《大学英语(B)》模拟试题5及参考答案
《大学英语（B）》模拟试题5及参考答案
第一部分：交际用语（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
此部分共有10个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并用铅笔将答案题卡上的相应字母涂黑。示例[A] [B] [C] [D]
1. —How was your trip to London, Jane?
—___A____
A. Oh, wonderful indeed.
B. I went there alone.
C. The guide showed me the way.
D. By plane and by bus.
2. —Hey, Tom, what’s up?
—___B____
A. Y es, definitely!
B. Oh, not much.
C. What is happening in you life?
D. Y ou are lucky.
3. —Do you mind my smoking here?
—__B____
A. No, thanks.
B. Y es, I do.
C. Y es, I’d rather not.
D. Good idea.
4. —David injured his leg playing football yesterday.
—Really? ___C___
A. Who did that?
B. What’s wrong with him?
C. How did that happen?
D. Why was he so careless?
5. —This box is too heavy for me to carry upstairs.
—___B____
A. Y ou may ask for help.
B. Let me give you a hand.
C. Please do me a favor.
D. I’d come to help
6. —How are you feeling?
—Much better. __A_____
A. Thanks for coming to see me.
B. Y ou look great.
C. Y ou are so kind.
D. Don’t mention it.
7. —Oh, Betty, we will be having a buffet party next Saturday, and we’d like you to join us. —___A____, Susan. What’s the occasion? What time do you want me to come?
A. I’d love to
B. No way
C. By no means
D. I’m afraid not
8. —Tomorrow is my birthday.
—__C_____
A. Oh, I have no idea.
B. I’m glad you like it.
C. Many happy returns of the day!
D. Y ou must be very happy.
9. —Could you be so kind as to turn down that rock “n” roll? I’m preparing for tomorrow’s exam.
—__C_____
A. It’s none of your business.
B. What are you doing?
C. Sure. Sorry to disturb you.
D. No, I don’t think so.
10. —Are you getting a new flat this year?
—__B_____ I can’t afford to pay my bills, let alone buy a new flat.
A. Without question.
B. Y ou must be joking.
C. Good idea!
D. Are you sure?
1-5: ABBCB 6-10: AACCB
第二部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
此部分共有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5个问题。请从每个问题后的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并用铅笔将答题卡上的相应字母涂黑。示例[A] [B] [C] [D]
Passage 1
Many people who work in London prefer to live outside it, and to go in to their offices or schools every day by train, car or bus, even though this means they have to get up early in the morning and reach home late in the evening.
One advantage of living outside London is that houses are cheaper. Even a small flat in London without a garden costs quite a lot to rent. With the same money, one can get a little house in the country with a garden of one’s own.
Then, in the country one can really get away from the noise and hurry of busy working lives. Even though one has to get up earlier and spend more time in trains or buses, one can sleep better at night and during weekends and on summer evenings, one can enjoy the fresh, clean air of the country. If one likes gardens, one can spend one’s free time digging, planting, watering and doing the hundred and one other jobs which are needed in a garden. Then, when the flowers and vegetables come up, one has got the reward together with those who have shared the secret of Nature.
Some people, however, take no interest in country things: for them, happiness lies in the town, with its cinemas and theatres, beautiful shops and busy streets, dance-halls and restaurants. Such people would feel that their life was not worth living if they had to live it outside London. An occasional walk in one of the parks and a fortnight’s (two weeks) visit to the sea every summer is all the country they want: the rest they are quite prepared to leave to those who are glad to get away from London every night.
