法律英语词汇大全
一、律师部分
案件受理费court acceptance fee
案情重大、复杂important and complicated case
案由cause of action
案子case
包揽诉讼monopolize lawsuits
被告defendant(用于民事、行政案件); the accused (用于刑事案件)
被上诉人appellee ?p??li:
被诉人respondent; defendant
本案律师councel pro hac vice
本地律师local counsel
毕业证diploma; graduation certificate
辩护词defense; pleadings
辩护律师defense lawyer
辩护要点point of defense
辩护意见submission
财产租赁property tenancy
裁定书order; ruling; determination（指终审裁定）
裁决书award（用于仲裁）
裁决书verdict（用于陪审团）
采信的证据admitted evidence; established evidence
草拟股权转让协议drafting agreement of assignment of equity interests
查阅法条source legal provisions
产权转让conveyancing
出差go on errand; go on a business trip
出国深造further study abroad
出具律师意见书providing legal opinion
出示的证据exhibit
出庭appear in court
传票summons; subpoena
答辩状answer; reply
代理词representation
代理房地产买卖与转让agency for sale and transfer of real estate
代理公证、商标、专利、版权、房地产、工商登记agency for notarization, trademark, patent, copyright, and registration of real estate and incorporations
代理仲裁agency for arbitration
代写文书drafting of legal instruments
待决案件pending case
当事人陈述statement of the parties
第三人third party
吊销执业证revocation of lawyer license
调查笔录investigative record
调查取证investigation and gathering for evidence 调解mediation
调解书mediation
二审案件case of trial of second instance
发送电子邮件send e-mail
法律顾问legal consultants
法律意见书legal opinions
法律援助legal aid
法律咨询legal counseling
法庭division; tribunal
法学博士学位LL.D (Doctor of Laws)
法学会law society
法学课程legal courses
法学硕士学位LL.M (Master of Laws)
法学系faculty of law; department of law
法学学士学位LL.B (Bachelor of Laws) J.D ( juris doctor缩写，美国法学学士) 法学院law school
法院公告court announcement
反诉状counterclaim
房地产律师real estate lawyer; real property lawyer
非合伙律师associate lawyer
非诉讼业务non-litigation practice
高级合伙人senior partner
高级律师senior lawyer
各类协议和合同agreements and contracts
公安局Public Security Bureau
公司上市company listing
公诉案件public-prosecuting case
公证书notarial certificate
国办律师事务所state-run law office
国际贸易international trade
国际诉讼international litigation
国内诉讼domestic litigation
合伙律师partner lawyer
合伙制律师事务所law office in partner-ship; cooperating law office
合同审查、草拟、修改contract review, drafting and revision
会见当事人interview a client
会见犯罪嫌疑人interview a criminal suspect
兼职律师part-time lawyer
监狱prison; jail
鉴定结论expert conclusion
缴纳会费membership dues
举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi
决定书decision
勘验笔录record of request
看守所detention house
抗诉书protest
控告人accuser; complainant
跨国诉讼transnational litigation
劳动争议labor disputes
劳动争议仲裁委员会arbitration committee for labor disputes
劳改场reform-through-labor farm; prison farm
利害关系人interested party; party in interest
律管处处长director of lawyer control department
律师lawyer attorney; attorney at law
律师惩戒lawyer discipline
律师法Lawyer Law
律师费lawyer fee
律师函lawyer’s letter
律师见证lawyer attestation/authentication
律师见证书lawyer certification/authentication/witness
律师卷宗lawyer’s docile; file
律师刊物lawyer’s journal
律师联系电话contact phone number of a lawyer
律师事务所law office; law firm
律师收费billing by lawyer
律师网站lawyer website
律师协会National Bar (Lawyer) Association
律师协会会员member of Lawyer Association
律师协会秘书长secretary general of Bar (Lawyer) Association 律师协会章程Articles of Lawyer Assocition
律师业务室lawyer’s office
律师执业证lawyer license
律师助理assistant lawyer
律师资格考试bar exam; lawyer qualification exam
律师资格证lawyer qualification certificate
民事案件civil case
民事调解civil mediation
民事诉讼civil litigation
派出所local police station; police substation
判决judgement(用于民事、行政案件);
determination(用于终审);
sentence(用于刑事案);
verdict(由陪审团作出)
旁证circumstantial evidence
企业章程articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw 企业重组corporate restructure 起诉状information; indictment
取消律师资格disbar
全国律师代表大会National Lawyer Congress
缺席宣判pronounce judgement or determination by default
人民法院People’s Court
人民检察院People’s Procuratorate
认定事实determine facts
上诉案件case of trial of second instance; appellate case
上诉人appellant
上诉状petition for appeal
涉外律师lawyers specially handling foreign-related matters
申请复议administrative reconsideration petition
申请加入律师协会application for admission to Law Association
申请人petitioner; claimant
申诉案件appeal case
申诉人（仲裁）claimant; plaintiff
申诉书appeal for revision, petition for revision
实习律师apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period [??prentis] 实习律师证certificate of apprentice lawyer
视听证据audio-visual reference material
适用法律apply law to facts
受害人victim
书证documentary evidence
司法部Ministry of Justice
司法建议书judicial advise
司法局Judicial Bureau
司法局副局长deputy director of Judicial Bureau
司法局局长director of Judicial Bureau
司法统一考试uniform judicial exam
送达service of process
诉讼litigation; action; lawsuit
诉讼当事人litigation party; litigious party
诉讼业务litigation practice
诉状complaint; bill of complaint; statement of claim
推销法律服务promote/market legal service
外国律师事务所foreign law office
委托代理合同authorized representation contract
委托代理人agent ad litem; entrusted agent
委托授权书power of attorney
物证material evidence
嫌疑人criminal suspect
项目融资project financing
项目谈判project negotiating
刑事案件criminal case
刑事诉讼criminal litigation
行政诉讼administrative litigation
休庭adjourn the court; recess
宣判pronounce judgement; determination
宣誓书affidavit
业务进修attendance in advanced studies
一审案件case of trial of first instance
与国外律师事务所交流communicate with foreign law firms 原告plaintiff
证券律师securities lawyer
证人证言testimony of witness; affidavit
执行笔录execution record
执业登记registration for practice
执业范围scope of practice; sphere of practice; practice area 执业申请practice application
执业证年检annual inspection of lawyer license
仲裁arbitration
仲裁案件arbitration case
仲裁机构arbitration agency
专门律师specialized lawyer
专职律师professional lawyer; full-time lawyer
撰写法律文章write legal thesis
资信调查credit standing investigation
自诉案件private prosecuting case
二、诉讼法律
案件case
案件发回remand/rimit a case (to a low court)
案件名称title of a case
案卷材料materials in the case
案情陈述书statement of case
案外人person other than involved in the case
案值total value involved in the case
败诉方losing party
办案人员personnel handling a case
保全措施申请书application for protective measures
报案report a case (to security authorities)
被告defendant; the accused
