人教版高中英语选修六 Unit4 Global warming-语法篇(学生版)-word

Unit4 Global warming-语法篇

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1.掌握it在强调句中的用法；

2.能够利用这个语法点进行遣词造句并运用到写作中；

it的用法—强调句型

一、强调句型的基本用法

英语中常用的强调句型是：It is / was + 被强调部分(主语、宾语、状语) + that / who / whom + 其他部分。一般来说，被强调部分指人时，用who或whom，其他情况用that，但that也可指人。

现在用强调句型强调下面这个句子的主语、宾语和状语。

She met John at Mary’s birthday party last Sunday.

→It was she who / that met John at Mary’s birthday party last Sun day. (强调主语)

→It was John Whom / that she met at Mary’s birthday party last Sunday. (强调宾语)

→It was at Mary’s birthday party that she met John last Sunday. (强调地点状语)

→It was last Sunday that she met John at Mary’s birthday party. (强调时间状语)

温馨提示：

1.it为引导词，本身没有词义，仅起引导强调句式的作用；

2.若强调的主语是人时，常用who，间或用that，若强调的宾语是人时，多用whom / that；

3.在强调状语时，用that；

4.在强调结构时，无论被强调的是人还是物，是单数还是复数，be动词一律用单数形式is / was,

如果原句中的谓语动词是过去时态，就用was，若是现在时态或将来时态，就用is，

也可用情态动词+ be形式；

5. 判断一个句子是否是强调句型的方法：如果将句中的It is / was… that / who / whom…去掉，仍能

还原为一个完整的句子，那么此句就是强调句。否则，就是其他句型结构。

请比较：It was 2019 when he came back from the United States. (定语从句)

It was in 2019 that he came back from the United States. (强调句型)

6. 被强调部分若是句子的主语，that / who之后的谓语动词在人称和数上应与句子的主语保持一致。

eg：It is I that / who am your friend that will come to help you.

二、强调句型的几种较为复杂的结构形式

1.被强调部分为状语从句。

Eg: It was when Tom was eleven years old that his talent for writing became obvious.

2.被强调部分含有定语从句。

Eg: It was on July 4 th, 1975 when he was born that his father died.

3.not…until结构用于强调句型。

not…until作为被强调部分，起结构是：It is / was + not until…+ that + 其他部分。

Eg: It was not until his father came back that he went to bed.

4.强调句型的一般疑问句结构：Is / Was it + 被强调部分+ that + 其他部分。

Eg: Was it last year that his cousin joined the army?

5.强调句型的特殊疑问句结构：疑问词（被强调部分）+ is / was + it + that + 其他部分。

Eg: When was it that the accident happened?

Where was it that you lost your wallet?

1. (2019·南通二调)Do you know in what circumstances it was ________Jack achieved his goal?

A. that

B. how

C. where

D. when

2. (2019·厦门质检)She realized that it was not the words but the way she spoke to Bruce ________hurt him.

A. who

B. whom

C. which

D. that

3. (2019·安徽师大附中模拟)The police were seeking more information to find out ________ the rich merchant.

A. who it was that killed

B. who was it that killed

C. it was who killed

D. who was it killed

4. (2019·长沙四县一市3月联考)I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesn’t matter ________I’m talking to.

A. who is it that

B. who it is that

C. it is who that

D. it is whom that

5. (2019·银川、吴忠部分中学高三年级联考)From mother’s love, patience and understanding, I have learned what a huge responsibility ________is to raise a child.

A. it

B. which

C. that

D. this

基础演练

一、单项填空

1. It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village ________the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.

A. where

B. that

C. when

D. which

2. John’s success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work ________has made him what he is today.

A. why

B. when

C. which

D. that

3. —I’ve read another book this week.

—Well，maybe ________ is not how much you read but what you read that counts.

A. this

B. that

C. there

D. it

4. It was ________ he came back from Africa that year ________ he met the girl he would like to marry.

A. when; then

B. not; until

C. not until; that

D. only; when

5. It was after he got what he had desired________ he realized it was not so important.

A. that

B. when

C. since

D. as

6. He was told that it would be at least three more months________ he could recover and return to work.

A. when

B. before

C. since

D. that

7. It was for this reason________ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.

A. which

B. why

C. that

D. how

8. It was on the farm ________ he spent his childhood ________ he learned how to grow vegetables.

A. where; that

B. which; when

C. that; that

D. which; which

9. As is reported in the newspaper，it was________ that resulted in the terrible accident.

A. because of her carelessness

B. her being careless

C. because she was careless

D. she was so careless

10. When asked to explain________ he does to make his students so fascinated with his lessons，the teacher paused and thought deeply.