11. Which of the following statements is NOT true?B
A. People who love Nature prefer to live outside the city.
B. All the people who work in London prefer to live in the country.
C. Some people enjoying city life prefer to work and live inside London.
D. Many nature lovers, though working in London, prefer to live outside the city.
12. With the same money needed for ___C____, one can buy a little house with a garden in the country.
A. getting a small flat with a garden
B. having a small flat with a garden
C. renting a small flat without a garden
D. buying a small flat without a garden
13. When the garden is in blossom, the one __B_____ has been rewarded.
A. living in the country
B. having spent time working in the garden
C. having a garden of his own
D. having been digging, planting and watering
14. People who think happiness lies in the city life would feel that ___A____ if they had to live outside London.
A. their life was meaningless
B. their life was invaluable
C. they didn’t deserve a happy life
D. they were not worthy of their happy life
15. The underlined phrase get away from in the 3rd paragraph refers to __C_____.
A. deal with
B. do away with
C. escape from
D. prevent from
11-15: BCBAC
Passage 2
By definition, heroes and heroines are men and women distinguished by uncommon courage, achievements, and self-sacrifice made most for the benefits of others-they are people against whom we measure others. They are men and women recognized for shaping our nation’s consciousness and development as well as the lives of those who admire them. Y et, some people say that ours is an age where true heroes and heroines are hard to come by, where the very idea of heroism is something beyond us – an artifact of the past. Some main?ain, that because the Cold War is over and because America is at peace, our age is essentially an unheroic one. Furthermore, the overall crime rate is down, poverty has been eased by a strong and growing economy, and advances continue to be made in medical science.
Cultural icons are hard to define, but we know them when we see them. They are people who manage to go beyond celebrity（明星）, who are legendary, who somehow manage to become mythic. But what makes some figures icons and others mere celebrities? That’s hard to answer. In part, their lives have the quality of a story to tell. For instance, the beautiful young Diana Spencer who at 19 married a prince, renounced marriage and the throne, and died at the moment she found true love. Good looks certainly help. So does a special indefinable charm, with the help of the media. But nothing confirms an icon more than a tragic death – such as Martin Luther King, Jr., John F. Kennedy, and Princess Diana.
16. The passage mainly deals with ___C____.
A. life and death
B. heroes and heroines
C. heroes and icons
D. icons and celebrities
17. Heroes and heroines are usually ____D___.
A. courageous
B. good example to follow
C. self-sacrificing
D. all of the above
18. Which of the following statements is wrong?D
A. Poverty in America has been eased with the economic growth.
B. Superstars are famous for being famous.
C. One’s look can contribute to being famous.
D. Heroes and heroines can only emerge in war times.
19. Beautiful young Diana Spencer found her genuine love ___C____.
A. when she was 19
B. when she became a princess
C. just before her death
D. after she gave birth to a prince
20. What is more likely to set an icon’s status?B
A. Good looks.
B. Tragic and early death.
C. Personal attraction.
D. The quality of one’s story.
16-20: CDDCB
Passage 3
Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are excessively concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds: what kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?
It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must negatively affect people. A person’s conception of himself or herself is reflected in the way he or she behaves, and they way a person behaves affects other people’s reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives.
Shy people, having low self-esteem, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need reassurance that they are doing “the right thing.”Shy people are very sensitive to criticism; they feel it confirms their feelings of inferiority. They also find it difficult to be pleased by compliment with a statement like this one, “Y ou’re just saying that to make me feel good. I know it’s not true.”It is clear that while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful.
Can shyness be completely eliminated, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determined and patient efforts in building self-confidence. Since shyness goes hand in hand with a lack of self-esteems, it is important for people to accept their weakness as well as their strengths.
Each one of us is a unique, worthwhile individual, interested in our own personal ways. The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential. Let’s not allow shyness to block our chances for a rich and fulfilling life.