被告人最后陈述final statement of the accused
被告向原告第二次答辩rejoinder
被害人victim
被害人的诉讼代理人victim’s agent ad litem
被上诉人respondent; the appellee 被申请人respondent
被申请执行人party against whom execution is filed
被执行人person subject to enforcement
本诉principal action
必要共同诉讼人party in necessary co-litigation
变通管辖jurisdiction by accord
辩护defense
辩护律师defense attorney/lawyer
辩护人defender
辩护证据exculpatory evidence; defense evidence
辩论阶段stage of court debate
驳回反诉dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim
驳回请求deny/dismiss a motion
驳回上诉、维持原判reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling
驳回诉讼dismiss an action/suit
驳回通知书notice of dismissal
驳回自诉dismiss/reject a private prosecution
驳回自诉裁定书ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case
补充答辩supplementary answer
补充判决supplementary judgement
补充侦查supplementary investigation
不公开审理trial in camera
不立案决定书written decision of no case-filing
不批准逮捕决定书written decision of disapproving an arrest
不起诉nol pros
不予受理起诉通知书notice of dismissal of accusation by the court
财产保全申请书application for attachment; application for property preservation
裁定order; determination (指最终裁定)
裁定管辖jurisdiction by order
裁定书order; ruling
裁决书award
采信的证据admitted evidence
查封seal up
撤回上诉withdraw appeal
撤诉withdraw a lawsuit
撤销立案revoke a case placed on file
撤销原判，发回重审rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial
出示的证据exhibit
除权判决invalidating judgement (for negotiable instruments)
传唤summon; call
传闻证据hearsay
答辩answer; reply
答辩陈述书statement of defence
答辩状answer; reply
大法官associate justices; justice
大检察官deputy chief procurator
代理控告agency for accusation
代理申诉agency for appeal
代理审判员acting judge
代为申请取保候审agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving 弹劾式诉讼accusatory procedure
当事人陈述statement of the parties
当庭宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court
地区管辖territorial jurisdiction
地区检察分院inter-mediate People’s Procuratorate
第三人third party
调查笔录record of investigation
定期宣判pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date
定罪证据incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence
冻结freeze
督促程序procedure of supervision and urge
独任庭sole-judge bench
独任仲裁员sole arbitrator
对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施compulsory measures against impairment of civil action
对席判决judgement inter parties
二审trial of second instance
二审案件case of trial of second insurance
罚款impose a fine
法定证据statutory legal evidence
法定证据制度system of legal evidence
法官judges
法警bailiff; court police
法律文书legal instruments/papers
法律援助legal aid
法律咨询legal consulting
法庭辩论court debate
法庭调查court investigation
法庭审理笔录court record
法庭审理方式mode of court trial
法庭庭长chief judge of a tribunal
法院court
法院公告court announcement
反诉counterclaim
反诉答辩状answer with counterclaim
反诉状counterclaim 犯罪嫌疑人criminal suspect
附带民事诉讼案件 a collateral civil action
附带民事诉讼被告defendant of collateral civil action
复查reexamination; recheck
复验reinspect
高级法官senior judge
高级检察官senior procurator
高级人民法院Higher People’s Court
告诉案件case of complaint
告诉才处理的案件case accepted at complaint
告诉申诉庭complaint and petition division
工读学校work-study school for delinquent children
公安部Ministry of Public Security
公安分局public security sub-bureau
公安厅public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government
公开审理trial in public
公开审判制度open trial system
公示催告程序procedure of public summons for exhortation
公诉案件public-prosecuting case
公诉词statement of public prosecution
公证机关public notary office
共同管辖concurrent jurisdiction
管辖jurisdiction
国际司法协助international judicial assistance
海事法院maritime court
合议庭collegial panel
合议庭评议笔录record of deliberating by the collegiate bench
和解composition; compromise
核对诉讼当事人身份check identity of litigious parties
恢复执行resumption of execution
回避withdrawal
混合式诉讼mixed action
基层人民法院basic People’s Court
羁押期限term in custody
级别管辖subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels
监视居住living at home under surveillance
监狱prison
检察官procurator
检察权prosecutorial power
检察委员会procuratorial/prosecutorial committee
检察院procuratorate
检察院派出机构outpost tribunal of procuratorate
简易程序summary procedure
鉴定结论expert conclusion
经济审判庭economic tribunal
径行判决direct adjudication without sessions; judgement without notice
纠问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings
拘传summon by force; summon by warrant
拘留所detention house
举报information/report of an offence
举证责任burden of proof; onus probandi
决定书decision
军事法院military procuratorate
开庭审理open a court session
开庭通知notice of court session
勘验笔录record of inquest
看守所detention house
可执行财产executable property
控告式诉讼accusatory proceedings
控诉证据incriminating evidence
控诉职能accusation function
扣押distrain on; attachment
扣押物distress/distraint
宽限期period of grace
劳动争议仲裁申请书petition for labor dispute arbitration
劳改场reform-through-labor farm
劳教所reeducation-through-labor office
类推判决的核准程序procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence 累积证据cumulative evidence
立案报告place a case on file
立案管辖functional jurisdiction
立案决定书written decision of case-filing
立案侦查report of placing a case on file
利害关系人interested party
临时裁决书interim award
律师见证书lawyer’s written attestation; lawyer’s written authentication
律师事务所law office; law firm
律师提前介入prior intervention by lawyer
免于刑事处分exemption from criminal penalty
民事案件civil case
民事审判庭civil tribunal
民事诉讼civil action
民事诉讼法Civil Procedural Law
扭送seize and deliver a suspect to the police
派出法庭detached tribunal 派出所police station
判决judgement; determination
判决书judgement; determination; verdict (指陪审团作出的)
旁证circumstantial evidence
陪审员juror
批准逮捕approval of arrest
破案clear up a criminal case; solve a criminal case
破产bankruptcy; insolvency
普通程序general/ordinary procedure
普通管辖general jurisdiction
企业法人破产还债程序procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation
起诉filing of a lawsuit
起诉sue; litigate; prosecute; institution of proceedings
起诉状indictment; information
区县检察院grassroots People’s Procuratorate
取保候审the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving
缺席判决default judgement
人民调解委员会People’s Mediation Committee
认定财产无主案件cases concerning determination of property as qwnerless
认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity
