学术写作中常用高级用词替换

常用词的学术替换

动词替换：

1.Improve 提高：

Promote: 促进AC之间的贸易promote the trade between A and C; He was promoted to senior manager in this company.

Advance: our understanding of human genetics has considerably(非常的，可换做vastly) advanced.

Enhance: the publi city has enhanced his reputation.这次宣传提高了他的名望

2.change 改变：

Transform:多指改头换面，完全改变，不能用于形容slight change。说到人口变化：the increasing population has transformed the landscape and structure of local industry structure.人口剧增改变了小镇的景色以及当地的工业结构

3.Emphasize 强调：

Highlight：the report highlight the decline in the numbers of native(可以换作local) plants and insects.

Stress: He stresses the need for parents to listen to their children.

Accentuate: the crisis accentuates the gap between rich and poor.

(highlight and emphasize 的区别：highlight是告诉人们重点，因而能够让别人注意，类似于老师勾重点；而emphasize则是使重点清晰，不管别人是否能注意得到。而stress则和emphasize差不多)

4.Develop培养：

Cultivate: cultivate the ability of … ；培养情操；cultivate a more relaxed and positive way towards life.

Nurture: 养育，同样可以指培养人才（talents）the sea nutures ample marine animals.

5.Break 破坏：

Impair：impair ability; 主要是破坏能力，莫乱用。

Undermine这个词也是指的是抽象意义上的破坏，有逐渐削弱之意，重点是循序渐进的过程。Undermine one’s ability/confidence/authority/position/credibility

Jeopardize: 不能乱用，破坏的东西要上一定的等级才能配上此词。比如Jeopardize the process of peace.破坏和平进程

Devastate特指毁灭、蹂躏the earthquake devastated the whole city.

6.Keep 保存

Preserve、Conserve 保护资源用的就是这个词，不要用protect，protect这个词用在保护具体的东西。

7.deal With解决

Tackle: tackle the problem.

Resolve: resolve dispute争论/conflict冲突/problem/issue/crisis危机；来自拉丁语，比较正式。

8.need 需要

Require：xxx requires courage and confidence.

Necessitate: 用法不简单，没有摸透。

call for（这也是个很高级的用法，奥巴马就用这个【我不晓得奥巴马咋个用的，原帖是这样

说的，并且call for也挺正式的】）：跟need一样的用法

形容词替换：

1.Everywhere 普遍的

Widespread: 随便用

Prevalent：Drug abuse is especially prevalent among teenagers.

Overflow：泛滥the garden is overflew with colors of flowers.

Rampant: 特指有害的东西泛滥，比如疾病，犯罪等，并且难于控制。

H1n1 Virus is rampant in the world.甲流世界泛滥

2.Good 好的（太多了）

Impressive, glorious, amazing, brilliant, incredible, attractive…

Beneficial（反义词：detrimental）the drug is beneficial to the immune system. Advantageous: 特指有益的。Advantageous industry：优势产业

3.Harmful 有害的

Unfavorable, horrible, disgusting

Inhumane: 没人性的

lousy (I’m fed up with the lousy job.)

severe (severe problem, illness, injuries.)

abysmal(低谷：their performance is abysmal.)

Detrimental: smoking is detrimental to your health.

Baneful: 现阶段用不到，文学作品里面的“邪恶”，完全诘屈聱牙。

4.Rich 富有的

Wealthy、Affluent、ample

There are a myriad of stars in the Milky Way. (银河系好多星星啊！！)

5.Poor 贫穷的

Impoverished（动词表示使贫穷：The great depression had impoverished many third world countries.）an impoverished student.

7.Serious 严重的

Severe

8.Obvious 明显的

Manifest: a manifest error judge明显判断失误; Adv. Manifestly .e.g. a manifestly unfair system.