21. What does the author try to prove by citing “what kind of impression am I making?”B
A. Shy people benefit from their caring about their appearance.
B. People’s shyness made them care too much about their appearance and actions.
C. It’s natural that shy people don’t believe other’s compliments.
D. Shy people think they are different from others.
22. According to the writer, self-awareness is ___A____.
A. a good quality
B. the cause of unhappiness
C. harmful to people
D. a weak point of shy people
23. When being praised, shy people feel that it is ___B____.
A. good
B. unreal
C. very reasonable
D. harmful
24. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?C
A. Shyness helps us to develop our potential.
B. Shyness enables us to understand ourselves better.
C. Shyness can block our chances for a rich life.
D. Shyness has nothing to do with lack of self-esteem.
25. It can be inferred from the passage that shy people ___B____.
A. should find more of their weakness
B. should understand themselves in the right way
C. had better ignore their weakness
D. can get rid of their shyness while maintaining low self-esteem
21-25: BABCB
第三部分：词汇与结构（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
此部分共有20个未完成的句子，针对每个句子中未完成的部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并用铅笔将答题卡上的相应字母涂黑。示例[A] [B] [C] [D]
26. The manager will not ___D____ us to use his car.
A. have
B. let
C. agree
D. allow
27. ___D____ her and then try to copy what she does.
A. Mind
B. See
C. Stare at
D. Watch
28. Will you ___A____ me a favor, please?
A. do
B. make
C. bring
D. give
29. It’s bad ___A____ for you to smoke in the public places where smoking is not allowed.
A. behavior
B. action
C. manner
D. movement
30. —It’s a good idea. But who’s going to __A_____ the plan?
—I think John and Peter will.
A. carry out
B. get through
C. take in
D. set aside
31. Before the final examination, some students have shown ___C____ of tension. They even have trouble in sleeping.
A. anxiety
B. marks
C. signs
D. remarks
32. The problem is not ___C____ so easy as you think. It’s far from being settled.
A. hardly
B. almost
C. nearly
D. scarcely
33. —It’s time to tidy your room, Harry!
—See the tidy room, Mum! ___C____ is where it should be.
A. Something
B. Anything
C. Everything
D. Nothing
34. —What will you buy for your boyfriend’s birthday?
—I want to buy a ___B____ wallet for him.
A. black leather small
B. small black leather
C. small leather black
D. black small leather
35. The young actor who had been thought highly of ___B____ to be a great disappointment.
A. turned up
B. turned out
C. turned down
D. turned in
36. He is fond of playing ___C____ piano while his brother is interested in listening to _______ music.
A. /; the
B. /; /
C. the; /
D. the; the
37. —Don’t you feel surprised to see George at the meeting?
—Y es. I really didn’t think he ____C___ here.
A. has been
B. had been
C. would be
D. would have been
38. Children under fifteen are not permitted to see such kind of movies ___C____ bad for their mental development.
A. that is
B. which is
C. as is
D. what are
39. —Nancy was badly injured in the accident yesterday and she was sent to hospital.
—Oh, really? I ____A___. I _______ visit her.
A. didn’t know; will go to
B. don’t know; will go to
C. didn’t know; am going to
D. haven’t known; am going to
40. —Take this medicine twice a day, Peter?
—Do I have to take it? It ___C____ so terrible.
A. is tasting
B. is tasted
C. tastes
D. has tasted
41. The young ___D____ interested in pop music.
A. is
B. have
C. has
D. are
42. Important ___C____ his discovery might be, it was regarded as a matter of no account in his time.
A. when
B. until
C. as
D. although
43. —Why does he look sad?
—There are so many problems ___C____.
A. remaining to settle
B. remained settling
?. remaining to be settled D. remained to be settled
44. —The physics exam is not difficult, is it?
—___C____. Even Harry _______ to the top students failed in it.
A. Y es; belongs
B. No; belonged
C. Y es; belonging
D. No; belonging
45. ____B___ tomorrow’s lessons, Frank has no time to go out with his friends.
A. Not preparing
B. Not having prepared
C. Not to prepare
D. Being not prepared
26-30: DDAAA 31-35: CCCBB 36-40: CCCAC 41-45: DCCCB
第四部分：完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
以下短文中共包含10个未完成的句子，针对每给句子中空缺部分有4个选项，请从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并用铅笔将答题卡上的相应字母涂黑。示例[A] [B] [C] [D]
It is always interesting to visit another country, especially for those who have never traveled a great deal. Foreign 46 can be very educational for anyone if he is interested enough to make preparations beforehand. Learning the language of the new country would be difficult for the traveler, 47 the benefits of such an effort would become obvious immediately 48 his arrival. It may not seem important to him when he comfortably stays at home, but knowing how to 49 a meal or book a room is necessary for the newcomer in a strange country. Without knowing the language, it is very difficult 50 the stranger to understand the people of the new country and their customs.