上诉appeal
上诉人appellant
上诉状petition for appeal
少管所juvenile prison
社会治安综合治理comprehensive treatment of social security
涉外案件cases involving foreign interests
涉外民事诉讼foreign civil proceedings
涉外刑事诉讼foreign criminal proceedings
申请人applicant; petitioner
申请书petition; application for arbitration
申请执行人execution applicant
申诉人宣誓书claimant’s affidavit of authenticity
申诉书appeal for revision; petition for revision
神示证据制度system of divinity evidence
神示制度ordeal system
审查案件case review
审查并决定逮捕examine and decide arrest
审查起诉阶段stage of review and prosecution
审理通知书notice of hearing
审判长presiding judge
审判长宣布开庭presiding judge announce court in session
审判管辖adjudgement/trial jurisdiction
审判监督程序procedure for trial supervision
审判委员会judicial committee
审判员judge
审问式诉讼inquisitional proceedings
生效判决裁定legally effective judgement/order
胜诉方winning party
省市自治区检察院higher People’s Procuratorate
失踪和死亡宣告declaration of disappearance and death
实（质）体证据substantial evidence
实物证据tangible evidence
实在证据real evidence
示意证据demonstrative evidence
视听证据audio-visual evidence
收容所collecting post; safe retreat
首席大法官chief justice
首席检察官chief procurator
受害人的近亲属victim’s immediate family
受理acceptance
受理刑事案件审批表registration form of acceptance of criminal case
受送达人the addressee
书记员court clerk
书记员宣读法庭纪律court clerk reads court rules
书证documentary evidence
司法部Ministry of Justice
司法机关judicial organizatons
司法警察judicial police
司法局judicial bureau
司法厅judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government
司法协助judicial assistance
死缓的复核judicial review of death sentence with a retrieve
死刑复核程序procedure for judicial review of death sentence
死刑复核权competence for judicial review of death sentence
送达service of process
送达传票service of summons/subpoena
送达诉状service of bill of complaint
搜查search
诉sue; suit; action; lawsuit
诉前财产保全property attachment prior to lawsuit
诉讼litigation; lawsuit; sue; action
诉讼保全attachment
诉讼参加人litigious participants
诉讼代理人agent ad litem 诉状complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim
特别程序special procedures
提起公诉institute a public prosecution
铁路法院railway court
铁路检察院railroad transport procuratorate
庭审程序procedure of court trial
通缉wanted for arrest
投案appearance
退回补充侦查return of a case for supplementary investigation
委托辩护entrusted defense
未成年人法庭juvenile court
无行政职务的法官associate judge
无正当理由拒不到庭refuse to appear in court without due cause
无罪判决acquittal, finding of “ not guilty ”
物证material evidence
先予执行申请书application for advanced execution
先予执行advanced execution
刑事案件criminal case
刑事拘留criminal detention
刑事强制拘留criminal coercive/compulsory measures
刑事审判庭criminal tribunal
刑事诉讼criminal proceedings
刑事诉讼法Criminal Procedural Law
刑事自诉状self-incriminating criminal complaint
行政案件administrative case
行政审判庭administrative tribunal
行政诉讼administrative proceedings
行政诉讼法Administrative Procedural Law
宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件cases concerning the declaration of disappearance and death 宣判笔录record of rendition of judgement
选民资格案件cases concerning qualifications of voters
询问证人inquire/question a witness
训诫reprimand
讯问笔录record of interrogation
询问犯罪嫌疑人interrogate criminal suspect
言词证据verbal evidence
要求传唤证人申请书application for subpoena
一裁终局arbitration award shall be final and binding
一审trial of first instance
一审案件case of trial of first instance
应诉通知书notice of respondence to action
有罪判决sentence; finding of “guilty”
予审preliminary examinantion; pretrial
原告plaintiff
院长court president
阅卷笔录record of file review (by lawyers)
再审案件case of retrial
再审申请书petition for retrial
责令具结悔过order to sign a statement of repentance
债权人会议creditors’ meeting
侦查阶段investigation stage
侦查终结conclusion of investigation
征询原、被告最后意见consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant 证据evidence
证据保全preserve evidence
证据保全申请书application for evidence preservation
证人证言testimony of witness; affidavit
支付令payment order/warrant
知识产权庭intellectual property tribunal
执行程序procedure execution
执行逮捕execution of arrest
执行和解conciliation of execution
执行回转recovery of execution
执行庭executive tribunal
执行异议objection to execution
执行员executor
执行中止discontinuance of execution
执行终结conclusion of execution
指定辩护appointed defense
指定仲裁员声明statement of appointing arbitrator
中级人民法院intermediate People’s Court
中途退庭retreat during court session without permission
仲裁arbitration
仲裁被诉人respondent; defendant
仲裁裁决award
仲裁申请书arbitration
仲裁申诉人claimant; plaintiff
仲裁庭arbitration tribunal
仲裁委员会arbitration committee
仲裁协议arbitration agreement; clauses of arbitration
仲裁员arbitrator
主诉检察官principal procurator
助理检察官assistant procurator
助理审判员assistant judge
专门法院special court
专门管辖specific jurisdiction 专属管辖exclusive jurisdiction
追究刑事责任investigate for criminal responsibility
自首confession to justice
自诉案件private-prosecuting case
自行辩护self-defense
自由心证制度doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence 自侦案件self-investigating case
最高人民法院the Supreme People’s Court
最高人民检察院the Supreme People’s Procuratorate
最后裁决书final award
三、民事法律
法律渊源source of law
制定法statute
判例法case law; precedent
普通法common law
特别法special law
固有法native law; indigenous law
继受法adopted law
实体法substantial law
程序法procedural law
原则法fundamental law
例外法exception law
司法解释judicial interpretation
习惯法customary law
公序良俗public order and moral
自然法natural law
罗马法Roman Law
私法private law
公法public law
市民法jus civile
万民法jus gentium
民法法系civil law system
英美法系system of Anglo-American law
大陆法系civil law system
普通法common law
大陆法continental law
罗马法系Roman law system
英吉利法English law
衡平法equity; law of equity
日尔曼法Germantic law
教会法ecclesiastical law
寺院法canon law
伊斯兰法Islamic law
民法法律规范norm of civil law
授权规范authorization norm
禁止规范forbidding norm
义务性规范obligatory norm
命令性规范commanding norm
民法基本原则fundamental principles of civil law
平等原则principle of equality
自愿原则principle of free will
公平原则principle of justice
等价有偿原则principle of equal value exchange
诚实信用原则principle of good faith
行为act
作为act
不作为omission
合法行为lawful act
违法行为unlawful act
民事权利权利能力civil right
绝对权absolute right
相对权relative right
优先权right of priority
先买权preemption
原权antecedent right
救济权right of relief
支配权right of dominion