A. what it is that

B. that what it is

C. what is it that

D. that what is it

11. Is it Professor Li________ teaches you English?

A. which

B. whom

C. who

D. whether

12. It is I who________ going to Zhangjiajie.

A. is

B. was

C. am

D. are

13. Was it six years ago，when he came to China for the first time, ________ he began to learn Chinese?

A. where

B. how

C. which

D. that

14. —I can’t find Mr. Smith. Where did you meet him this morning?

—It was in the hotel________ he stayed.

A. that

B. which

C. the one

D. where

15. Many people now make________ a rule to buy cards for their friends before Christmas.

A. themselves

B. it

C. that

D. this

巩固提高

一、对划线部分进行强调

1. My mother met Tom in the street yesterday.

________________________________________________________________________

2. It didn’t stop raining until midnight.

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3. John gave Mary a handbag at Christmas.

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4. Jane has been living in London since she left China.

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5. Only in this way can you finish the work in time.

________________________________________________________________________

6. What the professor said had a great effect on us.

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7. Mary met a Canadian in the park last Sunday.

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8. The football match had to be put off because of the bad weather.

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二、用强调句型翻译句子

1. 病人需要的是更好的食物和更多的阳光。

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2. 你是在哪里找到的你丢失的那本书？

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3. 是你哥哥在那家公司工作吗？

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4. 直到昨天我才注意到这件事。

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5. 是他要去上海出差。

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三、短文改错

One day, while my friend and I was traveling through Germany, we were not very hungry but we only had a little money. We decided stop at a village market to buy something to eat. We choose the cheapest biscuits and ate it under a tree. We thought the biscuits were great.“Let’s got some more, ” I said, “They’re cheap and they really taste well.” My friend could read some German, but I couldn’t, and I gave her the biscuit bag to find the name. She looked at it and started to laugh.“How are you laughing?”I asked.“Because they’re dogs biscuits!”she said.

1.It was last year you taught me how to drive.

A. when

B. that

C. where

D. which

2. It was he said disappointed me.

A. that; what

B. what; that

C. what; what

D. that; that

3. It was in the factory produced TV sets our friend was murdered.

A. which; which

B. that; which

C. that; that

D. where; that

4. find my wallet, Tom?

A. Where did you that

B. Where was it you

C. Where have you

D. Where was it that you

5. It was not until 1920 regular radio broadcast began.

A. while

B. which

C. that

D. since

6. It is the ability to do the job matters, not where you came from or what you are.

A. one

B. it

C. what

D. that

7. It is these poisonous products can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching

muscles.

A. who

B. that

C. how

D. what

8. I feel it is your husband who for the spoiled child.

A. is to blame

B. is going to blame

C. is to be blamed

D. should blame

9. It was for this reason her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.

A. which

B. why

C. that

D. how

10. —Where was it the road accident happened yesterday?

—In front of the market.

A. when

B. that

C. which

D. how

11. It is who reasonable.

A. me; am

B. me; is

C. I; am

D. I; is

12. It was the dean walked by.

A. where

B. who

C. what

D. which

13. It was not until she had arrived home her appointment with the doctor.

A. did she remember

B. that she remembered

C. when she remembered

D. had she remembered

14. It was in Beihai Park they made a date for the first time the old couple told us their love story.

A. where; that

B. that; that

C. where; when

D. that; when

15. —Why was you lost all your keys?

—It was because of my carelessness.

A. that

B. what

C. it that

D. one

16. It was I met Mr. Smith in London.

A. many years that

B. for many years since

C. since many years ago when

D. many years ago that

17. Was Bill, played basketball very well, helped the blind man across the street.

A. that; that; who

B. it; that; that

C. it; who; that

D. this; who; who

18. Was it in 1969 the American astronaut succeeded landing on the moon.

A. when; on

B. that; on

C. when; in

D. that; in

19. Was it in this palace the last emperor died?

A. that

B. in which

C. what

D. he

20.Was it during the Second World War he died?

A. that

B. while

C. in which

D. then

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一、单项填空

1. The prices of this kind of wine________ from 10 yuan to 100 yuan per bottle.

A. ranged

B. differed

C. changed

D. separated

2. Every year I usually subscribe________ some magazines for my daughter to read.

A. to

B. for

C. at

D. in

3. —I am very tired.

—Then why not take a hot bath? A hot bath will surely________ you.

A. reward

B. rescue

C. remain

D. refresh

4. In fact, this is just a________ get-together, so there is no need to be so particular about your clothes.

A. casual

B. formal

C. concrete

D. desperate

5. The street was named after a great man in honour of his great________ to the city.

A. contributions

B. advance

C. progress

D. position

6. Practising Chinese kung fu can not only ________ one’s strength, but also develop one’s character.

A. bring up

B. take up

C. build up

D. pull up

7. Let’s make good use of our energy and________ wasting water, electricity, paper, and so on.

A. keep on

B. result in

C. be opposed to

D. appeal to

8. I would rather not________ Mary until I am quite sure that she is trustworthy.

A. depend on

B. attend to

C. wait on

D. apply to

9. Large quantities of solid fuel________ consumed every day and too much carbon dioxide is sent into the air, which in turn________ the going up of temperature.