Apparent、Evident

Patent: patent impossibilities. 显然不可能的事。

9.cheap 便宜的

Economical：经济的，不浪费，而不是单纯指某物便宜。经济适用房：economically affordable housing。

Inexpensive=cheap

Reasonable：价格合理的。Reasonable price

Affordable：能够支付的。

名词替换：

1.Forefather 祖先

Ancestor、Predecessor

2.Difference不同

Gap（简单但是牛）沟，generation gap——very common use in CET-4/6

Distinction: sharp/clear distinction between allergy and food intolerance (TBBT里面的Howard就有lactose intolerance，一吃peanuts就会肿，长荨麻疹rash哈哈。)

再想牛就用schism。比如“填平两个分支学科之间的分歧”heal the schism between clinical medicine and public health.(有本书就叫这个。)

3.Crime 犯罪

Delinquency：一般crime都用不到。指道德败坏，违法行为，为显示词汇量可以与crime 连用

Criminal Act：犯罪行为

4.Environment 环境

Circumstance：under the circumstances. 相当抽象的词，“情况”。

Surrounding：表示周围居住的环境，想当具体。Nearby可与之互换。The surrounding area. Atmosphere、Ambience：这两个词可替换，但是当atmosphere表示大气层的意思的时候则不能。

5.Pollution 污染

Contamination: 我觉得太装B了，他的pp还不错：contaminated water—特指被污染的水6.Human 人类

Individual/men/ones/以及一切表示工人，农民公务员等等的词

The human race

Humankind

Humanity：特别指出，用来表示人性。其他一概不要用。虽然也有人之类的意思。

7.Danger 危险

Hazard：化学、物理危害；隐患：polluted water is a hazard to wild life and nature；safety/nature hazard.

8.In modern society 在当今社会

In contemporary society

In present-day society

In this day and age（这是最牛的说法）

1. important =crucial (extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to be impo rtant)

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/078757484.html,mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)

3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)

4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)

5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to somethin g; ignore means no attention.)

6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)

7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORM AL)

8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)

9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)

10.top=peak, summit

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/078757484.html,petitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)

12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)

13.opinon=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)

14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation

15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish

16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/078757484.html,plain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)

18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental

19.relieve=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)

20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to),co mpel

21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/078757484.html,plex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)

23. Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her

24.small=minuscule(very small), minute,

25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)

26.hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughl y

27.difficult=arduous (if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)

28.poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted o n it)

29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)

30.show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)

31.big=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal(use this word, you emphasize somethin g’s large), tremendous(INFORMAL)

32.avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately avoid that something or keep awa y from it.)

33.fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something .)

34.attack=assault (physically attack someone), assail (attack violently

35.dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe (dislike very much)!

36.ruin=devastate (it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it.)

37.always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)

38.forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes), immutable(something immutable will ne ver change or be changed)

39.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonis h(the same as astound)

40.enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)

41.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)!

42.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)

43.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive

44.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)

46.respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. FORMAL)

47.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)

48.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)

49.hot=boiling(very hot50.dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to people's safety and

health)

51.nowadays=currently

52.only=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive;

53.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)

54.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)

55.result=consequence(the results or effects of something)

56.obvious=apparent, manifest

57.basedon=derived fromcan see or notice them very easily)

58.quite=fairly

59.pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)

60.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)

61.appear=emerge(come into existence)

62.whole=entire(the whole of something)

63.wet=moist(slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot)!

64.wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)

65.difficult=formidable

66.change=convert(change into another form)

67.typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example of something)

68.careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent(careful and sensible)

69.ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)

70.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)

71.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/078757484.html,e= utilize (the same as use)

73.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)

74.satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure and satisfaction)

75.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)

76.scholarship=fellowship

77.angry=enraged(extremely angry)

78.smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)

79.ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)

80.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive), absorbing(something absorbing can attract you

a great deal)

81.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things)

82.disorder=disarray, chaos

83.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)

84.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quic kly)

85.ordinary=mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)

86.despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)

87.best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)/

88.sharp=acute(severe and intense)

89.unbelievable=inconceivable(ifyou deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to h appen ^

90.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it)

91.method=avenue(away of getting something done)

92.famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful in their career)

93.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)

94.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it w ith something else)/

95.possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)