请求权right of claim
物上请求权right of claim for real thing
形成权right of formation
撤销权right of claiming cancellation
否认权right of claiming cancellation
解除权right of renouncement
代位权subrogated right
选择权right of choice
承认权right of admission
终止权right of termination
抗辩权right of defense
一时性抗辩权momentary right of defense
永久性抗辩权permanent counter-argument right
不安抗辩权unstable counter-argument right
同时履行抗辩权defense right of simultaneous performance 既得权tested right
期待权expectant right
专属权exclusive right
非专属权non-exclusive right 人身权利personal right
人权human right
人格权right of personality
生命健康权right of life and health
姓名权right of name
名称权right of name
肖像权right of portraiture
自由权right of freedom
名誉权right reputation
隐私权right of privacy
私生活秘密权right of privacy
贞操权virginity right
身份权right of status
亲权parental power; parental right
亲属权right of relative
探视权visitation right
配偶权right of spouse
荣誉权right of honor
权利的保护protection of right
公力救济public protection
私力救济self-protection
权利本位standard of right
社会本位standard of society
无责任行为irresponsible right
正当防卫justifiable right; ligitimate defence
防卫行为act of defence
自为行为self-conducting act
紧急避险act of rescue; necessity
自助行为act of self-help
不可抗力force majeure
意外事件accident
行为能力capacity for act
意思能力capacity of will
民事行为civil act
意思表示declaration of intention
意思表示一致meeting of minds; consensus
完全行为能力perfect capacity for act
限制行为能力restrictive capacity for act
准禁治产人quasi-interdicted person
保佐protection
自治产人minor who is capable of administering his own capacity 无行为能力incapacity for act
禁治产人interdicted person
自然人natural person
公民citizen
住所domicile
居所residence
经常居住地frequently dwelling place
户籍census register
监护guardianship
个体工商户individual business
农村承包经营户leaseholding rural household
合伙partnership
合伙人partner
合伙协议partnership agreement
合伙财产property of partnership
合伙债务debt of partnership
入伙join partnership
退伙withdrawal from partnership
合伙企业partnership business establishment
个人合伙partnership
法人合伙partnership of legal person
特别合伙special partnership
普通合伙general partnership
有限合伙limited partnership
民事合伙civil partnership
隐名合伙sleeping partnership; dormant partnership
私营企业private enterprise; proprietorship
法人legal person
企业法人legal body of enterprise
企业集团group of enterprise
关联企业affiliate enterprise
个人独资企业individual business establishment
国有独资企业solely state-owned enterprise
中外合资企业Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise
中外合作企业Sino-foreign contractual enterprise
社团法人legal body of mass organization
财团法人legal body of financial group
联营joint venture
法人型联营association of legal persons
合伙型联营coordinated management in partnership
协作型联营cooperation-type coordinated management 合作社cooperative
民事法律行为civil legal act
单方民事法律行为unilateral civil legal act
双方民事法律行为bilateral civil legal act 多方民事法律行为joint act civil legal act
有偿民事法律行为civil legal act with consideration
无偿民事法律行为civil legal act without consideration; civil legal act without award 实践性民事法律行为practical civil legal act
诺成性民事法律行为consental civil legal act
要式民事法律行为formal civil legal act
不要式民事法律行为informal civil legal act
要因民事法律行为causative civil legal act
不要因民事法律行为noncausative civil legal act
主民事法律行为principal civil legal act
从民事法律行为accessory civil legal act
附条件民事法律行为conditional civil legal act
附期限民事法律行为civil legal act with term
生前民事法律行为civil legal act before death
死后民事法律行为civil legal act after death
准民事法律行为quasi-civil legal act
无效行为ineffective act
可撤销民事行为revocable civil act
违法行为illegal act; unlawful act
侵权行为tort
欺诈fraud
胁迫duress
乘人之危taking advantage of others’ precarious position
以合法形式掩盖非法目的legal form concealing illegal intention
恶意串通malicious collaboration
重大误解gross misunderstanding
显失公平obvious unjust
误传misrepresentation
代理agency
本人principal
被代理人principal
受托人trustee
代理人agent
本代理人original agent
法定代理人statutory agent; legal agent
委托代理人agent by mandate
指定代理人designated agent
复代理人subagent
再代理人subagent
转代理人subagent
代理权right of agency
授权行为act of authorization
授权委托书power of attorney
代理行为act of agency
委托代理agency by mandate
本代理original agency
复代理subagency
次代理subagency
有权代理authorized agency
表见代理agency by estoppel; apparent agency
律师代理agency by lawyer
普通代理general agency
全权代理general agency
全权代理委托书general power of attorney
共同代理joint agency
独家代理sole agency
居间brokerage
居间人broker
行纪commission; broker house
信托trust
时效time limit; prescription; limitation
时效中止suspension of prescription/limitation
时效中断interruption of limitation/prescription
时效延长extension of limitation
取得时效acquisitive prescription
时效终止lapse of time; termination of prescription
期日date
期间term
涉外民事关系civil relations with foreign elements
冲突规范rule of conflict
准据法applicable law; governing law
反致renvoi; remission
转致transmission
识别identification
公共秩序保留reserve of public order
法律规避evasion of law
国籍nationality
国有化nationalization
法律责任legal liability
民事责任civil liability/responsibility
行政责任administrative liability/responsibility
刑事责任criminal liability/responsibility
违约责任liability of breach of contract; responsibility of default 有限责任limited liability
无限责任unlimited liability
按份责任shared/several liability 连带责任joint and several liability
过失责任liability for negligence; negligent liability
过错责任fault liability; liability for fault
单独过错sole fault
共同过错joint fault
混合过错mixed fault
被害人过错victim’s fault
第三人过错third party’s fault
推定过错presumptive fault
恶意bad faith; malice
故意deliberate intention; intention; willfulness
过失negligence
重大过失gross negligence
疏忽大意的过失careless and inadvertent negligence
过于自信的过失negligence with undue assumption
损害事实facts of damage
有形损失tangible damage/loss
无形损失intangible damage/loss
财产损失property damage/loss
人身损失personal damage/loss
精神损失spiritual damage/loss
民事责任承担方式methods of bearing civil liability
停止侵害cease the infringing act
排除妨碍exclusion of hindrance; removal of obstacle
消除危险elimination of danger
返还财产restitution of property
恢复原状restitution; restitution of original state
赔偿损失compensate for a loss; indemnify for a loss
支付违约金payment of liquidated damage
消除影响eliminate ill effects
恢复名誉rehabilitate one’s reputation
赔礼道歉extend a formal apology
物权jus ad rem; right in rem; real right
物权制度real right system; right in rem system