A. is; results in

B. are; results in

C. is; leads to

D. are; results from

10. We’re old friends. Be frank. ________you want me to do for you?

A. What is it that

B. What it is that

C. How is it that

D. How it is that

11. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt________ a cure for AIDS will be found.

A. which

B. what

C. that

D. whether

12. You may use the room as you like ________ you clean it up afterwards.

A. so far as

B. so long as

C. in case

D. even if

13. I would appreciate________ if you could come over to have a chat with me.

A. that

B. this

C. it

D. one

14. It is the young man________ looked for________ caught the murderer.

A. that; who

B. that; they

C. they; that

D. they; which

15. —Go for a picnic this weekend, OK?

—________.I love getting close to nature.

A. I don’t think so

B. I believe not

C. I couldn’t agree more

D. I am afraid not

16. The employee couldn’t________ the pressure of the work, so that he chose to leave the company.

A. get rid of

B. put up with

C. keep away from

D. make up for

17. He slipped and broke his leg the other day.________, he’ll have to be away from school for two or three months.

A. As a consequence

B. In return

C. In turn

D. As a result of

18. ________ all my colleagues, I’d like to show all my sincere thanks to you for your devotion to our research.

A. In case of

B. In memory of

C. In honor of

D. On behalf of

19. I’m in favor of the plan________ though I’m not entirely for it.

A. on the whole

B. on the other hand

C. in a word

D. in other words

20. The education of ________ young has become ________ hot and serious topic in the present society.

A. the; /

B. a; the

C. /; the

D. the; a

二、完形填空

The first day of school our professor introduced himself and challenged us to get to know a new classmate. I __21__ to look around when a gentle hand __22__ my shoulder. I turned around to find a wrinkled, little __23__ lady looking up at me with a smile.

She said, “Hi, my name is Rose. I’m eighty-seven years old. Can I give you a hug?” I laughed and

__24__ responded, “Of course you may！” and she gave me a giant (巨大的) squeeze.

“Why are you in college at such __25__?” I asked.“I always __26__ having a college education and now I’m getting __27__!” she told me.

Later, we became close friends. Every day we would leave class together and she __28__ her wisdom and experience with me. Over the __29__ of the year, Rose became a campus icon and she __30__ made friends wherever she went.

At the __31__ of the semester we invited Rose to speak at our football banquet (宴会). I’ll __32__ forget what she taught us. When she was introduced, frustrated and a little embarrassed, she cleared her

__33__ and said, “We do not stop playing because we are old；we __34__ old because we stop playing. There are only two secrets to staying __35__, being happy, and achieving success. You have to __36__ and find humor every day. You’ve got to have a dream. When you __37__ your dreams, you die.”

One week after graduation Rose died __38__ in her sleep. Many college students attended her funeral in tribute to (悼念) the wonderful woman who taught __39__ example that it’s never too __40__ to be all you can possibly be.

21. A. lay down B. stood up C. fell off D. went out

22. A. touched B. felt C. wounded D. clapped

23. A. beautiful B. young C. old D. kind-hearted

24. A. sadly B. coldly C. absently D. enthusiastically

25. A. age B. speed C. point D. year

26. A. talked about B. tried out C. looked forward D. dreamed of

27. A. those B. one C. that D. they

28. A. learned B. told C. shared D. debated

29. A. course B. path C. distance D. road

30. A. easily B. rarely C. unwillingly D. strangely

31. A. middle B. beginning C. end D. top

32. A. ever B. never C. still D. already

33. A. throat B. face C. nose D. eyes

34. A. grow B. prove C. look D. stay

35. A. rich B. healthy C. cheerful D. young

36. A. eat B. cry C. laugh D. shout

37. A. have B. lose C. get D. keep

38. A. bitterly B. fortunately C. peacefully D. hopefully

39. A. to B. for C. in D. by

40. A. early B. bad C. good D. late

三、阅读理解：

Mr. Peter Johnson, aged twenty-three, battled for half an hour to escape from his trapped car yesterday when it landed upside down in three feet of water. Mr. Johnson took the only escape route—through the boot (行李箱).

Mr. Johnson’s car had finished up in a ditch (沟渠) at Romney Marsin, Kent, after skidding on ice and hitting a bank.“Fortunately, the water began to come in only slowly, ” Mr.Johnson said.“I couldn’t force the doors because they were jammed against the walls of the ditch and dared not open the windows because I knew water would come flooding in.”