96.so=consequently, accordingly

97.rare=infrequent (doesn’t happen often

英语六级写作中常用词的替换词

英语六级写作中常用词的替换词 1) 大多数人most people→ the majority of the population 2) 经常often→frequently 3) 我相信I believe→ from my standpoint, from my perspective 4) 必须must→ it is a must for us to… 5) 知道know→ be aware of 6) 因为because→in that 7) 最后at last→eventually 8) 然而but→however 9) 如果if→provided that 10) 各行各业的人all kinds of people→people from all walks of life 11) 引起，导致lead to→contribute to 12) 人people→individuals 13) 好的good→desirable, beneficial 14) 怀的bad→undesirable 15) 很多many→ numerous 16) 越来越more and more→ a(n) increasing/mounting number of 17) 很very→extremely 18) 方面side→aspects 19) 表明show→demonstrate, indicate 20) 利用use→utilize 21) 因此/结果so→therefore 22) 部分part→proportion 23) 提高improve→enhance 24) 改变change→transform 25) 强调/重视emphasize→ attach great importance to 26) 培养develop→cultivate 27) 破坏destroy→undermine 28) 解决deal with →tackle /figure out 29) 普遍的everywhere→universal 30) 明显的obvious→apparent 31) 在当今社会in the modern society→in the current society 32) 使make→enable 5）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（强烈推荐）6）to start with, next, in addition, finally（强烈推荐）

四六级、雅思英语写作替换高级词汇汇总

1. important =crucial (extremelyimportant),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important) 2. common=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere) 3. abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants) 4. stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly) 5. neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.) 6. near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent) 7. pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL) 8. accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail) 9. vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people) 10. top=peak, summit

写作可替换词

四．附录（45大俗词） 1、people ，persons 替换为individuals，characters，folks Eg. While it was fine for early physicists to learn and understand the few laws and ideas that existed during their times, now, no one individual can possibly digest and assimilate all of the knowledge in any given area.（给大家一个长难句玩玩，过瘾吧！J） Eg. Folks around here will always lend a hand if you need it. 2、good 替换为positive，sound, decent, desirable, favorable，rosy，promising，perfect，pleasurable，excellent，outstanding等等 Eg. He is characterized by his decent language and decent behavior. Eg. He just accepted a desirable job in the film industry. Eg. The performance received a favorable review. Eg. People all over the world are longing for rosy finance-predictions. 3、bad 替换为dreadful，unfavorable，poor，adverse, undesirable, unpleasant等 Eg. Internet, the indispensible tool in modern life, often contains some undesirable messages. Eg. Departments concerned supposed to deal with this unpleasant matter in good time. Eg. This behavior had exerted some adverse impacts on the normal development of the society as a whole. 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive代替。 Eg. An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games，enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation, as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.

高中英语写作常用词替换词

常用词 可替换的高级词汇 1. He got good grades in his final exams achieve 2. The accident happened while she was at school occur 3. Most workers find It hard to live on the money they carn the maiority of 4. You,'ll soon get used to it adjust 5. They won't let you in without a ticket admit 6. When she heard the news, she got on the next plane for Chicago board 7. They sell a wide range of bikes broad 8. We have to do something now act 9. He soon got a reputation for being unfriendly acquire 10. The letter didn't arrive fail to

11. Luckily, no one was hurt fortunately 12. I often see him frequently 13. We still haven’t worked out how much it's all going to cost calculate 14. The journey took about seven hours approximately 15. I'm afraid he's not here at the moment. Can I take a message absent 16. They offered me the job and I took it accept 17. She’s trying to find somewhere to live accommodation 18. Do you want me to go with you to the station? accompany 19. Everyone was clapping and cheering applaud 20. The same problems come up every time arise 21. I didn't go to the parents meeting attend 22. They hid under the table

雅思写作常用同义词替换100个

雅思写作常用同义词替换100个 1. people=individuals 人们 (Those who) 2. many people=a majority of people = most of people大多数人 3. a lot of=a great deal of=plenty of 很多（修饰不可数名词） 4. a great number of=a large amount/quantity of=considerable amount o f= a large variety of很多（可数名词） 5. plentiful=abundant 丰富的，大量的 6. expensive=pricy 贵的 7. thing=item=goods 东西，物品 8. humans=human beings=human race=mankind 人类 9. benefit=conduce to=help=contribute to=aid to 有助于（动词） 10. harm=damage=endanger=undermine 危害（动词） 11. beneficial=helpful=conducive(rewarding)=do good to/be good for 有好处的（形容词） 12. harmful=detrimental=damaging有害的（形容词）