一物一权原则the principal of One thing, One Right
物权法定主义principal of legality of right in rem
物权公示原则principal of public summons of right in rem 物权法jus rerem
物property
生产资料raw material for production
生活资料means of livelihood; means of subsistence
流通物res in commercium; a thing in commerce
限制流通物limited merchantable thing
禁止流通物res extra commercium; a thing out of commerce 资产asset
固定资产fixed asset
流动资产current asset; floating asset
动产movables; chattel
不动产immovable; real estate
特定物res certae; a certain thing
种类物genus; indefinite thing
可分物res divisibiles; divisible things
不可分物res indivisibiles; indivisible things
主物res capitalis; a principal thing
从物res accessoria; an accessory thing
原物original thing
孳息fruits
天然孳息natural fruits
法定孳息legal fruits
无主物bona vacatia; vacant goods; ownerless goods
遗失物lost property
漂流物drifting object
埋藏物fortuna; hidden property
货币currency
证券securities
债券bond
物权分类classification of right in rem/real right
自物权jus in re propria; right of full ownership
所有权dominium; ownership; title
所有权凭证document of title; title of ownership
占有权dominium utile; equitable ownership
使用权right of use; right to use of
收益权right to earnings; right to yields
处分权right of disposing; jus dispodendi
善意占有possession in good faith
恶意占有malicious possession
按份共有several possession
共同共有joint possession
他物权jus in re aliena
用益物权real right for usufruct
使用权right to use; right of use
土地使用权right to the use of land
林权forest ownership
采矿权mining ownership
经营权managerial authority; power of management
承包经营权right to contracted management 相邻权neighboring right; relatedright
地上权superficies
永佃权jus emphyteuticum; right to landed estate granted in perpetuity through a contract 地役权servitude; easement
人役权servitus personarum; personal servitude
担保物权real right for security
物的担保security for thing
物的瑕疵担保warranty against defect of a thing
抵押权hypotheca; hypothecation; right to mortgage
抵押权的设定creation of right to mortgage
抵押人mortgagor
抵押权人mortgagee
抵押标的物collateral; estate under mortgage
抵押权的效力deffect of right to mortgage
抵押权的次序sequence of right to mortgage
抵押权的抛弃abandonment of right to mortgage
抵押权的让与alienation of right to mortgage
抵押权的实现materialization of right to mortgage
抵押权的消灭extinction of right to mortgageregistration of estate under mortgage 抵押物登记registration of estate under mortgage
抵押优先权priority of mortgage
留置权lien
一般留置权general lien
特别留置权special lien
质权hypotheque; pledge; right of pledge
佃权tenant right
债权jus in personam; right to give or procure; claim; creditor’s right
债权人creditor
债务人debtor
相对人counterpart; offeree
给付give; pay
债务debt; liability; obligation
债务的偿还payment of debt
债务的偿清discharge of debt
债务的担保guarantee of debt
债务的合并consolidation of debt
债务的给付日期debt maturity
债务的免除exemption of debt
债的分类obligatio; obligation
法定之债legal obligation
任意之债voluntary obligation
简单之债simple obligation
选择之债alternative obligation
主债prime/principal obligation
从债accessory obligation
单一之债single obligation
按份之债several obligation
连带之债joint obligation
特定之债certain obligation
种类之债indefinite obligation
合同之债contractual obligation
侵权行为之债tort obligation
损害赔偿之债obligation of compensation for injury; obligation of damages
人身损害damage to person
精神损害moral/mental/spiritual damage
医药费hospital treatment expense
医疗费medical charge
抚恤金pension
慰问金consolation money
产品瑕疵defect of product
不当得利unjust enrichment
无因管理voluntary service
债的担保guarantee of obligation
财产担保property guarantee
信用担保credit guarantee
让与担保alienation guarantee
保证guaranty
明示保证express guaranty
默示保证implied guaranty
保证人guarantor
保证合同contract of guaranty/suretyship
保证金guaranty bond; security deposit
押金deposit; foregift
预付款advanced payment
定金earnest money; deposit
违约金liquidated damages
法定违约金liquidated damages by law
约定违约金liquidated damages by agreement
债的履行performance of obligation
实际履行原则doctrine of specific performance
情事变更原则doctrine of change of circumstances
不当履行misfeasance
清偿discharge; satisfaction
提存debtor’s submission of the subject matter of obligation to competent authority 抵销setoff
知识产权intellectual property 知识产权国际保护international protection of intellectual property
国民待遇原则doctrine of national treatment
优先权原则 a right of priority doctrine
自动保护原则doctrine of automatic protection
特许权使用费royalties
智力成果intellectual property
著作权copyright
版权copyright
著作权人copyright owner
创作creation
作品opus; product; work
著作人格权right of personality of copyright
发表权right of publication
署名权right of authorship; right of paternity
修改权right of modification; right of revision
完整性保持权right to maintain integrity
不可侵犯权inviolability
收回权right of recall; right of retrieval
自费出版publish a book at the author’s own expense
著作财产权property right in work
使用收益分享权right to share usufruct
利用权right to make use of
获得报酬权right to get payment
重播权right of rebroadcasting
录制权right of fixation
机械复制权right of mechanograph; right of mechanical reproduction 著作邻接权neighboring right of copyright
剽窃plagiary; plagiarism
盗版pirate
盗版VCD pirated VCD
伪造forge
工业产权industrial property
专利权patent right
优先权日priority date
申请在先原则prior application rule
使用在先priority of use
新颖性novelty
创造性creativity
实用性practicability
发明创造invention and creation
实用新型utility model
外观设计design; industrial design
发明权right of invention
发现权right of discovery
专利申请patent application
专利异议objection to a patent
专利公告patent gazette
专利续展费renewal fee of patent
专利许可协议patent licensing agreement
技术诀窍know-how
专有技术know-how
专利证书certificate of patent
专利事务所patent office
专利代理patent agency
中华人民共和国专利局Patent Office of the People’s Republic of China 商标权trademark right
商标国际注册international registration of trademark
商品商标commodity trademark
服务商标service trademark
驰名商标reputed trademark
广告商标advertisement trademark
近似商标similar trademark
商标评审委员会trade review and appraisal board
商标审查trademark examination
商标侵权trademark infringement
商标注册registered trademark
商标公告trademark gazette
注册商标使用许可licensing of registered trademark
注册商标转让assignment of registered trademark
商标使用许可协议trademark licensing agreement
商标事务所trademark office
商标代理trademark agency
婚姻、家庭、继承、收养marriage, family, inheritance, adoption
婚姻法marital law; marriage law
包办婚姻arranged marriage
财产分割partition; dismemberment of property
