表语从句讲解及专项练习
概念:表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句。
放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”
可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。
★ The trouble is that we are short of money.困难是我们资金短缺。
★ That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。
★ At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.当时,我似乎怎么也想不
出一个恰当的字眼来。
引导表语从句的词:
从属连词that、whether、as though、as if(That引导表语从句时,在口语中,间或可以省略。)
关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等;
关系副词when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。
※由从属连词that,whether引导的表语从句。
that在引导表语从句时无词义,而whether有词义,意为、“是否”。这时主句的主语常常是
些抽象名词,如question(问题),trouble(麻烦),problem(问题),result(结果),chance(可能性),suggestion(建议),idea(想法),reason(理由)等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释,使主
语的内容具体化。
例如:
★ The trouble is (that) she has lost his money. 麻烦的事是他丢了钱。
★The question is whether we need more ice cream.问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋。
★The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use.问题是它作为日常之用太贵
重了。
★What she couldn’t understand w as that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. 我们不能理解越来越少的学生对他的课不感兴趣。
※由关系代词引导的表语从句。
关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等引导表语从句,在句中作主语、宾语、表语,关系代词不能省略。
例如:
★The question is which of us should go.问题是我们哪一个应该去。
★The problem was who could do the work.问题是谁能做这项工作。
★That's what he is worrying about.那就是他在担心的事。
★That's what we should do.那是我们应该做的。
※由关系副词引导的表语从句。
关系副词when, where, how, why 除在句子起连接作用外,在从句中还充当时间,地点,方
式或原因状语,本身具有词义。
例如:
★Go and get your coat. It's where you left it. 去把雨衣拿来。就在你原来放的地方。
why I got wet through. 我们既没伞也没★I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That’s
雨衣,这是我们淋湿的原因。
★That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year.那就是老鼠是怎样每年损害大量粮食的。
★That is what he is worried about.那就是他所担心的。
※由连词because,as if/as though等引导的表语从句。
★It looked as if it was going to snow.看起来好像要下雪了。
★That's because we never thought of it.这是因为我们从未想过此事。
好像他不知道答案。
★It seems as if he didn’t know the answer.
注意
A. 表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.
Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.
B. 不可以用if,而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外)。
引导宾语从句时可以互换if/whether 位于介词后要用whether
位于句首时要用whether。
引导表语从句,主语从句,同位语从句时要用whether。
False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.
Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.
Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.
C.不像宾语从句,在有表语从句的复合句中,主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。
Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.
Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.
D. that在表语从句中不可以省掉。
基本用法
表语从句只能置于主句之后,而主句的动词只能是联系动词。
名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句
例如:
★The problem is how we can get the things we need.
问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。(how 在表语从句中充当方式状语)
★The scissors are not what I need. 这把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what 在表语从句中充当宾语)
★What I told him was that I would find him a good play. 我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。(what在主语从句中作直接宾语,that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句
子成分,不能省略)
★That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要对你讲的。(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)
★That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考试不及格的原因。(why 在表语从句中充当原因状语)
表语测试
1. The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.
A. that
B. if
C. when
D. whether
2.The reason why he failed is ________he was too careless.
A. because
B. that
C. for
D. because of
3. Go and get your coat. It’ s ________you left it
A. where
B. there
C. there where
D. where there
4.The problem is _________to take the place of Ted
A. who can we get
B. what we can get
C. who we can get
D. that we can get
5. What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.
A. that
B. if
C. whether
D.不填
6. The reason is_________ I missed the bus.
A. that
B. when
C. why
D. what
7. That is __ ___ we were late last time.
A. that
B. when
C. why
D. what
8. She looked _________ she were ten years younger.
A. that
B. like
C. as
D. as though
9.—I fell sick!
--I think it is _______ you are doing too much.
A. why
B. when
C. what
D. because
10. The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.
A. because his mother is ill
B. because of his mother’s being ill
C. that his mother is ill
D. for his mother is ill
11. —He was born here.
-- That is _______ he likes the place so much.
A. that
B. what
C. why
D. how
12.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.
A. what
B. where
C. that
D. why
13._______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.
A. What; how are you
B. That;how you are
C. How;that you are
D. What;how you are
14. The trouble is__________ we are short of tools.
A. what
B. that
C. how
D. why that
15. America was __________was first called “India” by Columbus.
A. what
B. where
C. the place
D. there where
16. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_________ .
A. what it used to be
B. what it was used to being
C. what it used to being
D. what it was used to be
17. ________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.
A. What … that
B. That … what
C. What … what
D. That … what
18. The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. such
19 —I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
—Is that_____ you had a few days off?
A. why B .what C. when D. where
20 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wet through.
B. That’s why
C. There’s why
D. It’s how
A. It’s the reason
21. See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.
A. when
B. which
C. where
D. what
22. --- Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?
---Oh, that’s _____.
A. what makes me feel excited
B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it
D. when I feel excited
23. What surprised me was not what he said but ______ he said it.
A. the way
B. in the way that
C. in the way
D. the way which
答案
1~5: DBACC
6~10 :ACDDC
11~15:CBDBA
16~20: AACAB
21~23: DAA