，

We strongly ask you and the government to consider changing your plan about the market to be built near our school.There is no doubt that building the market will promote economic prosperity and make things convenient for the people.However，the reason why you'd better change your plan is that it will have a bad influence on the teaching environment of our school.

First of all，it will bring about noise and air pollution，which will make us unable to pay attention to what the teachers say in class.Next，we will not feel safe since many strangers will be around our school.Besides，affected by this plan，some of the students are wondering if they will give up school and engage themselves in business.

In conclusion，we hope you will think about changing your plan.We are looking forward to your reply.

Yours sincerely，

Li Ming

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