重婚bigamy
独生子女only child
法律婚legal marriage
非婚生子女illegitimate child
夫妻共同财产community property
夫妻关系conjugal relationship
夫妻分居divorce a mensa et thoro; divorce from bed and board
复婚resumption of marriage
感情破裂incompatibility
婚后财产公证notarization of postnuptial properties 婚姻登记marriage registration
婚生子女ligitimate child
计划生育birth control
结婚marry
离婚divorce
买卖婚姻mercenary marriage
拟制血亲blood relations in fiction of law
旁系血亲collateral relation blood relation
涉外婚姻marriage with foreign elements
配偶spouse
事实婚de facto marriage
诉讼离婚divorce by litigation
探视权visitation right
同居cohabitation
晚婚late marriage
无效婚姻void marriage
协议离婚divorce by agreement
一夫一妻制monogamy
早婚early marriage
直系血亲lineal descent
自然血亲natural blood relation
收养法adoption law
收养协议adoption agreement
收养人adoptive parent
送养人person or institution placing out a child for adoption 涉外收养adoption with foreign elements
继承法inheritance law; law of succession
法定继承legal seccession
遗嘱继承intestate succession
遗赠继承succession by devise
自然继承natural succession
代位继承representation; succession by subrogation
世袭继承hereditary succession
间接继承indirect succession
转继承subsuccession
共同继承joint succession
单独继承single succession
继承人heir; successor
第二顺序继承人successor second in order
第一顺序继承人successor first in order
继承参与人succession participant
遗产inheritance; heritage
遗产继承人heir to property; inheritor
遗言last will and testament
遗书last words
遗赠bequest; legacy; devise
遗赠抚养协议legacy-support ageement
四、商事法律会计法accounting law
税法tax law; taxation law
反不正当竞争法anti-unfair competition law
消费者权益保护法consumer’s interest protection law 产品责任法production liability law
消费者权益法consumer rights and interests law
公司法company law; corporate law
公司company; corporation
有限责任公司limited liability company
股份有限公司company limited by shares
无限公司unlimited company
股份两合公司joint stock limited liability partnership
两合公司joint liability company
控股公司holding company
集团公司group company
合资公司joint venture company
联营公司associated company; affiliated company
国营公司state-own company
国有公司state-owned company
民营公司civilian-run company
本国公司national/domestic company
外国公司foreign company
上市公司listed company
母公司parent company
子公司subsidiary [s?b?sidi?ri]
皮包公司briefcase company; fundless company
募集设立incorporation by stock floatation
发起人floater; initiator
公司名称name of company
公司住址domicile of company
出资contribution; capital subscription
现金出资investment in cash
实物出资investment in kind
工业产权出资investment in industrial property right
非专有技术出资investment in non-patent technology 劳务出资investment in labor
高新技术成果出资investment in hi-tech achievements 注册资本registered capital 实缴资本paid-in capital
验资报告capital verification report
会计师事务所certified public accountants
注册会计师certified public accountant
资本三原则three doctrine of capital
资本确定原则doctrine of capital determination
资本维持原则doctrine of capital maintenance
资本不变原则doctrine of unchanging capital
最低资本额制度minimum capital system
公司章程articles of association; articles of incorporation; bylaw
公司登记incorporation; corporate registration
公司存续existence of company
公司合并分立merger and split of company
公司并购corporate merger and acquisition
公司管理corporate governance; company management
公司法律顾问corporate counsel
公司整顿company rectification
公司歇业closure of business
公司和解company composition
公司解散company dissolution
公司清算company liquidation
公司清理company winding-up
竞业禁止non-commpete; competition prohibition
招股章程prospectus
股本stock capital
股东shareholder
股东大会shareholders’ meeting
股东大会决议resolution of shareholders’ meeting
股东大会议事规则rule of procedure of shareholders’ meeting
表决权voting right; right to vote
董事director
董事长president/chairman of the board
首席执行官chief executive officer(CEO)
首席运营官chief operation officer(COO)
执行董事executive director
常务董事managing director
董事会board of directors
董事会领导下的经理负责制responsibility system of the chief executive officer under the leadership of the board of directors
经理独立负责制manager independent responsibility system
监事supervisor
监事会board of supervisors
股share; stock
普通股common stock
特别股special stock
资格股qualification stock
优先股preferred stock
劣后股inferior stock
表决权股stock with voting power
溢价股premium stock
折价股converting stock
国家股state-owned share
集体股collective share
法人股corporate share
企业股enterprise share
个人股individual share
股息dividend
红股bonus stock; dividend stock
法定公积金legal accumulation fund
资本公积金capital accumulation fund
盈余公积金surplus accumulation fund
任意公积金optional accumulation fund
公司犯罪corporate crime
证券法securities law
证券发行issuance of securities
证券上市list securities; float an issue
证券交易所stock exchange
证券商securities dealer
证券公司securities company
证券承销商consortium of underwriters
证券承销合同underwriting contract
证券经纪人securities broker
披露制度disclosing system
交割日closing date
风险投资基金venture capital fund
上海证券交易所Shanghai Stock Exchange
深圳证券交易所Shenzhen Stock Exchange
证券监督委员会securities supervision committee 票据法law of negotiable instrument
票据notes; bills; commercial instruments
商业票据bill; commercial instrument
远期票据time bill;; long-dated bill
到期票据matured bill
即期票据sight bill
记名票据bill payable to order; note to order
不记名票据bearer instrument 本票promissory note
支票cheque
汇票bill of exchange
发票日ticket day
出票日date of draft/issue
发票地place of draft/issue
票据到期日bill to mature
票据金额sum of bill
票面价额face value
票据出票人drawer
票据持票人bill holder
票据承兑人bill acceptor
票据行为act on commercial paper
承兑票据honor a bill
票据议付negotiation
拒付票据protest a bill
票据付款人drawee
票据支付人payer on commercial instrument
票据收款人bill collector
票据背书人endorser/indorser of a bill
被背书人endorsee
票据保证人bill guarantor
票据被保证人bill pledgee/warrantee
再追索人renewed recourser
前手remote holder
后手subsequent endorser
票据权利right of bill
票据期限term of bill; tenor
票据债务人debtor of commercial instrument
追索权right of recourse
票据抗辩exception to bill
票据丧失loss of bill
票据时效prescription of exchanges
票据贴现discount of bill
再贴现rediscount of bill
恩惠期间term of benevolence
票据代理agency for notes/bills/commercial instruments
海商法maritime law
船舶国籍证书certificate of registry; certificate of ship’s nationality 船棋国flag country
船舶所有权证书certificate of ship ownership
船舶检验register of ship
船舶保险insurance on hull
船舶保险单hull insurance policy
船舶登记证书certificate of registry
船舶丈量tonnage measurement of ships