Of course, in our small world it is often possible to find someone 51 understands our own, but this is only second-best for the traveler. To be sure, he can see places and things 52 the use of a language, but places and things 53 not the heart of any country. To get the greatest benefit from a trip 54 another country, it is how important for the visitor to 55 an understanding of the language.
46. A. travel B. country C. language D. people
47. A. when B. so C. and D. but
48. A. on B. before C. while D. at
49. A. buy B. order C. eat D. book
50. A. of B. to C. for D. in
51. A. who B. where C. which D. whom
52. A. without B. with C. by D. that
53. A. is B. are C. were D. had
54. A. of B. in C. to D. on
55. A. has B. having C. had D. have
46-50: ADABC 51-55: AABCD
第五部分：英翻汉（满分15分）
请在20分钟内把下列5句英文翻译成中文，把答案写在答题纸上。
56. The more passions we have, the more happiness we are likely to experience.
57. Each time history repeats itself, the price goes up.
58. In an age of plenty, we feel spiritual hunger.
59. If you decided to learn a new language, you would have to dedicate yourself wholeheartedly to the cause.
60. Karsh was praised as a master portraitist, often working in black and white, influenced by great patient painters of the past.
56. 我们的激情越多，我们有可能体验到的快乐就越多。
57. 历史每重演一次，代价就增加（一分）。
58. 在这个物质财富充裕的时代，我们感到精神上的饥渴。
59. 如果你决定学一门新的语言，你必须全身心地投入。
60. 卡什被人们誉为人像大师，由于受到历史上一些著名画家的影响，他在拍摄中经常运用黑白摄影。
第六部分：写作（满分15分）
要求在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题目和中文提纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。
Bad Manners in Public
1．列举人们在公共场所的不良现象。
2．对其中某一种现象陈述你的看法，并简单说明理由。
Key:
Bad Manners in Public
Although we consider ourselves as highly advanced being living in a civilized society, bad manners can still be found here and there. For example, some cyclists run the red traffic lights,
many passengers litter waste papers and plastic bags in public places, and some tourists scrabble in tourists attractions, let alone spit on the street. In the cinema, some audience talk loudly on cell phones in front of others.
I’m strongly against talking loudly in the cinema, for this behavior shows no respect at all to others; what’s worse, it upsets the audience who are in the mood of having fun.
小学五年级英语期末模拟试题
期末模拟试题（二） （答题时间：70分钟） 一. 选择填空 （）1. What’s name ? A. he’s B. his C. he （）2. How old is ? A. she’s B. her C. she （）3. Is Peter good Chinese ? A. in B. at C. of （）4. My father from Australia . A. come B. comes C. be （）5. is the girl ? She’s ten . A. How many B. How old C. How much （）6. a good-looking boy ! A. How B. What C. Where （）7. your name ? A. What B. What’s C. How （）8. What’s your name ? A. father B. father’s C. fathers （）9. I some new books . A. has B. have C. there is （）10. two new friends in our class . A. There is B. There are C. have （）11. Welcome our class . A. in B. to C. at （）12. Please go back to seat . A. you B. your C. my （）13. I come Britain . A. from B. in C. on （）14. eleven . A. I B. I’m C. My （）15. Let’s begin class . A. us B. we C. our （）16. Where you from ? A. is B. are C. am （）17. Where you come from ? A. are B. does C. do （）18. Where your mother from ? A. does B. is C. do （）19. My brother very funny . A. look B. looks C. are （）20. My brother likes basketball .
