2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第2套)

2015年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（第2套）

Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Listening is more important than talking.”You can cite examples to illustrate the

important of paying attention to others’ opinions. You should write at least 120 words

but no more than 180 words.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.

Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each

question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices

marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the

corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1. A) The agenda for the board of directors’ meeting.

B) The details of the meeting to be held next week.

C) The reason for the man’s absence from the meeting.

D) The time for the man’s visit to the woman’s company.

2. A) At a travel agency. C) In a library.

B) At a department store. D) In a post office.

3. A) He cannot hear the woman’s call.C) He cannot recall the phone number.

B) He cannot get through to New York. D) He cannot find a public phone nearby.

4. A) Watch a movie with the woman. C) Do some shopping with Jane.

B) Revise his thesis in the office. D) Discuss his thesis with Prof Hudson.

5. A) He just cannot work properly without a watch.

B) He has no idea where he can buy a gold watch.

C) He still does not know where he left his watch.

D) He is not sure what went wrong with his watch.

6. A) He forgot all about what he said. C) He was sorry for being off sick last week.

B) He slipped and hurt his head. D) He thought the woman’s ca r had been sold

7. A) She should try to catch an earlier bus. C) She is always making excuses for being late.

B) She is absent from his class too often. D) She should come up with a better excuse.

8. A) He is going to help the woman out. C) He is on his way to sec a real estate agent.

B) He has to move out of the building soon. D) He will stay with the woman’s brother.

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

9. A) From some of her friends. C) From a telephone directory.

B) From the wanted column. D) From a television commercial.

10. A) She finished her secondary school.

B) She studied in a vocational college.

C) She graduated from an open university.

D) She received full-time education abroad.

11. A) She teaches an evening class. C) She is a policewoman.

B) She works as a tour guide. D) She is a shorthand-typist.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

12. A) It was interrupted for four years.

B) It has been off and on for ten years.

C) It helps enlarge his customer network.

D) It provides him with career opportunities.

13. A) Traditional setting. C) Social games.

B) Individualized service. D) Home-made beer.

14. A) The quality of beer. C) The atmosphere.

B) The owner’s a ttitude. D) The right location.

15. A) It makes retirees feel useful. C) It is a profitable business.

B) It helps old people kill time. D) It is a rather tough job.

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.

After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices

marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1

with a single line through the centre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Passage One

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16. A) It helps the user to escape reality. C) It hurts a person and those around them

B) It is becoming increasingly popular. D) It gives rise to serious social instability.

17. A) They take drugs to get high. C) They use drugs as medicine.

B) They use drugs just for fun. D) They keep drug use a secret.

18. A) It is fatal to the user.

B) It is hard to get rid of.

C) It is the cause of various social problems.

D) It is quite common in entertainment circles.

Passage Two

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.

19. A) Taking up exercises after recovery. C) Going on a diet upon leaving the hospital.

B) Finding new ways to cure heart disease. D) Producing tasty healthy frozen food.

20. A) It was carefully tested with consumers.

B) It was disapproved by many diet experts.

C) It was promoted by health organizations.

D) It was highly expected by the general public.

21. A) Competitive price. C) Low expectations.

B) Vigorous promotion. D) Unique ingredients.

22. A) It has a positive implication for consumers.

B) It tricks the elders into impulse purchasing.

C) It matches the food’s dark green packaging.

D) It was suggested by the firm’s vice-president.

Passage Three

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

23. A) It will be abolished sooner or later.

B) It is practiced in most of the states.

C) It has to be approved by the Supreme Court.

D) It has drawn a lot of criticism from overseas.

24. A) What effect it might have on youngsters.

B) What type of criminals should receive it.

C) Whether there should be a minimum age limit for execution.

D) Whether the practice should be allowed to continue in future.

25. A) The court sentenced him to life in prison for killing two friends

B) The governor changed his death sentence to life in prison.

C) He was the first minor to be executed in South Carolina.

D) He was sentenced to death for a crime he committed as a minor.

Section C

Directions:In this section, you mil hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is

read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words

you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should

check what you have written.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Some people borrow money and “forget” to pay it ba ck.

Large loans are seldom the issue; they are usually treated as business (26) with the terms spelled out on paper. But many women suffer (27) over problems like Carol’s. “My friend Ginny is always (28) cash,” she says. “I hate to recall how often I’ve ‘loaned’ her a dollar or two for a drink or a movie. Each loan is so small I’d feel really cheap making a big deal out of it; still, I do (29) the fact that she never pays me back.”