13. education=schooling 教育 14. think=believe=hold=maintain=consider=take for=agree认为 15. oppose=object to=be against=disagree 反对 16. support=be in favor of=be for 支持 17. as for me=as far as I am concerned=in the eyes of 对我来说 18. in my opinion=from my perspective=in my viewpoint=in my point of view=personally 我的观点是 19. as …develop(s)=with the development of...=with the progress of…=as…advances随着…的发展（注意什么时候用动词，什么时候用名词） 20. quickly=rapidly=at an amazing rate=at an staggering rate 很快（副词） 21. in addition=besides=furthermore=moreover=apart from=in spite of= Despite=what’s more 此外（提出新信息） 22. because=as=for=since 因为（加句子） 23. because of=due to=owing to=thanks to =attribute to 因为（加名词）

四六级写作常用词语高级替换词(四)(副词)

有道学堂四六级干货之写作常用词语高级替换（副词） 非常（very['ver?]） exceedingly[?k'si?d??l?] 【例句】The child has skipped to the third grade as he did exceedingly well in his studies. 【翻译】这孩子因成绩优异而越级升入三年级。 extremely[?k'stri?ml?] 【例句】He had been extremely tactful in dealing with the financial question. 【翻译】他在处理这个财务问题时很有分寸。 considerably [k?n's?d(?)r?bl?] 【例句】The need for sleep varies considerably from person to person. 【翻译】不同的人对睡眠的需要差异相当大。 尤其 (especially [?'spe?(?)l?]) specially ['spe??l?] 【例句】It will be hard to work today---specially when it’s so warm and sunny outside. 【翻译】今天无心工作——尤其是外面这样风和日丽。 notably ['n??t?bl?] 【例句】Some subjects are very popular among students, notably computer science. 【翻译】一些课程在学生当中是非常受欢迎的，尤其是计算机课。 particularly [p?'t?kj?l?l?] 【例句】Traffic is bad, particularly in the city center. 【翻译】交通状况很差，尤其实在市中心。 立即（immediately [?'mi?d??tl?]） directly [d?'rektl?] 【例句】Tell them I’ll be there directly. 【翻译】告诉他们我一会就到。 instantly ['?nst(?)ntl?] 【例句】The diplomat threw in a joke, and the tension was instantly relieved. 【翻译】那位外交官插进一个笑话,紧张的气氛顿时缓和下来。 promptly ['pr?m(p)tl?] 【例句】She promptly seized the opportunity his absence gave her. 【翻译】她立即抓住了因他不在场给她创造的机会。 明显地（clearly ['kl??l?]） obviously ['?bv??sl?] 【例句】Obviously, they've had sponsorship from some big companies. 【翻译】很显然，他们已经得到某些大公司的赞助。 apparently [?'p?r?ntl?] 【例句】Apparently they are getting divorced soon. 【翻译】看样子，他们很快就要离婚。 evidently ['ev?d(?)ntl?] 【例句】Ellis evidently wished to negotiate downwards after Atkinson had set the guidelines.

写作常用词语高级替换形容词篇

褒义形容词篇 重要的(important) vital['va?t(?)l] 【例句】She had found out some information of vital importance. 【翻译】她已经发现了一些至关重要的信。 crucial['kru??(?)l] 【例句】It is crucial that the problem is tackled immediately. 【翻译】立即着手解决这个问题是至关重要的。 prominent['pr?m?n?nt] 【例句】This considerable increase in investment played a prominent role in fueling economic growth. 【翻译】投资的较大幅度增加,对拉动经济增长发挥了明显作用。 cardinal['kɑ?d(?)n(?)l] 【例句】Respect for life is a cardinal principle of English law. 【翻译】尊重生命是英国法律最重要的原则。 优秀的(good) excellent['eks(?)l(?)nt] 【例句】She has always had a high reputation for her excellent short stories. 【翻译】她一直因其优秀的短篇小说享有很高的声望。 outstanding[a?t'st?nd??] 【例句】The girl who won the scholarship was quite outstanding. 【翻译】得奖学金的女孩是相当优秀的。 extraordinary[?k?str??dnri] 【例句】Her strength of will was extraordinary. 【翻译】她的意志力是非凡的。 remarkable[r?'mɑ?k?b(?)l]

英语四六级写作高级词汇替换低级词汇

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学术写作中常用高级用词替换

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还有一个表达情感时的词语替换表：

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