数据库原理模拟试卷五答案
一、单项选择题（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 1. 在数据库系统中,数据独立性是指( C ) A.用户与计算机系统的独立性 B.数据库与计算机的独立性 C.数据与应用程序的独立性 D.用户与数据库的独立性 2. 文件系统与数据库系统相比较，其缺陷主要表现在数据联系弱、数据冗余和( C ) A. 数据存储量低 B.处理速度慢 C.数据不一致 D.操作烦琐 3．设计数据库概念结构时，常用的数据抽象方法是聚集和( D ) A.分类 B.继承 C.分析 D.概括 4. 在下列的数据库模式中，独立于计算机系统的模式是( A ) A.概念模式 B.逻辑模式 C.内模式 D.外模式 5. 在SQL中使用CREATE ASSERTION 的作用是建立( C ) A.数据库 B.基本表 C.完整性规则 D.视图 6. 客户/服务器体系结构的关键在于( D ) A.资源共享 B.数据的分布 C.逻辑上的统一 D.功能的分布 7. 在关系模式R（U，F）中，如果X→Y，如果不存在X的真子集X1，使X1→Y，称函数依赖X→Y为( C ) A.平凡函数依赖 B. 部分函数依赖 C.完全函数依赖 D.传递函数依赖 8. 要使数据库具有可恢复性，最基本的原则是( D ) A.加强机房安全管理 B.安装防病毒设施 C.经常检修计算机系统 D.数据重复存储 9．在关系模式R（U，F）中，F是最小函数依赖集，属性T只在F中诸函数依赖“→”的左端出现，则属性T具有以下性质( C ) A.属性T仅是R的主属性，但不包含于侯选键中 B.属性T必是R的非主属性 C.属性T必是组成R候选键的主属性 D.属性T可能是R的主属性，也可能是R的非主属性 解释：函数依赖是语义范畴的概念，本题可以直接从语义上理解：（1）如果t 不包含在任一侯选键中，它至少依赖于候选键，所以它肯定会在F中“→”的右端出现；（2）包含在任何一个候选键中的属性称为主属性。 10. 对关系R进行投影运算后,得到关系S,则( C ) A.关系R的元组数等于关系S的元组数
英语四级模拟第5套学生试卷范文
大学英语四级考试优化训练试卷（第五套） （1997年12月，2001年6月题型） 试卷一 （75分钟） *************************************************************************** Part I Listening Comprehension(20 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Example:You will hear: You will read: A) At the office. B) In the waiting room. C) At the airport. D) In a restaurant. From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) "At the office" is the best answer. You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre. Sample Answer [-A-] [B] [C] [D] 1.A) In bed. B) Collecting stamps. C) at work. D) At home. 2.A) 12:15 B) 13:00 C) 13:10 D) 12:30 3.A) Taking an objective test. B) Writing an essay. C) Reading a book D) Taking a subjective test. 4. A) 10 dollars. B) 14 dollars. C) 16 dollars. D) 18 dollars. 5. A) Race car driver. B) Policeman C) Ticket salesman. D) Conductor. 6. A) Picnic B) Concert. C) Theater. D) Restaurant. 7. A) Better. B) Sick. C) Fine. D) tired. 8. A) Go to the mechanic. B) go to the office. C) go home. D) go to the groceries. 9. A) He is overweight. B) He is sensitive to it. C) He doesn’t like the woman. D) He doesn’t like the chocolate. 10. A) There was nothing wrong with the old one. B) They hadn’t enough money to buy it. C) The washing machine is more expensive than racing bicycle. D) They both wanted to buy a racing bicycle. Section B Compound Dictation 注意：听力理解的Section B节为复合式听写，题目在试卷二上。 Part II Reading Comprehension(35 minutes)
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幼儿教育学模拟试题及答案-5 一、不定项选择题(每题l分，共30题，每题有一个或多个答案，多选或少选均不得分) 1．学前教育中对3～6周岁的儿童进行教育的专门机构是( )。 A．托儿所B．托幼园所一体化c．幼儿园D．SOS国际儿童村E．儿童福利院 2．我国第一所公立幼稚师范学校——江西实验幼师的创办者是( )。 A．陈鹤琴B．陶行知C．黄炎培D．张雪门E．蔡元培 3．奴隶社会和封建社会，生产力发展缓慢，儿童主要在( )中接受教育。 A．家庭B．幼儿园C．儿童公育机构D．学校E．学前班 4．某次教育活动需要达成的目标是指( )。 A．全园教育目标B．中期目标C．近期目标D．行为目标E．长期目标 5．我国幼儿园通常不要求在学前阶段教孩子写字，这符合( )。 A．独立自主性原则B．发展适宜性原则c.保教结合原则D．综合性原则E．因材施教原则 6．( )是幼儿园中全面负责幼儿生活与教育的人员。