船舶进港费groundage
船舶抵押ship mortgage
船舶租赁ship chartering
船舶转租ship subchartering
船舶所有人责任限制limitation of liabilities of ship owners
船舶碰撞ship collision
船舶遇难maritime distress
海上灾难perils of the sea
海上拖航marine towage
船舶扣押detention of ship
船舶债权ship’s credit
船级社classification society
船级证书certificate of class
海上留置权maritime lien
船舶留置权maritime lien
船舶抵押权maritime mortgage
海上优先请求权priority claim to seagoing ships
救助优先权priority claim to salvage
共同海损优先权priority claim to general average
服务优先权priority claim to service
货物损害优先权priority claim to cargo damage
传播抵押借款和货物抵押借款优先权priority claim to ship credit and goods credit 海运合同shipping contract
提单bill of lading(B/L)
空舱费dead freight
租船费charterage
租船合同charter-party contract of affreightment
期租船合同time charter-party; time CP
航次租船合同voyage charter-party
定期租船合同time charter-party
光船租船合同bareboat charter-party; bareboat CP
包租运输合同shipping charter-party
海上旅客运输合同contract for carriage of passengers by sea
远洋拖带合同contract of ocean towage
港内拖带合同contract of port towage
海难救助合同salvage contract
海事报告maste r’s protest;; sea protest
海事声明书sea protest
海事争议maritime dispute
海事法院maritime court;; admiralty court 海事诉讼程序maritime proceedings
船舶碰撞案件的民事管辖权civil jurisdiction of sea collision
船舶碰撞案件的刑事管辖权criminal jurisdiction of sea collision
海事争议的审理hearing/trial of maritime disputes
海事诉讼保全措施measures for maritime attachment
海事优先请求权preferential right top maritime claim
海事请求保全申请书application/petition for maritime attachment
海事诉讼法律文书送达service of legal instruments in maritime action/proceedings 涉外海事诉讼管辖权jurisdiction of maritime action involving for elements
强制变卖被扣押船舶compulsory realization of the distrained ship
海事仲裁程序规则rules of maritime arbitration procedure
保险法insurance law
自愿保险voluntary insurance
强制保险compulsory insurance
商业保险commercial insurance
财产保险property insurance
人身保险personal insurance
人寿保险life insurance
健康保险health insurance
意外保险accident insurance
社会保险social insurance
养老保险endowment insurance
医疗保险medical insurance
失业保险unemployment insurance
信用保险credit insurance
保证保险guaranty insurance
保险合同insurance contract
保险人insurer; underwriter
被保险人the insured
受益人benificiary
投保人applicant for insurance;; policy holder
保险单insurance policy
保险标的insurance object
保险费premium
保险期限time limit of insurance
保险利益insurable interest
保险金额insurance; insurance compensation
保险事故insurance accident
保险赔偿insurance indemnity
保险代理人insurance agent
保险经纪人insurance broker
索赔claim
代位索赔claim by subrogation
理赔settlement of claim
代位求偿权right of subrogation
委付abandonment
退保cancellation/discharging of insurance
五、刑法总论
刑法学criminal law; penal law
犯罪学criminology
犯罪心理学criminal psychology
劳动改造法学reform-through-labor
中国刑法史history of Chinese criminal law
比较刑法学comparative criminal law
刑事侦查criminal detection
司法精神病学forensic psychiatry
罪刑法定原则principal of a legally prescribed punishment for a specified crime
罪刑相适应原则principal of suiting punishment to crime
罪责自负原则principal of bearing responsibility solely for one’s own crime
惩罚与教育相结合原则principal of combining punishment with education
从旧原则the doctrine of observing old laws
从新原则the doctrine of observing new laws
从旧兼从轻原则the doctrine of observing old laws and new ones when with lighter punishment 从新兼从轻原则the doctrine of observing new laws and old ones when with lighter punishment 追诉时效limitation of prosecution
刑事责任criminal liability/responsibility
刑事责任年龄age for criminal responsibility
刑事责任能力criminal responsibility; capacity for criminal responsibility
犯罪crime; commit a crime
故意犯罪intentional crime; willful crime
过失犯罪negligent crime
犯罪构成constitution of a crime
犯罪主体subject of a crime
犯罪客体object of a crime
犯罪的主观方面subjective elements of a crime
犯罪的客观方面objective elements of a crime
犯罪对象target of a crime
犯罪故意criminal intent; mens rea
直接故意actual intent; direct intent
间接故意indirect intent
犯罪过失criminal negligence
疏忽大意的过失careless negligence
过于自信的过失negligence with undue assumption
不能预见unforeseeable; unpredictable
不能避免unavoidable
犯罪动机criminal motive 犯罪目的criminal intent; criminal purpose
防卫过当unjustifiable self-defense
紧急避险act of rescue; necessity
犯罪既遂completion of a crime
犯罪未遂attempted crime
犯罪形态criminal pattern
犯罪预备 a crime in preparation; preparation for a crime
犯意表示expression for a crime
犯罪中止abandonment/discontinuance of a crime
犯罪中断suspension of a crime
行为犯behavioral offence
危险犯potential damage offence
结果犯consequential offence
结果加重犯aggregated consequential offence
类推analogy
定罪conviction; crimination
定罪情节circumstances for adjudgment
定罪量刑punishment fits the crime
量刑情节principle of discretionary action of sentencing; principal of sentencing
危害行为dangerous act
因果关系causative relation
共同犯罪complicity; joint offence
教唆犯abettor
主犯principal
从犯accessory
胁从犯accomplice under duress; unwilling follower
帮助犯aider; accessory
累犯recidivist; repeat offence
一般累犯common recidivist
反革命累犯counter-revolutionary recidivist
法人犯罪corporate crime
结伙犯罪gang crime
流氓集团gang of hoodlums
流氓罪crime of indecent assault
集团犯罪organized crime
经济犯罪economic crime
职务犯罪duty crime; crime by taking advantage of duty
聚众犯罪assembled a crowd to commit a crime
一罪one crime
一罪不二罚nemo bis punitur pro eodem delicto; no one is punished twice for the same crime 继续犯continuous crime
持续犯continuous crime
想象竟合犯imaginative joinder of offences
惯犯habitual offence
结合犯combinative crime; integrated offence
连续犯continuing offence
牵连犯implicated offence
吸收犯Inclusive offence; absorbable offence
数罪plural crimes
数罪并罚joinder of punishment for plural crimes
法定最高刑maximum statutory penalty
法定最低刑minimum statutory penalty
总和刑期total term of sentences
并科原则doctrine of cumulation of punishments
相加原则doctrine of accumulation
合并原则doctrine of joinder
累加原则cumulative principle
吸收原则absorption principle
限制加重原则principle of limitative aggravation
折衷原则doctrine of compromise
两罚制dual/double punishment
单罚制single punishment
漏罪omitted crime
先并后减reduction after combined sentence
新罪newly committed crime
先减后并combination of sentence after reduction
刑罚个别化原则principle of individualization of punishment
刑罚经济原则principle of economization of punishment
刑罚人道主义原则principle of humanitarianism of punishment
刑罚效益原则principle of utility of punishment