Carol admits to being “too (30) or someth ing” to demand repayment, but she has resolved to stop lending money to Ginny. “The last time she asked for five dollars to pay for her dry cleaning, I just told her I couldn’t (31) it.”

Another woman suggests a bolder (32) . “When somebody re fuses to repay a loan, I

(33) by requesting one myself,” she says. ‘“I left home without my wallet,’ I’ll say. ‘Can you lend me enough to cover lunch?’ Then, when the money is safely in hand, I am struck by a sudden (34). Why, this is exactly the amount I loaned you last week! How (35) ! Now you won’t have to repay me!”’ She says it works like a charm.

Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A

Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the

passage. Read the Passage through carefully before making your choices. Each

choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for

each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use

any of words in the bank more than once.

Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

Scholars of the information society are divided over whether social inequality decreases or increase in an information-based society. However, they generally agree with the idea that in-equality in the information society is 36 different from that of an industrial society. As informatization progresses in society, the cause and structural nature of social inequality changes as well.

It seems that the information society 37 the quantity of information available to the members of a society by revolutionizing the ways of using and exchanging information. But such a view is a 38 analysis based on the quantity of information supplied by various forms of the mass media. A different 39 is possible when the actual amount of information 40 by the user is taken into account. In fact，the more information 41 throughout the entire society, the wider the gap becomes between “information haves” and “information have-nots,” leading to digital divide.

According to recent studies, digital divide has been caused by three major 42 : class, sex, and generation. In terms of class, digital divide exists among different types of workers and between the upper and middle classes and the lower class. With 43 to sex, digital divide exists between men and women. The greatest gap, however, is between the Net-generation, 44 . with personal computers and the Internet, and the older generation, 45 to an industrial society.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.

Each Statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the

paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph

more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by

marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Joy: A Subject Schools Lack

Becoming educated should not require giving up pleasure.

A) When Jonathan Swift proposed, in 1729, that the people of Ireland eat their children, he

insisted it would solve three problems at once: feed the hungry masses, reduce the population during a severe depression, and stimulate the restaurant business. Even as a satire (讽刺), it seems disgusting and shocking in America with its child-centered culture. But actually, the country is closer to his proposal than you might think.

B) If you spend much time with educators and policy makers, you’ll hear a lot of the following

words: “standards,” “results,” “skills,” “self-control,” “accountability,” and so on. I have visited some of the newer supposedly “effective” schools, where children shout slogans in order to learn self-control or must stand behind their desk when they can’t sit still.

C) A look at what goes on in most classrooms these days makes it abundantly clear that when

people think about education, they are not thinking about what it feels like to be a child, or what makes childhood an important and valuable stage of life in its own right.

D) I’m a mother of three, a teacher, and a developmental psychologist. So I’ve watched a lot of

children-talking, playing arguing, eating, studying, and being young, Here’s what I’ve come to understand. The thing that sets children apart from adults is not their ignorance, not their lack of skills. It’s their enormous capacity for joy. Think of a 3-year-old lost in the pleasures of finding out what he can and cannot sink in the bathtub, a 5-year-old beside herself with the thrill of putting together strings of nonsensical words with her best friends, or an 11-year-old completely absorbed in a fascinating comic strip. A child’s ability to become deeply absorbed in something, and derive intense pleasure from that absorption, in something adults spend the rest of their lives trying to return to.

E) A friend told me the following story. One day, when he went to get his 7-year-old son from

soccer practice, his kid greeted him with a downcast face and a sad voice. The coach bad criticized him for not focusing on his soccer drills. The little boy walked out of the school with his head and shoulders hanging down. He seemed wrapped in sadness. But just before he reached the car door, he suddenly stopped, crouching (蹲伏) down to peer at something on the sidewalk. His face went down lower and lower, and then, with complete joy he called out, “Dad, Come here. This is the strangest bug I’ve ever seen. It has, like, a million legs. Look at this. It’s amazing.” He looked up at his father, his features overflowing with energy and delight. “Can’t we stay h ere for just a minute? I want to find out what his does with all those legs. This is the coolest ever.”