Mr. Johnson, a sweet salesman of Sitting Home, Kent, first tried to attract the attention of other motorists by sounding the horn and hammering on the roof and boot. Then he began his struggle to escape.

Later he said, “It was really a half penny that saved my life. It was the only coin I had in my pocket and I used it to unscrew the back seat to get into the boot. I hammered desperately with a hammer trying to make someone hear, but no help came.”

It took ten minutes to unscrew the seat, and a further five minutes to clear the sweet samples from the boot. Then Mr. Johnson found a wrench and began to work on the boot lock. Fifteen minutes passed by.“It was the only chance I had. Finally it gave, but as soon as I moved the boot lid, the water and mud poured in.

I forced the lid down into the mud and scrambled clear as the car filled up.”

His hands and arms cut and bruised (擦伤), Mr. Johnson got to Beckett Farm nearby, where he was looked after by the farmer’s wife, Mrs. Lucy Bates. Huddled in a blanket, he said, “That thirty minutes seemed like hours.” Only the tips of the car wheels were visible, police said last night. The vehicle had sunk into two feet of mud at the bottom of the ditch.

1. What is the best title for this newspaper article?

A. The Story of Mr. Johnson, a Sweet Salesman

B. Car Boot Can Serve As the Best Escape Route

C. Driver Escaped Through Car Boot

D. The Driver Survived a Terrible Car Accident

2. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Mr. Johnson’s car stood on its boot as it fell down.

B. Mr. Johnson could not escape from the door because it was full of sweet jam.

C. Mr. Johnson’s car accident was partly due to the slippery road.

D. Mr. Johnson struggled in the pouring mud as he unscrewed the back seat.

3. The underlined part “Finally it gave” in Paragraph 5 means that________.

A. Luckily the door was torn away in the end

B. At last the wrench went broken

C. The lock came open after all his efforts

D. The chance was lost at the last minute

4. It may be inferred from the passage that________.

A. the ditch was along a quiet country road

B. the accident happened on a clear warm day

C. the police helped Mr.Johnson get out of the ditch

D. Mr.Johnson had a tender wife and was well attended

Planetary changes which will have an influence on many are drawing near because of the poor ecological state of the planet. Actually change has already begun through climate changes, but most humans haven’t noticed this yet. Climate changes have begun to influence the world already and will begin to worsen within the next few years. Around 2019 most people will begin to see that the results of climate changes will be far more serious than now understood.

As the planet is under big geological (地质的) stresses, which are continuously increasing, it will in the future no longer be able to support its population. Scarcity (缺乏) of resources, over-farming, lack of clean air, not enough clean drinking water and drought are some of the issues that will all play a much greater role in the near future.

Humans have caused large ecological devastation (破坏). The lifestyles of many people are improving

at a fast speed; however, this will finally result in a lack of some precious resources. When this scarcity begins to happen, people will no longer be able to have sustainable (可持续的, 可支撑的) lifestyles.

It’s important to understand that everyone plays a role in the whole process of life. Each person’s decision can finally affect the future. These decisions, all combined, can have a very good effect on what the future will be like for humans. So the future depends on the choices we make at the present moment.

While more and more people are becoming aware of climate change and other environmental problems related to global warming, not all are fully understanding how far-reaching its effects will be. Unfortunately, most of the humans are aware that the planet isn’t functioning well, but they don’t understand that this is creating a major problem for the future survival of humans.

So, every person should make the necessary changes to reduce their influence on the environment and help create a more sustainable future.

1. What is the best title for the passage?

A. The Causes of Planetary Changes

B. The Influence of Ecological Development

C. The Ways of Building a Sustainable Future

D. Environmental Damage and the Human Future

2. It can be known from the first paragraph that________.

A. planetary changes are caused by global warming

B. climate changes will affect the life of humans soon

C. the ecological state of the earth has been destroyed

D. most people don’t realize the dangers of climate ch anges

3. What opinion does the author most probably hold?

A. Humans shouldn’t try to improve their lifestyles.

B. The future we’ll have depends on every one of us.

C. The ecological devastation is coming to a stop soon.

D. The future of humans can be determined ahead of time.

4. The author’s attitude in this text is________.

A. indifferent

B. negative

C. serious

D. humorous

四、书面表达

你校为提高学生的环保意识和英语水平，在校园网上创办了一个名为“全球变暖，你能做什么？”的英语论坛。请你写一篇英语短文参与讨论，谈谈你对全球变暖的看法和在改善环境方面的经验。

注意：1.从现实出发，认真观察身边小事；

2. 举例说明改善环境的具体行动；

3. 行文流畅，语言连贯，无语法错误；

4. 词数100～120。

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(完整版)新课标人教版高中英语选修6单词-中文

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人教版高中英语选修6重点词汇、短语、句型、语法大全

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