刑罚的种类classification of criminal pennalties
生命刑punishment depriving life
财产刑punishment against property
权利刑punishment of depriving rights
主刑principal penalties
管制public surveillance
拘役penal servitude
有期徒刑fixed-term imprisonment
无期徒刑life imprisonment
死刑death penalty
死缓death sentence with a two-year reprieve
附加刑accessory penalties
剥夺政治权利deprivation of political right
没收财产forfeiture of property
罚金criminal fine
剥夺勋章、奖章和荣誉称号stripping of medals, decoration or honorary titles 驱逐出境renvoi
量刑sentencing
犯罪事实criminal fact
犯罪性质criminal character
犯罪情节criminal circumstances of crime
情节严重grave/serious circumstances
情节特别严重circumstances are particularly serious
情节恶劣circumstances are wicked
后果特别严重with particularly serious consequence
量刑情节circumstance for sentencing
法定情节statutory circumstances
从轻处罚lighter punishment
减轻处罚mitigation of penalty below minimum statutory prescript
从重处罚heavier punishment
加重处罚aggravation of penalty below minimum statutory prescript 免予处罚exemption from punishment
酌定情节discretionary circumstances
自首surrender oneself to justice
坦白confession of one’s offence
自动投案voluntary surrender to justice
立功metitorious serviceoffset立功赎罪
假释one’s guilt by merit
假释考验期probation period for parole
减刑commutation; mitigation of punishment
减刑建议书advisory letter of commutation
赦免pardon
大赦amnesty; general pardon
特赦special pardon
追诉时效limitation of prosecution
追诉期限deadline of prosecution
预防犯罪prevention of crime
缓刑probation; reprieve
缓刑宣告制system of suspended pronouncement of sentence
缓刑起诉制system of suspended prosecution
缓刑考验期probation period
行刑execution; executing punishment
监外执行execution of sentence outside prison yet under surveillance
六、劳动与社会保障法律
劳动法labor law
劳动保护labor protection
劳动合同制labor contract system
集体劳动合同collective labor contract
劳动合同期限term of a labor contract
不定期劳动合同employment contract with unspecified term
有固定期限劳动合同time labor contract
劳资双方labor and management
用人单位employer
劳动者employee
劳动年龄job age; labor age
试用期probation period
标准工时制度standard labor time system
劳动时间working hours
劳动期间working period
带薪年休假paid annual leave
法定休假日legal holiday; official holiday
公休日public holiday
劳动收入labor income
工资等级制度wage grading system
固定工资wage of fixed amount
浮动工资floating wage
保底工资minimum wage
提成工资deduction wage
劳动人事管理labor and personnel management
劳动纪律labor discipline
竞业禁止规定non-compete rules
保密规定confidentiality
解雇dismiss; fire
辞职resign; resignation
终止劳动关系terminate labor relation
工伤industrial injury
福利welfare
劳动保险labor insurance
劳动赔偿labor indemnity
社会保障social security
就业登记employment registration
公费医疗free medical care
下岗lay off
下岗职工laid-off worker
劳动管理部门administrative department for labor
劳动合同鉴定certification of labor contract
劳动安全卫生检查制度
system of inspection for labor safety and hygiene
劳动能力丧失程度鉴定verification of degree of physical disability 劳动鉴定委员会labor appraisal committee
劳动监察制度labor supervision system 劳动介绍所employment agency
人才交流中心talent exchange
劳动力市场labor market
人事档案personnel archive
劳动与社会保障部Ministry of Labor and Social Security
社会保险social security
养老保险endowment insurance
医疗保险medical insurance
失业保险unemployment insurance
生育保险birth insurance
劳动争议仲裁庭arbitration tribunal of labor disputes
劳动仲裁法labor arbitration law
劳动合同履行地place where a labor contract is performed
劳动合同争议dispute of labor contract
申诉人complainant; petitioner
被申诉人respondent
仲裁申请书arbitration petition
先裁后诉award (a labor dispute) shall be obtained before litigation
七、行政法律
具体行政行为specific administrative act
抽象行政行为abstract administrative act
行政案件administrative case
行政补偿administrative recuperation
行政不作为administrative omission
行政部门administrative department; executive branch
行政裁定administrative ruling
行政裁定书administrative ruling in writing
行政裁决administrative adjudication
行政裁量administrative discretion
行政裁判administrative adjudication
行政程序法administrative procedure law
行政裁判所administrative tribunal
行政程序administrative procedure
行政程序法administrative procedure law
行政程序立法administrative procedure ligislation
行政程序违法violation of law of administrative procedure
行政处罚administrative penalty; administrative punishment
行政处罚的简易程序summary procedures for administrative penalties 行政处罚的听证程序procedure on hearing of administrative penalties 行政处罚决定书written decision of administrative penalty
行政处分administrative sanction
行政处理administrative handling
行政措施administrative measure; executive action
行政复议administrative reconsideration
行政申诉administrative appeal
行政审查administrative examination
行政审判administrative adjudication; administrative trial
行政申诉状written administrative appeal
限制人身自由权的行政处罚administrative penalties restricting the personal liberty
限制行为权的行政处罚administrative penalties restricting the right of personal freedom
行政干涉administrative interference
行政干预administrative intervention
行政告知administrative notice
行政割让cession of administration
行政公函official letter
行政公开原则principle of administrative openness
行政即决行为summary administrative act
行政监察administrative supervision; supervision over administration
行政监督administrative supervision; supervision by administration; supervision by the executive 行政检查administrative inspection
行政鉴定administrative appraisal
行政救济穷尽原则doctrine of exhaustiveness(of administrative remedies)
行政拘留administrative attachment; administrative detention
行政决定administrative decision; executive decision
行政控制administrative control; executive control
行政决议administrative resolution
行政命令administrative order; executive command; executive order
行政判决administrative judgement
行政侵权administration tort
行政请愿administrative petition
行政协理administrative assistant
具体行政行为specific administrative act
行政安排administrative arrangement
行政控诉administrative appeal
违法行政行为administrative act in violation of law
警告admonition
司法建议judicial advice
八、其他
法理（学）jurisprudence
法律渊源sources of law
法系family of law; genealogy of law
普通法系common law
大陆法系continental genealogy of law; civil law
保护性规范protective norm
禁止性规范prohibitive norm
命令性规范mandatory norm 强制性规范compulsory norm 任意性规范random norm
义务性规范obligatory norm 选择性规范optional norm
立法legislation
人治rule of men
法治rule of law
法制justice; ligality
司法监督judicial supervision 程序法procedural law
实体法substantive law