F) The traditional view of such moments is that they constitute a charming but irrelevant

byproduct of youth-something to be pushed aside to make room for important qualities, like perseverance (坚持不懈), obligation, and practicality. Yet moments like this one are just the

kind of intense absorption and pleasure adults spend the rest of their lives seeking. Human lives are governed by the desire to experience joy. Becoming educated should not require giving up joy but rather lead to finding joy in new kinds of things: reading novels instead of playing with small figures, conducting experiments instead of sinking cups in the bathtub, and debating serious issues rather than stringing together nonsense words, for example. In some cases, schools should help children find new, more grown-up ways of doing the same things that are constant sources of joy: making art, making friends, making decisions.

G) Building on a child’s ability to feel joy, rather than pushing it aside, wouldn’t be that hard. It

would just require a shift in the education world’s mindset (思维模式). Instead of trying to get children to work hard, why not focus on getting them to take pleasure in meaningful, productive activity, like making things, working with others, exploring ideas, and solving problems? These focuses are not so different from the things in which they delight.

H) Before you brush this argument aside as rubbish, or think of joy as an unaffordable luxury in

a nation where there is awful poverty, low academic achievement, and high dropout rates,

think again. The more horrible the school circumstance, the more important pleasure id to achieving any educational success.

I) Many of the assignments and rules teachers come up with, often because they are pressured

by their administrators, treat pleasure and joy as the enemies of competence and responsibility. The assumption is that children shouldn’t chat in the classroom because it hinders hard work; instead, they should learn to delay gratification (快乐) so that they can pursue abstract goals, like going to college.

J) Not only is this a boring and awful way to treat children, it makes no sense educationally.

Decades of research have shown that in order to acquire skills and real knowledge in school, kids need to want to learn. You can force a child to stay in his or her seat, fill out a worksheet, or practice division. But you can’t force the child to think carefully, enjoy books, digest complex information, or develop a taste for learning. To make that happen, you have to help the child find pleasure in learning-to see school as a source of joy.

K) Adults tend to talk about learning as if it were medicine; unpleasant, but necessary and good for you. Why not instead think of learning as if it were food—something so valuable to humans that they have evolved to experience it as a pleasure?

L) Joy should not be trained out of children or left for after-school programs. The more difficult

a child’s life circumstances, the more important it is for that child to find joy in his or her

classroom. “Pleasure” is not a dirt word. And it doesn’t run counter to the goals of public education. It is, in fact, the precondition.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

46. It will not be difficult to make learning a source of joy if educators change their way of

thinking.

47. What distinguishes children from adults is their strong ability to derive joy from what they

are doing.

48. Children in America are being treated with shocking cruelty.

49. It is human nature to seek joy in life.

50. Grown-ups are likely to think that learning to children is what medicine is to patients.

51. Bad school conditions make it all the more important to turn learning into a joyful

experience.

52. Adults do not consider children’s feelings when it comes to education.

53. Administrators seem to believe that only hard work will lead children to their educational

goals.

54. In the so-called “effective” schools, children are taught self-control under a set of strict rules.

55. To make learning effective, educators have to ensure that children want to learn.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)

and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on

Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions s6 to 60 are based on the following passage.

When it’s five o’clock, people leave their office. The length of the workday, for many workers is defined by time. They leave when the clock tells them they’re done.

These days, the time is everywhere: not just on clocks or watches, but on cell-phones and computers. That may be a bad thing, particularly at work. New research shows that clock-based work schedules hinder morale (士气) and creativity.

Clock-timers organize their day by blocks of minutes and hours. For example: a meeting from 9 a.m. to 10 a.m., research from 10 a.m. to noon, etc. On the other hand, task-timers have a list of things they want to accomplish. They work down the list, each task starts when the previous task is completed. It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning.

What, then, are the effects of thinking about time in these different ways? Does one make us more productive? Better at the tasks at hand? Happier? In experiments conducted by Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier, they had participants organize different activities—from project planning, holiday shopping, to yoga—by time or to-do list to measure how they performed under “clock time” vs “task time.” They found clock timers to be more efficient but less happy because they felt little control over their lives. Task timers are happier and more creative, but less productive. They tend to enjoy the moment when something good is happening, and seize opportunities that come up.

The researchers argue that task-based organizing tends to be undervalued and under-

supported in business culture. Smart companies, they believe, will try to bake more task-based planning into their strategies.

This might be a small change to the way we view work and the office,but the researchers argue that it challenges a widespread characteristic of the economy: work organized by clock time. While most people will still probably need,and be,to some extent,clock-timers, task-based timing should be used when performing a job that requires more creativity. It’ll make those tasks easier, and the task-doers will be happier.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

56. What does the author think of time displayed everywhere?

A) It makes everybody time-conscious.