A．园长B．阿姨c．保育员D．幼儿教师E．保健人员 7．学前阶段美的启蒙重在培养儿童( )。 A．美学的知识B．审美动机C．表现美的技能D．发现美、欣赏美的能力E.表现美的能力 8．( )是增强幼儿体质的最积极、最有效的因素之一。A．科学的幼儿体育活动B．对体育活动的兴趣C．教师的示范作用 D．开展与体育相关的游戏E．自由活动 9．幼儿园的“娃娃家”游戏属于( )。 A．结构游戏B．表演游戏C．角色游戏D．智力游戏E．音乐游戏 10．幼儿夏季每天的户外活动时间不应少于( )。A．3～4个小时B．2～3个小时C．5～6个小时D．半小时E．15分钟 11．幼儿在游戏中的学习特点包括( )。 A．学习目的的强制性B．学习方式是潜移默化的C．学习动力来自幼儿内部 D．游戏是幼儿的自主活动E．学习方向的积极性 12．幼儿园课程内容是由( )决定的。 A．计划B．目标C．方式D．评价E．国家 13．在直观形象法中示范性最强的是( )。 A．观察法B．演示法C．示范法D．范例法E．实验法
英语专八自测题第五套
英语专业八级词汇专项自测题十套（1000 题）By 朱晓慧（北大出版社）Edited by Adam Brown Shenstone - 2 - A. coroner B. accomplice C. felon D.claimant 404. _ is a cluster of tiny plants that looks like moss and grows on rocks, trees, malls, etc. A. Clover B. Cedar C.Lichen D. Leech 405. A _ is the main part of the body of a boat or tank. A. tusk B. hull C. rooster D. duct 406. We ran when the bull began to _. A. dribble B. engender C. fizz D. snort 407. The _ drove the ship on the rock. A. drizzle B. tempest C.haze https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0b16846234.html,ieu 408. Once you've _ to the heat you won't feel so tired. A. enraged B. acclimatized C. foreboded D.gargled 409. If the sun _ something, especially the ground or plants, it makes it completely dry. A. impends B. lilts C. parches D.traduces 410. After wavshing them in soapy water, _ the clothes thoroughly. A. leer B. harrow C. maculate D.rinse 411. We'll need to have a new electric _ fitted into the wall for the teievision plug. A. schooner B. socket C.rudder D.cartridge 412. Leaves turned to shimming silver as _ played through them. A. solos B. zephyrs C. hurricanes D.galaxies 413. Much of what he said was beyond her comprehension but she understood the _ of his remarks. A. tac B. tact C. tanner D.tenor 414. A _ is a very ba.d snow storm with strong winds.. A. blizzard B. bliss C. blister D. bazaar 415. _ is a red powder which people, especially women and actors, put on their cheeks in order to give them more color. A. Pip B. Rum C. Yogurt D. Rouge 416. The coronation of the new king was performed with great _ . A. pomp B. pump C. plump D. plumb 417. During his _ in Africa the missionary learned much about native customs. A. sojourn B. iris C. peril D. rapture 418. He received the ball from the'right near the penalty spot, then _ it wide of the goal. A. assayed B.exterminated C. jabbed D. jeered 419. Insurance _ losses were heavy last year due to a number of natural disasters. A. unraveling B. underwritmg C. understating D. unassuming 420. This Bob Dylan _ includes some'rare recordings of his best songs. A. anthology B.anthem C. anthropology D. antidote 421. The president of this company is just a _ —the chief Executive has day-to-day