B) It is a convenience for work and life.

C) It may have a negative effect on creative work.

D) It clearly indicates the fast pace of modern life.

57. How do people usually go about their work according to the author?

A) They combine clock-based and task-based planning.

B) They give priority to the most urgent task on hand.

C) They set a time limit for each specific task.

D) They accomplish their tasks one by one.

58. What did Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier find in their experiments about clock-timers?

A) They seize opportunities as they come up.

B) They always get their work done in time.

C) They have more control over their lives.

D) They tend to be more productive.

59. What do the researchers say about today’s business culture?

A) It does not support the strategies adopted by smart companies.

B) It does not attach enough importance to task-based practice.

C) It places more emphasis on work efficiency than on workers’ lives.

D) It aims to bring employees’ potential and creativity into full play.

60. What do the researchers suggest?

A) Task-Abased timing is preferred for doing creative work.

B) It is important to keep a balance between work and life.

C) Performing creative jobs tends to make workers happier.

D) A scientific standard should be adopted in job evaluation.

Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

Martha Stewart was charged, tried and convicted of a crime in 2004. As she neared the end of her prison sentence, a well-known columnist wrote that she was “paying her dues,” and that “there is simply no reason for anyone to attempt to deny her right to start a new.”

Surely, the American ideal of second chances should not be reserved only for the rich and powerful. Unfortunately, many federal and state laws impose post-conviction restrictions on a

shockingly large number of Americans, who are prevented from ever fully paying their debt to society.

At least 65 million people in the United States have a criminal record. This can result in severe penalties that continue long after punishment is completed.

Many of these penalties are imposed regardless of the seriousness of the offense or the person’s individual circumstances. Laws can restrict or ban voting, access to public housing, and professional and business licensing. They can affect a person’s ability to get a job and qualification for benefits.

In all,more than 45,000 laws and rules serve to exclude vast numbers of people from fully participating in American life.

Some laws make sense. No one advocates letting someone convicted of pedophilia (恋童癖) work in a school. But too often collateral (附随的) consequences bear no relation to public safety. Should a woman who possessed a small amount of drugs years ago be permanently unable to be licensed as a nurse?

These laws are also counterproductive, since they make it harder for people with criminal records to find housing or land a job, two key factors that reduce backsliding.

A recent report makes several recommendations, including the abolition of most post-conviction penalties, except for those specifically needed to protect public safety. Where the penalties are not a must, they should be imposed only if the facts of a case support it.

The point is not to excuse or forget the crime. Rather, it is to recognize that in America’s vast criminal justice system, second chances are crucial. It is in no one’s interest to kee p a large segment of the population on the margins of society.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

61. What does the well-known columnist’s remark about Martha Stewart suggest?

A) Her past record might stand in her way to a new life.

B) Her business went bankrupt while she was in prison.

C) Her release from prison has drawn little attention.

D) Her prison sentence might have been extended.

62 What do we learn from the second paragraph about many criminals in America?

A) They backslide after serving their terms in prison.

B) They are deprived of chances to turn over a new leaf.

C) They receive severe penalties for committing minor offenses.

D) They are convicted regardless of their individual circumstances.

63. What are the consequences for many Americans with a criminal record?

A) They remain poor for the rest of their lives.

B) They are deprived of all social benefits.

C) They are marginalized in society.

D) They are deserted by their family.

64. What does the author think of the post-conviction laws and rules?

A) They help to maintain social stability.

B) Some of them have long been outdated.

C) They are hardly understood by the public.

D) A lot of them have negative effects on society.

65. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage?

A) To create opportunities for criminals to reform themselves.

B) To appeal for changes in America’s criminal justice system.

C) To ensure that people with a criminal record live a decent life.

D) To call people’s attention to prisoners，conditions in America.

Part ⅣTranslation (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

云南省的丽江古镇是中国著名的旅游目的地之一。那里的生活节奏比大多数中国城市都要缓慢。丽江到处都是美丽的自然风光，众多的少数民族同胞提供了各式各样、丰富多彩的文化让游客体验。历史上，丽江还以“爱之城”而闻名。当地人中流传着许多关于因爱而生、为爱而死的故事。如今，在中外游客眼中，这个古镇被视为爱情和浪漫的天堂（paradise）。注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

大学英语四级考试真题及答案.doc

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